Stress-resistant quality-improving yield-increasing conditioning agent for wheat as well as preparation method and application of conditioning agent

Abstract

The invention provides a wheat adversity-resistant quality-improving yield-increasing regulator and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wheat planting.The wheat adversity-resistant quality-improving yield-increasing regulator comprises potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, phethalanilic acid sodium and malic acid; the mass ratio of the potassium polyaspartate to the 6-furfurylaminopurine to the phethalanilic acid sodium to the malic acid is (10-20): 2: 10: 1. The wheat adversity-resistant quality-improving yield-increasing regulator provided by the invention can improve the high-temperature heat damage resistance of wheat from the heading stage to the filling stage, improve the content of crude protein and wet gluten of wheat, improve the grain quality and increase the yield of wheat by 20% or above.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wheat cultivation, and particularly relates to a wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important food crop, wheat goes through ten stages from sowing to harvesting, namely the emergence stage, tillering stage, overwintering stage, green-reverting stage, jointing stage, booting stage, heading stage, flowering stage, filling stage, and maturity stage. The suitable environmental temperature and humidity for growth and development are different in each stage. Among them, the Huang-Huai-Hai region is the main winter wheat production area, and temperature stress, especially high-temperature stress, mainly occurs from mid-to-late April to early June, that is, from the booting stage to the filling stage. During the booting stage, the differentiation and development of wheat young spikes are relatively sensitive to temperature. A temperature of 10°C - 15°C is suitable for the development of young spikes. Too high or too low temperature affects the number of grains per spike. At this time, the average high temperature in April is 20°C, and the average low temperature is 7°C, which is not conducive to the development of wheat ears; the suitable temperature for the heading stage to the flowering stage is 18°C - 20°C. Too high or too low temperature affects the heading quality, pollen viability, and fertilization rate. The average high temperature from April to May is 20°C - 26°C, and the average low temperature is 7°C - 13°C. The filling stage is the key period for determining the grain weight of wheat. A suitable temperature of 20°C - 22°C is conducive to the accumulation and transportation of photosynthetic products and is beneficial to increasing the grain weight. However, the average high temperature from May to June is 26°C - 28°C, and the average low temperature is 13°C - 16°C, which is not conducive to filling. Especially the "dry hot wind" in the middle and late filling stage, under the influence of dry hot wind with a temperature above 30°C for 3 - 5 consecutive days, an air humidity less than 30%, and a wind force greater than 3 levels, causes a large amount of water in the wheat leaves to be lost through transpiration. At this time, the ability of the roots to absorb water decreases and cannot meet the needs of transpiration, resulting in a large amount of water loss in the wheat plant. The wheat leaves curl, turn yellow, and become brittle. The photosynthesis of the leaves, the functions of the stems and roots are blocked. The production, transportation, distribution, and accumulation of photosynthetic dry matter are blocked or stopped. In just a few days, the plants wither prematurely, the grain filling rate slows down, the filling stage is shortened, directly leading to wheat drying and premature ripening, the grain filling stops, the grains are shriveled, the thousand-grain weight of wheat decreases, and ultimately the wheat yield and quality decline. Research shows that dry hot wind can cause a wheat yield reduction of about 30%, and in severe cases, it can exceed 40%.

[0003] Due to the frequent occurrence of high-temperature stress during the booting stage to the filling stage of wheat in the main production areas, the number of grains per spike and the thousand-grain weight of wheat are reduced, and the yield and quality decline. Therefore, developing cultivation techniques to improve the stress resistance of wheat is of extremely important significance for ensuring high-quality and high-yield wheat; improving the stress resistance of wheat and coordinating the relationship between quality and yield, that is, taking the improvement of wheat stress resistance as a breakthrough to double improve the grain yield and quality, will be of extremely important significance for promoting the development of the wheat industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, its preparation method and application; the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention can improve the ability of wheat to resist high-temperature heat damage during the heading to filling stage, increase the crude protein and wet gluten content of wheat, improve the grain quality; and increase the wheat yield by more than 20%.

[0005] The present invention provides a wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, which comprises potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid;

[0006] The mass ratio of the potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid is (10-20):2:(5-15):1.

