Cable joint sealing protection device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable joint sealing protection device and method, and the device comprises a first sealing part which is a cylinder with an inner cavity, one end of the first sealing part is provided with a vacuumizing assembly communicated with the inner cavity, and the other end of the first sealing part is provided with a first through hole communicated with the inner cavity; the skirt edge assembly is installed in the first sealing piece, the skirt edge assembly comprises a fixing part, a second through hole and an unfolding part, the fixing part and the unfolding part are annular vertical plates, and the bottoms of the fixing part and the unfolding part are connected to form an annular piece with the second through hole in the middle; according to the scheme, the sealing effect on the end portion of the cable can be improved, high environment adaptability is achieved, the mechanical strength is more reliable, installation and maintenance are easy and convenient, multiple sealing is achieved through cooperation of the first sealing piece, the skirt edge assembly, the second sealing piece and the locking piece, and the sealing effect of the cable is improved. Therefore, the sealing effect on the end part of the cable is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable protection collars, in particular to a cable joint sealing protection device and method. Background Art

[0002] Cables are the core of power transmission, and their end seals are crucial to system stability, safety, and longevity. Cables currently operate in harsh and complex environments, including rain, humidity, temperature fluctuations, and corrosive media outdoors, and chemicals, dust, vibration, and electromagnetic interference in industrial environments. Seal failures can lead to electrical failures, resulting in serious consequences such as power outages, equipment damage, and production halts.

[0003] In the existing technology, traditional cable end sealing protection solutions mainly include heat shrink tubing protection, cold shrink tubing protection, junction box protection and metal shell protection. Among them: heat shrink tubing tightly covers the cable joint through heat shrinkage, which can provide certain insulation and protection in the early stage. However, in long-term harsh environments such as ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes and chemical corrosion, its plastic material is prone to aging and brittleness, resulting in damage to the sealing integrity.

[0004] Although cold shrink tubing can be installed by virtue of its own elastic properties, it has strict requirements on dimensional matching accuracy, and is prone to slippage and displacement under high stress or frequent vibration conditions, which weakens the sealing effect.

[0005] Although the junction box is waterproof and dustproof, problems such as aging of the internal insulation material, mechanical damage to the external shell, and failure of the sealing gasket can still lead to water vapor penetration and impurity intrusion. While the metal shell protection can resist physical impact and some environmental damage, factors such as aging of the sealing gasket, metal corrosion, and improper assembly can easily lead to the risk of seal failure, making it difficult to ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of the cable end. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a cable joint sealing protection device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a cable joint sealing protection device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cable joint sealing protection device and method, comprising:

[0009] A first sealing member, wherein the first sealing member is a cylindrical body having an inner cavity, and one end of the first sealing member is provided with a vacuum pumping assembly connected to the inner cavity, and the other end is provided with a first through hole connected to the inner cavity;

[0010] Skirt component, the skirt component is installed inside the first seal, and the skirt component includes a fixing part, a second through hole and an unfolding part. The fixing part and the unfolding part are both annular vertical plates, and their bottoms are connected to form an annular part with a second through hole in the middle.

[0011] Among them, the unfolding part is located inside the fixing part. There is a first gap between the top of the unfolding part and the top of the fixing part, and the top of the unfolding part can unfold outward.

[0012] Second seal, the second seal is a sealing ring made of elastic material, and the sealing ring is arranged inside the first gap. The inner embedded side wall of the second seal contacts the outer side wall of the top of the unfolding part, and a third through hole is provided in the middle of the second seal. The diameter of the third through hole is larger than the diameter of the second through hole.

[0013] Locking part, the locking part is a hollow ring body, and one end of the locking part presses the second seal and is fixedly connected to the first seal. A fixing hole is provided at one end of the locking part, and a holding part is provided at the other end.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present invention: it further includes: a sealing cover, the sealing cover is connected to one end of the vacuum pumping component and forms a cavity.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present invention: the middle part of the inner wall at one end of the first through hole on the first seal has a first inclined surface, and the outer wall at the bottom end of the fixing part has a second inclined surface; the angles of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are the same, and the bottom end of the skirt component is inserted into the first seal through the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present invention: when the second seal is placed in the first gap, the outer side wall of the outer circle of the second seal also contacts the inner side wall of one end of the first through hole on the first seal. When the top end of the unfolding part unfolds outward, the second seal is tightly pressed against the inner side wall of the top of the fixing part and the inner side wall of one end of the first through hole of the first seal.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present invention: the unfolding part of the skirt component is composed of irregular multi-curves, each curve is composed of different centers and radii, and the shape formed by the geometric connection of adjacent curves. The center position of each curve is represented by the first formula:

[0018] C i =(R + a×sin(b×i + φ))×(cos(θ i ), sin(θ i ))

[0019] Among them, C iis the center coordinate of the i-th arc, R is the outer diameter of the cable, a is the amplitude parameter, b is the frequency parameter, φ is the phase adjustment parameter; θ i is the angle of the i-th arc.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the inner side wall at one end of the first through hole on the first seal has a thread, the outer side wall at one end of the locking member connected to the first seal has a thread, and the first seal and the locking member are connected by a thread.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: the outer wall at one end of the vacuum pumping assembly on the first seal has a thread, the inner wall at one end of the sealing cover connected to the first seal has a thread, and the first seal and the sealing cover are connected by a thread.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: a vacuum degree sensor is arranged inside the first seal for collecting the vacuum degree inside the first seal, and the vacuum pumping assembly is used for dynamically adjusting the vacuum degree inside the first seal.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are further installed outside the first seal, and a heating module is further arranged inside. The temperature sensor is used for collecting the ambient temperature, and the heating module is used for regulating the temperature of the cable joint sealing protection device according to the ambient temperature;

[0024] The pressure sensor is used for collecting the ambient pressure, and the vacuum pumping assembly is further used for dynamically adjusting the vacuum degree inside the first seal according to the ambient pressure.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: a cable joint sealing protection method includes:

[0026] Obtain and record the vacuum degree inside the cable joint sealing protection device;

[0027] When the vacuum degree inside the cable joint sealing protection device is less than the first preset vacuum degree threshold, perform a vacuum pumping operation on the inside of the cable joint sealing protection device, and stop the vacuum pumping operation when the vacuum degree inside the cable joint sealing protection device is greater than or equal to the second preset vacuum degree threshold;

[0028] Calculate the leakage rate through a first preset formula; the first preset formula is V = △P / △T; where V is the leakage rate, △P is the difference between the vacuum degree at the end of the previous vacuum pumping operation and the vacuum degree at the start of the current vacuum pumping operation, and △T is the difference between the end time of the previous vacuum pumping operation and the start time of the current vacuum pumping operation;

[0029] When the leakage rate is greater than the preset leakage rate, trigger an alarm.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] It can improve the sealing effect of the cable end, and has strong environmental adaptability, more reliable mechanical strength, and is easy to install and maintain. Through the cooperation of the first seal, the skirt component, the second seal and the locking member, the present application realizes multiple seals, thereby improving the sealing effect of the cable end; due to the structures of the first seal, the locking member and the sealing cover, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can be selected, so as to have strong environmental adaptability; the components are arranged according to the mechanical principle. When subjected to external force impact, the stress is dispersed and transmitted through the structure. When in a vibrating environment, the structural damping characteristics and mass distribution cooperate to suppress the vibration propagation, keep the internal components stable, protect the cable joint and the vacuum device, the mechanical strength is more reliable, and the risk of seal failure caused by mechanical factors is reduced; the components are modularly designed. During installation and maintenance, the modular design is easy to disassemble and replace, reducing the operation and maintenance costs and improving the system operation efficiency and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic half-sectional structure view of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic half-sectional structure view of the seal of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic top view structure of the seal of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic half-sectional structure view of the first seal of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic half-sectional structure view of the locking member of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a schematic top view structure of the locking member of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic half-sectional structure view of the sealing cover of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a schematic half-sectional structure view of the skirt component of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a schematic top view structure of the skirt component of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a schematic structure view of the unfolded part of the skirt component of the cable joint sealing and protecting device;

[0042] Figure 11 It is a schematic flow diagram of the cable joint sealing protection method;

[0043] Figure 12 It is a schematic flow diagram of the control algorithm of the cable joint sealing protection method.

[0044] In the figure: 1. The first seal; 11. The vacuum pumping assembly; 2. The skirt assembly; 21. The fixing part; 22. The second through hole; 23. The unfolding part; 3. The second seal; 31. The sealing ring; 32. The third through hole; 4. The locking part; 41. The fixing hole; 42. The holding part; 5. The sealing cover. Specific embodiments

