Box-type substation heat dissipation system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of transformer substation heat dissipation systems, in particular to a box-type transformer substation heat dissipation system which comprises a box body, a partition plate, an air inlet mechanism and a heat dissipation exhaust mechanism, the partition plate is horizontally installed in the box body and divides the interior of the box body into a high-voltage chamber and a low-voltage chamber, and the air inlet mechanism is installed at the bottom of the box body and used for absorbing cold air; the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism is installed on one side of the box body, one side of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism extends into the box body, and the bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism communicates with the air inlet mechanism. According to the technical scheme, the closed high-voltage chamber and the closed low-voltage chamber of the box-type substation can be cooled, the cooling efficiency is high, energy consumption is avoided, and cooling water is prevented from leaking and scaling, so that equipment in the box-type substation can operate efficiently, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat dissipation systems for transformer substations, and in particular to a heat dissipation system for a box-type transformer substation. Background Art

[0002] Box-type substations (abbreviated as "box-type substations") are key equipment in power systems. Due to their long-term exposure to outdoor environments, they are affected by adverse conditions such as solar radiation and high temperatures. In addition, the long-term operation of the internal transformer can easily cause the internal temperature of the box-type substation to rise, resulting in reduced equipment efficiency, shortened service life, and potential safety hazards, threatening the stability of the power grid.

[0003] Existing cooling solutions often rely on forced ventilation (such as fans or air conditioners) or water cooling systems. These systems suffer from high energy consumption, complex maintenance, and susceptibility to environmental influences. For example, air cooling systems require continuous power to drive the fan and are prone to failure in high temperatures or dusty environments. Water cooling systems are subject to problems such as leakage and scaling.

[0004] While natural convection cooling technology is energy-efficient, its efficiency is limited by air flow velocity and heat dissipation path design. Furthermore, existing box-type substations typically have high- and low-pressure chambers within them. Because these chambers must maintain their atmospheric pressure, ventilation and cooling are not possible, and water cooling systems are often used.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce the cooling energy consumption of a box-type substation with a high-voltage chamber and a low-voltage chamber and avoid leakage and scaling has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a box-type substation heat dissipation system for solving the problem of how to reduce the refrigeration energy consumption of the box-type substation having a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber and avoid leakage and scaling.

[0007] The present invention provides a box-type substation heat dissipation system, comprising: Box; The partition is installed horizontally inside the box to divide the inside of the box into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber; The air intake mechanism is installed at the bottom of the box and is used to absorb cold air; The heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism is installed on one side of the box body, and one side of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism extends deep into the box body, and the bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism is connected with the air intake mechanism.

[0008] In some embodiments, the air intake mechanism includes: The labyrinth shutter is installed in the bottom cavity of the box body, and the cavity is communicated with the bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism.

[0009] In some of these embodiments, the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism includes: An exhaust duct installed on one side of the box body, and a part of the box body is located inside the exhaust duct; A heat exchange tube disposed inside the exhaust duct and installed on the box body, with one side of the heat exchange tube extending into the interior of the box body; An exhaust pipe having one end communicating with the top of the exhaust duct; A ventilation hood having one end communicating with the other end of the exhaust pipe.

[0010] In some of these embodiments, the cross-sectional diameter of the middle part of the exhaust pipe is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the side close to the exhaust duct.

[0011] In some of these embodiments, a plurality of heat dissipation fins are installed on the heat exchange tube along the length direction, and the heat dissipation fins are located inside the exhaust duct.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, the heat dissipation fins are wavy fins.

[0013] In some of these embodiments, an arc-shaped deflector is further installed on the bottom wall of the exhaust duct in the vertical direction.

