A CNC machine tool with rapid clamping and limiting function
By introducing three-jaw automatic chuck, screw motor and pushing mechanism to automatically adjust the limit spline shaft position in the CNC machine tool, the problems of fatigue and low efficiency caused by manual adjustment of limit ruler plates in the prior art are solved, and rapid clamping and efficient processing are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510886551.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-06-30
AI Technical Summary
When clamping shaft-type workpieces, existing CNC machine tools need to manually adjust the limit ruler plate, which leads to fatigue and low efficiency of staff, especially for large workpieces that are complex and inconvenient to operate.
The three-claw automatic chuck, screw motor, limit spline shaft and pushing mechanism are used to automatically adjust the position of the limit spline shaft and push the plate to push the workpiece, which can achieve rapid clamping and limiting, and reduce manual intervention.
Automatic clamping and limiting of workpieces is realized, which reduces the burden on staff and improves clamping efficiency and accuracy of workpiece position.
Smart Images
Figure CN120382362B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a numerically controlled machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function. Background Art
[0002] In the field of modern mechanical manufacturing, CNC machine tools are one of the core equipment for processing shaft workpieces. In order to achieve stable clamping and precise processing of shaft workpieces of different specifications, position calibration is generally performed with the help of limit scale plates. The limit scale plates are adjusted according to the target processing position to ensure that the area to be processed is completely exposed outside the clamping jaws to meet subsequent processing requirements.
[0003] In the actual production process, each loading requires manual positioning through multiple limit plates. This repetitive action increases the workload of the staff. For thicker and larger shaft workpieces, due to their weight and volume, they will face great inconvenience in the lifting and adjustment process. The staff must carefully observe and repeatedly adjust the position of the limit plate to ensure that the processing area of the workpiece is accurately outside the clamping jaws, which further increases the difficulty of clamping. Moreover, adjusting the position of the limit plate is a relatively delicate operation that requires concentration, which makes the staff easily tired and significantly reduces work efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a CNC machine tool with a quick clamping limit function, which can overcome the disadvantages that the staff must carefully observe and repeatedly adjust the position of the limit plate to ensure that the processing area of the workpiece is accurately outside the clamping jaws, further increasing the difficulty of clamping. Moreover, adjusting the position of the limit plate is a relatively delicate operation that requires concentration, which makes the staff easily tired and significantly reduces work efficiency.
[0005] The technical implementation scheme of the present invention is: a CNC machine tool with a quick clamping and limiting function, including a CNC machine tool body, a three-jaw automatic chuck, a driving motor, a mounting frame, a screw motor, a movable plate, a limiting spline shaft, a supporting mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The three-jaw automatic chuck is rotatably connected inside the CNC machine tool body, and the driving motor is installed inside the CNC machine tool body. The output shaft of the driving motor and the three-jaw automatic chuck are transmitted through a transmission gear. The CNC machine tool body is connected to two mounting frames, and the top of the mounting frames are both equipped with screw motors. The screws of the screw motors are rotatably connected to the CNC machine tool body, and the screws of the two screw motors are commonly connected with a movable plate through a thread. The middle part of the movable plate is rotatably connected to the limiting spline shaft, and the limiting spline shaft slides through the middle of the three-jaw automatic chuck. The supporting mechanism is used to support the workpiece, and the pushing mechanism is used to push the workpiece and push the workpiece between the three jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supporting mechanism includes a mounting plate, a rotating shaft, a rotating frame, a sliding frame, a spring, a support roller, a contact block, a push block and a rotating assembly. The CNC machine tool body is internally connected to the mounting plate, the middle of the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating frame is connected to the rotating shaft, the sliding frame is slidably connected inside the rotating frame, a spring is connected between the sliding frame and the rotating frame, the top of the sliding frame is rotatably connected to support rollers for supporting the workpiece at even intervals, the sliding frame is connected to a contact block, the three jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck are connected to a push block on the side away from each other, and the rotating assembly is used to turn the sliding frame away from the three-jaw automatic chuck.