Method and device for calculating full-life-cycle carbon footprint of LNG cold energy power generation system

Abstract

The invention relates to an LNG cold energy power generation system full life cycle carbon footprint calculation method and device, and the method comprises the steps: determining the characteristic value of equipment according to the application condition parameters of the system, and the characteristic value comprises the material used in production and the filling amount of a cycle working medium; according to the characteristic value of the equipment, determining the complete-cycle carbon emission of all the equipment; according to the filling amount of the cycle working medium, the leakage amount of the cycle working medium in the whole life cycle of the system is determined, and the equivalent carbon emission generated by leakage of the cycle working medium is calculated based on the leakage amount; calculating equivalent carbon emission reduction generated by the system generating capacity according to the system full-life-cycle generating capacity and the carbon emission factor of the region where the system is located; and calculating the full-life-cycle carbon footprint of the system based on the full-cycle carbon emission of all equipment, the equivalent carbon emission generated by the leakage of the cycle working medium and the equivalent carbon emission reduction generated by the generating capacity of the system. According to the method, scientific calculation of the carbon footprint of the LNG power generation system is achieved, and the obtained calculation result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of industrial system carbon evaluation methods, and in particular to a calculation method and device for the full life cycle carbon footprint of an LNG cold energy power generation system. Background Art

[0002] LNG cold energy power generation is a power generation system that uses the cold energy of LNG as a low-temperature heat source and seawater as a high-temperature heat source without consuming fossil energy. ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) is the most common form of LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy power generation. Although LNG cold energy power generation does not have direct carbon emissions, carbon emissions will also be generated during the manufacturing, production, recycling, etc. of system equipment. In addition, due to the inevitable leakage of the circulating working fluid in the ORC loop during operation, these circulating working fluids are often greenhouse gases, and the leakage of the circulating working fluid also needs to be equivalent to carbon emissions.

[0003] Existing carbon evaluation methods for LNG cold energy power generation systems often only use the power supply of the system to calculate carbon emission reduction, without considering the carbon emissions throughout the process of equipment and the equivalent carbon emissions caused by the leakage of the circulating working fluid. Therefore, it is impossible to truly and comprehensively evaluate the carbon of the LNG cold energy power generation system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a calculation method and device for the full life cycle carbon footprint of an LNG cold energy power generation system, aiming to improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the carbon evaluation of the LNG cold energy power generation system.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The present invention provides a calculation method for the full life cycle carbon footprint of an LNG cold energy power generation system. The system uses an ORC loop, which uses seawater as a high-temperature heat source, LNG as a low-temperature heat source, and an organic working fluid as a circulating working fluid. The carbon footprint calculation method includes:

[0007] Determine the characteristic values of the equipment according to the application condition parameters of the system, including the materials used during production and the filling amount of the circulating working fluid;

[0008] Determine the total carbon emissions G of all equipment according to the characteristic values of the equipment eq , where G eq,i is the total carbon emissions of the i-th equipment in the system, i is a natural number, and z is the total number of equipment; the total carbon emissions of each equipment in the system is the sum of the carbon emissions of the equipment in the raw material acquisition stage, manufacturing and assembly stage, transportation stage, use stage, and recycling stage;

[0009] Determine the leakage amount O of the circulating working fluid within the full life cycle of the system according to the filling amount of the circulating working fluid out , based on O out Calculate the equivalent carbon emission amount G generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid O = O out GWP O , where GWP O is the global warming potential value of the circulating working fluid;

[0010] Calculate the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount generated by the system power generation according to the system full life cycle power generation amount E and the carbon emission factor F of the region where it is located;

[0011] Based on the full life cycle carbon emissions of all the devices, the equivalent carbon emission amount generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid, and the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount generated by the system power generation, calculate the full life cycle carbon footprint of the system.

