Device and method for simulating oil and gas accumulation and migration path of buried hill oil and gas reservoir

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for simulating oil and gas accumulation and migration paths of buried hill oil and gas reservoirs. The device comprises a model tank, a rotating bearing, a constant-flux pump, a first piston container, a second piston container and a monitoring module, the model groove is filled with granular materials to build a buried hill section model, a plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom of the model groove to simulate oil-gas migration in different directions, and different preset angles are formed between the model groove and the ground by means of rotation of the rotating bearing; the first piston container is used for injecting water into the model tank, the second piston container is used for injecting preset experiment oil into the model tank, the lower parts of the first piston container and the second piston container are connected with the water storage container through constant-flux pumps, and whether water is injected into the model tank or the preset experiment oil is injected into the model tank is determined by controlling a valve switch; the monitoring module is used for shooting and recording the experimental simulation process and experimental data, and by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, the oil and gas gathering and transporting process of the buried hill oil and gas reservoir is simulated in the model tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of oil and gas exploration, and particularly relates to a device and method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir. Background Art

[0002] In the early 20th century, Munn carried out experiments on the influence of flowing water on the distribution of oil in the formation and thus proposed the hydraulic theory of oil migration. Since then, scholars around the world have begun to use physical simulation technology to explain phenomena and demonstrate theories. The current physical simulation technology for oil and gas migration and accumulation conducts experiments in three dimensions: one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional. The research directions include simulating the influence of pore structure and fracture structure on oil and gas migration, simulating the influence mechanism of the wettability of the medium on oil and gas migration, simulating and understanding the dynamic mechanism of oil and gas migration, and simulating the characteristics of oil and gas migration, the distribution characteristics of oil, and the migration and accumulation efficiency, etc.

[0003] Currently, the migration and accumulation simulation devices in the existing technology still have the following defects: For example, when using a glass tube model for physical simulation experiments, the model is too simple, and the oil and gas migration and accumulation scenarios that can be simulated are relatively limited. When using a metal tube model for experiments, the changes in pressure, resistivity, chemical composition, etc. during the experiment can be effectively measured. The disadvantage is that the visualization degree is poor, and the change process of the relevant simulation experiment cannot be directly observed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir, which expands the volume of the model container, can support complex oil and gas physical models, and supports carrying out simulation experiments under certain pressure conditions, with high visualization degree and can monitor the change of the pressure in the model tank during the experiment in real time.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In the first aspect, a device for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir, the device includes a model tank, a rotating bearing, a peristaltic pump, a first piston container, a second piston container, and a monitoring module; different particle-size granular materials are filled in the model tank to build a buried hill profile model, and a number of through holes are provided at the bottom of the model tank to form liquid inlet holes so as to simulate oil and gas migration in different directions. The model tank rotates by relying on the rotating bearing so that the model tank forms different preset angles with the ground;

[0007] The first piston container is used to inject water into the model tank, and the second piston container is used to inject a preset experimental oil into the model tank. The lower parts of the first piston container and the second piston container are both connected to the water storage container through the peristaltic pump. By setting the parameters of the peristaltic pump, the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the oil inlet valve are controlled to determine whether to inject water or the preset experimental oil into the model tank;

[0008] The monitoring module is used to photograph and record the experimental simulation process and experimental data.

[0009] Furthermore, a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are respectively arranged on both sides of the first piston container, and an oil inlet valve and an oil outlet valve are respectively arranged on both sides of the second piston container. The lower parts of the water inlet valve and the oil inlet valve are both connected to the water storage container through the peristaltic pump. By setting the parameters of the peristaltic pump, the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the oil inlet valve are controlled to determine whether to inject water or the preset experimental oil into the model tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the peristaltic pump determines to inject water into the model tank by controlling the opening of the water inlet valve and the closing of the oil inlet valve. The water in the water storage container is injected into the bottom of the first piston container through the peristaltic pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the peristaltic pump determines to inject the preset experimental oil into the model tank by controlling the opening of the oil inlet valve and the closing of the water inlet valve. The water in the water storage container is injected into the bottom of the second piston container through the peristaltic pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the model tank is sealed with a rubber sealing strip, and a first glass plate, a second glass plate and a plexiglass plate are covered on the surface of the model tank until it is completely sealed. The model tank is fixed with a rigid pressing plate and fixing bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the monitoring module includes a camera, a monitor and a monitoring host. The monitoring host is used for brightness adjustment, the camera is used to record the dynamic process of the experimental simulation, the monitor is used to record relevant experimental parameters, and fill light lamps are arranged on both sides of the camera.

