Feed for breeding hermetia illucens, preparation method of feed and method for breeding hermetia illucens

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization and hermetia illucens breeding, and particularly discloses a hermetia illucens breeding feed, a preparation method thereof and a hermetia illucens breeding method. The hermetia illucens breeding feed comprises a primary incubation material and a conversion material, wherein the newly hatched material comprises the following raw material components: wheat bran, corn straw, animal manure, cavings and edible fungus residues; the conversion material comprises the following raw material components: wild jujube pulp, a compound microorganism bacterium solution, wheat bran and zymosan; wherein the compound microorganism bacterium liquid is prepared from bacillus coagulans liquid and lactobacillus rhamnosus liquid. The hermetia illucens breeding feed provided by the invention not only effectively solves the problem of waste of wild jujube pulp resources and the possible problem of potential environmental safety hazards, but also successfully cultivates hermetia illucens larvae with excellent quality, and improves the biotransformation efficiency of hermetia illucens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical fields of resource utilization and black soldier fly breeding, and specifically discloses a black soldier fly breeding feed, a preparation method thereof, and a method for breeding black soldier flies. Background Art

[0002] Hermetia illucens, commonly known as the black soldier fly, is a dipteran insect, equally famous as insects such as maggots, yellow mealworms, and superworms, and is known as the "phoenix worm". The larvae of the black soldier fly are rich in nutrients such as protein and fat, and are a high-quality animal feed raw material. Their protein content can reach 40%-50%, and the amino acid composition is relatively balanced, comparable to that of fish meal. After drying and pulverizing the larvae of the black soldier fly, they can be made into feed additives for feeding poultry, livestock, and aquatic animals, which can effectively accelerate the growth rate of animals, enhance the immunity of animals, and improve the meat quality and egg quality of animals. Moreover, the excrement of the black soldier fly is also a high-quality biological fertilizer, which can improve the soil structure, increase the soil fertility, and promote the growth and development of crops.

[0003] It has been found through research that the larvae of the black soldier fly have a miscellaneous diet and a large food intake, and have a strong ability to process various organic solid wastes such as livestock and poultry manure, food waste, or fruit and vegetable pulp residues. Research shows that the larvae of the black soldier fly can convert a large amount of organic waste into their own biomass in a short time, while reducing the number of pathogens and harmful microorganisms in the waste, achieving the purpose of harmless treatment. Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow is a woody plant of the genus Ziziphus in the family Rhamnaceae, native to China and with a history of 8,000 years. It is mainly distributed in the northern provinces of China. According to the "Shennong Ben Cao Jing" records: The semen ziziphi spinosae is flat in nature, sweet and sour in taste, and has the effects of nourishing the heart and calming the mind, astringing sweating and promoting fluid production, and nourishing the liver and kidneys. It has a significant curative effect on symptoms such as restlessness, insomnia, palpitations, and night sweats caused by heart and liver blood deficiency. When producing semen ziziphi spinosae, first soak the mature Ziziphus jujuba fruits in water to make them soft for easy shelling, then put the moistened Ziziphus jujuba fruits into a shelling machine, and separate the pulp from the fruit core through mechanical friction or pressure. The fruit core is further used for the production of semen ziziphi spinosae, while the pulp enters the sedimentation tank. If not utilized, it will cause resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0004] Based on this, developing a method for feeding the larvae of the black soldier fly with Ziziphus jujuba pulp as the raw material has important research significance for the resource utilization of Ziziphus jujuba and the breeding of black soldier flies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems of waste of wild jujube pulp resources and potential environmental safety hazards in the prior art, the present invention provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, a preparation method thereof, and a method for breeding black soldier flies. The black soldier fly breeding feed includes two major components: newly hatched materials and conversion materials. The conversion materials include raw material components such as wild jujube pulp, compound microbial bacterial liquid, wheat bran, and yeast polysaccharide. The black soldier fly breeding feed prepared by using wild jujube pulp as the main raw material in the present invention can not only eliminate the waste and environmental safety hazards caused by the accumulation of wild jujube pulp, but also cultivate high-quality black soldier fly larvae, improve the biological conversion efficiency of black soldier flies, and further produce bio-organic fertilizers with excellent performance.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: In the first aspect of the present invention, a black soldier fly breeding feed is provided, and the black soldier fly breeding feed includes newly hatched materials and conversion materials; Among them, the newly hatched materials include the following raw material components: wheat bran, corn straw, livestock manure, rice bran, and edible mushroom residues; The conversion materials include the following raw material components: wild jujube pulp, compound microbial bacterial liquid, wheat bran, and yeast polysaccharide; among them, the compound microbial bacterial liquid includes Bacillus coagulans liquid and Lactobacillus rhamnosus liquid.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention first designs a newly hatched material mainly composed of wheat bran, corn straw, livestock manure, rice bran, and edible mushroom residues. Wheat bran is rich in nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, which can provide the energy and nutrients required for the growth and development of newly hatched black soldier fly larvae, meet their nutritional needs in the initial growth stage, and contribute to the healthy growth and normal physiological function maintenance of the larvae. Moreover, wheat bran has good looseness and air permeability, which can keep the newly hatched materials in a loose structure, prevent the newly hatched materials from being too compact and humid, and create a suitable breathing environment for the larvae. Corn straw can be used as part of the food for newly hatched black soldier fly larvae, enabling the larvae to obtain energy during the feeding process and promoting their growth and development. Moreover, corn straw will have a positive impact on the structure and composition of the intestinal microbial community of black soldier fly larvae, and these intestinal microorganisms help to improve the conversion rate of straw, the weight, and the survival rate of the larvae.

