Ship unloader grab bucket and control method capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ship unloader grab buckets, and more specifically, to a ship unloader grab bucket and control method capable of avoiding blind spots in grabbing. The grab bucket comprises a grab bucket; an extension sleeve is vertically arranged on one side of the grab bucket; a lifting ring is vertically arranged within the extension sleeve for movement in the vertical direction; a plurality of cleaning brushes are vertically arranged around the axis of the lifting ring at the bottom of the lifting ring; a conical member with an upwardly pointed tip is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the extension sleeve; the conical member is used to guide the cleaning brushes to spread outward when the lifting ring descends; and a drive unit for driving the lifting ring to rotate is provided on the upper portion of the extension sleeve. The present invention avoids the grab bucket being unable to grab materials due to blind spots when grabbing materials, and also avoids the situation where workers and the grab bucket are working simultaneously, thereby improving safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship unloader grab buckets, and in particular to a ship unloader grab bucket and a control method thereof capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots. Background Art

[0002] After the sand-loading ship delivers the sand to the dock, the sand needs to be unloaded by a ship unloader. The grab bucket of the existing ship unloader is usually divided into two parts, a left grab bucket and a right grab bucket. The left grab bucket and the right grab bucket are closed together to grab materials. However, the grab bucket will wear out when grabbing materials for a long time, making the grab bucket not tightly closed. When grabbing materials such as fine coal and fine sand, leakage is likely to occur. Therefore, the grab bucket needs to be disassembled for inspection or replacement. However, a large number of bolts are used during the disassembly and installation of the existing grab bucket, and different parts of the grab bucket are connected to different equipment components. As a result, the disassembly and installation process is cumbersome and difficult, and wastes a lot of workers' time.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN221700917U discloses a ship unloader grab that is easy to install and disassemble, including a mounting seat, and also including: a left grab and a right grab, both located below the mounting seat; a mounting plate symmetrically arranged below the mounting seat; a mounting assembly arranged inside the two mounting plates and used to fix the two mounting plates to the left grab and the right grab; an adjustment assembly arranged at the bottom of the mounting seat and used to open and close the left grab and the right grab; and a drive assembly symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the mounting seat and used to drive the left grab and the right grab to open and close.

[0004] The above scheme provides a ship unloader grab that is easy to disassemble and install. However, since the shape of the grab is mostly an arc-shaped structure, there is a blind spot in the actual use of the grab. That is, when the grab is used to grab materials in the corners of the ship hold, the grab cannot shovel up the materials accumulated in the corners of the ship hold. The existing operating method mostly manually cleans the materials accumulated in the corners of the ship hold to the working area of ​​the grab. However, the above method requires the staff and the grab to work at the same time, which is highly dangerous and has a high work intensity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention relates to a ship unloader grab bucket and a control method for avoiding blind spots in grabbing. The method comprises the following steps: an extension sleeve is vertically arranged on one side of the grab bucket, and a lifting ring is vertically movable in the extension sleeve. A cleaning brush is arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring. When a blind spot appears in the grab bucket during the material grabbing process, the lifting ring is lowered, and the lifting ring drives the cleaning brush to slide out from the lower part of the extension sleeve. At the same time, in order to ensure that the sliding cleaning brush can be in an open state, a cone is further provided at the bottom of the extension sleeve. Guided by the cone, the cleaning brush can open automatically when it descends with the lifting ring, so that the ship unloader grab bucket can automatically clean the material in the corner of the ship hold when grabbing material in the ship hold, avoiding the grab bucket being unable to grab material due to the working blind spot when grabbing material. At the same time, there is no need for the staff and the grab bucket to work at the same time, which not only reduces the workload of the staff, but also avoids the situation where the staff and the grab bucket work at the same time, thereby improving safety.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a ship unloader grab bucket that can avoid grabbing blind spots, including a grab bucket; an extension sleeve is vertically arranged on one side of the grab bucket, a lifting ring is arranged in the extension sleeve for movement in the vertical direction, a plurality of cleaning brushes are vertically arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring around the axis of the lifting ring, a conical member with a pointed head facing upward is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the extension sleeve, the conical member is used to guide the cleaning brushes to spread out to all sides when the lifting ring descends, and a driving unit for driving the lifting ring to rotate is provided on the upper part of the extension sleeve; a plurality of through holes are evenly penetrated on the conical member around the axial direction of the conical member, the through holes are for the descending cleaning brushes to pass through, and a blocking shell that moves in the vertical direction is provided below the conical member, and the blocking shell can block the bottom of the through hole when it rises.