[0014] In some of these embodiments, the exhaust duct is provided with a sandwich layer filled with paraffin.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, a bird-proof net is installed on the box body around the peripheral of the labyrinth louver.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, the exhaust duct is filled with cooling water.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: During specific heat exchange, heat is generated in both the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber. Heat exchange is carried out through the side of the heat exchange tube located inside the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber. Then, the heat is transferred to the side of the heat exchange tube located inside the exhaust duct through the heat exchange tube and the cooling water inside it. Since cold air is continuously introduced into the labyrinth louver, according to the "chimney effect", the hot air will continuously rise and finally be discharged from the ventilation hood. The wavy heat dissipation fins can increase turbulence and improve the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the arc-shaped deflector located inside the exhaust duct can accelerate the air flow and quickly cool the side of the heat exchange tube located inside the exhaust duct and the heat dissipation fins, further improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the setting of the exhaust pipe can also accelerate the air flow output efficiency, form a negative pressure environment inside the exhaust duct, and then improve the input efficiency of the cold air of the labyrinth louver. The technical solution of the present invention can not only cool the enclosed high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber of the box-type substation, but also has a high cooling efficiency, does not generate energy consumption, and the cooling water will not leak or scale. Furthermore, the equipment inside the box-type substation can operate efficiently and its service life is extended. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a box-type substation heat dissipation system according to the present invention from one perspective; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a box-type substation heat dissipation system from another perspective is shown; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation fins in a box-type substation heat dissipation system from one perspective is shown; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of the heat dissipation fins in a box-type substation heat dissipation system from another perspective.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, 1. Box body; 2. Partition; 3. Air intake mechanism; 31. Labyrinth shutter; 4. Heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism; 41. Exhaust duct; 42. Heat exchange tube; 43. Heat dissipation fins; 44. Exhaust pipe; 45. Ventilation hood; 46. Arc-shaped guide plate; 5. Bird-proof net. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] As mentioned in the background, existing heat dissipation solutions often rely on forced ventilation (such as fans or air conditioners) or water cooling systems. These systems suffer from high energy consumption, complex maintenance, and susceptibility to environmental influences. For example, air cooling systems require continuous energy consumption to drive the fan and are prone to failure in high-temperature or dusty environments; water cooling systems face problems such as leakage and scaling. While natural convection cooling technology is energy-efficient, its efficiency is limited by air flow speed and heat dissipation path design. Furthermore, existing box-type substations typically have high-pressure and low-pressure chambers within them. Because these chambers must maintain their atmospheric pressure, they cannot be cooled by ventilation, and water cooling systems are often used in the existing technology. Therefore, how to reduce the cooling energy consumption of box-type substations with high-pressure and low-pressure chambers and avoid leakage and scaling has become a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve.

[0022] To solve the above problems, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4, the present invention provides a heat dissipation system for a box-type substation, which includes a box body 1, a partition 2, an air intake mechanism 3 and a heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism 4. The partition 2 is horizontally installed inside the box body 1, dividing the interior of the box body 1 into a high-voltage chamber and a low-voltage chamber. The air intake mechanism 3 is installed at the bottom of the box body 1 for absorbing cold air. The heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism 4 is installed on one side of the box body 1, and one side of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism 4 extends deep into the box body 1. The bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism 4 is communicated with the air intake mechanism 3.

[0023] Preferably, the air intake mechanism 3 includes: a labyrinth shutter 31, which is installed in the bottom cavity of the box body 1, and the cavity is communicated with the bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism 4.

[0024] Specifically, among them, the blades of the labyrinth shutter 31 can be set to a structure with adjustable blades. The adjustment range of the blades is 30°-60°, so as to achieve a balance between air flow resistance and diversion effect, and can also prevent rain and dust. The blade spacing can be adjusted according to the heat generation amount to prevent air flow short circuit and ensure sufficient heat exchange.

[0025] Preferably, the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism 4 includes: an exhaust pipe 41, a heat exchange pipe 42, an exhaust pipe 44 and a ventilation hood 45. The exhaust pipe 41 is installed on one side of the box body 1, and a part of the box body 1 is located inside the exhaust pipe 41. The heat exchange pipe 42 is arranged inside the exhaust pipe 41 and installed on the box body 1. One side of the heat exchange pipe 42 extends into the interior of the box body 1. One end of the exhaust pipe 44 is communicated with the top of the exhaust pipe 41, and one end of the ventilation hood 45 is communicated with the other end of the exhaust pipe 44.