[0008] Livestock manure contains nutrients such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates that have not been fully digested and absorbed by animals, providing the energy and material basis for the growth and development of black soldier fly larvae. Rice bran is rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. When used in combination with livestock manure, it can balance the nutritional structure of the newly hatched materials, enabling the larvae to obtain more comprehensive nutrition. Moreover, the dietary fiber in rice bran can promote the peristalsis of the larvae's intestines, enhance digestive function, and improve the digestion and absorption efficiency of the larvae for other nutrients. Edible mushroom residue is the remaining substrate after edible mushroom cultivation, containing certain amounts of nutrients such as proteins, polysaccharides, and amino acids, which can be used as one of the food sources for the larvae to supplement the nutrients required for their growth. More importantly, the edible mushroom residue has a certain water absorption and water retention capacity, which can regulate the humidity of the newly hatched materials, keeping it within the range suitable for the growth of the larvae and greatly improving the survival rate of the larvae.

[0009] The present invention also designs a conversion material, including raw material components such as wild jujube pulp, compound microbial bacteria liquid, wheat bran, and yeast polysaccharide. Among them, wild jujube pulp is rich in carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. The larvae decompose the carbohydrates into small-molecule sugars through digestive enzymes and then absorb and utilize them to provide energy for their growth, movement, and various physiological activities, promoting the growth and development of the larvae and increasing their weight. After digestion, proteins can be decomposed into amino acids, which are the basic raw materials for the larvae to synthesize bioactive substances such as their own proteins, enzymes, and hormones, and play an important role in the cell proliferation, tissue repair, and physiological function maintenance of the larvae. Microorganisms and minerals also play important roles in physiological processes such as the metabolism, immune regulation, bone development, and nerve conduction of black soldier fly larvae. The present invention uses wild jujube pulp as an important raw material for the conversion material of black soldier fly larvae, greatly alleviating the treatment pressure of wild jujube pulp and providing a new design idea for the resource utilization of wild jujube.