[0007] Preferably, an air cavity is present between the lifting ring and the upper portion of the extension sleeve, an air vent communicating with the air cavity is provided on the upper portion of the extension sleeve, and an air pump is connected to one side of the air vent.

[0008] Preferably, a collar is provided on the outer sleeve of the lifting ring, the lifting ring and the collar are rotationally matched, and the collar is slidingly matched with the inner wall of the extension sleeve along the vertical direction.

[0009] Preferably, a central shaft is provided on the extension sleeve and moves through the extension sleeve along the axial direction of the extension sleeve, a driving cavity is opened at the lower part of the central shaft, an extension rod is vertically fixed at the upper part of the sealing shell, the extension rod passes through the conical part and extends into the driving cavity, there is a gap between the upper end of the extension rod and the bottom of the driving cavity, and a spring is vertically provided in the gap, with its two ends fixedly connected to the end of the extension rod and the bottom of the driving cavity respectively.

[0010] Preferably, a first limiting ring and a second limiting ring are fixedly arranged on the central axis from bottom to top, the first limiting ring is located inside the extension sleeve, the second limiting ring is located outside the extension sleeve, and the lifting ring is located below the first limiting ring and can drive the first limiting ring to rise synchronously when the lifting ring rises.

[0011] Preferably, a guide rod is vertically fixedly provided on the upper part of the conical member, the guide rod passes through the bottom of the central shaft and is slidably engaged with the central shaft, and the conical member is rotationally engaged with the extension sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating chamber is opened at the bottom of the sealing shell, and a rotating part is rotatably arranged in the rotating chamber. The rotating part has two working end faces, one working end face is horizontal, and the other working end face is convex. A rotating driver for driving the rotating part to rotate is provided on one side of the rotating part.

[0013] Preferably, a drive groove is vertically opened on the upper part of the central shaft, the drive unit includes a drive shaft slidingly engaged with the drive groove, the horizontal cross-section of the drive shaft is a non-circular structure, an annular magnetic drive is provided on the outer sleeve of the drive shaft, and the lifting ring rotates synchronously with the central shaft.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a control method for a ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding a blind grabbing area. The method adopts a ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding a blind grabbing area, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] S1. First, grab the materials in the ship's hold with the grab bucket. When the materials in the ship's hold gradually reach the bottom, the lifting ring in the extension sleeve descends, and the cleaning brush gradually opens under the guidance of the cone-shaped part;

[0016] S2. When the lifting ring drops to the lowest position, the cleaning brush opens to the maximum state, the drive unit starts, and the lifting ring drives the cleaning brush to rotate. The rotating cleaning brush cleans the materials in the corners of the ship hold;

[0017] S3. The grab moves along the bottom of the hold, and the cleaning brush cleans all corners of the bottom of the hold. Then the lifting ring rises and drives the cleaning brush to retract, and the grab grabs the swept materials.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention vertically arranges an extension sleeve on one side of the grab bucket, and a lifting ring is vertically movable in the extension sleeve, and a cleaning brush is arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring. When the grab bucket encounters a blind spot during the material grabbing process, the lifting ring is lowered, and the lifting ring drives the cleaning brush to slide out from the lower part of the extension sleeve. At the same time, in order to ensure that the sliding cleaning brush can be in an open state, a cone-shaped part is further provided at the bottom of the extension sleeve. Guided by the cone-shaped part, when the cleaning brush descends with the lifting ring, the cleaning brush can automatically open, so that the ship unloader grab bucket can automatically clean the materials in the corners of the ship hold when grabbing materials in the ship hold, avoiding the grab bucket from being unable to grab materials due to the working blind spot when grabbing materials. At the same time, there is no need for the staff and the grab bucket to work at the same time, which not only reduces the workload of the staff, but also avoids the situation where the staff and the grab bucket work at the same time, thereby improving safety.