[0026] Specifically, the material of the heat exchange pipe can be aluminum or copper. Aluminum is lighter and has a lower cost, which is suitable for medium and low power heat dissipation. The thermal conductivity of copper is higher than that of aluminum, which is suitable for local high heat flux areas. The ventilation hood 45 is in an inverted V shape, which can form a stable air flow using the temperature difference to ensure the stable output of hot air and rapid heat dissipation.

[0027] Furthermore, the ventilation hood 45 in the present invention adopts a tapered - flared air duct. The internal deflector (V-shaped groove, inclination angle 45°) guides the air flow to fully contact with one side of the heat exchange pipe 42 located inside the exhaust pipe 41, and a tapered section is added at the air outlet to accelerate the air flow discharge.

[0028] Preferably, the cross-sectional diameter in the middle of the exhaust pipe 44 is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter near the exhaust pipe 41.

[0029] Specifically, using the Venturi effect, the hot air is accelerated at the exhaust pipe 44 to make it discharge quickly, thereby forming a negative pressure inside the exhaust pipe 41, accelerating the input efficiency of cold air at the labyrinth shutter 31, increasing the air flow velocity inside the exhaust pipe 41, quickly exchanging heat with the heat exchange pipe 42, and further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0030] Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation fins 43 are installed on the heat exchange tube 42 along the length direction, and the heat dissipation fins 43 are located inside the exhaust duct 41.

[0031] Specifically, the distance between two adjacent sets of heat dissipation fins 43 is usually 3-10 mm to avoid being too close to hinder air flow. At the same time, the heat dissipation fins 43 are spirally distributed. On the one hand, it expands the heat dissipation area, and on the other hand, it increases the area in contact with cold air, so that the heat dissipation fins 43 in the present invention can not only quickly conduct heat but also quickly perform heat exchange and cooling.

[0032] Preferably, the heat dissipation fins 43 are wavy fins.

[0033] Specifically, the wavy heat dissipation fins 43 can increase turbulence and improve heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the heat dissipation fins 43 in the present invention can also be set as vertical fins. The hot air rises along the gaps between the heat dissipation fins 43, reducing the flow resistance and enabling higher heat dissipation efficiency.

[0034] Preferably, an arc-shaped deflector 46 is also installed on the bottom wall of the exhaust duct 41 in the vertical direction.

[0035] Specifically, the arc-shaped deflector 46 can accelerate air flow and improve heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the arc-shaped deflector 46 in the present invention can also be replaced with multiple groups of V-shaped deflectors arranged in the vertical direction. The V-shaped deflectors can reduce turbulent flow and enable the system to stably perform heat exchange.

[0036] Preferably, the exhaust duct 41 is provided with a sandwich layer filled with paraffin.

[0037] Specifically, when the inside of the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber is overheated and the system of the present invention is not sufficient for full heat exchange, the air temperature inside the exhaust duct 41 is relatively high. At this time, the paraffin can absorb the heat of the high-temperature air and melt, playing an auxiliary role in the heat dissipation system. When the air temperature inside the exhaust duct 41 decreases, the paraffin will slowly dissipate heat and return to its original state for repeated use.

[0038] Preferably, a bird-proof net 5 is installed on the box body 1 outside the peripheral of the labyrinth louver 31.

[0039] Preferably, the exhaust duct 41 is filled with cooling water.

[0040] Specifically, the cooling water in the present invention does not need to be circulated and replaced through pipelines, but only serves as a heat conduction and heat absorption medium to facilitate quick heat dissipation.