[0007] Preferably, the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is a liquid preparation.

[0008] Preferably, the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator uses water as a solvent and comprises components with the following concentrations: 50-150 g / L of potassium polyaspartate, 10-20 g / L of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50-100 g / L of sodium phthalamate, and 5-10 g / L of malic acid.

[0009] Preferably, the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator further comprises 25-35 g / L of a spreading agent.

[0010] Preferably, the spreading agent is a Triton series or a Tween series.

[0011] The present invention provides a preparation method of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] 1) React potassium polyaspartate with a potassium hydroxide solution to generate a potassium polyaspartate solution;

[0013] 2) Mix 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid with the potassium polyaspartate solution to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator.

[0014] The present invention provides an application of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator in improving the stress resistance of wheat, and the stress resistance includes resistance to high-temperature heat damage.

[0015] Preferably, the high-temperature heat damage is dry hot wind.

[0016] The present invention provides an application of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator in improving the grain quality of wheat, and the grain quality includes crude protein content and wet gluten content.

[0017] The present invention provides an application of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator in increasing the wheat yield.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention includes malic acid, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalylamide, and potassium polyaspartate. The combined action of these four substances has the ability to enhance the resistance of wheat to high-temperature heat damage and dry hot winds, and at the same time has multiple functions of increasing wheat yield and improving grain quality. The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention can significantly enhance the ability of wheat to resist high-temperature heat damage and dry hot winds, increase the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight of wheat, improve the quality of wheat, increase the wheat yield by more than 20%, and increase the crude protein and wet gluten contents of grains by more than 5% and 4% respectively. At the same time, the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention has the characteristics of low cost and convenient use, is easy to promote and apply, and has a positive promoting effect on the development of the wheat industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the field demonstration effect of Example 6 of the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator and the clear water control (Xinxiang City, Henan Province);

[0020] Figure 2 It is the field demonstration effect of Example 6 of the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator (Xinxiang City, Henan Province);

[0021] Figure 3 It is the influence of high temperature and drought on wheat (clear water control) (Xinxiang City, Henan Province);

[0022] Figure 4 It is the influence of the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of Example 6 and the clear water control on the grain maturity (Xinxiang City, Henan Province). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The present invention provides a wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, which includes potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalylamide, and malic acid; the mass ratio of potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalylamide, and malic acid is (10-20):2:(5-15):1.

[0024] In the present invention, the mass ratio of potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalylamide, and malic acid is preferably (10-20):2:10:1.

[0025] In the present invention, the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is preferably a liquid preparation; further preferably, water is used as a solvent, and it includes the following components in concentrations: 50-150 g / L of potassium polyaspartate, 10-20 g / L of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50-100 g / L of sodium phthalylamide, and 5-10 g / L of malic acid. The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator preferably further includes 25-35 g / L of a spreading agent.

[0026] In the present invention, the main function of the potassium polyaspartate is to improve the internal physiological metabolism process of wheat and enhance the ability of wheat to resist low-temperature chilling injury and high-temperature heat injury. In the present invention, the concentration of the potassium polyaspartate is preferably 60-140 g / L, more preferably 80-120 g / L; in the present invention, the concentration of the potassium polyaspartate is calculated based on the total mass of the raw materials (potassium hydroxide and polyaspartic acid).

[0027] The molecular formula of polyaspartic acid (PASP) is C4H6NO3(C4H5NO3)C4H6NO4, with a molecular weight of 1000-5000. The pure product is light brown crystals, which are poorly soluble in water, acetone, and ethyl acetate. During the growth and development of wheat, polyaspartic acid improves the physiological functions of cells by activating phosphodiesterase and regulating calcium metabolism, and improves the balance state of endogenous hormones during the growth and development of wheat by inducing and regulating the second messenger system (calmodulin), thereby enhancing the immunity of wheat somatic cells. Polyaspartate has the characteristics of antioxidation and anti-aging, can scavenge reactive oxygen species generated in tissues, has the activity of protecting enzymes, and can improve the ability of wheat to resist low-temperature chilling injury and high-temperature heat injury stress, ensuring the normal growth and development of wheat under temperature stress.