[0010] Bacillus coagulans secretes various digestive enzymes, including amylase and protease. During the digestion process of black soldier fly larvae, these enzymes break down macromolecules like starch and protein into smaller molecules, thereby improving digestibility and enabling the larvae to better absorb and utilize nutrients. This provides sufficient energy and a robust substrate for growth, promoting their development. Furthermore, Bacillus coagulans is a facultative anaerobe. Once in the black soldier fly larvae's intestines, it consumes free oxygen, creating a hypoxic environment conducive to the growth of anaerobic microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. The growth and reproduction of these beneficial bacteria inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria, maintaining a balanced intestinal microbial population, reducing the incidence of intestinal diseases, and ensuring the healthy growth of the larvae. The organic acids produced by Lactobacillus rhamnosus fermentation lower the intestinal pH, creating a slightly acidic environment that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria. This acidic environment also helps activate some digestive enzymes, improving food digestion and absorption efficiency and promoting larval growth. Lactobacillus rhamnosus can also form a protective film on the surface of the intestinal mucosa, enhance the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, prevent the invasion of harmful substances and pathogens, and ensure the healthy growth of black soldier fly larvae.

[0011] Black soldier fly larvae face threats from various pathogens during their growth. Zymosan stimulates the reticuloendothelial system to produce large numbers of macrophages, enhancing the activity of immune cells. Macrophages can engulf and eliminate pathogens, protecting the larvae from infection and enabling them to grow and develop normally and in a healthy state.

[0012] In summary, the black soldier fly breeding feed provided by the present invention can not only eliminate the resource waste and environmental safety hazards caused by the accumulation of sour jujube pulp, but also cultivate high-quality black soldier fly larvae.

[0013] Preferably, the initial incubation material includes the following raw material components in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of wheat bran, 20-40 parts of corn stalks, 5-10 parts of animal manure, 10-30 parts of rice bran and 10-20 parts of edible fungus residue.

[0014] More preferably, the animal manure is pig manure or cow manure.

[0015] Further preferably, the initial incubation material includes the following raw material components in parts by mass: 35-45 parts of wheat bran, 25-35 parts of corn straw, 5-8 parts of animal manure, 15-25 parts of rice bran and 15-18 parts of edible fungus residue.

[0016] Preferably, the conversion material comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of sour jujube pulp, 5-10 parts of composite microbial culture liquid, 20-30 parts of wheat bran and 1-3 parts of yeast polysaccharide.

[0017] Further preferably, the conversion material comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass: 45-55 parts of sour jujube pulp, 5-8 parts of composite microbial culture liquid, 25-30 parts of wheat bran and 2-3 parts of yeast polysaccharide.

[0018] Preferably, the number of viable bacteria in the composite microbial solution is 1×10 9 CFU / mL-1×10 10 CFU / mL.

[0019] More preferably, the number of viable bacteria in the composite microbial solution is 3×10 9 CFU / mL-8×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0020] Preferably, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus coagulans to that of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the composite microbial liquid is 1:2-1:4.

[0021] Further preferably, the ratio of the number of live bacteria of Bacillus coagulans to that of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the composite microbial liquid is 1:3.

[0022] Preferably, the deposit number of the Bacillus coagulans is BNCC223353.

[0023] Preferably, the deposit number of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus is BNCC373766.

[0024] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the black soldier fly breeding feed, comprising the following steps: Step 1, weighing the raw material components of the initial hatching material according to the designed ratio, mixing the animal manure and the edible fungus residue evenly, adjusting the moisture content, and fermenting at 40° C.-45° C. to obtain a fermentation material; adding wheat bran, corn stalks and rice bran to the fermentation material, mixing evenly, to obtain the initial hatching material; Step 2: Weighing the raw material components of the conversion material according to the designed ratio, crushing the sour jujube pulp and mixing it with wheat bran and yeast polysaccharide, adjusting the pH to obtain a mixture; and uniformly mixing the mixture with the composite microbial culture liquid to obtain a conversion material; Step 3: Pack the newly hatched material and the transformed material separately to obtain black soldier fly breeding feed.

[0025] Preferably, in step 1, the water content is adjusted to 38%-42%.

