Tobacco leaf mechanical auxiliary harvesting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tobacco leaf mechanical auxiliary harvesting device and method.The tobacco leaf mechanical auxiliary harvesting device comprises an inter-ridge conveyor, the inter-ridge conveyor walks in a furrow in a matched mode, ridge body slopes are arranged at the two ends of the furrow, the inter-ridge conveyor comprises a walking chassis and guide wheels, the guide wheels are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the walking chassis, and the two guide wheels walk on the surfaces of the ridge body slopes; handrails are symmetrically installed at the two ends of the top of the inter-ridge conveyor, a fresh leaf bag is arranged between the two handrails, and front handles are symmetrically and integrally arranged at one ends of the two handrails. The inter-ridge conveyor is used for being matched with manual picking, tobacco leaves can be rapidly conveyed to the fresh leaf bag, and manual carrying time and physical output are reduced; the tobacco leaves are directly placed in the fresh leaf bags after being manually picked, so that the tobacco leaves are prevented from being damaged or stacked and placed disorderly in the transportation process, the uniformity of the tobacco leaves is favorably kept, the bale breaking phenomenon in the subsequent bale packing process is avoided, and the quality of the tobacco leaves is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tobacco leaf harvesting, and in particular to a tobacco leaf mechanically assisted harvesting device and method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, tobacco leaf harvesting is generally done entirely manually. Statistics show that losses during the harvesting process account for approximately 3-5% of total production, directly caused by mispicks, missed picks, and mechanical damage. Based on a tobacco yield of 200 kg per mu (approximately 1.5 acres) and a current purchase price of 38 yuan per kg, the harvesting process incurs a significant loss of 228 yuan per mu for tobacco farmers.

[0003] During manual tobacco harvesting, pickers perform three roles: picking, baling, and transporting. A specific work scenario: On hot summer mornings, pickers, armed with headlamps, enter the fields to pick tobacco leaves. Each time they bend over, they pick 10 to 20 leaves, cradling them in their arms as they go. They then place the fresh leaves on the ridges, forming small piles. Bundlers, armed with fresh tobacco bags, then gather the small piles into 50kg piles, wrapping them in fresh bags, and bundle them into bundles. Finally, transporters carry the tobacco bales on their shoulders and temporarily place them on the roadside, where they are loaded onto the transport trucks once they arrive at the edge of the field.

[0004] There are three main reasons for the mis-picking and missed picking of tobacco leaves when harvesting tobacco leaves by hand: first, tobacco leaves are harvested during the hot season, and the pickers' working ability decreases under the high temperature environment; second, in order to avoid the high temperature, the pickers carry headlamps into the fields before dawn to harvest, and the light from the headlamps alone is insufficient during harvesting, which leads to misjudgment; third, there is a serious loss of young and middle-aged labor force in rural areas, and labor is concentrated during the harvest season, resulting in a large number of older pickers with poor working ability.

[0005] When tobacco leaves are harvested purely manually, they need to be picked up and put down many times and transported many times, which causes mechanical damage to the tobacco leaves.

[0006] In the prior art, there are two methods of using auxiliary conveyors to assist manual harvesting of tobacco leaves, which can reduce bumps and scratches to a certain extent, but also have major defects.

[0007] The patent named "Tobacco Field Harvesting Vehicle" (patent number CN201020604020.7) discloses a tobacco leaf field auxiliary harvesting and transportation machine. The machine consists of a frame, wheels, a working platform and tobacco clamp buckles. The machine walks across the ridges and can complete the leaf picking, tobacco clamping and field transportation operations in one go. The purpose is to reduce the workload of manual transportation of tobacco leaves between ridges, reduce the number of tobacco leaf transfers, and reduce tobacco leaf damage. The machine requires manual placement of tobacco leaves and closing of tobacco clamps, but because the machine's working platform is higher than the tobacco plants, the harvesting vehicle is high from the ground, making it inconvenient for manual follow-up operations and having poor practicality. The machine is also unpowered and requires manual push, so it cannot hold large amounts of tobacco leaves.