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating assembly includes a spur gear, an electric push rod, a spur rack, a rotating ring, a rotating plate and a baffle, a spur gear is connected to the rotating shaft, an electric push rod is installed inside the CNC machine tool body, a spur rack is slidably connected inside the CNC machine tool body, the telescopic rod of the electric push rod is connected to the spur rack, the spur rack will engage with the spur gear during the process of moving to the right, and drive the spur gear to rotate, the spur gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the sliding frame to rotate, turn the sliding frame away from the three-jaw automatic chuck, a rotating ring is connected to the rotating frame, a rotating plate is connected to the top of the rotating ring, a baffle is connected to the spur rack, and the bottom of the baffle is in contact with the top of the rotating plate.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pushing mechanism includes a contact plate, a connecting shaft, a torsion spring, a push plate and a rotating block. The contact plate is connected to the inside of the CNC machine tool body, the baffle is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, a torsion spring is connected between the baffle and the connecting shaft, a push plate is connected to the connecting shaft, the push plate is used to push the workpiece, and the workpiece is pushed between the three jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck. The push plate is connected to the rotating block, and the rotating block is in contact with the contact plate.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a scale, a slider and an indicator block. The scale is connected to the CNC machine tool body, the slider is connected to the movable plate, the slider slides through the CNC machine tool body, and the indicator block is connected to the top of the slider, which points to the scale.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limit plate is further included. Three limit plates are connected to the outer circumference of the limit spline shaft at even intervals, and three accommodating grooves for accommodating the limit plates are evenly spaced at the circumference on the right side of the three-jaw automatic chuck.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective door is further included, and the front side of the CNC machine tool body is slidably connected to the protective door.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support roller has a structure that is thick at both ends and thin in the middle.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0014] 1. The present invention can drive the limit spline shaft to move left and right through the screw motor to adjust the limit distance of the limit spline shaft. The workpiece can be pushed to the left through the push plate to make the workpiece contact with the right end of the limit spline shaft. The limit spline shaft limits the workpiece and automatically clamps and limits the workpiece. There is no need to frequently adjust the position of the limit spline shaft, which can reduce the workload of the staff and improve work efficiency.
[0015] 2. The push plate can push the workpiece so that the workpiece and the right end of the limit spline shaft are always in contact, avoiding the position of the workpiece from shifting and ensuring the accuracy of the workpiece position.
[0016] 3. The moving distance of the limit spline shaft can be seen through the scale, so that the limit distance of the limit spline shaft can be controlled more accurately. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the CNC machine tool body of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the three-jaw automatic chuck of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the supporting mechanism of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spur gear and spur rack of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the rotating frame of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating ring, rotating plate and baffle of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the propulsion mechanism of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the propulsion mechanism of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the scale and indicator block of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 12It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slider and the indicator block of the present invention.
[0029] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks: 1. CNC machine tool body, 2. three-jaw automatic chuck, 3. drive motor, 4. mounting frame, 5. screw motor, 6. moving plate, 7. limit spline shaft, 81. mounting plate, 82. rotating shaft, 83. rotating frame, 84. sliding frame, 85. spring, 86. support roller, 87. contact block, 871. push block, 88. spur gear, 89. electric push rod, 810. spur rack, 811. rotating ring, 812. rotating plate, 813. baffle, 91. contact plate, 92. connecting shaft, 93. torsion spring, 94. push plate, 95. rotating block, 101. scale, 102. slider, 103. indicator block, 11. limit plate, 12. protective door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.
[0031] Reference Figures 1-10 The jacks 2 are connected to the workpiece by a screw thread, and the jacks 3 are connected to the workpiece by a screw thread, and the jacks 3 are connected to the workpiece by a screw thread.