[0020] 2. By arranging a collar on the periphery of the lifting ring, the lifting ring is prevented from moving in the vertical direction and rotating around its own axis when descending to the lowest position, thereby improving the sealing performance of the lifting ring during the lifting process.

[0021] 3. By setting a blocking shell under the conical part, the blocking shell drops before the cleaning brush extends, and the blocking shell makes way for the through hole, ensuring that the cleaning brush can pass through the through hole smoothly. When the material needs to be grabbed by the grab bucket, the blocking shell rises and blocks the through hole, and the extension sleeve is inserted into the material when the grab bucket grabs the material, and the material cannot pass through the through hole into the extension sleeve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The present invention is a stereoscopic schematic diagram of a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots when it is in a material grabbing state.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a ship unloader grab bucket in a cleaning state that can avoid grabbing blind spots according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The present invention is a side view of a ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots.

[0025] Figure 4 The present invention is a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 The present invention is a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cutaway perspective diagram of a ship unloader grab that can avoid blind spots in the grabbing area. Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 7 The present invention is a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0029] Figure 8 The present invention is a stereoscopic schematic diagram of a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots, with part of the grab and extension sleeve removed.

[0030] Figure 9 The present invention is a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots Figure 8 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0031] Figure 10 This is a cutaway perspective diagram of a ship unloader grab that can avoid blind spots in the grabbing area. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 11 The present invention is a ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots Figure 10 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle.

[0033] The numbers in the figure are:

[0034] 1. Grab bucket; 2. Extension sleeve; 21. Cleaning brush; 22. Conical member; 221. Through hole; 222. Sealing shell; 2221. Rotating chamber; 2222. Rotating member; 2223. Rotary driver; 223. Center shaft; 2231. Drive chamber; 2232. Spring; 2233. First limiting ring; 2234. Second limiting ring; 224. Extension rod; 225. Guide rod; 23. Drive unit; 231. Annular magnetic driver; 232. Drive shaft; 24. Lifting ring; 25. Vent; 26. Sleeve ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 : A ship unloader grab that can avoid grabbing blind spots, including a grab 1; an extension sleeve 2 is vertically arranged on one side of the grab 1, a lifting ring 24 is arranged in the extension sleeve 2 for movement in the vertical direction, a plurality of cleaning brushes 21 are vertically arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring 24 around the axis of the lifting ring 24, a conical member 22 with a pointed end facing upward is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the extension sleeve 2, the conical member 22 is used to guide the cleaning brushes 21 to spread out to the surroundings when the lifting ring 24 descends, and a driving unit 23 for driving the lifting ring 24 to rotate is provided on the upper part of the extension sleeve 2.

[0037] Since most grab buckets 1 are arc-shaped, and the movement trajectory formed by the grab bucket 1 when grabbing materials is also an arc-shaped structure, when the grab bucket 1 is close to the corner of the ship's hold, the materials accumulated in the corner of the ship's hold cannot be scooped up by the grab bucket 1, resulting in a blind spot in the grab bucket 1 during the grabbing process. The existing solution is to have staff descend to the bottom of the ship's hold and clean the materials located in the corner of the ship's hold, so that the materials accumulated in the corner of the ship's hold can be manually removed. However, the ship's hold space is large, and if the materials are manually removed from the corner of the ship's hold, the workload is large. In addition, when the grab bucket 1 grabs the materials, some of the materials may accidentally fall into the corner of the ship's hold, requiring the staff to clean them multiple times. At the same time, in order to improve the efficiency of grabbing materials, the grab bucket 1 and the staff need to work at the bottom of the ship's hold at the same time, which is very dangerous. If observation is not timely, the grab bucket 1 may easily injure people.

