Straw returning, strip rotary tillage, ridging and compacting device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a straw returning strip rotary tillage ridging and pressing device, which comprises a lightened connecting frame serving as the mounting base of the device and being designed in a whole hollow manner; a laser radar inlaidly mounted at the front end of the lightened connecting frame and used for scanning the advancing direction and providing terrain data; and a rotary tillage piece movably arranged at the lower end of the lightened connecting frame and used for adaptively rotary tillage treatment of soil. The device can complete straw returning, rotary tillage, ditching, seeding and pressing in one time, and can realize integrated operation, thereby reducing the time consumption of the traditional agricultural machinery in multiple ground operation and improving the efficiency by 30%-40%. Through terrain scanning of the laser radar and feedback of the sensor, the rotary tillage depth, the ditching depth and the pressing pressure can be automatically adjusted, the manual intervention time is reduced, and the terrain self-adaptation is realized. The present application has the characteristics of strong practicability and terrain self-adaptation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a straw row strip rotary tillage, ridging and pressing device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional agricultural machinery often uses separate operations for straw handling, soil cultivation, and seeding and compaction. For example, straw returners, rotary tillers, seed drills, and compaction rollers must enter the field sequentially, resulting in fragmented and inefficient operations. Furthermore, repeated compaction can damage soil structure.

[0003] Existing technologies face the following core challenges regarding terrain adaptability: Fixed tillage depth: Traditional rotary tillers use mechanical limiters to adjust the blade's penetration depth, but the adjustment range is limited (typically 10-15 cm) and they cannot dynamically adjust to the slope. In hilly areas, fixed tillage depth can easily lead to thin soil at the top of the slope and excessively deep tillage at the bottom, exacerbating soil erosion. Limited compaction pressure: Existing rollers often rely on their own weight to compact the soil, and pressure adjustment relies on adding or removing counterweights, making them unable to respond to terrain changes in real time. For example, insufficient compaction pressure on slopes can lead to loose contact between seeds and soil, while excessive compaction in flat areas can cause soil compaction. Traditional equipment relies on manual experience to determine parameters such as soil moisture and straw cover, lacking sensor feedback and automated decision-making mechanisms. For example, furrow depth adjustment requires manual operation by the operator, resulting in an error rate as high as 20%-30%, leading to uneven sowing depths and affecting seedling emergence rates.

[0004] Existing technologies lack adaptability, efficiency, and intelligence, hindering the expansion of agricultural mechanization in complex terrain. This device, through its integrated dynamic adjustment and collaborative operation mechanism, provides an efficient solution for hilly, sloping land, and diverse soil types, promoting the expansion of precision agriculture technology to diverse terrain scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a straw row strip rotary tillage ridge pressing device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a straw row strip rotary tillage ridge pressing device, comprising:

[0007] The lightweight connecting frame, serving as the installation base of the device, has an overall hollow design;

[0008] A laser radar is embedded in the front end of the lightweight connecting frame to scan the direction of travel and provide terrain data;

[0009] A rotary tillage member, movable in lifting and lowering, is provided at the lower end of the lightweight connecting frame and is used for adaptive rotary tillage of the soil;

[0010] At least two groups of ridging members are detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame, and are equipped with a humidity sensor, which is used to adjust the furrowing depth according to feedback data;

[0011] At least two groups of air-suction seeders, detachably mounted on the rear end of the ridging member via a mounting frame, for sowing in the furrow;

[0012] A multi-stage pressing member is detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame and at the rear end of the corresponding ridging member, and the pressing force can be adjusted according to the pressing requirements;

[0013] Among them, this device can adjust the arable land needs according to different terrains, including but not limited to plains, hills, mountains and terraces, by dynamically adjusting the rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth and suppression pressure to adapt to the arable land needs of various terrains.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the rotary tillage member includes:

[0015] The central gear transmission box is movably installed in the lifting slot 1 in the middle position of the lightweight connecting frame, and the front end is fixedly connected to the output end of the tractor through the transmission shaft;

[0016] The edge lifting seat is arranged on both sides of the central gear transmission box in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and is movably installed in the second lifting slot at the edge of the lightweight connecting frame. A lifting extension plate is provided on the top, and a central opening slot is provided in the middle, and the central opening slot is extended to the bottom;

[0017] The rotary tillage blade shafts are symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the central gear transmission box in groups of two;

[0018] The rotary tillage blades are evenly distributed on the rotary tillage blade shaft, and the rotary tillage blades on adjacent rotary tillage blade shafts are staggered;

[0019] The electric telescopic cylinder 1 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lightweight connecting frame, and the output end is fixedly connected to the corresponding lifting extension plate for adjusting the rotary tillage depth.

[0020] According to the above technical solution, the rotary tillage member further includes:

[0021] A reinforcing connecting plate is provided between the central gear transmission box and the edge lifting seat, and a cleaning groove is provided at the bottom thereof, which is arranged one-to-one with the rotary tiller blade. The cleaning groove is provided through the front and rear ends thereof to facilitate regular cleaning;

[0022] The guide rails are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the side wall of the central gear transmission box in groups of two, and are movable in a guide groove on one side wall of the lifting groove;

[0023] The limit block is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rail and is used for displacement limitation.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, the ridging member includes:

[0025] A fixed lifting seat, which is detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame;

[0026] A disc-type furrow opener is detachably mounted on the lower end of the fixed lifting seat, and includes:

[0027] A fixed seat, fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fixed lifting seat by bolts;

[0028] The furrowing disc is movably mounted on both sides of the fixing seat in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the seeding end of the air-suction seeder is located in the middle area of ​​the furrowing disc;

[0029] A straw pusher is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the fixing seat, located at the front end of the furrowing disc, and aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc to collect straw to both sides of the strip;

[0030] Filling plates are movably mounted on both sides of the fixing seat in a mirror-symmetrical manner and are located at the rear end of the ditching disc;

[0031] A humidity sensor is mounted on one side of the soil filling plate adjacent to the trenching disc to detect soil humidity in real time.