[0026] Further preferably, in step 1, the water content is adjusted to 40%.

[0027] Preferably, in step 1, the fermentation time is 24h-48h.

[0028] Further preferably, in step one, the fermentation time is 40h - 45h.

[0029] Preferably, in step two, the pH is adjusted to 5.0 - 5.8.

[0030] Further preferably, in step two, the pH is adjusted to 5.3 - 5.5.

[0031] The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for breeding black soldier flies using the black soldier fly breeding feed, comprising the following steps: Step a: Inoculate newly hatched black soldier fly larvae into newly hatched materials and cultivate for 2 - 4 days to obtain black soldier fly larvae; Step b: Inoculate the black soldier fly larvae into conversion materials and cultivate for 8 - 10 days to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae.

[0032] Preferably, in step a and step b, the inoculation density of the newly hatched black soldier fly larvae is 1,000,000 - 2,000,000 heads / ton.

[0033] Preferably, in step a, the cloth density of the newly hatched materials is 35 kg / m 2 -55 kg / m 2 .

[0034] Further preferably, in step a, the cloth density of the newly hatched materials is 40 kg / m 2 -50 kg / m 2 .

[0035] Even more preferably, in step a, the cloth density of the newly hatched materials is 45 kg / m 2 .

[0036] Preferably, in step a, the cultivation temperature is 26°C - 30°C, and the humidity is 65% - 75%.

[0037] Preferably, in step b, the cloth density of the conversion materials is 40 kg / m 2 -60 kg / m 2 .

[0038] Further preferably, in step b, the cloth density of the conversion materials is 45 kg / m 2 -55 kg / m 2 .

[0039] Even more preferably, in step b, the cloth density of the conversion materials is 50 kg / m 2 .

[0040] Preferably, in step b, the cultivation temperature is 24°C - 35°C, and the humidity is 60% - 75%.

[0041] In summary, the present invention provides a feed for breeding black soldier flies, which includes two components: newly hatched materials and transformed materials. Among them, the transformed materials are prepared mainly from wild jujube pulp, supplemented with compound microbial bacterial liquid, wheat bran, and yeast polysaccharide, which not only effectively solves the problem of resource waste of wild jujube pulp and potential environmental safety hazards, but also successfully cultivates high-quality black soldier fly larvae, achieving the goal of win-win for both sides. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] The preparation method of the expanded culture solution of Bacillus coagulans used in the following examples and comparative examples includes the following steps: Activation culture: Inoculate the Bacillus coagulans strain onto the selective medium and culture it at 40 °C for 48 h. Pick a single colony and transfer it to the test tube slant medium, and culture it at 40 °C for 36 h. Microscopic examination is carried out, and when the spore rate is above 90%, it is stored in the refrigerator for standby.

[0044] Among them, the composition of the selective medium: peptone 1%, beef extract 1%, yeast extract 0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3%, ammonium citrate 0.3%, sodium acetate 0.4%, glucose 1.5%, Tween-80 0.08%, magnesium sulfate 0.03%, manganese sulfate 0.003%, calcium carbonate 0.4%, agar 1.5%, the balance is water, pH is 6.3, sterilized at 115 °C for 20 min for standby.

[0045] The composition of the slant medium: peptone 1%, beef extract 1%, yeast extract 0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3%, ammonium citrate 0.3%, sodium acetate 0.4%, glucose 1.5%, Tween-80 0.08%, magnesium sulfate 0.03%, manganese sulfate 0.003%, agar 1.5%, the balance is water, pH is 6.3, sterilized at 115 °C for 20 min for standby.

[0046] Primary seed tank expansion culture: Scrape and wash the Bacillus coagulans bacterial sludge with sterile water, put it into a sterile Erlenmeyer flask, shake and disperse the bacterial sludge to obtain a uniform bacterial suspension. Heat the bacterial suspension in a water bath at 65 °C for 20 min, and inoculate it into the primary seed tank at an inoculation amount of 8% for primary expansion culture. Among them, the volume of the primary seed tank is 200 L, the liquid loading amount is 60%, the culture conditions are a stirring speed of 200 rpm, an aeration rate of 0.7 vvm, a temperature of 40 °C, and a culture time of 20 h to obtain the primary seed culture solution.