[0012] A further technical solution is:

[0013] The leakage amount O of the circulating working fluid out is calculated by the following formula:

[0014] O out = O cycle ·α out ·year

[0015] In the formula, O cycle is the filling amount of the circulating working fluid; α out is the annual leakage rate of the circulating working fluid; year is the number of years of system operation.

[0016] For the device eq1 in the system, obtain its carbon emission amount G in the raw material acquisition stage based on the database eq1,M ; if it cannot be obtained based on the database, calculate G according to the following formula eq1,M :

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, M i , E j , n, m are the consumption amount of the i-th type of raw material, the consumption amount of the j-th type of energy, the number of categories of all consumed raw materials, and the number of categories of all consumed energy in the raw material acquisition stage of the device eq1; MEF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of raw material; EF j is the emission factor of the j-th type of energy; η is the comprehensive utilization rate of raw materials and energy.

[0019] For the device eq1 in the system, obtain its carbon emission amount G in the manufacturing and assembly stage based on the databaseeq1,P ; If it cannot be obtained based on the database, calculate G through the following formula eq1,P :

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, E i , O j , n, and m are the consumption of the i-th type of energy, the amount of the j-th type of greenhouse gas released, the total number of all types of energy consumed, and the number of types of greenhouse gases released by the equipment eq1 during the manufacturing and assembly stages; EF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of energy; GWP j is the global warming potential value of the j-th type of greenhouse gas released; η is the energy utilization rate.

[0022] For the equipment eq1 in the system, its carbon emission G during the transportation stage eq1,T is calculated according to the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, M i , D i , EF i are the load weight, transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle in the i-th transportation process of the equipment eq1 during the transportation stage; O j , GWP j are the emissions and global warming potential values of the j-th type of greenhouse gas of the equipment eq1 during the transportation stage; p is the total number of transportation processes; q is the number of types of greenhouse gases.

[0025] For the equipment eq1 in the system, its carbon emission G during the usage stage eq1,U is calculated according to the following formula:

[0026] G eq1,U = E × T W × 365 × EF

[0027] In the formula, E is the actual daily power consumption; T W is the number of operating years; EF is the local electricity emission factor.

[0028] For the equipment eq1 in the system, obtain its carbon emission G during the recycling stage based on the database eq1,R ; If it cannot be obtained based on the database, calculate G through the following formula eq1,R :

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, M i , E j, n, and m are the recovery amount of the i-th type of substance, the consumption amount of the j-th type of energy, the total types of substances recovered, and the number of types of energy consumed by the device eq1 during the recovery stage; MEF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of substance; EF j is the emission factor of the j-th type of energy.

[0031] Calculating the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount generated by the system's power generation based on the system's full-life cycle power generation amount E and the carbon emission factor F of the region where it is located, including:

[0032] Calculating the system's full-life cycle power generation amount E based on the system's net external output power P:

[0033] E = P × T using × year

[0034] In the formula, T using is the annual utilization hours of the system, and year is the number of years the system operates;

[0035] The equivalent carbon emission reduction amount G generated by the system's power generation I is calculated by the following formula:

[0036] G I = EF.

[0037] The application condition parameters include LNG parameters, working fluid parameters, and equipment parameters.

[0038] The present invention also provides a device for implementing the full-life cycle carbon footprint calculation method of the LNG cold energy power generation system.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] Based on the actual situation of LNG cold energy power generation, the present invention improves the boundary of the carbon emission accounting system, thereby establishing a complete full-life cycle carbon footprint calculation model for the LNG cold energy power generation system, realizing the scientific calculation of the carbon footprint of the LNG power generation system, and the obtained calculation results are more accurate.