[0028] In the present invention, from the perspective of improving the ear traits of maize, increasing the number of kernels per ear and the 1000-kernel weight, 6-furfurylaminopurine, forchlorfenuron, brassinolide, α-naphthaleneacetic acid, and indolebutyric acid were selected. Among them, compared with the treatment of 6-furfurylaminopurine, the number of kernels per ear decreased after the treatment of indolebutyric acid, and the difference in 1000-kernel weight was not significant; the number of kernels per ear and the 1000-kernel weight after the treatments of brassinolide and forchlorfenuron were significantly lower than those after the treatment of 6-furfurylaminopurine; the differences in the number of kernels per ear and the 1000-kernel weight after the treatment of α-naphthaleneacetic acid were not significant, but showed a decreasing trend. Therefore, α-naphthaleneacetic acid and 6-furfurylaminopurine are preferably selected. Considering the application method and practical effect, 6-furfurylaminopurine is the optimal component as a foliar spray.

[0029] 6-furfurylaminopurine (6-(Furfurylamino)purine, 6-KT), chemical name: 6-furanmethylaminopurine, molecular formula C 10H9N5O, with a molecular weight of 215.21. It is a white crystalline powder with a melting point of 266 - 269°C and is an amphoteric compound. It is readily soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute alkali solutions; poorly soluble in water, ethanol, ether, and acetone. It can promote cell division, differentiation, and growth; break dormancy and improve seed vigor; delay leaf senescence; attract the transportation of photosynthetic products to grains, promote grain filling, and increase the seed setting rate, etc. The research of this invention found that foliar spraying of 6-furfurylaminopurine can promote the vegetative growth of wheat; promote grain development; delay leaf senescence; promote heading, increase the number of effective spikes and grains, increase the seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight; under high-temperature and drought stress, 6-BA treatment significantly increases the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight of wheat, increases the crude protein and wet gluten content of grains, and improves the grain quality.

[0030] In this invention, the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator comprises 6-furfurylaminopurine at 10 - 20 g / L, preferably 11 - 19 g / L, more preferably 12 - 18 g / L.

[0031] From the perspectives of improving pollen viability, increasing the number of grains per spike, and filling intensity, this invention selects sodium phenylacetamide (phenylacetic acid), gibberellin, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and brassinolide. Among them, compared with sodium phenylacetamide, there is no significant difference in the 1000-grain weight of wheat treated with brassinolide, and the number of grains per spike is lower than that of sodium phenylacetamide; the number of grains per spike and 1000-grain weight of wheat treated with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid are both lower than those treated with sodium phenylacetate; there is no significant difference in the 1000-grain weight and the number of grains per spike of wheat treated with gibberellin and those treated with sodium phenylacetate. However, gibberellin is unstable in the presence of alkali and is prone to denaturation and decomposition when mixed with polyaspartate. Therefore, gibberellin and sodium phenylacetamide are preferably selected. Considering the chemical stability, application method, and practical effect of the product, sodium phenylacetamide is the optimal component as a foliar spray.

[0032] Sodium phenylacetamide, English name: N-phenyl-phthalamic acid, PA, alias: o-(N-anilinocarbonyl)benzoic acid (sodium), chemical formula: C 14 H 11NO3, molecular weight: 241.24. The pure product is a white powder, soluble in water, and stable under normal temperature storage. Melting point: 170 - 172°C, boiling point: 384.01°C, CAS registry number: 4727 - 29 - 1, toxicity: rat acute oral LD50 > 5 g / kg (male / female), rat acute percutaneous LD50 > 2 g / kg (male / female), low toxicity. Phthalanilic acid (sodium) is a new type of plant growth regulator, and there are many studies on its application in fruit trees. Under stress, spraying phthalanilic acid (sodium) on the leaf surface can enhance plant cell vitality, promote chlorophyll synthesis, alleviate the contradiction of insufficient essential endogenous hormones such as gibberellin and cytokinin during the flowering period of plants, induce the migration of photosynthetic products to flowers and young fruits, induce the development of flower organs and young fruits, improve the pollination rate and fruit setting rate, promote fruit swelling, and optimize fruit quality. The research of this invention found that spraying sodium phthalanilate on the leaf surface at the full - heading stage of winter wheat improved the ability of winter wheat to resist high - temperature stress and dry hot wind, significantly increased the number of grains per spike and 1000 - grain weight of wheat, increased the crude protein and wet gluten content of wheat grains, and improved the quality of wheat grains.