[0041] During specific heat exchange, heat is generated in both the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber. Heat exchange occurs through one side of the heat exchange tube 42 located inside the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber. Then, the heat is transferred through the heat exchange tube 42 and the cooling water inside it to the side of the heat exchange tube 42 located inside the exhaust duct 41. Since the labyrinthine louvers 31 continuously introduce cold air, according to the "chimney effect", the hot air will continuously rise and finally be discharged from the ventilation hood 45. The wavy heat dissipation fins 43 can increase turbulence and improve the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the arc-shaped deflector 46 located inside the exhaust duct 41 can accelerate air flow and rapidly cool the side of the heat exchange tube 42 located inside the exhaust duct 41 and the heat dissipation fins 43, further improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the setting of the exhaust pipe 44 can also accelerate the air flow output efficiency, creating a negative pressure environment inside the exhaust duct 41, thereby improving the input efficiency of the cold air of the labyrinthine louvers 31. The technical solution of the present invention can not only cool the enclosed high-pressure chamber and low-pressure chamber of the box-type substation, but also has a high cooling efficiency, does not generate energy consumption, and the cooling water will not leak or scale. As a result, the equipment inside the box-type substation can operate efficiently and its service life is extended.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention: Heat dissipation transformation of 10kV box transformer in photovoltaic power station Problems of the original system: The oil temperature exceeds the limit (>90°C) in summer, and the forced heat dissipation system starts frequently.

[0043] Transformation plan: Install the system of the present invention (cancel the original fan), the inlet area is 1.0 m², and the outlet area is 1.2 m².

[0044] The working medium of the heat exchange tube 42 is ammonia, and the heat dissipation fins 43 are coated with ceramic reflective paint.

[0045] Result: The oil temperature drops to 72°C (ambient temperature 42°C), and the annual energy consumption is reduced by 30%.

[0046] Comparative example 1: Traditional natural heat dissipation box substation Structure: Ordinary louver inlet, no deflector, heat sink area 8 m².

[0047] Result: When the ambient temperature is 40°C, the oil temperature reaches 92°C, triggering the forced heat dissipation system.

[0048] Comparative example 2: Forced air-cooled box substation Structure: Bottom inlet + top fan (power 1.5 kW), no heat exchange tube 42.

[0049] Result: The oil temperature ≤ 70°C, but the annual power consumption is about 13,000 kWh, and the noise is 65 dB.

[0050] Data comparison:

[0051] As can be seen from the above comparison, the technical solution of the present invention can achieve the refrigeration effect of a forced air-cooled box-type substation without generating energy consumption.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A box-type substation heat dissipation system, characterized in that, Comprising: A box body (1); A partition plate (2), horizontally installed inside the box body (1), dividing the interior of the box body (1) into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber; An air intake mechanism (3), installed at the bottom of the box body (1) for absorbing cold air; A heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism (4), installed on one side of the box body (1), and one side of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism (4) extends deep into the box body (1), and the bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism (4) is communicated with the air intake mechanism (3).

2. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 1, wherein, The air intake mechanism (3) includes: A labyrinth shutter (31), installed in the bottom cavity of the box body (1), and the cavity is communicated with the bottom of the heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism (4).

3. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation and exhaust mechanism (4) includes: An exhaust pipe (41), installed on one side of the box body (1), and a part of the box body (1) is located inside the exhaust pipe (41); A heat exchange tube (42), arranged inside the exhaust pipe (41), and installed on the box body (1), and one side of the heat exchange tube (42) extends into the interior of the box body (1); An exhaust pipe (44), one end of which is communicated with the top of the exhaust pipe (41); A ventilation hood (45), one end of which is communicated with the other end of the exhaust pipe (44).

4. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sectional diameter in the middle of the exhaust pipe (44) is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter near the exhaust pipe (41).

5. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of heat dissipation fins (43) are installed along the length direction on the heat exchange tube (42), and the heat dissipation fins (43) are located inside the exhaust pipe (41).

6. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 5, wherein The heat dissipation fins (43) are wavy fins.

7. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, An arc-shaped deflector (46) is also installed vertically on the bottom wall of the exhaust pipe (41).

8. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe (41) is provided with a sandwich layer, and paraffin is filled in the sandwich layer.

9. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 2, wherein A bird-proof net (5) is installed on the box body (1) outside the periphery of the labyrinth shutter (31).

10. The box-type substation heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Cooling water is filled in the exhaust pipe (41).

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