[0041] The present invention fully considers the carbon emissions of each device in the system during the whole process and the equivalent carbon emissions caused by the leakage of the circulating working fluid, combined with the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount of the full-life cycle power generation of the LNG power generation system, thereby establishing a complete carbon evaluation calculation method for the LNG cold energy power generation system, achieving the purpose of more scientifically and effectively evaluating the carbon benefit of the LNG power generation system.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1Schematic flow chart of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1, turbine; 2, condenser; 3, pump; 4, evaporator. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] The following describes the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] This embodiment provides a method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of an LNG cold energy power generation system. Refer to Figure 2 , the LNG cold energy power generation system adopts an ORC (organic Rankine cycle system) loop, which includes a turbine 1, a condenser 2, a pump 3, and an evaporator 4. The evaporator 4 uses seawater as the high-temperature heat source, and the condenser 2 uses LNG as the low-temperature heat source. The organic working fluid circulates in the loop, and the generator is driven by the turbine 1 to generate electricity.

[0048] Refer to Figure 1 , the method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Determine the characteristic values of the equipment according to the application condition parameters of the system, including the materials used during production, the energy consumed during manufacturing and assembly, and the filling amount of the circulating working fluid, etc.

[0050] The application condition parameters include LNG parameters, working fluid parameters, equipment parameters, etc. As a preferred method, the application condition parameters in this embodiment are as follows:

[0051] (1) The rated LNG flow rate m LNG is 360 t / h, that is, 100 kg / s; the LNG input temperature T LNG,in is -162 °C; the LNG input pressure P LNG,in is 9 Mpa; the LNG component composition is: nitrogen 0.07%, methane 88.77%, ethane 7.54%, propane 2.59%, butane 0.56%, isobutane 0.45%, pentane 0.01%, isopentane 0.01%.

[0052] (2) The heat exchanger adopts a shell-and-tube structure. For the condenser, LNG is on the tube side and the working fluid is on the shell side; for the evaporator, the working fluid is on the shell side and seawater is on the tube side. In this embodiment, the influence of the tube wall thickness is ignored, that is, the heat transfer area on the tube side is the same as that on the shell side.

[0053] (3) Parameters of the shell-and-tube condenser: tube diameter d, number of tubes N, tube pitch t, baffle spacing B, shell diameter D, and heat transfer coefficient α of the wall wallSpecific parameter settings are as follows: tube diameter is 16 mm, number of tubes is 4000, tube pitch is 25 mm, baffle spacing is 415 mm, shell diameter is 1686 mm, and thermal conductivity of the wall is 50 W / (m℃).

[0054] (4) The heat source in the evaporator is seawater. During the non-heating period, the temperature T sw is 20°C, and during the non-heating period, the temperature T sw is 10°C. The heat transfer end difference of the evaporator is ΔT = 5°C. Since seawater is a huge and inexpensive heat source, the seawater flow rate can be freely adjusted by a seawater pump, and this process is not the key content of this embodiment, so it is ignored; in this embodiment, the evaporator always heats the working fluid to a determined temperature determined by the seawater temperature and the heat transfer end difference of the evaporator.

[0055] (5) The type of ORC working fluid is R290. When there is no superheat in the steam entering the turbine, its efficiency is the highest. Therefore, this setting is adopted in the design conditions of this embodiment, that is, the state at the turbine inlet is saturated vapor. The state at the pump inlet is saturated liquid. To avoid vacuum, the condensation pressure P tur,out is set to the ambient pressure of 0.1 Mpa.

[0056] (6) Ignore the pressure loss and heat loss of the working fluid during transportation and in the heat exchanger.

[0057] (7) The rated efficiency of the turbine is η tur = 0.8, dimensionless. The rated efficiency of the pump is η p = 0.8, dimensionless. The efficiency of the generator is 0.95. The designed operating life cycle of the system is 25 years. The leakage rate of the circulating working fluid is 5% / year.

[0058] (8) The designed power of the turbine is 6.1 MW, the designed power of the pump is 0.1 MW, the designed output power of the system is 6 MW, and the heat transfer area of the system is 25450 m 2 .

[0059] In this embodiment, only consider the carbon emissions of the heat exchanger, pump and turbine, ignore the connecting pipes and valves, and at the same time simplify the heat exchanger, pump and turbine to pure steel materials. The filling mass of the organic working fluid is 5.57 kg / kW based on the power output generated by the generator. The steel mass required for the turbine is 31.22 kg of steel / kW based on power production. The mass of the pump is 14 kg of steel / kW based on power consumption.