[0047] Among them, the composition of the medium in the first-stage seed tank: peptone 1.2%, yeast extract powder 0.8%, sodium chloride 1%, the balance is water, pH is 6.5, sterilized at 118 °C for 30 min.

[0048] Second-stage seed tank expansion culture: The first-stage seed culture solution is inoculated into the second-stage seed tank at an inoculation amount of 5% for second-stage expansion culture. Among them, the volume of the second-stage seed tank is 150 L, the liquid loading amount is 65%, the culture conditions are a stirring speed of 200 rpm, an aeration rate of 0.7 vvm, a temperature of 40 °C, and a culture time of 20 h to obtain the second-stage seed culture solution.

[0049] Among them, the composition of the medium in the second-stage seed tank: soybean cake powder 1.5%, corn flour 0.5%, dry corn steep liquor 0.3%, sodium chloride 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, ammonium sulfate 0.5%, the balance is water, pH is 6.3, sterilized at 118 °C for 30 min.

[0050] Fermentation expansion culture: The second-stage seed liquid is inoculated into the fermentation tank at an inoculation amount of 10%, the tank pressure is controlled at 0.03 MPa, and cultured at 40 °C until the viable bacteria count is 1×10 9 CFU / mL - 5×10 9 CFU / mL.

[0051] Among them, the composition of the medium in the fermentation tank: starch 1.5%, soybean meal 2%, corn steep liquor 2.8%, peptone 2.2%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.03%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, manganese sulfate 0.002%, calcium carbonate 0.4%, the balance is water, the pH of the medium is 6.3, sterilized at 118 °C for 30 min.

[0052] The preparation method of the expanded culture solution of Lactobacillus rhamnosus used in the following examples and comparative examples includes the following steps: Activation culture: The Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain is inoculated into the activation medium and statically cultured in a constant temperature incubator at 35 °C for 30 h to obtain the activated bacterial liquid. Among them, the activation medium consists of 1% peptone, 0.5% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 2% glucose, 0.2% K2HPO4, 0.5% sodium acetate, 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.05% MgSO4·7H2O, 0.02% MnSO4·4H2O, 0.1% Tween 80 and the balance of water by mass percentage, pH is 6.8, sterilized at 121 °C for 20 min.

[0053] Enlarged culture: Inoculate the activated bacterial solution of Lactobacillus rhamnosus into the enlarged culture medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, and culture it at 37°C under anaerobic conditions for 24 hours to obtain an enlarged culture bacterial solution. The enlarged culture medium contains the following raw material components by mass: 20 g of glucose, 10 g of peptone, 10 g of beef extract, 5 g of yeast extract, 15 g of agar, 2 g of K2HPO4, 2 g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 2.5 g of sodium acetate, 1 g of Tween 80, 0.5 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.05 g of MnSO4·4H2O, and 932 g of deionized water, with a pH of 6.8, and sterilize at 121°C for 20 minutes.

[0054] Fermentation and enlargement culture: Inoculate the enlarged culture bacterial solution into the fermentation tank liquid culture medium at an inoculation amount of 10% for culture, and culture it at 37°C under anaerobic conditions until the viable bacteria count reaches 1×10 9 CFU / mL - 5×10 9 CFU / mL. The fermentation tank liquid culture medium all contains the following raw material components by concentration: 20 g of glucose powder, 10 g of peptone powder, 10 g of beef extract, 5 g of yeast extract, 10 g of tomato paste, 2 g of K2HPO4, 2 g of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 5 g of sodium acetate, 1 g of Tween 80, 0.5 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.05 g of MnSO4·4H2O, and 935 g of deionized water, with a pH of 6.8, and sterilize at 121°C for 20 minutes.