[0033] In this invention, the wheat stress - resistant quality - improving and yield - increasing regulator comprises 50 - 100 g / L of sodium phthalanilate, preferably 60 - 90 g / L, more preferably 70 - 80 g / L.

[0034] In this invention, the wheat stress - resistant quality - improving and yield - increasing regulator comprises 5 - 10 g / L of malic acid, preferably 6 - 9 g / L, more preferably 7 - 8 g / L. In this invention, the malic acid is preferably L - malic acid; malic acid, chemical name: 2 - hydroxybutanedioic acid, English name: malic acid, molecular formula C4H6O5, molecular weight 134.09. Malic acid is a colorless needle - shaped crystal or white crystal powder, odorless, soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, insoluble in benzene; density: 1.595 g / cm 3 , melting point: 101 - 103°C, boiling point: 306.4°C, CAS number 6915 - 15 - 7, EINECS number: 210 - 514 - 9. Malic acid is an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle of organisms and exists as an endogenous substance (L - malic acid) in the fruits of all plants. Under high - temperature stress, L - malic acid has the effect of reducing the toxicity of negative oxygen ions to healthy cells of wheat grain embryos and endosperms, ensuring the normal progress of various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes in cells, and ensuring normal grain filling under high - temperature stress. This invention found that under high - temperature stress, L - malic acid treatment can improve the seed - setting rate and grain - filling rate of wheat, increase the number of grains per spike and 1000 - grain weight.

[0035] In the present invention, the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator further comprises a spreading agent, which is preferably selected from the Triton series or the Tween series, and more preferably Tween 20. In the present invention, the concentration of the spreading agent in the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is 25 to 35 g / L, preferably 28 to 32 g / L. In the present invention, the spreading agent can promote the infiltration of the liquid medicine on the surface of the plant leaves, promote the absorption of the liquid medicine, and effectively improve the effect of the liquid medicine.

[0036] The present invention provides a preparation method of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, comprising the following steps: 1) reacting polyaspartic acid with a potassium hydroxide solution to generate a potassium polyaspartate solution; 2) mixing 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid with the polyaspartate solution to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator. In the present invention, in step 1), the reaction is considered complete when the solid suspension disappears and a brown homogeneous solution is formed.

[0037] The present invention also provides an application of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator in improving the stress resistance of wheat, and the stress resistance includes resistance to high-temperature heat damage; preferably dry hot wind.

[0038] The present invention provides an application of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator in improving the grain quality of wheat, and the grain quality preferably includes crude protein content and wet gluten content.

[0039] The present invention also provides an application of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator in increasing the yield of wheat.

[0040] In the present invention, the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is applied at the heading stage or filling stage of wheat, and the application method is foliar spraying. In the specific implementation process of the present invention, the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is preferably diluted with water and then sprayed; the dilution multiple of the water dilution is preferably 500 to 700 times.

[0041] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete (when the solid suspension disappears and a brown homogeneous solution is formed, it is considered complete), make up the volume to 200 ml with water, then add 10 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50 g of sodium phthalamate, 5 g of malic acid and 28 g of Tween 20 in sequence, and finally make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 10 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50 g of sodium phthalideisopropylamine, 10 g of malic acid and 32 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 10 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 100 g of sodium phthalideisopropylamine, 5 g of malic acid and 28 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 10 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 100 g of sodium phthalideisopropylamine, 10 g of malic acid and 32 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0050] Example 5

[0051] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 20 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50 g of sodium phthalideisopropylamine, 5 g of malic acid and 28 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0052] Example 6

[0053] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 20 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50 g of sodium phthalideisopropylamine, 10 g of malic acid and 32 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0054] Example 7

[0055] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 20 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 100 g of sodium phthalamate, 5 g of malic acid and 28 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0056] Example 8

[0057] Dissolve 43.51 g of potassium hydroxide in 80 ml of water, then add 56.49 g of polyaspartic acid. After the reaction is complete, make up the volume to 200 ml with water. Then, add 20 g of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 100 g of sodium phthalamate, 10 g of malic acid and 32 g of Tween 20 in sequence. Finally, make up the volume to 1000 ml with water to obtain the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention.