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0047] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] Reference Figure 1-10As shown in the figure, in this exemplary embodiment, a cable joint sealing and protection device is first provided, including: a first seal 1, a skirt component 2, a second seal 3, and a locking member 4; wherein, the first seal 1 is a cylinder with an inner cavity, one end has a vacuum extraction component 11 communicating with the inner cavity, and the other end has a first through hole communicating with the inner cavity; the skirt component 2 is arranged inside the first seal 1 and includes a fixing part 21, a second through hole 22, and an unfolding part 23. Both the fixing part 21 and the unfolding part 23 are annular vertical plates, and their bottom ends are connected to each other to form an annular member with a second through hole 22 in the middle; wherein, the unfolding part 23 is located inside the fixing part 21, and there is a first gap between the top of the unfolding part 23 and the top of the fixing part 21, and the top end of the unfolding part 23 can unfold outward; the second seal 3 is a sealing ring 31 made of an elastic material and is placed in the first gap; the inner side wall of the inner circle of the second seal 3 contacts the outer side wall of the top of the unfolding part 23, and the outer side wall of the outer circle of the second seal 3 contacts the inner side wall of the top of the fixing part 21; the locking member 4 is a hollow ring body, and one end presses the second seal 3 and is fixedly connected to the first seal 1.

[0049] Through the cooperation of the first seal 1, the skirt component 2, the second seal 3, and the locking member 4, multiple seals are achieved. The first seal 1 and the locking member 4 are used to achieve the tight pressing connection of each component, and the skirt component 2 is used to expand and press the second seal 3 against the first seal 1 and the skirt component 2, thereby improving the sealing effect on the cable end; due to the structures of the first seal 1, the locking member 4, and the sealing cover 5, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can be selected, so it has strong environmental adaptability; the first seal 1, the skirt component 2, the second seal 3, and the locking member 4 are arranged according to the mechanical principle. When subjected to external force impact, the stress is dispersed and transmitted through the structure. When in a vibrating environment, the structural damping characteristics and mass distribution cooperate to suppress the vibration propagation and keep the internal components stable, protecting the cable joint and the vacuum device. The mechanical strength is more reliable, reducing the risk of seal failure caused by mechanical factors; the modular design of each component makes it easy to disassemble and replace during installation and maintenance, reducing the operation and maintenance costs and improving the system operation efficiency and economic benefits.

[0050] It can be understood that the bottom ends of the fixing part 21 and the unfolding part 23 are connected to each other. They can be connected by a connecting plate to form an annular through groove, or they can be directly connected by adjusting the fixing part 21 or the unfolding part 23 to a certain inclined plane.

[0051] In an embodiment, the skirt component 2 includes: an outer weather-resistant rubber layer, an intermediate high-strength nylon layer, and an inner silicone rubber layer; specifically, the outer layer uses weather-resistant rubber, which has excellent weather resistance, ozone resistance, and ultraviolet resistance. The outer layer material has good flexibility, can adapt to environmental deformation and compression, and at the same time resist chemical substances, humidity, and temperature difference changes in the atmosphere. This layer can effectively adapt to external environmental conditions and ensure the stability of the skirt component 2 in various working environments; the intermediate layer uses high-strength nylon to provide strong structural strength, compressive resistance, and elasticity to the skirt component 2. By enhancing the fatigue resistance of the material, this layer can withstand large mechanical loads and maintain long-term durability; the inner layer uses silicone rubber, which is in contact with the cable and has extremely high sealing and aging resistance properties. This layer can effectively prevent gas and liquid leakage and has good stability and ductility especially in high-temperature and low-temperature environments.

[0052] Adopting a multi-layer structure design, multiple protections are provided through different material layers, enhancing the adaptability to external environmental changes and improving the sealing performance and mechanical strength.

[0053] In an embodiment, the cable joint sealing and protection device further includes: a sealing cover 5, and the sealing cover 5 is connected to one end of the first seal 1 having a vacuum pumping component 11 to form a cavity.

[0054] It should be noted that the vacuum pumping component 11 is located in the cavity formed by the sealing cover 5 and the first seal 1, so as to protect the vacuum pumping component 11 through the sealing cover 5.

[0055] Furthermore, the vacuum pumping component 11 has its own power supply and is fixed on the first seal 1.

[0056] Among them, optionally, the inner side wall of one end of the first seal 1 having a first through hole has a thread, and the outer side wall of one end of the locking member 4 connected to the first seal 1 has a thread. The first seal 1 and the locking member 4 are connected by thread engagement;

[0057] [[ID=IS]]The outer wall of one end of the first seal 1 having the vacuum pumping component 11 has a thread, and the inner wall of one end of the sealing cover 5 connected to the first seal 1 has a thread. The first seal 1 and the sealing cover 5 are connected by thread engagement.

[0058] It should be noted that the first seal 1 and the locking member 4 are thread-connected to improve the sealing performance of the device, and the sealing performance can be further ensured by installing sealing members such as rubber gaskets. Moreover, the sealing members such as rubber gaskets are detachably installed with the first seal 1 and the locking member 4, which is convenient for replacement.