[0060] Therefore, for the system in this embodiment, the characteristic values of the equipment specifically include: the filling mass of the organic working fluid is 33.98 tons; the materials used in equipment production: the steel mass required for the turbine is 190.44 tons; the steel mass required for the pump is 1.4 tons; the steel mass required for the heat exchanger is 199.89 tons, that is, the total steel mass required for the evaporator and condenser is 199.89 tons; the types of energy consumed during the manufacturing and assembly stages of the heat exchanger, pump, etc., including electric energy, gas welding gas, etc.

[0061] S2. Based on the characteristic values of the equipment, determine the carbon emissions G of each equipment in the raw material acquisition stage, manufacturing and assembly stage, transportation stage, use stage, and recycling stage eq , kgCO2, specifically including:

[0062] S21. First, for the heat exchanger (evaporator + condenser), calculate its carbon emissions:

[0063] S211. The heat exchanger consumes a total of 199.89 tons of steel in the raw material acquisition stage. Referring to the emission factor of the BOF steelmaking method in the IPCC-2019 database as 1.58 kgCO2 / kg, calculate the carbon emissions of the pump in the raw material acquisition stage:

[0064] 199.89×1.58 = 315.8262 tons of CO2

[0065] S212. Referring to the emission factor of seamless steel pipe - steel material in the CPCD database as 0.32 kgCO2 / kg, calculate the carbon emissions of the heat exchanger in the manufacturing and assembly stage:

[0066] 199.89×0.32 = 63.9648 tons of CO2

[0067] S213. Assume that the heat exchanger has only one transportation process, and the transportation distance in this process is 187 km; the carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle for transporting products in this transportation process is 2.377×10 -2 kg CO2 / (kmkg), calculate the carbon emissions of the heat exchanger in the transportation stage:

[0068] 199.89×187×2.377×10 -2 = 888.509 tons of CO2

[0069] S214. Since the carbon emissions caused by the energy consumption during equipment operation as plant electricity are not directly emitted into the atmosphere, and in this embodiment, the carbon emission reduction corresponding to the generated electricity is calculated through the external power supply amount, so the carbon emissions of the heat exchanger in the use stage are treated as 0 in this embodiment.

[0070] S215. The emission factor during the recovery process of the heat exchanger in the reference literature is 0.07 kgCO2 / kg. Determine the carbon emissions of the heat exchanger during the recovery stage:

[0071] 199.89 × 0.07 = 13.9923 tons of CO2

[0072] S216. The total carbon emissions of the heat exchanger over its entire life cycle are:

[0073] 315.8262 + 63.9648 + 888.509 + 13.9923 = 1282.2923 tons of CO2

[0074] S22. Secondly, for the pump in the system, calculate its carbon emissions:

[0075] S221. Based on the raw materials of the pump consisting of 1.4 tons of steel, including 1 ton of alloy steel and 0.4 tons of cast iron, and CO2 being emitted during the smelting process for raw material acquisition, calculate the carbon emissions of the pump during the raw material acquisition stage:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula, G eq1,M is the carbon emissions of the pump during the raw material acquisition stage, kgCO2; M i is the consumption of the i-th type of raw material, kg; E j is the consumption of the j-th type of energy, kg; MEF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of raw material, kgCO2 / kg; EF j is the emission factor of the j-th type of energy, kgCO2 / kg; η is the comprehensive utilization rate of raw materials and energy, a dimensionless quantity, and takes the value of 0.95 in this embodiment.