[0055] Example 1 This example provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, which specifically includes the following content: The black soldier fly breeding feed includes newly hatched materials and conversion materials; among them, the newly hatched materials include the following raw material components by mass fraction: 40 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of corn straw, 7 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of rice bran, and 16 parts of edible mushroom residue.

[0056] The conversion materials include the following raw material components by mass fraction: 50 parts of wild jujube pulp, 6 parts of compound microbial bacterial solution, 28 parts of wheat bran, and 3 parts of yeast polysaccharide.

[0057] The viable bacteria count of the compound microbial bacterial solution is 8×10 9 CFU / mL, and among them, the ratio of the viable bacteria count of Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the compound microbial bacterial solution is 1:3.

[0058] The preparation method of the black soldier fly breeding feed includes the following steps: Step 1: Weigh each raw material component of the newly hatched materials according to the designed ratio, mix the livestock manure and the edible mushroom residue evenly, adjust the water content to 40%, and ferment at 43°C for 40 hours to obtain a fermented material; add wheat bran, corn straw, and rice bran to the fermented material, and mix evenly to obtain the newly hatched materials; Step 2: Weigh each raw material component of the conversion material according to the designed ratio. After crushing the wild jujube pulp, mix it with wheat bran and yeast polysaccharide, and adjust the pH to 5.3 to obtain a mixed material. Mix the mixed material evenly with the compound microbial inoculum to obtain the conversion material; Step 3: Package the newly hatched material and the conversion material separately to obtain the black soldier fly breeding feed.

[0059] Example 2 This example provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, which specifically includes the following content: The black soldier fly breeding feed includes a newly hatched material and a conversion material; among them, the newly hatched material includes the following raw material components in parts by mass: 32 parts of wheat bran, 38 parts of corn straw, 10 parts of cow dung, 15 parts of rice bran, and 12 parts of edible mushroom residue.

[0060] The conversion material includes the following raw material components in parts by mass: 42 parts of wild jujube pulp, 5 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 22 parts of wheat bran, and 2 parts of yeast polysaccharide.

[0061] The viable bacteria content of the compound microbial inoculum is 3×10 9 CFU / mL, wherein the viable bacteria quantity ratio of Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the compound microbial inoculum is 1:2.

[0062] The preparation method of the black soldier fly breeding feed includes the following steps: Step 1: Weigh each raw material component of the newly hatched material according to the designed ratio. Mix the livestock manure and the edible mushroom residue evenly, adjust the water content to 40%, and ferment at 43°C for 40 h to obtain a fermented material. Add wheat bran, corn straw, and rice bran to the fermented material and mix evenly to obtain the newly hatched material; Step 2: Weigh each raw material component of the conversion material according to the designed ratio. After crushing the wild jujube pulp, mix it with wheat bran and yeast polysaccharide, and adjust the pH to 5.3 to obtain a mixed material. Mix the mixed material evenly with the compound microbial inoculum to obtain the conversion material; Step 3: Package the newly hatched material and the conversion material separately to obtain the black soldier fly breeding feed.

[0063] Example 3 This example provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, which specifically includes the following content: The black soldier fly breeding feed includes a newly hatched material and a conversion material; among them, the newly hatched material includes the following raw material components in parts by mass: 50 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of corn straw, 5 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of rice bran, and 20 parts of edible mushroom residue.

[0064] The conversion material includes the following raw material components in parts by mass: 60 parts of wild jujube pulp, 10 parts of compound microbial inoculum, 30 parts of wheat bran, and 3 parts of yeast polysaccharide.

[0065] The viable count of the composite microbial liquid is 6×10 9 CFU / mL, wherein the ratio of the viable counts of Bacillus coagulans and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the composite microbial liquid is 1:4.