[0008] The patent named "Tobacco field harvesting and handling device" (CN201821840319.5) discloses a tobacco leaf field transportation device, including a vehicle frame, wheels and a working platform, with fixed points for tobacco leaf packing bags, capable of completing the tasks of tobacco leaf piling and transportation at one time, reducing the workload of manual round-trip transportation of tobacco leaves and secondary bundling. However, this machine has no power and is pushed manually, and it is also unable to load a large amount of tobacco leaves. Therefore, we propose a mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device and method, aiming to reduce tobacco leaf harvesting losses, reduce the labor load of pickers, and improve manual efficiency.

[0010] To achieve the above object, a mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device includes an inter-ridge transporter, which is configured to move cooperatively in the ridge trench, and ridge slopes are provided at both ends of the ridge trench.

[0011] The inter-ridge transporter includes a walking chassis and guide wheels. The guide wheels are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the walking chassis, and the two guide wheels move on the surface of the ridge slope. At both ends of the top of the inter-ridge transporter, railings are symmetrically installed, and a fresh leaf bag is arranged between the two railings.

[0012] Preferably, at one end of the two railings, front handles are symmetrically and integrally provided, and at the other end of the two railings, rear handles are symmetrically provided.

[0013] Preferably, the fresh leaf bag is made of a flexible material and has an overall square structure.

[0014] Preferably, through holes are equidistantly formed at the edge of the fresh leaf bag.

[0015] Preferably, the walking chassis is self-powered and the walking speed of the walking chassis is adjustable.

[0016] According to the usage method of the mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device described above, the following steps are included:

[0017] S1. Preparation before operation:

[0018] S11. The harvester should be trained to be proficient in using the inter-ridge operation.

[0019] S12. Fill the inter-ridge transporter with oil or electricity, check that the functions of each operation handle and button are normal, check that the steering wheels and guide wheels at the bottom of the walking chassis are flexible, and check that the bolts of the inter-ridge transporter are tightened.

[0020] S2. Machine enters the field:

[0021] S21. Drive the between-ridge transporter into the furrow of the tobacco field with the front wheels facing the forward direction. When there is a drainage ditch at the edge of the field, add a gangplank for the vehicle to enter the field, and two people assist in entering the field.

[0022] S22. Place the fresh leaf bag on the between-ridge vehicle and fix it on the hook of the railing for the directly placed picked tobacco leaves.

[0023] S23. Start the between-ridge transporter and set the forward speed of the machine matching the manual tobacco leaf picking speed.

[0024] S3. Harvesting:

[0025] S31. Manually pick the tobacco leaves and directly place the picked tobacco leaves on the between-ridge transporter, and the between-ridge transporter walks in the furrow by itself.

[0026] S32. In case of potholes or large-sized weeds, the transporter is prone to tipping or skidding, and it is necessary to manually adjust the machine in time.

[0027] S33. The tobacco leaves should be neatly placed on the fresh leaf bag to avoid unpacking during subsequent bundling.

[0028] S4. Packing and unloading: When the tobacco leaves are piled up to the maximum capacity, the picking of tobacco leaves should be stopped, and the fresh leaf bag is directly packed on the transporter, and the machine is operated to drive to the field edge for unloading.

[0029] S5. Machine changing ridges:

[0030] S51. When operated by one person, the picker stands in front of the between-ridge transporter, holds the front handle to lift the front wheels, and at the same time makes the machine move forward. The picker changes the ridge while retreating. Or the picker stands behind the machine, holds the rear handle to lift the front wheels, and the picker changes the ridge while moving forward. When operated by two people, the two people hold the front handle and the rear handle at the same time to lift the front wheels and change the ridge.

[0031] S52. After changing the ridge, continue with step S3 for tobacco leaf picking.