[0038] To avoid the above situation, the existing ship unloader grab 1 is redesigned so that it can automatically clean the materials in the corners of the ship hold when grabbing the materials in the ship hold. This eliminates the need for workers and the grab 1 to work simultaneously. This not only reduces the workload of workers, but also avoids the situation where workers and the grab 1 need to work simultaneously, thereby improving safety. The specific structure and working process of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] The cleaning brush 21 is made of steel. The lifting ring 24 arranged in the extension sleeve 2 moves in the vertical direction and has a highest position and a lowest position when moving in the extension sleeve 2. When in use, the material in the ship's hold is first grabbed by the grab 1. At this time, the lifting ring 24 is at the highest position, and the cleaning brushes 21 arranged on the lifting ring 24 are all located in the extension sleeve 2. When the material in the ship's hold gradually reaches the bottom, the lifting ring 24 located in the extension sleeve 2 drops to the lowest position. During the descent of the lifting ring 24, the cleaning brush 21 arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring 24 drops synchronously with the lifting ring 24. Since a cone 22 is provided at the bottom of the extension sleeve 2, and the tip of the cone 22 is vertically facing upwards, when the cleaning brush 21 drops with the lifting ring 24, the lower end of the cleaning brush 21 will contact the upper part of the cone 22, and the cone 22 will be close to the bottom of the lifting ring 24. The lower end of the cleaning brush 21 is guided, and under the guidance of the conical member 22, the cleaning brush 21 arranged at the lower part of the lifting ring 24 gradually opens. When the lifting ring 24 drops to the lowest position, the cleaning brush 21 is fully opened, and then the driving unit 23 is started. The driving unit 23 drives the lifting ring 24 to rotate around the axis of the lifting ring 24 itself, and the opened cleaning brush 21 cleans the bottom of the ship hold. The working area formed by the fully opened cleaning brush 21 during rotation cleaning is circular, and the vertical projection of the operating area of ​​the grab bucket 1 is completely located in the working area of ​​the cleaning brush 21, so the rotating cleaning brush 21 can clean out the materials accumulated in the corners of the ship hold. It is worth noting that when cleaning the corners of the hold with the cleaning brush 21, in order to improve the cleaning efficiency, the grab 1 needs to first move along the extension direction of the bottom corners of the hold, so that the cleaning brush 21 cleans all the accumulated materials in the bottom corners of the hold to the middle of the hold, ensuring that the grab 1 will not be restricted by the side walls of the hold and have a blind spot when grabbing materials. If the cleaning brush 21 only cleans a single corner of the bottom of the hold and then grabs it with the grab 1, the efficiency is low. This is because the grab 1 cannot grab when the cleaning brush 21 is cleaning. Before the grab 1 grabs the material, the cleaning brush 21 needs to be retracted into the extension sleeve 2. When cleaning is needed, the cleaning brush 21 needs to be extended again. Compared with cleaning all the materials in the bottom corners of the hold at one time, the single-point cleaning method is less efficient, and the lifting ring 24 wears more during the lifting process, and the energy consumption is higher.

[0040] By vertically arranging an extension sleeve 2 on one side of the grab bucket 1, and vertically movingly arranging a lifting ring 24 in the extension sleeve 2, and a cleaning brush 21 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring 24, when the grab bucket 1 has a blind spot during the grabbing process, the lifting ring 24 is lowered, and the lifting ring 24 drives the cleaning brush 21 to slide out from the lower part of the extension sleeve 2. At the same time, in order to make the sliding cleaning brush 21 in an open state, a cone 22 is further provided at the bottom of the extension sleeve 2. Guided by the cone 22, when the cleaning brush 21 descends with the lifting ring 24, the cleaning brush 21 can open by itself, so that the ship unloader grab bucket 1 can automatically clean the materials in the corners of the ship hold when grabbing the ship hold, avoiding the grab bucket 1 from being unable to grab the materials due to the working blind spot when grabbing the materials. At the same time, there is no need for the staff and the grab bucket 1 to work at the same time, which not only reduces the workload of the staff, but also avoids the situation where the staff and the grab bucket 1 work at the same time, thereby improving safety.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 An air cavity is present between the lifting ring 24 and the upper portion of the extension sleeve 2. A vent 25 communicating with the air cavity is provided on the upper portion of the extension sleeve 2. An air pump is connected to one side of the vent 25.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 A collar 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the lifting ring 24. The lifting ring 24 and the collar 26 rotate in cooperation. The collar 26 and the inner wall of the extension sleeve 2 slide in cooperation in the vertical direction.