[0059] In an embodiment, the skirt component 2 has an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer; the outer layer is made of weather-resistant rubber and is used to adapt to the deformation and compression of the external environment. The intermediate layer is made of high-strength nylon to increase durability and compressive performance, providing structural strength and elasticity; the inner layer is made of silicone rubber material and is used to contact the cable to prevent air leakage. A multi-layer structure is adopted to enhance the adaptability to external pressure and humidity, providing multiple protections to prevent the infiltration of gas and liquid.

[0060] On the outer side of the skirt component 2, there are a plurality of sealing grooves for embedding sealing rubber rings. The depth and width of the sealing grooves are calculated according to the pressure to ensure the sealing performance; an elastic compensation unit is embedded in the skirt component 2, which automatically adjusts the fitting degree when the environmental temperature difference changes. The elastic compensation unit includes a corrugated spring.

[0061] It should be noted that the inner layer of the skirt component 2 is provided with threads or buckles, which are closely attached to the outer skin of the cable. A hoop structure is used to surround the skirt component 2 to form a rigid lock with the cable. A sealing glue is coated on the surface of the skirt component 2 in contact with the cable to enhance the airtightness. A double-layer skirt superposition design is selected to achieve redundant sealing. The top of the skirt component 2 is fixedly connected to the vacuum cavity through a bolted flange. A sealing gasket is designed on the inner side of the flange to ensure the airtightness of the connection. A rotary locking structure is designed at the connection of some skirt components 2 and the cavity for easy installation and disassembly. After locking, a small gap is compensated by an elastic component. A pipeline interface leading to the vacuum pump is provided at the outer edge of the skirt component 2, and a quick connector is used for easy connection and replacement of the vacuum pump. A pressure relief valve interface is provided at the connection between the skirt and the pump pipe for exhausting residual gas.

[0062] In the embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, in the middle of the inner wall at one end of the first through hole of the first seal 1, there is a first inclined surface, and on the outer wall at the bottom end of the fixing part 21, there is a second inclined surface; the angles of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are the same. The bottom end of the skirt component is inserted into the first seal 1 through the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0063] It can be understood that a funnel-shaped cavity is formed inside the first seal 1, and the bottom of the skirt component 2 is also funnel-shaped. The shapes of the two can be closely matched to achieve fixed insertion and at the same time facilitate the replacement of the skirt component 2.

[0064] In the embodiment, when the second seal 3 is placed in the first gap, the outer side wall of the second seal 3 also contacts the inner side wall at one end of the first through hole of the first seal 1. When the top of the unfolding part 23 unfolds outward, the second seal 3 is tightly pressed against the inner side wall at the top of the fixing part 21 and the inner side wall at one end of the first seal 1 with the first through hole.

[0065] It can be understood that the lower part of the second seal 3 is placed in the through groove formed by the fixing part 21 and the unfolding part 23 of the skirt component 2, the upper part is located outside the through groove, and is in close contact with the inner wall of the first seal 1. Through the unfolding of the unfolding part 23, the second seal 3 is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the first seal 1 and the fixing part 21. While tightly pressing the second seal 3, the fixing part 21 and the inside of the first seal 1 are also tightly pressed.

[0066] Among them, the diameter of the third through hole 32 in the middle of the second seal 3 is larger than the diameter of the second through hole 22.

[0067] Furthermore, as Figures 9-10 shown, the unfolding part 23 is an irregular shape, Figure 10 the cross symbol in

[0068] Serial number Radius value X Y R1 34.6 0 10.1 R2 53.7 10.3 -6 R3 36.4 -7 -4.9 R4 57.4 -1 15.5 R5 34.9 8.8 -4.7 R6 59 -15.2 -8.9

[0069] is the center of each arc. Taking the center of the outer circle as the coordinate origin, the coordinate positions of the centers of the arcs with different radii are:

[0070] Furthermore, the unfolding part 23 of the skirt component 2 is composed of irregular multi-curves. Each curve is composed of different centers and radii, and forms a complex shape through the geometric connection of adjacent curves to fit the end of the cable. The arc parameter limit is determined by accurately measuring the center position.

[0071] The center position of each curve can be expressed by the first formula:

[0072] C i =(R + a×sin(b×i + φ))×(cos(θ i ), sin(θ i ))

[0073] Among them, C i is the center coordinate of the i-th curve, R is the outer diameter of the cable, a is the amplitude parameter to control the offset of the curve, b is the frequency parameter to control the periodicity of the curve, φ is the phase adjustment parameter; θ i is the angle of the i-th curve, which can be set according to the design requirements or the position of the curve segment.