[0032] Reference Figure 4-Figure 8The supporting mechanism includes a mounting plate 81, a rotating shaft 82, a rotating frame 83, a sliding frame 84, a spring 85, a supporting roller 86, a contact block 87, a push block 871 and a rotating assembly. The rear side of the CNC machine tool body 1 is connected to the mounting plate 81 by bolts. The middle of the mounting plate 81 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 82, and the rotating frame 83 is connected to the rotating shaft 82. The sliding frame 84 is slidably connected in the rotating frame 83. Four springs 85 are connected between the bottom of the sliding frame 84 and the bottom of the rotating frame 83. The top of the sliding frame 84 is rotatably connected to three supporting rollers 86 at even intervals. The supporting rollers 86 are a structure that is thick at both ends and thin in the middle. When the workpiece is placed on the supporting rollers 86, the workpiece will be located in the middle position of the supporting rollers 86 to prevent the workpiece from moving at will. The lower left part of the sliding frame 84 is connected to the contact block 87 by bolts. The three clamping jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 are each connected to a push block 871 on the side away from each other. The rotating assembly is used to turn the sliding frame 84 away from the three-jaw automatic chuck 2.
[0033] Reference Figure 4-Figure 8 The rotating assembly includes a spur gear 88, an electric push rod 89, a spur rack 810, a rotating ring 811, a rotating plate 812 and a baffle 813. The rear end of the rotating shaft 82 is connected to the spur gear 88 through a key, and the electric push rod 89 is installed on the rear side of the CNC machine tool body 1 by bolts. The rear side of the CNC machine tool body 1 is slidingly connected to the spur rack 810, and the left end of the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 89 is connected to the spur rack 810. The spur rack 810 will engage with the spur gear 88 when moving to the right. The rear side of the rotating frame 83 is connected to the rotating ring 811, and the top of the rotating ring 811 is connected to the rotating plate 812. The front side of the spur rack 810 is connected to the baffle 813, and the bottom of the baffle 813 is in contact with the top of the rotating plate 812.
[0034] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The pushing mechanism includes a contact plate 91, a connecting shaft 92, a torsion spring 93, a push plate 94 and a rotating block 95. The contact plate 91 is connected to the rear side of the CNC machine tool body 1 by bolts. The right side of the baffle 813 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 92. A torsion spring 93 is sleeved on the lower part of the connecting shaft 92. The two ends of the torsion spring 93 are respectively connected to the baffle 813 and the connecting shaft 92. The upper part of the connecting shaft 92 is connected to the push plate 94. The left side of the rear side of the push plate 94 is connected to the rotating block 95. The left side of the rotating block 95 contacts the right side of the contact plate 91.
[0035] In the initial state, the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 89 is in an extended state, the spur rack 810 and the spur gear 88 are not engaged, the bottom of the baffle 813 is in contact with the top of the rotating plate 812, and the baffle 813 blocks the rotating plate 812, so that the rotating plate 812 and the rotating ring 811 cannot rotate, and the sliding frame 84 cannot rotate either;The staff rotates one of the push blocks 871 to the bottom of the contact block 87, and then controls the screw motor 5 to drive the movable plate 6 to move left and right, and the movable plate 6 drives the limit spline shaft 7 to move left and right, adjusts the limit distance of the limit spline shaft 7, and then places the workpiece on the support roller 86, and then controls the clamping jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 to close inward, and the push block 871 will push the contact block 87 to move upward, and the contact block 87 drives the sliding frame 84 to move upward, the spring 85 is stretched, and the sliding frame 84 drives the support roller 86 to move upward, and the support roller 86 drives the workpiece to move upward, and moves the workpiece to the center of the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 to ensure the accuracy of clamping. At this time, the workpiece is flush with the limit spline shaft 7, and then the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 89 is controlled to extend, driving the spur rack The cam 810 moves to the left, the spur rack 810 drives the baffle 813 to move to the