[0043] By providing a collar 26 around the periphery of the lifting ring 24, the lifting ring 24 is prevented from both moving in the vertical direction and rotating around its own axis when descending to the lowest position, thereby improving the sealing performance of the lifting ring 24 during the lifting process. If the collar 26 is not provided around the periphery of the lifting ring 24, when it is necessary to clean the corners of the ship's hold, the lifting ring 24 will be lowered within the extension sleeve 2. When the lifting ring 24 descends to the lowest position, the driving unit 23 drives the lifting ring 24 to rotate around its own axis. Long-term use will cause significant wear on the peripheral wall of the lifting ring 24. Moreover, since the lifting ring 24 needs to rotate around its own axis, a sealing ring cannot be provided around the periphery of the lifting ring 24 for sealing. Otherwise, the sealing ring will be significantly worn when the lifting ring 24 rotates. After the collar 26 is installed, the above situation can be avoided, so that the collar 26 is only responsible for lifting and the lifting ring 24 is only responsible for rotation. At the same time, in order to improve the sealing performance in the air cavity, a sealing ring for sealing can be installed on the periphery of the collar 26 to ensure that the lifting ring 24 can be smoothly lifted and lowered with the collar 26. When the air pump inflates the air into the air cavity through the air vent 25, or discharges the air in the air cavity through the air vent 25, the lifting ring 24 and the collar 26 can lift and lower by themselves. When the collar 26 and the lifting ring 24 drop to the lowest position, the driving unit 23 drives the lifting ring 24 to rotate, and the lifting ring 24 drives the cleaning brush 21 to rotate. The rotating cleaning brush 21 cleans out the materials accumulated in the corners of the ship's hold.

[0044] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9 : A plurality of through holes 221 are evenly opened on the conical member 22 around the axial direction of the conical member 22. The through holes 221 are for the descending cleaning brush 21 to pass through. A blocking shell 222 that moves in the vertical direction is provided below the conical member 22. When the blocking shell 222 rises, it can block the bottom of the through hole 221.

[0045] To ensure that the cleaning brush 21 can smoothly extend from the extension shell, a plurality of through-holes 221 for the cleaning brush 21 to pass through are provided on the conical member 22. However, when the grab bucket 1 is grabbing materials, the bottom of the extension sleeve 2 needs to be inserted into the material. If the blocking shell 222 is not provided below the conical member 22, the material can enter the extension sleeve 2 through the through-holes 221, thereby causing the extension sleeve 2 to be clogged with material and ultimately preventing the cleaning brush 21 from extending normally. With the blocking shell 222 provided, before the grab bucket 1 grabs materials, the blocking shell 222 rises and blocks the through-holes 221, thus preventing the material from entering the extension sleeve 2 through the through-holes 221 when the extension sleeve 2 is inserted.

[0046] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7: A central shaft 223 is provided on the extension sleeve 2 to penetrate and move along the axial direction of the extension sleeve 2, a driving chamber 2231 is opened at the lower part of the central shaft 223, and an extension rod 224 is vertically fixed on the upper part of the blocking shell 222. The extension rod 224 penetrates the conical part 22 and extends into the driving chamber 2231. There is a gap between the upper end of the extension rod 224 and the bottom of the driving chamber 2231. A spring 2232 is vertically provided in the gap, with its two ends fixedly connected to the end of the extension rod 224 and the bottom of the driving chamber 2231 respectively.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 : A first limiting ring 2233 and a second limiting ring 2234 are fixedly arranged on the central shaft 223 from bottom to top. The first limiting ring 2233 is located inside the extension sleeve 2, and the second limiting ring 2234 is located outside the extension sleeve 2. The lifting ring 24 is located below the first limiting ring 2233 and can drive the first limiting ring 2233 to rise synchronously when the lifting ring 24 rises.