[0014] Furthermore, the through hole is filled with a filter screen to prevent the granular material for building the buried hill profile model from leaking out of the hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the preset experimental oil is aviation kerosene mixed evenly with organic red pigment.

[0016] Furthermore, the model tank is made of 316L stainless steel.

[0017] Second aspect, a method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir. The method performs the simulation of the oil and gas accumulation and migration path in the buried hill oil and gas reservoir through a device for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir according to the first aspect of the present invention and any one of its optional embodiments. The method includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Place a rubber sealing strip in the model tank. The sealing strip fits against the inner wall of the model tank. Put the granular material tightly and evenly into the model tank and pile it into a preset shape to build a buried hill profile model;

[0019] S2. Cover the first glass plate, the second glass plate, and the plexiglass plate on the model tank in sequence. Put on the steel body shield frame and cover the steel body gland. Embed and fix the bolts until they are tightened;

[0020] S3. Use the rotating bearing to adjust the angle of the model tank, rotate the model tank to a vertical state with respect to the ground, and detect whether the sealing performance is good;

[0021] S4. Turn on the monitoring module and adjust it to the preset focal length and brightness to make the imaging clearer and more beautiful;

[0022] S5. Select appropriate through holes at the bottom of the model tank as the liquid injection port and the liquid discharge port respectively. The liquid injection port is used to inject water and oil into the model tank, and the liquid discharge port is used to discharge the liquid in the model tank outside the tank. Turn on the peristaltic pump, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the first piston container to inject water into the model tank until it is completely saturated;

[0023] S6. Pause the peristaltic pump, close the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the first piston container, open the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the second piston container to inject the preset experimental oil into the model tank, displace water with oil. When oil flows out of the collection container at the liquid discharge port, turn off the peristaltic pump and complete the experiment, and record the process and relevant parameters.

[0024] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: The device and method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir disclosed by the present invention simulate the hydrocarbon source rock oil generation layer, reservoir, cap rock and drainage layer fault by laying granular experimental materials with different particle sizes in the simulation tank, and simulate the oil and gas migration in different directions by setting multiple liquid injection ports in the model tank. By simulating the existence state of the underground buried hill in the model and recording the oil and gas migration and accumulation process during the experiment. The volume of the simulation device is enlarged, different migration models can be set for experimental simulation, the oil and gas migration and accumulation simulation experiment under multiple boundary conditions can be realized, and the rotating bearing is used to make the model tank form a certain angle with the ground to support the oil and gas migration and accumulation simulation experiment at multiple angles. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of a device for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration paths in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the plan view of the internal structure of the model tank in;

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the side sectional view of the model tank in;

[0028] Figure 4 is the simulation pattern diagram obtained by simulating with a device for the oil and gas accumulation and migration paths of a composite buried hill oil and gas reservoir shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Wherein: 1 - model tank, 2 - first piston container, 3 - second piston container, 4 - water outlet valve, 5 - oil outlet valve, 6 - water inlet valve, 7 - oil inlet valve, 8 - advection pump, 9 - water storage container, 10 - rotating bearing, 11 - first supplementary light, 12 - second supplementary light, 13 - camera, 14 - monitor, 15 - monitoring host, 16 - collection container; 21 - steel body frame, 22 - sealing strip, 23 - through hole, 24 - bolt hole; 33 - first glass plate, 34 - second glass plate, 35 - shield frame, 36 - plexiglass plate, 37 - pressing plate, 38 - fixing bolt; 41 - simulated hydrocarbon source rock layer, 42 - simulated impermeable formation, 43 - simulated drainage fault, L1, L2 - simulated reservoir, L3, L4 - simulated ultra-low permeability formation, 44 - liquid injection port, 45 - liquid discharge port. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed implementation manners.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a device for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration paths in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir, including a model tank 1, a rotating bearing 10, an advection pump 8, at least two piston containers (the first piston container 2 and the second piston container 3) and a monitoring module.

[0033] The at least two piston containers include the first piston container 2 and the second piston container 3. The first piston container 2 is used to inject water into the model tank 1, and the second piston container 3 is used to inject a preset experimental oil into the model tank 1.

[0034] An inlet water valve 6 and an outlet water valve 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first piston container 2, and an inlet oil valve 7 and an outlet oil valve 5 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second piston container 3. The upper part of the piston in the first piston container 2 is filled with water, and the upper part of the piston in the second piston container 3 is filled with a preset experimental oil. In an optional implementation manner, the preset experimental oil is aviation kerosene mixed evenly with an organic red pigment.