[0032] According to the above technical solution, the fixed lifting seat includes:

[0033] The tail connecting seat is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the lightweight connecting frame by bolts;

[0034] The lifting adjustment seat is movably installed in the lifting slot 3 in the middle position of the tail connecting seat, and a top extension plate is fixedly installed on the top;

[0035] The second electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly installed on the upper end of the tail connecting seat, and the output end is fixedly connected to the top extension plate, and is used for adjusting the ridge forming depth.

[0036] According to the above technical solution, the mounting frame includes:

[0037] The lightweight support rod is in a hollow square shape as a whole and is arranged on both sides of the air-suction seeder in a mirror-symmetrical manner and is fixed to the side wall of the air-suction seeder by bolts;

[0038] A positioning plate is fixedly mounted on the end of the lightweight support rod and is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the tail connecting seat by bolts, so as to stabilize the position of the air-suction seeder.

[0039] According to the above technical solution, the multi-section pressing member includes:

[0040] A replaceable pressure seat, which can be detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame;

[0041] At least two groups of pressing rollers are movably installed in the replaceable pressing seat through pressure adjusting parts, and are used for performing multi-stage pressing on the soil.

[0042] According to the above technical solution, the replaceable suppression seat includes:

[0043] A fixed diagonal brace is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame by means of bolts, and an adjustment slot is provided through the end of the fixed brace;

[0044] A replacement seat is arranged between the fixed diagonal supports, and a placement area for the pressing roller is opened at the bottom;

[0045] The side plates are fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat, and the replacement seat and the fixed diagonal brace are fixed by bolts. The position plate for fixing the pressure roller is fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat, and the replacement seat and the fixed diagonal brace are fixed by bolts.

[0046] According to the above technical solution, the pressure regulating member includes:

[0047] A movable connecting block is movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 on the side wall of the placement interval via a slider;

[0048] a lifting positioning block, movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 and located above the movable connecting block;

[0049] A spring, fixedly arranged between the movable connection block and the lifting and positioning block, and having a damper sleeved therein;

[0050] The hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting slot, the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the lifting positioning block, and is connected to the oil storage tank at the upper end of the replacement seat through a connecting pipe to adjust the suppression pressure.

[0051] According to the above technical solution, anti-sticking blocks are fixedly installed on both sides of the pressing roller, and the anti-sticking blocks are circumferentially distributed on the peripheral wall of the pressing roller. A scraper plate is fixedly installed at the lower end of the replacement seat, and the lower end of the scraper plate is located in the middle area of ​​the anti-sticking blocks, which is used to prevent soil from sticking and keep the pressing roller clean.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] (1) Significant improvement in operation efficiency: Straw rowing, rotary tillage, furrowing, sowing, and pressing are completed in one go, an integrated operation that reduces the time required for traditional agricultural machinery to enter the field multiple times, and increases efficiency by 30%-40%. Through laser radar terrain scanning and sensor feedback, the rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth, and pressing pressure are automatically adjusted, reducing manual intervention time and achieving terrain adaptation.

[0054] (2) Optimization of precision and emergence rate: The air-suction seeder is aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc, and the seeds fall evenly into the bottom of the furrow, reducing the seeding density error and achieving precise sowing. The multi-segment pressing roller compacts the soil in sections, ensuring close contact between the seeds and the soil, improving the emergence rate and achieving soil compaction and moisture conservation. The humidity sensor adjusts the furrowing depth in real time to prevent seeds from rotting due to excessive moisture or inactivation due to excessive dryness, thus achieving humidity adaptation.

[0055] (3) Enhanced terrain adaptability: The plain mode combines shallow tillage (10-15 cm) with low-pressure compaction to prevent soil compaction and is suitable for shallow-rooted crops such as wheat and soybeans. The hilly mode combines deep tillage (15-20 cm) with high-pressure compaction to prevent soil erosion and is suitable for deep-rooted crops such as corn and potatoes. The multi-stage compaction rollers independently adjust the pressure, which improves the operating stability in hilly areas with a slope of ≤ 15° and increases the stability of slopes.