[0048] When the lifting ring 24 is in the highest position, the first limiting ring 2233 contacts the upper end of the lifting ring 24, and the central shaft 223 is also in the highest position at this time. The spring 2232 located in the driving chamber 2231 is in a compressed state. Under the action of the spring 2232, the blocking shell 222 is tightly pressed against the bottom of the conical part 22 and blocks the through hole 221. When the grab bucket 1 is grabbing materials, the extension sleeve 2 is inserted into the materials, and the materials will not enter the extension sleeve 2 through the through hole 221. When it is necessary to clean the bottom corner of the ship warehouse, the lifting ring 24 descends, and the center shaft 223 descends synchronously with the first limit ring 2233, and the spring 2232 gradually recovers. When the bottom of the center shaft 223 contacts the upper part of the cone 22, the center shaft 223 stops descending. Before the bottom of the center shaft 223 contacts the upper part of the cone 22, the spring 2232 completes the recovery. After the spring 2232 completes the recovery, the blocking shell 222 and the center shaft 223 descend synchronously, and the blocking shell 222 opens the through hole 221. Then the lifting ring 24 continues to descend, and the cleaning brush 21 extends from the through hole 221. When the lifting ring 24 descends to the lowest position, the lifting ring 24 stops descending.

[0049] Reference Figure 11 : A guide rod 225 is vertically fixed on the upper part of the conical member 22, and the guide rod 225 passes through the bottom of the central shaft 223 and slides with the central shaft 223, and the conical member 22 is rotationally matched with the extension sleeve 2.

[0050] By fixing the guide rod 225 on the upper part of the conical part 22, when the central shaft 223 rotates, the conical part 22 can rotate synchronously with the central shaft 223, thereby avoiding the cleaning brush 21 from slipping out of the through hole 221 during rotation, thereby avoiding damage to the cleaning brush 21 when sliding out of the through hole 221.

[0051] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 11 A rotating chamber 2221 is provided at the bottom of the sealing shell 222, and a rotating member 2222 is rotatably arranged in the rotating chamber 2221. The rotating member 2222 has two working end faces, one of which is horizontal and the other is convex. A rotating driver 2223 for driving the rotating member 2222 to rotate is provided on one side of the rotating member 2222.

[0052] When the extension sleeve 2 is inserted into the material, the rotating part 2222 adopts a raised working end surface, which improves the smoothness of the extension sleeve 2 when inserting the material. When cleaning, the rotating part 2222 switches to a horizontal working end surface to avoid the rotating part 2222 from impacting the bottom of the ship warehouse.

[0053] Reference Figure 5 : A drive groove is vertically opened on the upper part of the central shaft 223, and the drive unit 23 includes a drive shaft 232 that slides with the drive groove. The horizontal cross-section of the drive shaft 232 is a non-circular structure. An annular magnetic driver 231 is provided on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 232, and the lifting ring 24 rotates synchronously with the central shaft 223.

[0054] The annular magnetic driver 231 is used to drive the drive shaft 232 to rotate. Since the horizontal cross-section of the drive shaft 232 is a non-circular structure, and the drive shaft 232 always slides in conjunction with the drive groove, it ensures that when the center shaft 223 drops to the lowest position, the drive shaft 232 can still drive the center shaft 223 to rotate. A sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the center shaft 223 in the vertical direction, and a slider is fixedly provided on the inner ring side wall of the lifting ring 24. The slider slides in conjunction with the sliding groove, so the lifting ring 24 can not only slide in conjunction with the center shaft 223 in the vertical direction, but also rotate synchronously with the center shaft 223 when the center shaft 223 rotates.