[0035] The lower parts of the inlet water valve 6 and the inlet oil valve 7 are both connected to a water storage container 9 through a peristaltic pump 8. By setting parameters for the peristaltic pump 8, whether to inject water or oil is determined by controlling the opening and closing of the inlet water valve 6 and the inlet oil valve 7. The water in the water storage container 9 is injected into the bottom of the first piston container 2 or the second piston container 3 through the peristaltic pump 8.

[0036] The monitoring module is used to photograph and record the experimental process and experimental data. The monitoring module includes a camera 13, a monitor 14, and a monitoring host 15. Fill light lamps (a first fill light lamp 11 and a second fill light lamp 12) are arranged on both sides of the camera 13.

[0037] As Figure 2 As shown, to ensure that no obvious deformation occurs during the experimental pressurization process, a steel frame 21 is sleeved outside the model tank 1, and the rubber sealing strip 22 is used to seal the four sides of the model tank 1, and through holes 23 are evenly drilled at the bottom of the tank. A number of bolt holes 24 are evenly distributed around the steel frame 21. Granular materials with different particle sizes are filled in the model tank 1 to build a buried hill profile model, forming a source rock layer, a mudstone layer, a fault, and a reservoir, where the fault can be used as an occlusion layer or a drainage layer according to different experimental purposes.

[0038] The model tank 1 is made of 316L stainless steel. A steel frame 21 is sleeved outside the model tank 1. In an optional implementation manner, the size of the steel frame 21 of the model tank 1 is 600 mm in length × 400 mm in width × 40 mm in height, and the inner cavity size (effective simulation range) is 500 mm in length × 300 mm in width × 20 mm in depth. A filter screen is filled in the through hole 23 to effectively prevent the granular material from leaking out of the hole. The filter screen is made of hard sponge material. In an optional implementation manner, the diameter of the through hole 23 is 5 mm.

[0039] As Figure 3 As shown, the first glass plate 33, the second glass plate 34, and the organic glass plate 36 are covered on the surface of the model tank 1 for sealing, and the steel frame 21 is fixed by a pressing plate 37 and fixing bolts 38. The model tank 1 is rotated to be perpendicular to the ground by relying on a rotating bearing 10, and through holes corresponding to the designed model are selected from the through holes 23 at the bottom of the tank as the liquid injection port 44 and the liquid discharge port 45 respectively.

[0040] In an alternative embodiment, the first glass plate 33 and the second glass plate 34 are both tempered glass with a thickness of 30 mm, and the organic glass plate 36 is made of resin glass with a thickness of 25 mm.

[0041] The first glass plate 33 and the second glass plate 34 are both tempered glass with a thickness of 30 mm and have dimensions of 500 mm × 300 mm.

[0042] The first glass plate 33 and the second glass plate 34 shall comply with the Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China "Technical Code for Application of Building Glass". The design of the glass plates shall meet the following requirements:

[0043] δ ≤ fg

[0044] Where δ is the design value of the maximum bending stress of the glass cross-sectional area generated by the water pressure; fg is the design value of the strength of the underwater glass;

[0045] The design value of the maximum bending stress and the maximum deflection of the rectangular glass supported on four sides shall meet:

[0046]

[0047] Where δ is the design value of the maximum bending stress of the glass cross-sectional area generated by the water pressure; u is the maximum deflection at the middle of the glass surface; ρ is the liquid density; H is the water depth; L is the span; t is the thickness of a single glass sheet; n is the number of single glass sheets forming the laminated glass; α5, β5 are coefficients related to the ratio of the glass side lengths.

[0048] Place a rubber sealing frame around the inside of the model tank 1 so that the sealing frame can fit well with the first glass plate 33 and the second glass plate 34, ensuring the integrity of the instrument seal and no water leakage.

[0049] The rubber sealing frame has dimensions of 500 mm in length × 300 mm in width × 10 mm in depth and a thickness of 5 mm.

[0050] In an alternative embodiment, the filling granular material is quartz sand or glass beads with a wetting angle close to 0°, and the particle size range is 0.1 mm - 4 mm.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, the supplementary light is a 200-watt LED bulb, and the brightness is adjusted through the monitoring host.

[0052] Considering that there is no essential difference in the law of the accumulation location and migration pattern of oil and gas in the buried hill carbonate rock reservoir compared with quartz sandstone, quartz sand with different particle sizes and an approximate wetting angle of 0° is selected for simulation, such as Figure 4As shown in the figure, 41 is simulated as a hydrocarbon source rock formation, and the selected material is black quartz sand with a size of 1 mm - 2 mm; 42 is simulated as an impermeable formation, and the selected material is gray plasticine; 43 is simulated as a drainage fault, and the selected material is white quartz sand with a size of 0.5 mm - 1 mm; L1 is simulated as an oil reservoir at the top of the buried hill, and L2 is simulated as an oil reservoir inside the buried hill. The selected material for both is white quartz sand with a size of 1 - 2 mm. L3 and L4 are simulated as low-permeability formations, and the selected material is white quartz sand with a size of 0.1 mm - 0.5 mm. 44 is selected as the liquid injection port, and 45 is selected as the liquid drainage port.