[0078] S222. Based on the energy consumed during the manufacturing and assembly process of the pump being electricity and gas for gas welding, calculate the carbon emissions of the pump during the manufacturing and assembly stage:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula: G eq1,P is the carbon emissions of the equipment pump during the manufacturing and assembly stage, kgCO2; E i is the consumption of the i-th type of energy consumed during the manufacturing and assembly process, kg; O j is the amount of the j-th type of greenhouse gas released, kg; EF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of energy, kgCO2 / kg; GWP j is the global warming potential value of the j-th type of greenhouse gas released, a dimensionless quantity; η is the energy utilization rate, a dimensionless quantity, and takes the value of 0.95 in this calculation example.

[0081] S223. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the pump has only one transportation process, and the transportation distance in this process is 200 kilometers; a truck is used for transportation, and the truck consumes diesel. Calculate the carbon emissions of the pump during the transportation stage:

[0082]

[0083] S224. Similarly, the energy consumption during the operation of the equipment in this embodiment is used as plant electricity, and the resulting carbon emissions are not directly emitted into the atmosphere. Therefore, the carbon emissions of the pump during the use stage are treated as 0.

[0084] S225. According to the raw material composition of the pump: 1.4 tons of steel, including 1 ton of alloy steel and 0.4 tons of cast iron, and the gas released during the recycling process is CO2, determine the carbon emissions of the pump during the recycling stage:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula: G eq1,R is the carbon emissions of equipment eq1 during the recycling stage, kgCO2; M i is the recycling amount of the i-th type of raw material during the recycling process, kg; E j is the energy consumption of the j-th type during the recycling process, kg; MEF i is the emission factor of the i-th substance, kgCO2 / kg; EF j is the emission factor of the j-th type of energy, kgCO2 / kg.

[0087] S226. The total carbon emissions of the pump throughout its life cycle are:

[0088] G eq,1 = G eq1,M + G eq1,P + G eq1,T + G eq1,U + G eq1,R = 1.82 + 0.35 + 7.0588 + 0 + 0.11 = 9.3388 tons of CO2

[0089] S3. In this embodiment, since both the pump and the turbine are rotary pressure machines and have similar structures, the turbine and the pump are treated identically. For the calculation process, refer to S21 and S22. Then, sum up the carbon emissions of each equipment throughout its life cycle:

[0090]

[0091] The above formula means that sum up the carbon emissions G eq,1 、G eq,2 、……、G eq,z corresponding to z pieces of equipment eq1, eq2, ……, eq z within the system. It can be understood that in this embodiment, z = 4.

[0092] S4. Determine the leakage of the circulating refrigerant R290 during the entire life cycle of the system O out :

[0093] O out = O cycle ·α out ·year = 33.98×5%×25 = 42.475 tons of R290

[0094] Where: O cycle is the filling amount of the circulating refrigerant, in tons; α out is the annual leakage rate of the circulating refrigerant, % / year; year is the number of years the system operates, in years.

[0095] Calculate the equivalent carbon emissions G caused by the leakage of the circulating refrigerant O :

[0096] G O = O out GWP O = 42.475×3 = 127.425 tons of CO2

[0097] Where: GWP O is the global warming potential value of the circulating refrigerant, a dimensionless quantity. In this example, the GWP of R290 is 3.

[0098] S5. Calculate the power output to the external power grid during the entire life cycle of the system:

[0099] E = P×T using ×year = 6×24×365×0.8×25 = 1.0512×10 9 kWh

[0100] Where: E is the power output to the external power grid during the entire life cycle of the system, in kWh; P is the net external output power of the system, in kW; T using is the annual utilization hours of the system, in h. year is the number of years the system operates, in years.

[0101] According to the carbon emission factor F of the region, kgCO2 / kWh, calculate the carbon emission reduction G of the LNG power generation system I :

[0102] G I = EF = 1.0512×10 9 ×0.5568 = 5.85308×10 8 kgCO2 = 5.85308×10 5 tons of CO2

[0103] In this embodiment, the average carbon dioxide emission factor of the national electricity in 2021, 0.5568 kgCO2 / kWh, is selected as the carbon emission factor F of the local area for calculation.