[0055] Reference Figures 1-11 The present invention also relates to a control method for a ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding a blind spot, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0056] S1. First, grab the material in the ship's hold with the grab bucket 1. When the material in the ship's hold gradually reaches the bottom, the lifting ring 24 in the extension sleeve 2 descends, and the cleaning brush 21 gradually opens under the guidance of the cone 22.

[0057] S2. When the lifting ring 24 descends to the lowest position, the cleaning brush 21 opens to the maximum state, the driving unit 23 starts, and the lifting ring 24 drives the cleaning brush 21 to rotate. The rotating cleaning brush 21 cleans the materials in the corners of the ship hold;

[0058] S3, the grab bucket 1 moves along the bottom edge of the ship hold, and the cleaning brush 21 cleans all corners of the bottom of the ship hold. Then the lifting ring 24 rises and drives the cleaning brush 21 to retract, and the grab bucket 1 grabs the swept materials.

[0059] Working principle: When in use, first grab the material in the ship's hold through the grab bucket 1. At this time, the lifting ring 24 is at the highest position, and the cleaning brush 21 set on the lifting ring 24 is located in the extension sleeve 2. When the material in the ship's hold gradually reaches the bottom, the lifting ring 24 located in the extension sleeve 2 drops to the lowest position. During the descent of the lifting ring 24, the cleaning brush 21 set at the bottom of the lifting ring 24 drops synchronously with the lifting ring 24. Since the bottom of the extension sleeve 2 is provided with a cone 22, and the tip of the cone 22 is vertically facing upwards, when the cleaning brush 21 drops with the lifting ring 24, the lower end of the cleaning brush 21 will contact the upper part of the cone 22, and the cone 22 will be in contact with the bottom of the lifting ring 24. 2. The lower end of the cleaning brush 21 is guided. Under the guidance of the conical member 22, the cleaning brush 21 arranged at the lower part of the lifting ring 24 is gradually opened. When the lifting ring 24 drops to the lowest position, the cleaning brush 21 is fully opened. Then the driving unit 23 is started, and the driving unit 23 drives the lifting ring 24 to rotate around the axis of the lifting ring 24 itself. The opened cleaning brush 21 cleans the bottom of the ship hold. The working area formed by the fully opened cleaning brush 21 during rotation cleaning is circular. The vertical projection of the operating area of ​​the grab bucket 1 is completely located in the working area of ​​the cleaning brush 21, so the rotating cleaning brush 21 can clean out the materials accumulated in the corners of the ship hold.

[0060] It is worth noting that when cleaning the corners of the hold with the cleaning brush 21, in order to improve the cleaning efficiency, the grab 1 needs to first move along the extension direction of the bottom corners of the hold, so that the cleaning brush 21 cleans all the accumulated materials in the bottom corners of the hold to the middle of the hold, ensuring that the grab 1 will not be restricted by the side walls of the hold and have a blind spot when grabbing materials. If the cleaning brush 21 only cleans a single corner of the bottom of the hold and then grabs it with the grab 1, the efficiency is low. This is because the grab 1 cannot grab when the cleaning brush 21 is cleaning. Before the grab 1 grabs the material, the cleaning brush 21 needs to be retracted into the extension sleeve 2. When cleaning is needed, the cleaning brush 21 needs to be extended again. Compared with cleaning all the materials in the bottom corners of the hold at one time, the single-point cleaning method is less efficient, and the lifting ring 24 wears more during the lifting process, and the energy consumption is higher.