[0056] (4) Easy maintenance and modular expansion: Modules such as the pressing roller and seeder can be replaced within 5-10 minutes, adapting to different crops (such as no-till rice sowing) and soil types (clay, sandy soil). The rotary tillage blade cleaning groove and the pressing roller scraper reduce straw and soil residue, reducing maintenance frequency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0058] Figure 1 is a first perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 is a second perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 is a third perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 4 is a fourth perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 5 is a first partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 6 is a second partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 7 is a third partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 8 is a fourth partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 9 is a fifth partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 10 is a sixth partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 11 is a seventh partial perspective schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0069] In the figure: 1-lightweight connecting frame, 11-lifting groove 1, 111-guide groove, 12-lifting groove 2, 2-laser radar, 3-rotary tillage parts, 31-central gear transmission box, 32-edge lifting seat, 321-lifting extension plate, 322-central opening groove, 33-rotary tillage blade shaft, 34-rotary tillage blade, 35-electric telescopic cylinder 1, 36-reinforced connecting plate, 361-cleaning groove, 37-guide rail, 38-limiting block, 4-ridge forming parts, 41-fixed lifting seat, 411-tail connecting seat, 4111-, lifting groove 3, 412-lifting adjustment seat, 4121-top extension plate, 413-electric telescopic cylinder 2, 42-disc furrowing Device, 421-fixed seat, 422-ditching disc, 423-straw push rod, 424-filling plate, 5-humidity sensor, 6-air suction seeder, 7-mounting frame, 71-lightweight support rod, 72-positioning plate, 8-multi-stage pressing piece, 81-replaceable pressing seat, 811-fixed diagonal support, 8111-adjustable long groove, 812-replacement seat, 8121-scraper plate, 8122-placing interval, 813-side plate, 82-pressing roller, 821-anti-sticking block, 9-pressure adjusting piece, 91-movable connecting block, 92-slider, 93-lifting positioning block, 94-spring, 95-damper, 96-hydraulic cylinder, 97-oil storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] See also Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a straw row strip rotary tillage ridging and pressing device, comprising:

[0072] The lightweight connecting frame 1, serving as the installation base of the device, is hollowed out as a whole;

[0073] A laser radar 2, mounted on the front end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, for scanning the direction of travel and providing terrain data;

[0074] A rotary tillage member 3, which is movable and arranged at the lower end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, is used for adaptive rotary tillage of the soil;

[0075] At least two groups of ridging members 4 are detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, on which a humidity sensor 5 is integrated and mounted, and the furrowing depth is adjusted according to the feedback data;

[0076] At least two groups of air-suction seeders 6 are detachably mounted on the rear end of the ridging member 4 via a mounting frame 7 for sowing in the furrow;

[0077] A multi-stage pressing member 8 is detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 and located at the rear end of the corresponding ridging member 4, and the pressing force can be adjusted according to the pressing requirements;

[0078] Among them, the device can adjust the arable land requirements according to different terrains, including but not limited to plains, hills, mountains and terraces, by dynamically adjusting the rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth and suppression pressure to adapt to the arable land requirements of various terrains;

[0079] This device features a modular design, allowing quick assembly and disassembly of various functional components, such as the tillage element, ridging element, and pressure element. Bolted and plug-in connections allow users to replace components in 5-10 minutes, greatly enhancing the device's flexibility and adaptability. For example, after completing wheat planting in plain areas, users can simply remove the air-suction seeder and replace it with a no-till seeder to quickly begin rice planting. The modular design also allows users to select different operating modes based on actual needs. For example, different types of pressure rollers (such as rubber or steel rollers) can be replaced to adapt to clay or sandy soils to ensure optimal pressure reduction. By adjusting the tillage depth, furrowing depth, and pressure intensity, the device is primarily suitable for the diverse planting needs of corn crops, adapting to varying planting requirements from shallow-rooted crops (such as wheat) to deep-rooted crops (such as corn). The modular design also allows for independent maintenance and replacement of each component, preventing the entire device from shutting down due to a single component failure. Users can plan maintenance and replacement based on usage and wear, reducing overall maintenance costs.

[0080] This device has the characteristics of multi-terrain adaptive adjustment, and can realize real-time adjustment of rotary tillage depth. The device is equipped with an electric telescopic cylinder, which can adjust the depth of the rotary tillage blade into the soil in real time according to the terrain data. In plain areas, the rotary tillage depth is set at 10-15 cm to reduce energy consumption and soil turning; in hilly areas, the depth can be increased to 15-20 cm to ensure loose soil and improve the germination rate of seeds; the dynamic optimization of furrowing depth can be achieved, and the soil moisture is monitored in real time by the humidity sensor 5. The device can dynamically adjust the furrowing depth. In humid areas, the furrowing depth is appropriately reduced to prevent seeds from being waterlogged; in arid areas, the depth is increased to ensure that the seeds are in contact with moist soil and improve the germination rate; the intelligent adjustment of the suppression intensity can be achieved, and the suppression member 8 adopts a combination design of a hydraulic cylinder and a spring damper, which can be adjusted in real time according to the terrain slope and soil type. Adjust the suppression intensity. On slopes, the suppression pressure is increased to prevent soil erosion, while on plains, the pressure is reduced to prevent soil compaction. At the same time, users can easily switch between furrow sowing and ridge sowing by replacing the seeder and adjusting the position of the furrow disc according to actual planting needs and climatic conditions. Furrow sowing is suitable for areas with poor drainage conditions, such as low-lying areas or areas with abundant rainfall. Furrow sowing helps seed drainage, prevents seed rot caused by water accumulation, and improves seedling emergence rate. Ridge sowing is suitable for crops that require good aeration, such as corn and potatoes. Ridge sowing increases soil aeration, promotes root development, and increases crop yields.

[0081] This device integrates multiple functions such as straw rowing, rotary tillage, furrowing, sowing and pressing, and can complete the entire process from straw processing to sowing and pressing in one go, significantly improving operational efficiency. Through modular design and parameter adjustment, the device can adapt to the planting needs of various crops such as wheat, corn, and rice, and supports various planting modes such as strip planting and no-till sowing. At the same time, the integrated operation reduces the energy consumption and time cost of multiple visits to the field, while also reducing equipment investment and maintenance costs, thereby improving overall economic benefits.