[0032] Preferably, when harvesting tobacco leaves in step S3, the harvesting amount of tobacco leaves per trip is less than the maximum loading capacity of the machine to avoid the situation of stopping harvesting in the middle of the ridge and transporting the tobacco to the field edge for unloading.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] 1. The present invention uses a power-driven self-propelled between-ridge transporter to assist in tobacco leaf harvesting. The picker is responsible for picking tobacco leaves, and the between-ridge transporter is responsible for transporting tobacco leaves. The between-ridge transporter has its own power and can walk by itself; the machine walks in the furrow, and the machine is provided with a balance and guiding device to automatically correct the driving direction; railings are provided on both sides of the machine. The bottom plate of the transporter is flat.

[0035] 2. When the guide wheel of the present invention contacts the ridge slope, the ridge slope generates a reaction force on the guide wheel, thereby correcting the traveling direction of the inter-ridge transporter, enabling the inter-ridge transporter to autonomously travel in the furrow, and reducing the actions of the pickers to control the machine direction.

[0036] 3. By using the inter-ridge transporter in cooperation with manual picking in the present invention, the tobacco leaves can be quickly transported to the fresh leaf bag, reducing the time and physical consumption of manual handling, thereby greatly improving the harvesting efficiency.

[0037] 4. After the tobacco leaves are manually picked in the present invention, they are directly placed in the fresh leaf bag, avoiding damage or random stacking of the tobacco leaves during transportation, helping to maintain the neatness of the tobacco leaves, avoiding the phenomenon of loose bales during subsequent packing, and ensuring the quality of the tobacco leaves.

[0038] 5. During the picking process in the present invention, the tobacco leaves can be directly packed on the inter-ridge transporter, eliminating the need for additional transportation. When the fresh leaf bag reaches its maximum capacity, it can be directly unloaded and sent to the field head, greatly improving the coherence and efficiency of the overall operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the mechanical-assisted tobacco leaf harvesting operation system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inter-ridge transporter of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fresh leaf bag of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a diagram of the two-person-one-machine operation mode of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a diagram of the two-person-one-machine operation mode of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the one-person-one-machine operation mode of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1. Inter-ridge transporter; 11. Traveling chassis; 12. Guide wheel; 13. Front handle; 14. Rail; 15. Rear handle; 41. Furrow; 42. Ridge slope; 2. Fresh leaf bag; 21. Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0046] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a mechanical auxiliary harvesting device for tobacco leaves, including an inter-ridge transporter 1, the inter-ridge transporter 1 is configured to travel in the ridge trench 41, and ridge slopes 42 are provided at both ends of the ridge trench 41.

[0048] It should be noted that during the operation process, the picking workers can easily control the movement of the inter-ridge transporter 1. The inter-ridge transporter 1 is placed to travel at the ridge trench 41 and will not cause damage to the tobacco leaves in the morning.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2 , the inter-ridge transporter 1 includes a traveling chassis 11 and guide wheels 12. Guide wheels 12 are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the traveling chassis 11, and the two guide wheels 12 travel on the surface of the ridge slope 42. At both ends of the top of the inter-ridge transporter 1, guardrails 14 are symmetrically installed, and a fresh leaf bag 2 is provided between the two guardrails 14.

[0050] It should be noted that the fresh leaf bag 2 is fixed inside the guardrail 14 on the inter-ridge transporter 1 and is fixed to the guardrail 14 by tying ropes or hooks. When the two guide wheels 12 travel on the surface of the ridge slope 42 and the guide wheels 12 contact the ridge slope 42, the ridge slope 42 generates a reaction force on the guide wheels 12, thereby correcting the traveling direction of the inter-ridge transporter 1, enabling the inter-ridge transporter 1 to travel autonomously in the ridge trench 41 and reducing the actions of the picking workers to control the machine direction.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 , at one end of the two guardrails 14, front handles 13 are symmetrically and integrally provided, and at the other end of the two guardrails 14, rear handles 15 are symmetrically provided.