[0058] Example 9

[0059] Foliar spraying of the regulator

[0060] Dilute the regulators of Examples 1, 2, 5, and 6 with water to a 500-fold solution, and dilute the regulators of Examples 3, 4, 7, and 8 with water to a 700-fold solution, and spray them on the leaves during the heading stage and filling stage of wheat.

[0061] Table 1 Effects of Treatments of Examples 1 - 8 on Wheat Yield

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] The test results are shown in Table 1. The 1000-grain weight of wheat treated with the special stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is 0.94% - 17.04% higher than that of the control field; the number of ears per mu is increased by 7.30% - 17.22% compared with the control; the number of grains per ear is increased by 7.45% - 24.65% compared with the control; the wheat yield is increased by 2.88% - 27.28% compared with the control. Among them, the effect of Example 6 is the best, and the yield increase amplitude is the highest, which is 27.28%.

[0065] Example 10

[0066] Synergistic effect experiment

[0067] Experiment 1. Effects of the Special Wheat Stress-Resistant Quality-Improving and Yield-Increasing Regulator of the Present Invention on Wheat Stress Resistance

[0068] Malic acid, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate, and potassium polyaspartate were selected as the main components, and three concentration gradients of 0, 1, and 2 were set respectively (the concentration gradients are shown in Table 2), and they were arranged and combined. There were a total of 80 treatments and 1 control. Using Aikang 58 as the test variety, after foliar spraying for 6 hours at the heading stage of wheat, it was placed in a high-temperature cultivation chamber at 28 °C for 4 days (28 °C is the upper limit of the wheat grain filling temperature. When the temperature is higher than 28 °C, the filling speed increases, the filling process shortens, the number of shriveled grains of wheat increases, the 1000-grain weight decreases, and the yield reduces). Samples (flag leaves) were taken to measure the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and each treatment was repeated 3 times.

[0069] Table 2 Concentration gradients of potassium polyaspartate (PASPK), 6-furfurylaminopurine (6-BA), malic acid (MA), and sodium phthalamate (PA) (concentration unit: mg / L)

[0070]

[0071] Table 3 Effects of potassium polyaspartate (PASPK), 6-furfurylaminopurine (6-BA), malic acid (MA), and sodium phthalamate (PA) on the resistance of wheat to high-temperature stress

[0072]

[0073] The experimental results (as shown in Table 3) showed that the co-application of these four components could significantly improve the heat resistance of wheat during the grain filling period, increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in the flag leaves of wheat by 39.04% and 52.18% respectively, and reducing the content of malondialdehyde by 43.39%. Its effect was significantly better than that of applying any one of the components alone.

[0074] Experiment 2. Effects of the special regulator for improving stress resistance, quality, and yield of wheat of the present invention on wheat yield

[0075] Malic acid, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate, and potassium polyaspartate were selected as the main components, and three concentration gradients of 0, 1, and 2 were set respectively (the concentration gradients are shown in Table 2), and they were arranged and combined. There were a total of 80 treatments and 1 control (Table 5). Using Aikang 58 as the test variety, a field experiment was carried out, and foliar spraying was carried out at the heading stage and the grain filling stage. Each treatment was repeated three times. At maturity, the yield was measured, and the protein content and wet gluten content of wheat were measured.

[0076] Table 4 Effects of potassium polyaspartate (PASPK), 6-furfurylaminopurine (6-BA), malic acid (MA), and sodium phthalamate (PA) on the plant height of wheat

[0077] Treatment Plant height (cm) CK 85.13 PK1 84.11 PK2 85.33 BA1 83.45 BA2 84.42 M1 82.19 M2 86.24 PA1 83.28 PA2 84.48 PK1BA2M2PA1 84.57

[0078] Table 5 Effects of malic acid, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phenylamine and potassium polyaspartate on wheat yield and yield components

[0079]