[0082] Specifically, the rotary tillage member 3 includes:

[0083] The central gear transmission box 31 is movably installed in the lifting slot 11 in the middle position of the lightweight connecting frame 1, and the front end is fixedly connected to the output end of the tractor through the transmission shaft;

[0084] The edge lifting seat 32 is arranged on both sides of the central gear transmission box 31 in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and is movably installed in the lifting slot 2 12 at the edge position of the lightweight connecting frame 1. A lifting extension plate 321 is provided on the top, and a central opening slot 322 is provided in the middle, and the central opening slot 322 is opened through to the bottom;

[0085] The rotary tillage blade shafts 33 are symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the central gear transmission box 31 in groups of two;

[0086] The rotary tillage blades 34 are evenly distributed on the rotary tillage blade shaft 33, and the rotary tillage blades 34 on adjacent rotary tillage blade shafts 33 are staggered;

[0087] An electric telescopic cylinder 35 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, and its output end is fixedly connected to the corresponding lifting extension plate 321 for adjusting the rotary tillage depth;

[0088] Specifically, the rotary tillage member 3 further includes:

[0089] A reinforcing connecting plate 36 is provided between the central gear transmission box 31 and the edge lifting seat 32. A cleaning groove 361 is provided at the bottom thereof, which is arranged one-to-one with each rotary blade 34. The cleaning groove 361 is provided through the front and rear ends thereof to facilitate regular cleaning.

[0090] The guide rails 37 are symmetrically fixedly mounted in pairs on the side wall of the central gear transmission box 31 and are movable in the guide groove 111 on the side wall of the lifting groove 11;

[0091] A limit block 38 is fixedly mounted at the end of the guide rail 37 and is used for displacement limiting;

[0092] Specifically, the ridging member 4 includes:

[0093] A fixed lifting seat 41, which is detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1;

[0094] The disc-type furrow opener 42 is detachably mounted on the lower end of the fixed lifting seat 41 and includes:

[0095] A fixed base 421 is fixed to the lower end of the fixed lifting base 41 by bolts;

[0096] The furrowing disc 422 is movably mounted on both sides of the fixing seat 421 in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the seeding end of the air-suction seeder 6 is located in the middle area of ​​the furrowing disc 422;

[0097] The straw moving rod 423 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the fixing seat 421, located at the front end of the furrowing disc 422, and aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc 422, to collect the straw to both sides of the strip;

[0098] The filling plate 424 is movably mounted on both sides of the fixing seat 421 in a mirror-symmetrical manner and is located at the rear end of the ditching disc 422;

[0099] A humidity sensor 5 is embedded and installed on one side of the soil filling plate 424 adjacent to the trenching disc 422 to detect soil humidity in real time;

[0100] Specifically, the fixed lifting seat 41 includes:

[0101] The tail connecting seat 411 is fixed to the rear side of the lightweight connecting frame 1 by bolts;

[0102] The lifting adjustment seat 412 is movably installed in the lifting slot 3 4111 in the middle position of the tail connecting seat 411, and a top extension plate 4121 is fixedly installed on the top;

[0103] The second electric telescopic cylinder 413 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the tail connecting seat 411, and the output end is fixedly connected to the top extension plate 4121, and is used to adjust the ridging depth;

[0104] Specifically, the mounting frame 7 includes:

[0105] The lightweight support rod 71 is in a hollow square shape and is arranged on both sides of the air-suction seeder 6 in a mirror-symmetrical manner. It is fixed to the side wall of the air-suction seeder 6 by bolts.

[0106] A positioning plate 72 is fixedly mounted on the end of the lightweight support rod 71 and fixedly mounted on the rear side of the tail connecting seat 411 by bolts to stabilize the position of the air-suction seeder 6;

[0107] Specifically, the multi-stage pressing member 8 includes:

[0108] A replaceable pressure seat 81 can be detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1;

[0109] At least two sets of pressing rollers 82 are movably mounted in the replaceable pressing seat 81 via a pressure adjusting member 9 for performing multi-stage pressing on the soil;

[0110] Specifically, the replaceable suppression seat 81 includes:

[0111] A fixed diagonal brace 811 is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 by means of bolts, and an adjustment slot 8111 is provided through the end thereof;

[0112] The replacement seat 812 is arranged between the fixed diagonal supports 811 and has a placement area 8122 at the bottom for placing the pressing roller 82;

[0113] Side plates 813 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat 812 and are used to fix the replacement seat 812 and the fixed diagonal brace 811 by bolts. A position plate for fixing the pressing roller 82 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat 812 and is used to fix the replacement seat 812 and the fixed diagonal brace 811 by bolts.

[0114] Specifically, the pressure regulating member 9 includes:

[0115] The movable connecting block 91 is movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 on the side wall of the placement interval 8122 via a slider 92;

[0116] A lifting positioning block 93 is movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 and located above the movable connecting block 91;

[0117] A spring 94 is fixedly disposed between the movable connection block 91 and the lifting and positioning block 93, and a damper 95 is sleeved therein;

[0118] A hydraulic cylinder 96 is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting tank 4, with its telescopic end fixedly connected to the lifting positioning block 93 and connected to the oil tank 97 at the upper end of the replacement seat 812 through a connecting pipe, for adjusting the suppression pressure;

[0119] Specifically, anti-sticking blocks 821 are fixedly installed on both sides of the pressing roller 82, and the anti-sticking blocks 821 are circumferentially distributed on the peripheral wall of the pressing roller 82. A scraper plate 8121 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the replacement seat 812, and the lower end of the scraper plate 8121 is located in the middle area of ​​the anti-sticking blocks 821, which is used to prevent mud from sticking and keep the pressing roller 82 clean.