[0052] It should be noted that by providing the front handles 13 and the rear handles 15, during the operation process, the picking workers can easily operate the front handles 13 and the rear handles 15 to control the movement and ridge changing of the inter-ridge transporter 1. Through the one-person or two-person operation mode, the operation flexibility is stronger, adapting to different operation scenarios and requirements.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 3 , the fresh leaf bag 2 is made of a flexible material and the fresh leaf bag 2 is integrally in a square structure.

[0054] It should be noted that with the setting of the flexible fresh leaf bag 2, during the picking process, the tobacco leaves can be conveniently and directly packed on the inter-ridge transporter 1, eliminating the additional transportation link. When the fresh leaf bag 2 reaches its maximum capacity, it can be directly unloaded and sent to the field head, greatly improving the coherence and efficiency of the overall operation process.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 3 , through holes 21 are equidistantly arranged at the edge of the fresh leaf bag 2.

[0056] It should be noted that the through hole 21 is provided to facilitate the tying of the fresh leaf bag 2 to the railing 14 and also facilitate the packing of the picked tobacco leaves.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 1 , the walking chassis 11 has its own power and the walking speed of the walking chassis 11 is adjustable.

[0058] It should be noted that the introduction of the between-ridge transporter 1 can effectively reduce the working intensity of the tobacco leaf pickers in carrying the tobacco leaves, reduce physical consumption. Especially through the design of adjustable walking speed, it can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual picking speed to further optimize the operation rhythm.

[0059] Please refer to Figures 1-6 , according to the usage method of a tobacco leaf mechanical auxiliary harvesting device described in any one of the above, it includes the following steps:

[0060] S1. Preparation before operation:

[0061] S11. The harvester should be trained to be proficient in operating between the ridges;

[0062] S12. Fill the between-ridge transporter 1 with oil or electricity, check that the functions of each operation handle and button are normal, check that the steering wheel and guide wheel 12 at the bottom of the walking chassis 11 can move freely, and check that the bolts of the between-ridge transporter 1 are tightened;

[0063] S2. Machine enters the field:

[0064] S21. Drive the between-ridge transporter 1 into the ridge ditch 41 of the tobacco field, with the front wheels facing the forward direction. When there is a drainage ditch at the edge of the field, add a gangplank when the vehicle enters the field and two people assist in entering the field;

[0065] S22. Place the fresh leaf bag 2 on the between-ridge vehicle and fix it on the hook of the railing 14 for the directly placed picked tobacco leaves;

[0066] S23. Start the between-ridge transporter 1 and set the forward speed of the machine matching the manual tobacco leaf picking speed;

[0067] S3. Harvesting:

[0068] S31. Manually pick the tobacco leaves and directly place the picked tobacco leaves on the between-ridge transporter 1, and the between-ridge transporter 1 walks in the ridge ditch 41 by itself;

[0069] S32. In case of potholes or large-sized weeds, the transporter is prone to tipping or slipping, and manual adjustment of the machine is required in a timely manner;

[0070] S33. The tobacco leaves should be neatly placed on the fresh leaf bag 2 to avoid unpacking during subsequent bundling;

[0071] S4. Packing and unloading: When the tobacco leaves are stacked to the maximum capacity, the picking of tobacco leaves should be stopped, and the fresh leaf bags 2 should be directly packed on the transporter. Then, the operating machine drives to the field edge for unloading.

[0072] S5. Machine row changing:

[0073] S51. When operated by one person, the picker stands in front of the row transporter 1 between the rows, holds the front handle 13 to lift the front wheels, and at the same time makes the machine move forward. The picker changes rows while retreating. Or the picker stands behind the machine, holds the rear handle 15 to lift the front wheels, and the picker changes rows while moving forward. When operated by two people, the two people hold the front handle 13 and the rear handle 15 simultaneously to lift the front wheels and change rows.