[0074] The radius of each curve is expressed by the second formula: R i =R + a×sin(b×i + φ)

[0075] Among them, R i is the radius of the i-th arc, R is the outer diameter of the cable, a and b are the design amplitude and frequency parameters, and φ is the phase adjustment parameter used to control the offset of each curve.

[0076] The angle of each arc can be represented by the third formula: θ i = θ i-1 + Δθ

[0077] where θ i is the angle of the i-th arc; θ i-1 is the angle of the previous arc; Δθ is the angular change between each arc. The parameters of the arc are determined by precise measurement of the center position of the circle. The relationship between the outer diameter of the cable and each arc can be expressed by a mathematical function, so as to ensure that each arc can perfectly match the outer skin of the cable. The angle of each arc needs to be precisely calculated according to the shape of the cable end and the design of the skirt.

[0078] The amplitude value can be represented by the fourth formula:

[0079] where a is the amplitude value, and ΔR is the maximum tolerance of the outer diameter of the cable, that is, the change range of the outer diameter of the cable. By selecting an appropriate amplitude, the degree of fit between the skirt and the outer diameter of the cable can be controlled. If the amplitude is too large, it may cause the skirt to be too tight in contact with the cable, affecting the sealing effect; if the amplitude is too small, the protective effect of the skirt may be insufficient.

[0080] The frequency parameter can be represented by the fifth formula:

[0081] where b is the frequency parameter, and N is the total number of arc segments, which determines how many arc segments are required on the skirt assembly. The magnitude of the frequency parameter determines the fineness of the arc shape. A larger frequency can produce more fine arc changes, while a smaller frequency produces a smoother arc transition. The frequency parameter can be adjusted according to the design requirements or the adaptability to the change of the outer diameter of the cable.

[0082] The phase value can be represented by the sixth formula: φ i = φ0 + Δφ × i

[0083] where φ i is the phase value, φ0 is the initial phase, which can be chosen as zero or adjusted as needed; Δφ is the phase increment, which controls the phase shift of each arc segment; i is the index of the arc segment.

[0084] In the embodiment, the other end of the locking member 4 has a fixing hole 41 for fixing the cable by bolts.

[0085] It can be understood that the cable is inserted into the cable joint sealing and protecting device through the locking member 4, and the cable is fixed by bolts passing through the fixing hole 41. And there is a sealing gasket at the contact part between the cable and the inner wall of the locking member 4 to further enhance the sealing effect.

[0086] Optionally, the other end of the locking member 4 has a holding portion 42, which can be a multi-prism to increase the friction and make the holding more convenient.

[0087] In the embodiment, the first seal 1 is internally provided with a vacuum sensor for collecting the internal vacuum degree of the first seal 1, and the vacuum pumping assembly 11 is used to dynamically adjust the internal vacuum degree of the first seal 1.

[0088] Furthermore, the cable joint sealing and protecting device is externally also provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and internally also has a heating module;

[0089] The temperature sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature, and the heating module is used to regulate the temperature of the cable joint sealing and protecting device according to the ambient temperature;

[0090] The pressure sensor is used to collect the ambient pressure, and the vacuum pumping assembly 11 is also used to dynamically adjust the internal vacuum degree of the first seal 1 according to the ambient pressure.

[0091] It should be noted that when the temperature is too low, the internal components of the cable joint sealing and protecting device will become brittle, thus reducing the service life of the cable joint sealing and protecting device. By starting the heating module when the ambient temperature reaches the preset value to maintain the temperature of the device, the situation that the low temperature affects the service life of the cable joint sealing and protecting device can be avoided. Through the preliminary experiment on the influence of the ambient temperature on the temperature of the cable joint sealing and protecting device, the corresponding relationship table between the ambient temperature and the heating temperature is determined.

[0092] Similarly, when the external pressure is large, if the internal vacuum degree range remains the same as that in the atmospheric environment, it is easy to cause damage or loosening of the sealing ring due to the excessive internal and external pressure difference. Adjusting the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing and protecting device according to the ambient pressure can avoid the above problems. Through the preliminary experiment on the influence of the pressure difference on the components of the cable joint sealing and protecting device, the corresponding relationship table between the ambient pressure and the internal vacuum degree range of the device is determined.

[0093] Furthermore, the cable joint sealing and protecting device is externally also provided with a humidity sensor for collecting the ambient humidity, including a humidity sensor main body and a signal conditioning circuit; the humidity sensor main body is used to collect the ambient humidity data, and the signal conditioning circuit is used to amplify and filter the signal output by the humidity sensor. At this time, the signal is digitized through the ADC module, and an I2C interface is provided to communicate with the main control chip.