[0120] The detailed functions of each component of this device are as follows: The lightweight connecting frame 1 is hollowed out as a whole, serving as the installation basis of the device, and providing interfaces such as lifting slot 11 and lifting slot 2 12. The modular interface design facilitates quick disassembly and maintenance, and can be supported and integrated: it carries core components such as laser radar 2, rotary tillage parts 3, ridging parts 4, and suppression parts 8 to achieve modular installation; balance between lightweight and strength: the hollow design reduces weight, while ensuring structural strength through reinforcement ribs or local thickening; terrain adaptability: by adjusting the position of each component on the connecting frame, it can adapt to plain or hilly terrain; the laser radar 2 is embedded in the front end of the lightweight connecting frame 1, connected to the control system through cables, and dynamic adjustment is achieved in combination with terrain data to improve operation accuracy , can perform terrain scanning: real-time scanning of terrain undulations, obstacles and soil surface features in the direction of travel; data feedback: transmit terrain data to the control system for adjusting the rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth and suppression pressure; the rotary tillage member 3 includes a central gear transmission box 31, an edge lifting seat 32, a rotary tillage shaft 33, a rotary tillage blade 34 and other components. The central gear transmission box 31 transmits tractor power to the rotary tillage shaft 33 on both sides. The edge lifting seat 32 is set in a mirror-symmetrical manner, with a jacking extension plate 321 on the top and a central opening slot 322 in the middle, which can be used for auxiliary support: the lifting slot 2 12 is movably connected to the lightweight connecting frame 1 to enhance the stability of the rotary tillage member; the cleaning slot 361 is designed to facilitate the residual straw and To clean the soil, the rotary tillage blade shaft 33 and the rotary tillage blade 34 are symmetrically installed in pairs. The rotary tillage blade 34 is staggered. The staggered blades improve the soil crushing efficiency and collect the straw on both sides of the strip. The height of the blade shaft is adjusted by the electric telescopic cylinder 35 to adapt to different soil hardness. The guide groove 111 cooperates with the guide rail 37 to ensure the vertical lifting of the rotary tillage piece. The limit block 38 prevents the rotary tillage piece from overtravel. The ridging piece 4 includes a fixed lifting seat 41 and a disc-type furrow opener 42. The fixed lifting seat 41 serves as the support and adjustment base of the ridging piece 4, connecting the lightweight connecting frame 1 and the disc-type furrow opener 42, providing a lifting and adjustment function to adapt to different furrowing depth requirements. The tail connecting seat 411 is fixed by bolts, and the lifting and adjustment seat 412 is connected to the electric telescopic Cylinder 2 413 is connected, and the electric telescopic cylinder 2 413 drives the lifting adjustment seat 412 to adjust the depth of the furrowing disc 422. The disc furrow opener 42 consists of a fixed seat 421, a furrowing disc 422, a straw pusher 423, a filling plate 424 and a humidity sensor 5. It performs the integrated operations of furrowing, straw collection, soil covering and humidity monitoring. The fixed seat 421 serves as the mounting base of the disc furrow opener and is connected to the fixed lifting seat 41 by bolts to ensure the stability of the furrow opener operation. The furrowing disc 422 is a disc-shaped disc set in mirror symmetry with an adjustable angle (usually 15°-30°). When it rotates, it cuts the soil to form a V-shaped groove, and furrows are opened in the strip area after the straw is collected to ensure that the width of the sowing furrow is consistent (such as a furrow width of 8-10 cm). The self-sharpening property of the disc blade is used to reduce soil resistance, adapting to high straw stubble or hard soil conditions.The seeding end of the seeder is located in the middle area of ​​the two furrowing discs 422 to ensure that the seeds fall accurately into the furrow bottom (the seeding depth error is ≤1 cm). The straw lever 423 is pre-placed at the front end of the furrowing disc 422 and aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc 422 to collect the straw to both sides of the strip. The straw lever 423 is arc-shaped or serrated, and the inclination angle is adjustable (such as 30°-45°) to adapt to different straw lengths (such as 20-40 cm for corn straw and 10-20 cm for wheat straw). The height matches the furrowing disc 422 to ensure that the collected straw does not hinder the subsequent furrowing operation. The straw collection rate is ≥90%, forming a width of about 30-40 The straw-free strip of cm is used to avoid entanglement of the disc and reduce disturbance of the seed bed. The filling plate 424 is installed in a mirror-symmetrical manner at the rear end of the furrowing disc 422 to backfill the loose soil after furrowing into the sowing furrow, complete the soil covering and shape the ridge. The angle is adjustable (such as 10°-20° backward), and the soil covering thickness is controlled (such as 3-5 cm) to ensure uniform seed coverage. The plate surface is smooth or designed with a guide groove to reduce soil adhesion. According to agronomic requirements, the spacing between the filling plates is adjusted (such as ridge height 15-20 cm, ridge spacing 60-70 cm) to form a standard ridge shape to promote drainage and root development. The humidity sensor 5 monitors the soil moisture of the seed bed after filling in real time and feeds back data to optimize operation parameters. The humidity sensor 5 is embedded on the inner side of the filling plate 424, 5-8 cm, directly contacting the backfill soil, ensuring that the detection position is close to the seed layer, when the humidity is too high (such as >30%), the linkage pressing member 8 increases the pressure to compact the soil to prevent the seeds from rotting, and when the humidity is too low (such as <15%), reduce the pressing pressure or increase the furrowing depth to improve the moisture retention capacity. The air-suction seeder 6 is fixedly installed through the mounting frame 7. The modular design of the air-suction seeder 6 supports replacement with a no-till seeder, which can realize sowing before and after pressing. The pressing member 8 mainly includes a replaceable pressing seat 81, a pressing roller 82, a pressure regulating member 9 and other components. The fixed diagonal support 811 is fixedly installed on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame 1 by bolts, and an adjusting long slot 8111 is opened at the end to allow vertical fine-tuning of the pressing roller position and facilitate replacement. The replacement seat 812 is located between the fixed diagonal supports 811, and a placement interval 8 is provided at the bottom. 122 is used to install the pressure roller 82. The side plate 813 fixes the replacement seat 812 to the fixed diagonal support 811 through bolts to ensure that the pressure roller 82 works stably. Different types of pressure rollers (such as rubber rollers, steel rollers) can be replaced through the replacement seat 812 to adapt to the needs of sticky soil or hard soil. At least two groups of pressure rollers work separately, and each section can adjust the pressure independently. The anti-sticking blocks 821 are distributed circumferentially on the surface of the pressure roller and adopt a raised or toothed design to reduce soil adhesion. The scraper plate 8121 is installed at the bottom of the replacement seat 812, located behind the pressure roller 82, and is used to scrape off the soil adhered to the roller surface. The hydraulic cylinder 96 is installed in the lifting groove 4 on the top of the replacement seat 812 and is connected to the oil storage tank 97 through the hydraulic oil circuit. The spring 94 and the damper 95 are installed in series between the movable connection block 91 and the lifting positioning block 93 to buffer the impact of operation.The movable connecting block 91 slides within the lifting groove 4 via the slider 92, transmitting pressure to the pressing roller 82. The pressing roller 82 compacts the soil on the ridge surface through its own weight and hydraulic pressure, eliminating soil gaps after rotary tillage, promoting seed-soil contact, and improving seedling emergence rate. For hilly and sloping land, the hydraulic cylinder 96 increases the pressing pressure to prevent soil erosion. For plain areas, the pressure is reduced to avoid excessive compaction and soil compaction.