[0053] The piston containers (the first piston container 2 and the second piston container 3) are connected to the liquid injection port 44 through a conduit, and a liquid is injected into the model tank 1 by using a peristaltic pump 8; the liquid drainage port 45 is connected to the collection container 16 through a conduit. The capacity of the piston container is 4 L, and the selected material is 316L stainless steel. The peristaltic pump 8 is set with a maximum flow rate of 20 ml / min and a maximum pressure of 1.5 MPa.

[0054] Example Two

[0055] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir. The method simulates the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of the buried hill oil and gas reservoir through a device for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir provided in Embodiment One of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Place a rubber sealing strip 22 in the model tank 1. The sealing strip 22 fits against the inner wall of the model tank 1. Put the debris particle material tightly and evenly into the model tank 1 and pile it into a preset shape to build a buried hill profile model.

[0057] The rubber sealing strip 22 has a service life. Before injecting water and oil, it is necessary to first check whether the device is well sealed and whether there is a water leakage phenomenon. If there is a water leakage, the rubber sealing strip 22 should be replaced in time or the thickness of the built buried hill profile model should be adjusted.

[0058] Select particle materials with different particle sizes to fill the model tank according to the preset model, ensuring that the particle materials are filled tightly and do not exceed the thickness of the rubber sealing strip 22.

[0059] S2. Cover the first glass plate 33, the second glass plate 34, and the organic glass plate 36 on the model tank 1 in sequence. Put on the steel body shield frame 35 and cover the steel body pressing cover 37. Insert the fixing bolt 38 and tighten it until it is firm.

[0060] S3. Use the rotating bearing 10 to adjust the angle of the model tank 1, rotate the model tank 1 to a vertical state with the ground, and detect whether the sealing is good.

[0061] S4. Turn on the monitoring module and adjust it to the preset focal length and brightness to make the imaging clearer and more beautiful.

[0062] S5. Select appropriate through holes 23 at the bottom of the model tank 1 as the liquid injection port 44 and the liquid discharge port 45 respectively. The liquid injection port 44 is used to inject water and oil into the model tank 1, and the liquid discharge port 45 is used to discharge the liquid in the model tank 1 out of the tank. Turn on the advection pump 8, the water inlet valve 6 and the water outlet valve 4 of the first piston container 2 to inject water into the model tank 1 until it is completely saturated.

[0063] S6. Pause the advection pump 8, close the water inlet valve 6 and the water outlet valve 4 of the first piston container 2, turn on the oil inlet valve 7 and the oil outlet valve 5 of the second piston container 3 to inject aviation kerosene mixed evenly with organic red pigment into the model tank 1 to displace water with oil. When kerosene flows out of the collection container 16 at the liquid discharge port 45, turn off the advection pump 8 and complete the experiment, and record the process and related parameters.

[0064] In order to ensure stable and clear imaging of the monitoring module, during the experiment, it is necessary to turn on the supplementary light lamps (the first supplementary light lamp 11 and the second supplementary light lamp 12) to assist in shooting, and adjust the switch, brightness and control the camera 13 through the monitoring host 15 for shooting, and the imaging result is displayed on the monitor 14.

[0065] Both water injection and kerosene injection are carried out in a fixed flow rate manner under the control of the advection pump 8. Among them, the water injection flow rate is 20 ml / min; the oil injection flow rate is 15 ml / min, and the flow rate of the discharged liquid is basically the same as the injection flow rate.

[0066] When injecting and discharging the liquid, it should be ensured that the fluid migrates along the granular material in the fabricated model to prevent it from flowing along the inner wall of the model tank and along the surface of the first glass plate. The control of the migration and accumulation of oil and gas can be achieved by controlling the particle size of the quartz sand used to simulate the fault and the position of the liquid discharge port. For example, white quartz sand with a mixed particle size of 0.1 - 0.5 mm and 0.5 - 1 mm is used to characterize the drainage ability of the fault and play a role in controlling the accumulation location of oil and gas.

[0067] It can be seen from the above embodiments that an apparatus and method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of buried hill oil and gas reservoirs disclosed by the present invention, on the basis of the existing migration and accumulation simulation device, aims at the defect that the previous experimental model device is relatively simple, expands the volume of the simulation device, and supports the oil and gas migration and accumulation simulation experiments under multiple angles and multi-boundary conditions; aiming at the defect that the previous experimental model device has poor visualization, toughened glass plates and organic glass plates with high tolerance are adopted, greatly improving the visualization of oil and gas migration and accumulation, and at the same time ensuring that the oil and gas migration and accumulation simulation experiments can be carried out under certain pressure conditions.