[0094] It should be noted that a capacitive humidity sensor SHT31 is selected for real-time monitoring of the ambient humidity. It has high precision, can adapt to the relative humidity range of 0%-100%, the surface of the sensor is covered with a dust-proof film to reduce particle contamination, a waterproof and breathable film is added around the sensor to avoid liquid damage, and a built-in temperature sensor module is used to automatically correct the humidity measurement error caused by temperature fluctuations. Moreover, the sensor enters the sleep mode when it is in the non-working state, and the wake-up period is adjustable, with a default sampling interval of 10 seconds.

[0095] When calculating the humidity, the output value of the humidity sensor is converted through the humidity conversion formula, and the humidity conversion formula is:

[0096]

[0097] Among them, V out is the real-time output voltage of the sensor, V max and V min are the maximum and minimum voltages of the sensor calibration range.

[0098] For the filtering process, a low-pass filtering algorithm is used to remove the noise in the sampled data, and the filtering formula is:

[0099] H filtered = αH t +(1 - α)H t-1 ;

[0100] Among them, α is the filtering coefficient, and it is recommended to take the value of 0.1. H t and H t-1 are the humidity values of the current and the previous sampling points respectively.

[0101] When the humidity value is obtained, the humidity level is divided into three levels: low, medium, and high, so as to adapt to different vacuum pumping strategies. Among them, 0%-30%RH is the low humidity scenario, 30%-60%RH is the medium humidity scenario, and 60%-100%RH is the high humidity scenario.

[0102] In the low humidity scenario, the target vacuum degree is set to a lower value (20 kPa), and the vacuum pumping maintenance period is extended (30 minutes); in the medium humidity scenario, the target vacuum degree is set to a medium value (10 kPa), and the vacuum pumping maintenance period is shortened (15 minutes); in the high humidity scenario, the target vacuum degree is set to a higher value (5 kPa), the vacuum pumping maintenance frequency is increased (5 minutes), and the dynamic maintenance function is started to monitor the change of the vacuum degree in real time.

[0103] At the same time, a non-linear relationship formula of the humidity and vacuum degree optimization algorithm is introduced:

[0104]

[0105] P targetis the target vacuum degree, P min and P max are the set minimum and maximum vacuum degrees respectively, H is the real-time humidity value, the target vacuum degree is dynamically calculated through the humidity value H, and the power of the vacuum pump is adjusted through the PID control algorithm to accurately achieve the target vacuum state.

[0106] Optionally, in the embodiment, the cable joint sealing protection device further has an alarm module, and when the leakage rate of the cable joint sealing protection device reaches a preset value, an alarm is given to remind the staff to repair.

[0107] Optionally, in the embodiment, in this exemplary implementation manner, a cable joint sealing protection method is first provided, referring to Figures 11-12 shown in, the method includes:

[0108] Step S100, obtain and record the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing protection device;

[0109] Step S200, when the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing protection device is less than the first preset vacuum degree threshold, perform a vacuum pumping operation on the inside of the cable joint sealing protection device, and stop the vacuum pumping operation when the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing protection device is greater than or equal to the second preset vacuum degree threshold;

[0110] Step S300, calculate the leakage rate through the first preset formula; the first preset formula is V = △P / △T; where, V is the leakage rate, △P is the difference between the vacuum degree at the end of the previous vacuum pumping operation and the vacuum degree at the start of the current vacuum pumping operation, and △T is the difference between the end time of the previous vacuum pumping operation and the start time of the current vacuum pumping operation;

[0111] Step S400, trigger an alarm when the leakage rate is greater than the preset leakage rate.

[0112] Optionally, the cable joint sealing protection method further includes: setting a regular maintenance time, and automatically performing a vacuum pumping operation after a preset time interval.

[0113] It should be noted that the above method can be implemented through a control algorithm, such as Figure 12 shown:

[0114] Input parameters

[0115] 1) P_current: The vacuum degree inside the current cavity (obtained through a vacuum sensor).

[0116] 2) P_target: The target vacuum degree range, for example, between 90% - 99%.

[0117] 3) P_threshold: The lowest safety threshold of the vacuum degree.

[0118] 4) Leak_rate: The estimated leakage rate, used to judge the status of the seal.

[0119] Output parameters

[0120] 1) Pump_status: The status of the vacuum pump, start / stop control.

[0121] 2) Action_log: Record the time points and parameters of each start and stop of the vacuum pump.