[0061] The above embodiments merely represent one or more embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding a blind grabbing area, comprising a grab bucket (1); It is characterized in that An extension sleeve (2) is vertically arranged on one side of the grab bucket (1), a lifting ring (24) is arranged in the extension sleeve (2) to move in the vertical direction, a plurality of cleaning brushes (21) are vertically arranged at the bottom of the lifting ring (24) around the axis of the lifting ring (24), a conical member (22) with a pointed end facing upward is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the extension sleeve (2), the conical member (22) is used to guide the cleaning brushes (21) to spread out to the surroundings when the lifting ring (24) descends, and a driving unit (23) for driving the lifting ring (24) to rotate is arranged on the upper part of the extension sleeve (2); a plurality of through holes (221) are uniformly opened on the conical member (22) around the axis direction of the conical member (22), the through holes (221) are for the cleaning brushes (21) that are descending to pass through, and a blocking shell (222) is arranged below the conical member (22) to move in the vertical direction, and the blocking shell (222) can block the bottom of the through hole (221) when it rises.

2. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air cavity is provided between the lifting ring (24) and the upper portion of the extension sleeve (2). A vent (25) communicating with the air cavity is provided on the upper portion of the extension sleeve (2). An air pump is connected to one side of the vent (25).

3. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding blind grabbing areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: A collar (26) is provided on the outer sleeve of the lifting ring (24), the lifting ring (24) and the collar (26) are rotationally matched, and the collar (26) and the inner wall of the extension sleeve (2) are slidably matched along the vertical direction.

4. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central shaft (223) is provided on the extension sleeve (2) so as to penetrate and move along the axial direction of the extension sleeve (2), a driving cavity (2231) is provided at the lower portion of the central shaft (223), an extension rod (224) is vertically fixedly provided at the upper portion of the blocking shell (222), the extension rod (224) penetrates the conical member (22) and extends into the driving cavity (2231), a gap is provided between the upper end of the extension rod (224) and the bottom of the driving cavity (2231), and a spring (2232) is vertically provided in the gap, the two ends of the spring being fixedly connected to the end of the extension rod (224) and the bottom of the driving cavity (2231) respectively.

5. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first limiting ring (2233) and a second limiting ring (2234) are fixedly arranged on the central shaft (223) from bottom to top, the first limiting ring (2233) is located inside the extension sleeve (2), and the second limiting ring (2234) is located outside the extension sleeve (2). The lifting ring (24) is located below the first limiting ring (2233) and can drive the first limiting ring (2233) to rise synchronously when the lifting ring (24) rises.

6. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide rod (225) is vertically fixedly provided on the upper portion of the conical member (22). The guide rod (225) passes through the bottom of the central shaft (223) and is slidably engaged with the central shaft (223). The conical member (22) is rotationally engaged with the extension sleeve (2).

7. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding blind grabbing areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating chamber (2221) is provided at the bottom of the blocking shell (222), and a rotating member (2222) is rotatably arranged in the rotating chamber (2221). The rotating member (2222) has two working end faces, one of which is horizontal and the other is convex. A rotary driver (2223) for driving the rotating member (2222) to rotate is provided on one side of the rotating member (2222).

8. The ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding grabbing blind spots according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driving groove is vertically provided on the upper portion of the central shaft (223). The driving unit (23) includes a driving shaft (232) that is slidably engaged with the driving groove. The horizontal cross-section of the driving shaft (232) is a non-circular structure. An annular magnetic driver (231) is provided on the outer periphery of the driving shaft (232). The lifting ring (24) rotates synchronously with the central shaft (223).

9. A method for controlling a ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding a blind grabbing area, using the ship unloader grab bucket capable of avoiding a blind grabbing area according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1. First, the material in the ship's hold is grabbed by the grab bucket (1). When the material in the ship's hold gradually reaches the bottom, the lifting ring (24) in the extension sleeve (2) descends, and the cleaning brush (21) gradually opens under the guidance of the cone (22); S2. When the lifting ring (24) descends to the lowest position, the cleaning brush (21) opens to the maximum state, the driving unit (23) starts, and the lifting ring (24) drives the cleaning brush (21) to rotate. The rotating cleaning brush (21) cleans the materials in the corners of the ship's hold; S3, the grab bucket (1) moves along the bottom edge of the ship warehouse, and the cleaning brush (21) cleans all corners of the bottom of the ship warehouse. Then the lifting ring (24) rises and drives the cleaning brush (21) to retract, and the grab bucket (1) grabs the swept materials.

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