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] As shown in Tables 4 and 5, the experimental results show that the joint application of these four components can significantly increase wheat yield, increasing the number of wheat ears per mu by 15.35%, the number of grains per ear by 22.56%, the thousand-grain weight by 14.69%, and the average yield per mu by 33.58%. When the four components are applied alone, the number of ears per mu increases by 5.55% to 13.70% and the yield per mu increases by 5.23% to 22.89%, which are lower than the increase when the four components are applied together. Among the four components, the combination of two components and three components can increase the number of ears per mu, the number of grains per ear, the thousand-grain weight and the yield to varying degrees. However, the increase is unstable and lower than that of the four-factor combination treatment. Therefore, the four-factor combination treatment has a significant synergistic effect.

[0083] Table 6 Effects of potassium polyaspartate (PASPK), 6-furfurylaminopurine (6-BA), malic acid (MA) and sodium phenylamine (PA) on wheat grain quality

[0084]

[0085] As shown in Table 6, the experimental results show that the joint application of these four components can significantly improve the quality of wheat grains, increasing the crude protein content of wheat grains by 13.78% and the wet gluten content by 6.67%. When the four components are applied alone, the crude protein content of the grains increases by 1.11% to 8.04% and the wet gluten content increases by 3.15% to 5.84%, which are lower than the increase when the four components are applied together. It can be seen that the joint application of these four components has a significant synergistic effect.

[0086] Example 11

[0087] Heat resistance, quality improvement and yield increase experiments

[0088] Multi-point demonstration tests were carried out in Hebei Province and Henan Province in 2021 / 2022 and 2022 / 2023. The special regulator for improving quality and increasing yield under adversity stress in Example 1 was diluted 500 times and sprayed on the leaf surface at the heading stage and filling stage, and clear water was sprayed as a control. The test results are shown in Table 7. The high-temperature heat damage rates of all the tested wheat plants treated with the special regulator for wheat to improve quality and increase yield under adversity stress were between 13.15% and 21.16%. However, the control field was severely affected by heat damage, including white ears, withered yellow leaves, and premature death, and the damage rate was between 17.30% and 38.65%. The 1000-grain weight of wheat treated with the special regulator for improving quality and increasing yield under adversity stress was 6.06% - 16.44% higher than that of the control field; the crude protein content and wet gluten content increased by 6.15% - 8.70% and 4.22% - 7.69% respectively compared with the control; the wheat yield increased by 10.74% - 19.42% on average compared with the control.

[0089] Table 7 Effects of PBMP on Heat Resistance, Grain Quality and Yield Increase of Wheat

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from the above examples, the wheat regulator for improving quality and increasing yield under adversity stress provided by the present invention can improve the ability of wheat to resist high-temperature heat damage from the heading stage to the filling stage, increase the crude protein and wet gluten content of wheat, improve the grain quality; and increase the wheat yield by more than 20%.

[0093] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator, characterized in that, It includes potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid; The mass ratio of potassium polyaspartate, 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid is (10 - 20):2:10:

1.

2. The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to claim 1, wherein The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator is a liquid preparation.

3. The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator uses water as a solvent and includes components with the following concentrations: 50 - 150 g / L of potassium polyaspartate, 10 - 20 g / L of 6-furfurylaminopurine, 50 - 100 g / L of sodium phthalamate, and 5 - 10 g / L of malic acid.

4. The wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator also includes 25 - 35 g / L of a spreading agent.

5. The wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to claim 4, wherein The spreading agent is a Triton series or a Tween series.

6. The preparation method of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: 1) React polyaspartic acid with a potassium hydroxide solution to generate a potassium polyaspartate solution; 2) Mix 6-furfurylaminopurine, sodium phthalamate and malic acid with the polyaspartate solution to obtain the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator.

7. Use of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in improving the stress resistance of wheat, characterized in that, The stress resistance includes resistance to high-temperature heat damage.

8. The application according to claim 7, wherein The high-temperature heat damage is dry hot wind.

9. Use of the wheat stress-resistant quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in improving the quality of wheat grains, characterized in that, The grain quality includes crude protein content and wet gluten content.

10. Use of the wheat anti-stress quality-improving and yield-increasing regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in increasing the yield of wheat.

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