[0104] S6. The life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system is:

[0105] 127.425 + 2561.974 - 5.85308×10 5 = -5.82618×10 5 tons of CO2

[0106] The life cycle carbon footprint of the system is -5.82618×10 5 tons of CO2, which can achieve a carbon dioxide emission reduction of 5.82618×10 5 tons.

[0107] This embodiment also provides a calculation device for performing the calculation method of the life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system. The calculation device includes:

[0108] An eigenvalue determination module that determines the eigenvalues of the equipment according to the application condition parameters of the system, including the materials used in production and the filling amount of the circulating working fluid;

[0109] A full-cycle carbon emission calculation module for equipment that determines the full-cycle carbon emissions G of all equipment according to the eigenvalues of the equipment eq , where G eq,i is the full-cycle carbon emission of the i-th equipment in the system, i is a natural number, and z is the total number of equipment; the full-cycle carbon emission of each equipment in the system is the sum of the carbon emissions in the raw material acquisition stage, manufacturing and assembly stage, transportation stage, use stage, and recycling stage of the equipment;

[0110] An equivalent carbon emission calculation module for leakage of the circulating working fluid that determines the leakage amount O of the circulating working fluid during the whole life cycle of the system according to the filling amount of the circulating working fluid out , and calculates the equivalent carbon emission G generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid based on O out = O O GWP out GWP O where GWP O is the global warming potential of the circulating working fluid;

[0111] An equivalent carbon emission reduction calculation module for the generated electricity that calculates the equivalent carbon emission reduction generated by the system's electricity generation according to the total electricity generation E during the whole life cycle of the system and the carbon emission factor F of the local area;

[0112] A calculation and output module that calculates the system's full life cycle carbon footprint based on the full life cycle carbon emissions of all the devices, the equivalent carbon emissions generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid, and the equivalent carbon emission reduction generated by the power generation of the system, and outputs the calculation result.

[0113] It can be understood that the calculation device includes a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory. The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system.

[0114] This embodiment also provides a computer storage medium, on which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system are implemented.

[0115] In summary, the calculation method of this embodiment divides the carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system into three parts: the first part is the carbon emissions of each device in the raw material acquisition stage, manufacturing and assembly stage, transportation stage, use stage, and recycling stage; the second part is the equivalent carbon emission reduction generated by the power generation during the operation of the system; the third part is the equivalent carbon emissions generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid. Based on the power generation of the LNG power generation system and the carbon emission factor of the region, the carbon emission reduction of the LNG power generation system is calculated. Based on the leakage amount of the circulating working fluid of the LNG power generation system and the global warming potential value of the circulating working fluid, the equivalent carbon emissions generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid are calculated. Based on the actual situation of LNG cold energy power generation, this embodiment improves the boundary of the carbon emission accounting system, thereby establishing a complete calculation model for the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system, realizing the scientific calculation of the carbon footprint of the LNG power generation system, and the obtained calculation result is more accurate.

[0116] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A calculation method for the full life cycle carbon footprint of an LNG cold energy power generation system. The system adopts an ORC circuit, which uses seawater as the high-temperature heat source, LNG as the low-temperature heat source, and an organic working fluid as the circulating working fluid. It is characterized in that, The carbon footprint calculation method includes the following: Determine the characteristic values of the equipment according to the application condition parameters of the system, including the materials used during production and the filling amount of the circulating working fluid; Determine the total life-cycle carbon emissions G of all devices according to the characteristic values of the devices eq , where G eq,i is the total life-cycle carbon emissions of the i-th device in the system, i is a natural number, and z is the total number of devices; the total life-cycle carbon emissions of each device in the system is the sum of the carbon emissions of the device in the raw material acquisition stage, manufacturing and assembly stage, transportation stage, use stage, and recycling stage; Determine the leakage amount O of the circulating working fluid during the entire life cycle of the system according to the filling amount of the circulating working fluid out , based on O out Calculate the equivalent carbon emission amount G generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid O = O out GWP O , where GWP O is the global warming potential value of the circulating working fluid; Calculate the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount generated by the system's power generation based on the total life cycle power generation amount E of the system and the carbon emission factor F of the region where it is located; Calculate the total life cycle carbon footprint of the system based on the total life cycle carbon emissions of all the equipment, the equivalent carbon emissions generated by the leakage of the circulating working fluid, and the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount generated by the system's power generation.