left, the baffle 813 drives the push plate 94 and the rotating block 95 to move to the left, the left side of the rotating block 95 contacts the right side of the contact plate 91, and under the action of the contact plate 91, the rotating block 95 rotates, the rotating block 95 drives the push plate 94 and the connecting shaft 92 to rotate, the torsion spring 93 deforms, and the push plate 94 pushes the workpiece to the left, so that the workpiece contacts the right end of the limit spline shaft 7, and the limit spline shaft 7 limits the workpiece. At this time, the electric push rod 89 is turned off, and the jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 are continued to be controlled to close inward to clamp the workpiece, and the workpiece is automatically clamped and limited. There is no need to frequently adjust the position of the limit spline shaft 7, which can reduce the workload of the staff and improve work efficiency. When the workpiece is in the right position, the push plate 94 pushes the workpiece so that the workpiece and the right end of the limit spline shaft 7 are always in contact, avoiding the position of the workpiece from being offset and ensuring the accuracy of the workpiece position. After the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 clamps the workpiece, the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 89 is controlled to shorten, driving the spur rack 810, the baffle 813, the push plate 94 and the rotating block 95 to move to the right, and the rotating block 95 is out of contact with the contact plate 91. Under the action of the torsion spring 93, the push plate 94 rotates in the opposite direction to reset, and the push plate 94 is out of contact with the workpiece. Then the baffle 813 and the rotating plate 812 are out of contact. The baffle 813 no longer blocks the rotating plate 812, allowing the sliding frame 84 to rotate. Then the spur rack 810 will mesh with the spur gear 88 and drive the spur gear 88 to rotate. The spur gear 88 drives the rotating plate 812 to rotate. The rotating shaft 82 rotates, driving the slide 84 to rotate, moving the slide 84 away from the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 to prevent the slide 84 from interfering with the CNC machine tool body 1 in processing the workpiece. At this time, the contact block 87 disengages from the push block 871. Under the action of the spring 85, the slide 84 moves back to its original position. The spring 85 can pull the slide 84 to prevent the slide 84 from sliding off the rotating frame 83. The drive motor 3 is then started. The output shaft of the drive motor 3 drives the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 to rotate via the transmission gear. The three-jaw automatic chuck 2 drives the workpiece to rotate. Subsequently, the CNC machine tool body 1 processes the workpiece. The limit spline shaft 7 rotates along with the three-jaw automatic chuck 2 to prevent friction between the workpiece and the limit spline shaft 7.
[0036] Reference Figure 11 and Figure 12 , also includes a scale 101, a slider 102 and an indicator block 103. The scale 101 is connected to the left front side of the CNC machine tool body 1, the slider 102 is connected to the front side of the movable plate 6, the slider 102 slides through the front side of the CNC machine tool body 1, and the indicator block 103 is connected to the top front side of the slider 102, and the indicator block 103 points to the scale 101.
[0037] The control screw motor 5 drives the movable plate 6 and the limit spline shaft 7 to move left and right, and adjusts the limit distance of the limit spline shaft 7. The movable plate 6 can also drive the slider 102 and the indicator block 103 to move left and right. The indicator block 103 points to the scale 101. The moving distance of the movable plate 6 and the limit spline shaft 7 can be seen through the scale 101, so that the limit distance of the limit spline shaft 7 can be controlled more accurately.
[0038] Reference Figure 3 , also includes a limit plate 11, three limit plates 11 are connected to the outside of the limit spline shaft 7 at evenly spaced circumferences, and three accommodating grooves for accommodating the limit plates 11 are evenly spaced circumferentially on the right side of the three-jaw automatic chuck 2. When processing an annular workpiece, the limit plate 11 can limit the annular workpiece to adapt to different types of workpieces.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 , also includes a protective door 12, the front side of the CNC machine tool body 1 is slidably connected to the protective door 12, when the workpiece is being processed, the protective door 12 can be closed to prevent debris from flying around.