[0121] Working principle: This device realizes the integrated operation of the whole process from straw processing, soil tillage to sowing and pressing through the coordinated operation of multiple components. Its working principle can be divided into the following core links:

[0122] 1. Terrain Perception and Dynamic Adjustment

[0123] 1. LiDAR terrain scanning

[0124] Function: The LiDAR 2 at the front end of the device scans the terrain data in the direction of travel in real time, such as slope, obstacles, soil surface characteristics, etc.

[0125] Data feedback: Scanning data is transmitted to the control system to generate an elevation model and soil property analysis, providing a dynamic adjustment basis for subsequent operation parameters (rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth, and suppression pressure).

[0126] Intelligent decision-making: shallow tillage and low-pressure mode is adopted in plain areas, while deep tillage and high-pressure mode is switched to in hilly areas to ensure that operations are adaptable to the terrain.

[0127] 2. Straw rowing and soil rotary tillage

[0128] 1. Straw pretreatment

[0129] Operation: A straw returning mechanism can be set at the front end of the tractor. The straw returning mechanism is a common technical means in the existing technology and will not be described in detail here. It returns the straw to the row. At the same time, the subsequent straw shifting rod 423 is redundantly set. The missed field straw is shifted to both sides of the working strip at the front end of the furrowing disc 422 to form a straw returning area, avoiding straw covering the sowing area, reducing the interference of straw on sowing and suppression, and promoting the concentrated return of straw to the field to improve soil fertility.

[0130] 2. Dynamic soil crushing by rotary tillage

[0131] Power transmission: The tractor power drives the rotary tiller shaft 33 to rotate through the central gear transmission box 31, driving the staggered rotary tiller blades 34 to break the soil.

[0132] Depth adjustment: The electric telescopic cylinder 35 adjusts the height of the central gear transmission box 31 and the edge lifting seat 32 according to the terrain data to control the depth of the rotary tiller into the soil, 10-15 cm on plains and 15-20 cm on hills.

[0133] Soil preparation: The rotary tiller 34 breaks up the soil and collects the broken soil in the center of the strip, forming a loose and breathable tillage layer, providing ideal conditions for subsequent sowing.

[0134] 3. Precision furrowing and synchronous sowing

[0135] 1. Dynamic adjustment of trenching depth

[0136] Humidity detection: The humidity sensor 5 on the filling plate 424 detects soil moisture in real time, and the data is fed back to the control system.

[0137] Intelligent depth adjustment: When the humidity is too high, the electric telescopic cylinder 413 lifts the lifting adjustment seat 412 to reduce the trenching depth to prevent the seeds from being waterlogged; when the humidity is too low, the trenching depth is increased to ensure that the seeds contact the moist soil.

[0138] 2. Disc furrowing and air suction seeding

[0139] Furrowing: The mirror-symmetrical furrowing disc 422 cuts V-shaped grooves in the soil to form neat sowing furrows.

[0140] Synchronous sowing: The air-suction seeder 6 absorbs seeds through negative pressure and accurately sows them to the bottom of the groove, with uniform and controllable sowing density.

[0141] Backfilling: The backfill board 424 backfills the soil on both sides into the trench, covers the seeds and forms a flat ridge surface to protect the seeds from wind erosion or bird feeding.

[0142] 4. Multi-stage suppression and soil compaction

[0143] 1. Adaptive adjustment of suppression pressure

[0144] Terrain adaptation:

[0145] Plain areas: Hydraulic cylinder 96 reduces the pressure of pressing roller 82 to prevent soil compaction;

[0146] Hilly areas: Increase pressure to prevent soil erosion and promote seed-soil contact.