[0122] The algorithm steps include:

[0123] 1) Initialization:

[0124] Set the target vacuum degree range: P_target = [90, 99].

[0125] Set the lower threshold of the vacuum degree: P_threshold = 90.

[0126] Initialize the vacuum pump status: Pump_status = OFF.

[0127] 2) Real-time monitoring and judgment:

[0128] Read the current vacuum degree in real time through the vacuum sensor: P_current = read_vacuum_sensor(). Judge whether the current vacuum degree is within the target range:

[0129] If P_current >= P_threshold, maintain the current situation;

[0130] If P_current < P_threshold, start the vacuum pump to perform supplementary evacuation.

[0131] 3) Supplementary evacuation logic:

[0132] Start the vacuum pump: Pump_status = ON.

[0133] Continue to evacuate until the vacuum degree reaches the target upper limit (e.g., 99%).

[0134] Stop the vacuum pump: Pump_status = OFF.

[0135] 4) Leakage monitoring and dynamic adjustment:

[0136] After each evacuation, record the vacuum degree drop rate Leak_rate = ΔP / ΔT (air pressure change rate). If the leakage rate is higher than the set value, trigger an alarm or perform a maintenance check.

[0137] 5) Periodic maintenance:

[0138] Even if the vacuum degree does not decrease significantly, the vacuum pumping is automatically started once every set time as a regular maintenance strategy.

[0139] Furthermore, on the basis of the traditional method of controlling the start and stop of the vacuum pumping component by setting a vacuum degree threshold, a method of controlling the air pressure change rate is introduced, which can more accurately monitor the airtightness state, and at the same time has a maintenance alarm function, increasing the intelligence and reliability of the system.

[0140] Among them, the air pressure change rate refers to the change speed of the air pressure in the cavity per unit time, and is defined as:

[0141] Among them, ΔP is the air pressure change rate, P t is the air pressure at the current moment, P t-1 is the air pressure at the previous moment, and Δt is the time interval.

[0142] Under normal circumstances, the air pressure change rate is relatively low or close to zero. If the air pressure change rate shows a continuous upward trend, it indicates that there is a leak in the cavity. If the air pressure change rate fluctuates greatly in a short period of time, it may be caused by loose component connections or environmental changes.

[0143] In the embodiment, the method of controlling the air pressure change rate includes dynamically adjusting the vacuum pumping frequency, establishing a multi-level threshold control and a real-time compensation algorithm;

[0144] Among them, the method of dynamically adjusting the vacuum pumping frequency is as follows: when the air pressure change rate is small, the vacuum pumping component 11 maintains a normal working mode and starts and stops regularly; when the air pressure change rate exceeds the set threshold, the starting frequency of the vacuum pumping component 11 is dynamically increased to quickly restore the vacuum state, and the severity of the leak is predicted according to the air pressure change trend to determine whether to enable the alarm or maintenance mode.

[0145] The method of establishing a multi-level threshold control is as follows: three air pressure change rate thresholds are set, corresponding to different treatment measures respectively: low threshold (slight change): the system records the air pressure fluctuation and does not trigger an alarm temporarily; medium threshold (abnormal change): increase the vacuum pumping frequency and at the same time prompt to check the sealing state; high threshold (severe change): the system immediately starts an alarm and prompts the user to perform emergency maintenance.

[0146] The method of the real-time compensation algorithm is as follows: using the PID control algorithm, the start and stop frequency of the vacuum pumping component is adjusted in real time, and the formula is as follows:

[0147] Among them, F v is the start frequency of the vacuum pumping component, and K p 、K i 、K d are PID control parameters.

[0148] In an embodiment, the maintenance alarm method is as follows: an alarm is triggered by the air pressure change rate. When the air pressure change rate continuously exceeds the medium or high threshold, the system prompts the user through audible and visual alarms and displays a detailed air pressure change curve and possible causes of problems on the user interface. Predictive maintenance reminder: Based on the historical data of the air pressure change rate, a linear regression or time series algorithm is used to predict the degradation trend of the sealing performance, and the trend formula is established as follows:

[0149] where P(t) is the air pressure value at a future time point, P0 is the current air pressure value, and a i is the fitting coefficient.

[0150] When the prediction curve shows that the future vacuum degree cannot reach the standard, the user is prompted in advance to perform preventive maintenance.