[0068] The device and method described in the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of the present invention also fall within the scope of the technical innovation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration paths in buried hill oil and gas reservoirs, characterized in that: The device includes a model tank, a rotating bearing, an advection pump, a first piston container, a second piston container, and a monitoring module; different-sized granular materials are filled in the model tank to build a buried hill profile model, and a number of through holes are provided at the bottom of the model tank to form liquid inlet holes so as to simulate oil and gas migration in different directions. The model tank rotates by means of the rotating bearing to make the model tank form different preset angles with the ground; The first piston container is used to inject water into the model tank, and the second piston container is used to inject a preset experimental oil into the model tank. The lower parts of the first piston container and the second piston container are both connected to a water storage container through the advection pump. By setting parameters of the advection pump, the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the oil inlet valve are controlled to determine whether to inject water or the preset experimental oil into the model tank; The monitoring module is used to photograph and record the experimental simulation process and experimental data.

2. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration paths in buried hill hydrocarbon reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein: A water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are respectively arranged on both sides of the first piston container, and an oil inlet valve and an oil outlet valve are respectively arranged on both sides of the second piston container. The lower parts of the water inlet valve and the oil inlet valve are both connected to the water storage container through the advection pump. By setting parameters of the advection pump, the opening and closing of the water inlet valve and the oil inlet valve are controlled to determine whether to inject water or the preset experimental oil into the model tank.

3. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration path in a buried hill hydrocarbon reservoir according to claim 2, wherein: The advection pump determines to inject water into the model tank by controlling the water inlet valve to open and the oil inlet valve to close, and the water in the water storage container is injected into the bottom of the first piston container through the advection pump.

4. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration paths in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir according to claim 2, characterized in that: The advection pump determines to inject the preset experimental oil into the model tank by controlling the oil inlet valve to open and the water inlet valve to close, and the water in the water storage container is injected into the bottom of the second piston container through the advection pump.

5. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration path in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model tank is sealed with a rubber sealing strip, and a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and a plexiglass plate are covered on the surface of the model tank until it is completely sealed. The model tank is fixed with a rigid pressing plate and fixing bolts.

6. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration path in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: The monitoring module includes a camera, a monitor, and a monitoring host. The monitoring host is used for brightness adjustment, the camera is used for recording the dynamic process of the experimental simulation, and the monitor is used for recording relevant experimental parameters. Fill light lamps are arranged on both sides of the camera.

7. A device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration paths in a buried hill oil and gas reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is filled in the through hole to prevent the granular materials for building the buried hill profile model from leaking out of the hole.

8. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration paths in buried hill hydrocarbon reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein: The preset experimental oil is aviation kerosene mixed evenly with organic red pigment.

9. The device for simulating the hydrocarbon accumulation and migration path of a buried hill hydrocarbon reservoir according to claim 1, wherein: The model tank is made of 316L stainless steel.

10. A method for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir. The method simulates the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir by using a device for simulating the oil and gas accumulation and migration path of a buried hill oil and gas reservoir according to any one of claims 1-9. The method includes the following steps: S1. Place a rubber sealing strip in the model tank, make the sealing strip fit with the inner wall of the model tank, tightly and evenly put the granular materials into the model tank, and pile them into a preset shape to build a buried hill profile model; S2. Cover the first glass plate, the second glass plate, and the organic glass plate onto the model tank in sequence, put on the steel body shield frame, cover the steel body gland, and tighten the embedded fixing bolts until they are firm. S3. Use the rotating bearing to adjust the angle of the model tank, rotate the model tank to a vertical state with the ground, and detect whether the sealing performance is good. S4. Turn on the monitoring module and adjust it to the preset focal length and brightness to make the imaging clearer and more beautiful. S5. Select appropriate through holes at the bottom of the model tank as the liquid injection port and the liquid discharge port respectively. The liquid injection port is used to inject water and oil into the model tank, and the liquid discharge port is used to discharge the liquid in the model tank out of the tank. Turn on the peristaltic pump, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the first piston container to inject water into the model tank until it is completely saturated. S6. Pause the peristaltic pump, close the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the first piston container, open the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the second piston container to inject the preset experimental oil into the model tank, displace water with oil, and when oil flows out from the collection container at the liquid discharge port, turn off the peristaltic pump and complete the experiment, record the process and relevant parameters.

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