[0040] The above description is merely an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions made within the principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Any content not elaborated in detail herein is already known to those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function, comprising a CNC machine tool body (1) and a three-jaw automatic chuck (2), wherein the CNC machine tool body (1) is internally rotatably connected to the three-jaw automatic chuck (2), and is characterized by: The machine tool further comprises a driving motor (3), a mounting frame (4), a screw motor (5), a moving plate (6), a limit spline shaft (7), a supporting mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The driving motor (3) is installed inside the CNC machine tool body (1). The output shaft of the driving motor (3) and the three-jaw automatic chuck (2) are driven by a transmission gear. The CNC machine tool body (1) is internally connected to two mounting frames (4). The tops of the mounting frames (4) are both equipped with screw motors (5). The screws of the screw motors (5) and the CNC machine tool body (1) are rotatably connected. The screws of the two screw motors (5) are connected to a moving plate (6) through a thread. The middle of the moving plate (6) is rotatably connected to the limit spline shaft (7). The limit spline shaft (7) slides through the middle of the three-jaw automatic chuck (2). The supporting mechanism is used to support the workpiece. The pushing mechanism is used to push the workpiece to push the workpiece between the three jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck (2). It also includes a limiting plate (11), three limiting plates (11) are connected to the outer circumference of the limiting spline shaft (7) at even intervals, and three receiving grooves for receiving the limiting plates (11) are evenly spaced at intervals on the right side of the three-jaw automatic chuck (2).
2. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting mechanism includes a mounting plate (81), a rotating shaft (82), a rotating frame (83), a sliding frame (84), a spring (85), a supporting roller (86), a contact block (87), a push block (871) and a rotating assembly. The CNC machine tool body (1) is internally connected with the mounting plate (81), the middle of the mounting plate (81) is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft (82), the rotating frame (83) is connected to the rotating shaft (82), the sliding frame (84) is slidably connected in the rotating frame (83), a spring (85) is connected between the sliding frame (84) and the rotating frame (83), the top of the sliding frame (84) is evenly spaced and rotatably connected with supporting rollers (86) for supporting the workpiece, the sliding frame (84) is connected to the contact block (87), the three jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck (2) are each connected with a push block (871) on the side away from each other, and the rotating assembly is used to turn the sliding frame (84) away from the three-jaw automatic chuck (2).
3. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a spur gear (88), an electric push rod (89), a spur rack (810), a rotating ring (811), a rotating plate (812) and a baffle (813), the rotating shaft (82) is connected to the spur gear (88), the electric push rod (89) is installed inside the CNC machine tool body (1), the spur rack (810) is slidably connected inside the CNC machine tool body (1), the telescopic rod of the electric push rod (89) is connected to the spur rack (810), and the spur rack (810) is in the process of moving to the right. 88) is engaged and drives the spur gear (88) to rotate, the spur gear (88) drives the rotating shaft (82) to rotate, the rotating shaft (82) drives the sliding frame (84) to rotate, and the sliding frame (84) is turned away, so that the sliding frame (84) is away from the three-claw automatic chuck (2), the rotating frame (83) is connected to a rotating ring (811), the top of the rotating ring (811) is connected to a rotating plate (812), the spur rack (810) is connected to a baffle (813), and the bottom of the baffle (813) is in contact with the top of the rotating plate (812).
4. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes a contact plate (91), a connecting shaft (92), a torsion spring (93), a push plate (94) and a rotating block (95). The contact plate (91) is connected to the inside of the CNC machine tool body (1). The baffle (813) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (92). A torsion spring (93) is connected between the baffle (813) and the connecting shaft (92). The connecting shaft (92) is connected to a push plate (94). The push plate (94) is used to push the workpiece to between the three clamping jaws of the three-jaw automatic chuck (2). The push plate (94) is connected to the rotating block (95). The rotating block (95) contacts the contact plate (91).
5. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a scale (101), a slider (102) and an indicator block (103), wherein the scale (101) is connected to the CNC machine tool body (1), the slider (102) is connected to the movable plate (6), the slider (102) slides through the CNC machine tool body (1), the top of the slider (102) is connected to the indicator block (103), and the indicator block (103) points to the scale (101).
6. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protective door (12), and the front side of the CNC machine tool body (1) is slidably connected to the protective door (12).
7. A CNC machine tool with a rapid clamping and limiting function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support roller (86) has a structure with thick ends and thin middle.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Adjustable hard paw device of chuck
CN101195174A
Cylindrical lathe for drill rod machining
CN214768963U