[0066] The preparation method of the black soldier fly breeding feed comprises the following steps: Step 1: Weigh each raw material component of the newly hatched material according to the designed ratio, mix livestock manure and edible mushroom residue evenly, adjust the water content to 40%, and ferment at 43°C for 40h to obtain a fermented material; add wheat bran, corn straw and rice bran to the fermented material and mix evenly to obtain the newly hatched material; Step 2: Weigh each raw material component of the transformed material according to the designed ratio, crush wild jujube pulp and mix it with wheat bran and yeast polysaccharide, adjust the pH to 5.3 to obtain a mixed material; mix the mixed material with the composite microbial liquid evenly to obtain the transformed material; Step 3: Package the newly hatched material and the transformed material respectively to obtain the black soldier fly breeding feed.

[0067] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, which is different from Example 1 in that: the composite microbial liquid in the transformed material is replaced with an equal amount of Bacillus coagulans liquid, and other components and process parameters remain unchanged, which will not be elaborated here.

[0068] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, which is different from Example 1 in that: the composite microbial liquid in the transformed material is replaced with an equal amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus liquid, and other components and process parameters remain unchanged, which will not be elaborated here.

[0069] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a black soldier fly breeding feed, which is different from Example 1 in that: Bacillus coagulans in the composite microbial liquid in the transformed material is replaced with an equal amount of Bacillus subtilis liquid , and other components and process parameters remain unchanged, which will not be elaborated here.

[0070] Among them, the specific preparation method of the Bacillus subtilis liquid comprises the following steps: Activation culture: Inoculate the Bacillus subtilis strain into LB medium and statically culture it in an incubator at 35°C for 30h to obtain an activated bacterial liquid.

[0071] Enlarged culture: The activated bacterial solution of Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into the enlarged culture medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, and cultured at 35 °C for 24 h to obtain an enlarged bacterial solution. The enlarged culture medium contained the following raw material components in mass percentage: 0.5% glucose, 1.0% starch, 3.0% soybean meal, 0.02% manganese sulfate, 0.03% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.02% magnesium sulfate, 0.7% calcium carbonate, 0.1% ammonium sulfate, and the balance of deionized water, with a pH of 6.8, and sterilized at 121 °C for 20 min.

[0072] Fermentation and enlarged culture: The enlarged bacterial solution was inoculated into the liquid medium of the fermenter at an inoculation amount of 10% for culture, and cultured at 35 °C until the viable bacteria count reached 1×10 9 CFU / mL - 5×10 9 CFU / mL. The liquid medium of the fermenter was LB liquid medium.

[0073] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provided a black soldier fly breeding feed, which was different from Example 1 in that: the Lactobacillus rhamnosus liquid in the complex microbial bacterial solution in the conversion material was replaced with an equal amount of Lactobacillus plantarum liquid , and other components and process parameters remained unchanged, which will not be elaborated here.

[0074] Among them, the specific preparation method of the Lactobacillus plantarum liquid included the following steps: Activated culture: The Lactobacillus plantarum strain was inoculated into the MRS liquid medium and statically cultured in an incubator at 35 °C for 24 h to obtain an activated bacterial solution.

[0075] Enlarged culture: The activated bacterial solution of Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into the MRS liquid medium at an inoculation amount of 5%, and cultured at 35 °C for 36 h to obtain an enlarged bacterial solution.

[0076] Fermentation and enlarged culture: The enlarged bacterial solution was inoculated into the liquid medium of the fermenter at an inoculation amount of 10% for culture, and cultured at 35 °C until the viable bacteria count reached 1×10 9 CFU / mL - 5×10 9 CFU / mL. The liquid medium of the fermenter was MRS liquid medium.

[0077] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provided a black soldier fly breeding feed, which was different from Example 1 in that: yeast polysaccharide was replaced with an equal amount of astragalus polysaccharide, and other components and process parameters remained unchanged, which will not be elaborated here.

[0078] To further confirm the technical effects of the present invention, the black soldier fly breeding feeds obtained in Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 5 of the present invention were used for breeding black soldier flies, and the specific operation steps were as described in the test example.