[0151] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation. An element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0152] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cable joint sealing and protection device, characterized in that, Comprising: A first seal (1), the first seal (1) being a cylinder with an inner cavity, and one end of the first seal (1) having a vacuum pumping assembly (11) communicating with the inner cavity, and the other end being provided with a first through hole communicating with the inner cavity; A skirt assembly (2), the skirt assembly (2) being installed inside the first seal (1), and the skirt assembly (2) including a fixing portion (21), a second through hole (22), and an expanding portion (23), the fixing portion (21) and the expanding portion (23) both being annular vertical plates, and the bottom ends being connected to form an annular member having a second through hole (22) in the middle; Wherein, the expanding portion (23) is located inside the fixing portion (21), a first gap is provided between the top of the expanding portion (23) and the top of the fixing portion (21), and the top of the expanding portion (23) can expand outward; A second seal (3), the second seal (3) being a sealing ring (31) made of an elastic material, and the sealing ring (31) being arranged inside the first gap, the inner embedded side wall of the second seal (3) being in contact with the outer side wall of the top of the expanding portion (23), and a third through hole (32) being provided in the middle of the second seal (3), the diameter of the third through hole (32) being larger than the diameter of the second through hole (22); A locking member (4), the locking member (4) being a hollow ring body, and one end of the locking member (4) pressing the second seal (3) and being fixedly connected to the first seal (1), a fixing hole (41) being provided at one end of the locking member (4), and a holding portion (42) being provided at the other end.

2. The cable joint sealing and protecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: A sealing cover (5), the sealing cover (5) being connected to one end of the vacuum pumping assembly (11) and forming a cavity.

3. The cable joint sealing and protecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall in the middle of one end of the first through hole on the first seal (1) has a first inclined surface, and the outer wall at the bottom end of the fixing portion (21) has a second inclined surface; the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface have the same angle, and the bottom end of the skirt assembly (2) is inserted into the first seal (1) through the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

4. The cable joint sealing and protecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the second seal (3) is placed in the first gap, the outer side wall of the outer circle of the second seal (3) is also in contact with the inner side wall of one end of the first through hole on the first seal (1). When the top end of the expanding portion (23) expands outward, the second seal (3) is tightly pressed against the inner side wall of the top of the fixing portion (21) and the inner side wall of one end of the first through hole on the first seal (1).

5. The cable joint sealing and protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expanding portion (23) of the skirt assembly (2) is composed of irregular multi-curves, each curve being composed of different centers and radii, and the shape formed by the geometric connection of adjacent curves. The center position of each curve is represented by a first formula: C i = (R + a×sin(b×i + φ))×(cos(θ i ), sin(θ i )) Among them, C i is the center coordinate of the i-th arc, R is the outer diameter of the cable, a is the amplitude parameter, b is the frequency parameter, and φ is the phase adjustment parameter; θ i is the angle of the i-th arc.

6. The cable joint sealing and protecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side wall of one end of the first through hole on the first seal (1) has a thread, the outer side wall of the end of the locking member (4) connected to the first seal (1) has a thread, and the first seal (1) and the locking member (4) are connected by threads.

7. A cable joint sealing and protecting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end outer wall of the evacuation assembly (11) on the first seal (1) has a thread, and the inner wall of the end of the sealing cover (5) connected to the first seal (1) has a thread. The first seal (1) and the sealing cover (5) are connected by threads.

8. The cable joint sealing and protecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that A vacuum sensor is arranged inside the first seal (1) for collecting the internal vacuum degree of the first seal (1), and the evacuation assembly (11) is used for dynamically adjusting the internal vacuum degree of the first seal (1).

9. The cable joint sealing and protection device according to claim 8, wherein, A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are further installed outside the first seal (1), and a heating module is further arranged inside. The temperature sensor is used for collecting the ambient temperature, and the heating module is used for regulating the temperature of the cable joint sealing protection device according to the ambient temperature; The pressure sensor is used for collecting the ambient pressure, and the evacuation assembly (11) is further used for dynamically adjusting the internal vacuum degree of the first seal (1) according to the ambient pressure.

10. A cable joint sealing and protection method, characterized in that, Applied to the cable joint sealing protection device according to any one of claims 8-9, comprising: Obtaining and recording the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing protection device; When the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing protection device is less than the first preset vacuum degree threshold, performing an evacuation operation on the inside of the cable joint sealing protection device, and stopping the evacuation operation when the internal vacuum degree of the cable joint sealing protection device is greater than or equal to the second preset vacuum degree threshold; Calculating the leakage rate through a first preset formula; the first preset formula is V = △P / △T; where V is the leakage rate, △P is the difference in vacuum degree between the end of the previous evacuation operation and the start of the current evacuation operation, and △T is the difference in time between the end of the previous evacuation operation and the start of the current evacuation operation; Triggering an alarm when the leakage rate is greater than the preset leakage rate.

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