2. The full life cycle carbon footprint calculation method of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The leakage rate O of the circulating working fluid out is calculated by the following formula: O out = O cycle ·α out ·year Where O cycle is the filling amount of the circulating working fluid; α out is the annual leakage rate of the circulating working fluid; year is the number of years of system operation.

3. The method for calculating the full - life - cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold - energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein For the device eq1 in the system, obtain its carbon emission G during the raw material acquisition phase based on the database eq1,M ; if it cannot be obtained based on the database, calculate G according to the following formula eq1,M :[[]]END]] Wherein, M i , E j , n, and m are the consumption of the i-th type of raw material, the consumption of the j-th type of energy, the number of categories of all consumed raw materials, and the number of categories of all consumed energy in the raw material acquisition stage of equipment eq1; MEF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of raw material; EF j is the emission factor of the j-th type of energy; η is the comprehensive utilization rate of raw materials and energy.

4. The method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, For equipment eq1 in the system, obtain its carbon emissions G during the manufacturing and assembly phases based on the database eq1,P ; if it cannot be obtained based on the database, calculate G using the following formula eq1,P :[[]]END]] Wherein, E i , O j , n, and m are the consumption of the i-th type of energy, the amount of the j-th type of greenhouse gas released, the total number of all types of energy consumed, and the number of types of greenhouse gases released during the manufacturing and assembly stages of the device eq1; EF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of energy; GWP j is the global warming potential of the j-th type of greenhouse gas released; η is the energy utilization rate.

5. The method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, For device eq1 in the system, its carbon emissions G during the transportation stage eq1,T are calculated according to the following formula: Where, M i , D i , EF i are the cargo weight, transportation distance, and carbon emission factor of the transportation vehicle during the i-th transportation process of the equipment eq1 in the transportation stage; O j , GWP j are the emissions and global warming potential of the j-th greenhouse gas of the equipment eq1 in the transportation stage; p is the total number of transportation processes; q is the number of types of greenhouse gases.

6. The method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein For device eq1 in the system, its carbon emissions G during the usage stage eq1,U are calculated according to the following formula: G eq1,U = E × T W × 365 × EF In the formula, E is the actual daily power consumption; T W is the number of operating years; EF is the local electricity emission factor.

7. The method for calculating the full - life - cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold - energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein For the device eq1 in the system, obtain its carbon emissions G during the recovery phase based on the database eq1,R ; if it cannot be obtained based on the database, calculate G using the following formula eq1,R : Where, M i , E j , n, and m are the recovery amount of the i-th type of substance, the consumption amount of the j-th type of energy, the total types of substances recovered, and the number of types of energy consumed by the equipment eq1 during the recovery stage; MEF i is the emission factor of the i-th type of substance; EF j is the emission factor of the j-th type of energy.

8. The method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The calculation of the equivalent carbon emission reduction amount generated by the system's power generation based on the total life cycle power generation amount E of the system and the carbon emission factor F of the region where it is located includes: Calculate the total life cycle power generation amount E of the system based on the net external output power P of the system; E = P × T using × year where T using is the annual utilization hours of the system, and year is the number of years of system operation; The equivalent carbon emission reduction amount G generated by the power generation of the system I is calculated by the following formula: G I = EF.

9. The method for calculating the full life cycle carbon footprint of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein The application condition parameters include LNG parameters, working fluid parameters, and equipment parameters.

10. An apparatus for performing the total life cycle carbon footprint calculation method of the LNG cold energy power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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