[0147] Dynamic buffering: Spring 94 and damper 95 absorb the operation shock and keep the suppression pressure stable.

[0148] 2. Segmented suppression and cleaning

[0149] Multi-stage compaction: At least two groups of compaction rollers 82 compact the ridge surface in sections to ensure uniform soil compaction and improve seed emergence rate.

[0150] Anti-stick design: The anti-stick block 821 on the peripheral wall of the pressing roller cooperates with the scraper 8121 at the bottom of the replacement seat 812 to scrape off the sticking mud and prevent the pressing roller from slipping or clogging.

[0151] 5. Modular Expansion and Flexible Adaptation

[0152] 1. Switching sowing mode

[0153] Sowing before pressing: Use air-suction seeder 6, and press and compact after sowing;

[0154] Sowing after suppression: Remove the air-suction seeder and replace it with a no-till seeder to adapt to the needs of no-till agronomy.

[0155] 2. Quick replacement of pressure roller

[0156] Adapt to different soils: The type of pressing roller can be quickly changed by replacing the seat 812, such as rubber roller for sticky soil and steel roller for hard soil.

[0157] Example 1: Wheat Planting in Plain Areas

[0158] Homework Preparation

[0159] Make sure the tractor power take-off is securely connected to the unit's drive shaft.

[0160] Check the 6 seed bins of the air seeder and fill them with wheat seeds.

[0161] Adjust the tillage element 3 to shallow tillage mode (tillage depth 10-12 cm).

[0162] Workflow

[0163] Starting device: When the tractor moves, the lidar 2 starts scanning the terrain and feeding back data to the control system.

[0164] Straw returning to rows: The straw in the field is moved to both sides of the working strip through the straw returning device at the front end of the tractor.

[0165] Rotary tillage and soil crushing: The rotary tillage blade 34 crushes the soil to form a loose tillage layer.

[0166] Furrow sowing: the furrow disc 22 cuts the V-shaped groove, and the air-suction seeder 6 sows accurately.

[0167] Compaction: The multi-segmented roller 82 compacts the soil in a low-pressure mode to ensure seed-to-soil contact.

[0168] Example 2: Corn Planting in Hilly Areas

[0169] Homework Preparation

[0170] The plain mode pressing roller 82 is removed and replaced with a high pressure steel roller.

[0171] Adjust ridging element 4 to deep furrow mode (furrow depth 8-10 cm).

[0172] Check the working status of humidity sensor 5 to ensure that the soil moisture data is accurate.

[0173] Workflow

[0174] Terrain scanning: LiDAR 2 scans hilly terrain and feeds back slope data to the control system.

[0175] Straw returning to the row: The straw returning device moves the straw to both sides of the strip to avoid covering the sowing area.

[0176] Deep tillage: Adjust the tillage element 3 to deep tillage mode (tillage depth 15-18 cm) to break up the hard soil.

[0177] Precise furrowing: The furrowing disc 422 cuts uniform furrows on the slope, and the air-suction seeder 6 sows seeds synchronously.

[0178] High-pressure pressing: The multi-section pressing roller 82 operates in high-pressure mode to prevent soil erosion and ensure that the seeds contact moist soil.

[0179] Example 3: No-till seeding in high humidity areas

[0180] Homework Preparation

[0181] Adjust the rotary tillage element 3 to shallow tillage mode (tillage depth 8-10 cm) to reduce soil disturbance.

[0182] Remove the air-suction seeder 6 and install the no-till seeder.

[0183] Check the linkage adjustment function of the humidity sensor 5 and the ditching disc 422.

[0184] Workflow

[0185] LiDAR scanning: Real-time monitoring of terrain in high-humidity areas to avoid low-lying waterlogged areas.

[0186] Straw returning to row: The straw returning device collects the straw to both sides of the strip to prevent clogging of the no-till planter.

[0187] Shallow tillage: The rotary tillage blade 34 slightly breaks up the topsoil and maintains the moisture of the lower soil layer.

[0188] No-till seeding: The no-till seeding machine sows seeds directly through the middle area of ​​the furrow disc 422.

[0189] Light pressure to maintain soil moisture: The multi-segment pressing roller 82 operates in a low-pressure mode to prevent excessive compaction that may cause soil compaction.