[0074] S52. After the row changing is completed, continue with step S3 for tobacco leaf picking.

[0075] When harvesting tobacco leaves in step S3, the harvesting amount of tobacco leaves per trip is less than the maximum loading capacity of the machine to avoid the situation of stopping harvesting in the middle of the row and transporting the harvested tobacco to the field edge for unloading.

[0076] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device and method, characterized in that It includes an inter-ridge transporter (1) which travels in cooperation in the ridge furrow (41), and ridge slope surfaces (42) are provided at both ends of the ridge furrow (41). The inter-ridge transporter (1) includes a traveling chassis (11) and guide wheels (12). The guide wheels (12) are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the traveling chassis (11), and the two guide wheels (12) travel on the surface of the ridge slope surface (42). Railings (14) are symmetrically installed at both ends of the top of the inter-ridge transporter (1), and a fresh leaf bag (2) is arranged between the two railings (14).

2. The mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that One ends of the two railings (14) are symmetrically and integrally provided with front handles (13), and the other ends of the two railings (14) are symmetrically provided with rear handles (15).

3. The mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fresh leaf bag (2) is made of a flexible material, and the fresh leaf bag (2) is integrally in a square structure.

4. The mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Through holes (21) are equidistantly arranged at the edge of the fresh leaf bag (2).

5. The mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The traveling chassis (11) has its own power, and the traveling speed of the traveling chassis (11) is adjustable.

6. The usage method of a mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Preparation before operation: S11. The harvesting workers should be trained and proficient in using the inter-ridge operation. S12. Fill the inter-ridge transporter (1) with oil or electricity, check that the functions of each operation handle and button are normal, check that the steering wheels and guide wheels (12) at the bottom of the traveling chassis (11) move freely, and check that the bolts of the inter-ridge transporter (1) are tightened. S2. Machine enters the field: S21. Drive the inter-ridge transporter (1) into the ridge furrow (41) of the tobacco field, with the front wheels facing the forward direction. When there is a drainage ditch at the edge of the field, add a gangplank when the vehicle enters the field, and two people assist in entering the field. S22. Place the fresh leaf bag (2) on the inter-ridge vehicle and fix it on the hook of the railing (14) for the directly placed picked tobacco leaves. S23. Start the inter-ridge transporter (1) and set the machine's forward speed matching the manual tobacco leaf picking speed. S3. Harvesting: S31. Manually pick the tobacco leaves and directly place the picked tobacco leaves on the inter-ridge transporter (1). The inter-ridge transporter (1) travels in the ridge furrow (41) by itself. S32. In case of potholes and large-sized weeds, the transporter is prone to tipping or skidding, and manual adjustment of the machine is required in a timely manner. S33. The tobacco leaves should be neatly placed on the fresh leaf bag (2) to avoid unpacking during subsequent packaging. S4. Packing and unloading: When the tobacco leaves are piled up to the maximum capacity, stop picking the tobacco leaves, directly pack the fresh leaf bag (2) on the transporter, and operate the machine to drive to the field edge for unloading. S5. Machine changes ridges: S51. When operated by one person, the harvesting worker stands in front of the inter-ridge transporter (1), holds the front handle (13) to lift the front wheels, and at the same time makes the machine move forward. The harvesting worker changes ridges while retreating, or the harvesting worker stands behind the machine, holds the rear handle (15) to lift the front wheels, and the harvesting worker changes ridges while moving forward. When operated by two people, the two people hold the front handle (13) and the rear handle (15) at the same time to lift the front wheels and change ridges. S52. After changing the ridges, continue with step S3 for tobacco leaf harvesting.

7. The method for using a mechanical auxiliary tobacco leaf harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, When harvesting tobacco leaves in step S3, the harvesting amount of tobacco leaves per trip is less than the maximum loading capacity of the machine to avoid the situation of stopping harvesting in the middle of the ridge and transporting the tobacco to the field edge for unloading.

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