[0190] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0191] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw row strip rotary tillage ridge pressing device, characterized in that: include: A lightweight connecting frame (1), serving as the installation base of the device, is hollowed out as a whole; A laser radar (2) is mounted on the front end of the lightweight connecting frame (1) and is used to scan the direction of travel and provide terrain data; A rotary tillage member (3) is arranged at the lower end of the lightweight connecting frame (1) for performing adaptive rotary tillage on the soil; At least two groups of ridging members (4) are detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), and a humidity sensor (5) is integrated and mounted thereon, and the furrowing depth is adjusted according to feedback data; At least two groups of air-suction seeders (6) are detachably mounted on the rear end of the ridging member (4) via a mounting frame (7) for seeding in the furrow; A multi-stage pressing member (8) is detachably arranged at the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1) and located at the rear end of the corresponding ridging member (4), and can adjust the pressing force according to the pressing requirements; Among them, the device can adjust the arable land requirements according to different terrains, including but not limited to plains, hills, mountains and terraces, by dynamically adjusting the rotary tillage depth, furrowing depth and suppression pressure to adapt to the arable land requirements of various terrains; The rotary tillage member (3) comprises: A central gear transmission box (31) is movably installed in a lifting slot (11) at the middle position of the lightweight connecting frame (1), and its front end is fixedly connected to the output end of the tractor through a transmission shaft; The edge lifting seat (32) is arranged on both sides of the central gear transmission box (31) in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and is movably installed in the lifting slot 2 (12) at the edge position of the lightweight connecting frame (1). A lifting extension plate (321) is provided on the top, and a central opening slot (322) is provided in the middle, and the central opening slot (322) is opened through to the bottom; Rotary tillage blade shafts (33) are symmetrically mounted on the side wall of the central gear transmission box (31) in groups of two; The rotary tillage blades (34) are evenly distributed on the rotary tillage blade shaft (33), and the rotary tillage blades (34) on adjacent rotary tillage blade shafts (33) are staggered; An electric telescopic cylinder (35) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lightweight connecting frame (1), and its output end is fixedly connected to the corresponding lifting extension plate (321) for adjusting the rotary tillage depth; The rotary tillage member (3) further comprises: A reinforcing connecting plate (36) is provided between the central gear transmission box (31) and the edge lifting seat (32), and a cleaning groove (361) is provided at the bottom thereof, which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the rotary tiller blade (34). The cleaning groove (361) is provided through the front and rear ends thereof to facilitate regular cleaning; Guide rails (37) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the side wall of the central gear transmission box (31) in pairs, and are movable in a lifting manner in the guide groove (111) on the side wall of the lifting groove (11); A limit block (38) is fixedly mounted on the end of the guide rail (37) and is used for displacement limiting; The multi-section pressing member (8) comprises: A replaceable pressure seat (81) is detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1); At least two sets of pressing rollers (82) are movably mounted in the replaceable pressing seat (81) via a pressure adjustment member (9) for performing multi-stage pressing on the soil; The replaceable pressure seat (81) includes: A fixed diagonal brace (811) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1) by means of bolts, and an adjustment slot (8111) is provided through the end thereof; A replacement seat (812) is arranged between the fixed diagonal supports (811), and has a placement area (8122) at the bottom for placing the pressing roller (82); Side plates (813) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat (812) and fixed to the replacement seat (812) and the fixed diagonal brace (811) by bolts; a position plate for fixing the pressing roller (82) is fixedly mounted on both sides of the replacement seat (812) and fixed to the replacement seat (812) and the fixed diagonal brace (811) by bolts; The pressure regulating member (9) comprises: A movable connecting block (91) is movably mounted in a lifting groove 4 on the side wall of the placement interval (8122) via a slider (92); A lifting positioning block (93) is movably mounted in the lifting slot 4 and is located above the movable connecting block (91); A spring (94) is fixedly arranged between the movable connection block (91) and the lifting positioning block (93), and a damper (95) is provided inside the spring; The hydraulic cylinder (96) is fixedly mounted on the top of the lifting slot 4, with its telescopic end fixedly connected to the lifting positioning block (93), and is connected to the oil storage tank (97) at the upper end of the replacement seat (812) through a connecting pipe for adjusting the suppression pressure.

2. The straw row strip rotary tillage and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridging member (4) comprises: A fixed lifting seat (41) is detachably mounted on the rear end of the lightweight connecting frame (1); A disc-type furrow opener (42) is detachably mounted on the lower end of the fixed lifting seat (41), and includes: A fixed seat (421) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fixed lifting seat (41) by means of bolts; The furrowing disc (422) is movably mounted on both sides of the fixing seat (421) in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the seeding end of the air-suction seeder (6) is located in the middle area of ​​the furrowing disc (422); A straw shifting rod (423) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the fixing seat (421), is located at the front end of the furrowing disc (422), and is aligned with the symmetry line of the furrowing disc (422), and collects the straw to both sides of the strip; Filling plates (424) are movably mounted on both sides of the fixing seat (421) in a mirror-symmetrical manner and are located at the rear end of the ditching disc (422); A humidity sensor (5) is embedded and installed on one side of the soil filling plate (424) adjacent to the trenching disc (422) to detect soil humidity in real time.

3. The straw row strip rotary tillage and ridging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed lifting seat (41) comprises: A tail connecting seat (411) is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the lightweight connecting frame (1) by means of bolts; A lifting adjustment seat (412) is movably installed in the lifting slot 3 (4111) at the middle position of the tail connecting seat (411), and a top extension plate (4121) is fixedly installed on the top; The second electric telescopic cylinder (413) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the tail connecting seat (411), and the output end is fixedly connected to the top extension plate (4121), and is used to adjust the ridging depth.

4. The straw row-rowing strip rotary tillage and ridging device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting frame (7) comprises: A lightweight support rod (71) is arranged in a hollow square shape as a whole, is arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on both sides of the air-suction seeder (6), and is fixed to the side wall of the air-suction seeder (6) by bolts; A positioning plate (72) is fixedly mounted on the end of the lightweight support rod (71) and fixedly mounted on the rear side of the tail connecting seat (411) by means of bolts, and is used to stabilize the position of the air-suction seeder (6).

5. The straw row-rowing strip rotary tillage and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anti-sticking blocks (821) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the pressing roller (82), and the anti-sticking blocks (821) are circumferentially distributed on the peripheral wall of the pressing roller (82). A scraper plate (8121) is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the replacement seat (812), and the lower end of the scraper plate (8121) is located in the middle area of ​​the anti-sticking blocks (821), and is used to prevent mud from sticking and keep the pressing roller (82) clean.

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