[0079] Test Example 1 Step a: Inoculate 100 newly hatched black soldier fly larvae into a dedicated breeding box paved with 100 g of the newly hatched material provided in Example 1, with a cloth density of 4.5 g / cm 2 , and cultivate them for 3 days at 28 °C and a humidity of 70% to obtain black soldier fly larvae; Step b: Inoculate the black soldier fly larvae into a dedicated breeding box paved with 100 g of the conversion material provided in Example 1, with a cloth density of 5 g / cm 2 , and cultivate them for 9 days at 30 °C and a humidity of 70% to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae.

[0080] Test Example 2 Step a: Inoculate 100 newly hatched black soldier fly larvae into a dedicated breeding box paved with 100 g of the newly hatched material provided in Example 2, with a cloth density of 4.5 g / cm 2 , and cultivate them for 3 days at 28 °C and a humidity of 70% to obtain black soldier fly larvae; Step b: Inoculate the black soldier fly larvae into a dedicated breeding box paved with 100 g of the conversion material provided in Example 2, with a cloth density of 5 g / cm 2 , and cultivate them for 9 days at 30 °C and a humidity of 70% to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae.

[0081] Test Example 3 Step a: Inoculate 100 newly hatched black soldier fly larvae into a dedicated breeding box paved with 100 g of the newly hatched material provided in Example 3, with a cloth density of 4.5 g / cm 2 , and cultivate them for 3 days at 28 °C and a humidity of 70% to obtain black soldier fly larvae; Step b: Inoculate the black soldier fly larvae into a dedicated breeding box paved with 100 g of the conversion material provided in Example 3, with a cloth density of 5 g / cm 2 , and cultivate them for 9 days at 30 °C and a humidity of 70% to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae.

[0082] Test Example 4 The operation and parameters of this test example are the same as those of Test Example 1, except that the conversion material provided in Example 1 is replaced with the conversion material of Comparative Example 1, which will not be elaborated here.

[0083] Test Example 5 The operation and parameters of this test example are the same as those of Test Example 1, except that the conversion material provided in Example 1 is replaced with the conversion material of Comparative Example 2, which will not be elaborated here.

[0084] Test Example 6 The operations and parameters of this test example are the same as those of Test Example 1. The difference is that the conversion material provided in Example 1 is replaced with the conversion material of Comparative Example 3, which will not be elaborated here.

[0085] Test Example 7 The operations and parameters of this test example are the same as those of Test Example 1. The difference is that the conversion material provided in Example 1 is replaced with the conversion material of Comparative Example 4, which will not be elaborated here.

[0086] Test Example 8 The operations and parameters of this test example are the same as those of Test Example 1. The difference is that the conversion material provided in Example 1 is replaced with the conversion material of Comparative Example 5, which will not be elaborated here.

[0087] To further demonstrate the technical effects of the present invention, the survival rates of the mature black soldier fly larvae obtained in each test example were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1; the mature black soldier fly larvae were weighed, and the conversion rate, body weight, body length were measured. After the larvae were dried, the protein content of the larvae was determined using a Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer, and the oil content was determined by an extraction method; the weight reduction rate and moisture content of the insect feces were measured, and the germination index GI of the insect feces was determined according to "NY / T525-2021 Organic Fertilizer", and the average values were taken, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0088] Table 1 Statistical results of the survival rates of the mature black soldier fly larvae obtained in each test example

[0089] Table 2 Statistical results of the performance of the mature black soldier fly larvae obtained in each test example

[0090] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A black soldier fly breeding feed, characterized in that: The black soldier fly breeding feed includes newly hatched materials and conversion materials; Among them, the newly hatched materials include the following raw material components: wheat bran, corn straw, livestock manure, rice bran and edible mushroom residues; The conversion materials include the following raw material components: wild jujube pulp, compound microbial bacteria liquid, wheat bran and yeast polysaccharide; among them, the compound microbial bacteria liquid includes Bacillus coagulans liquid and Lactobacillus rhamnosus liquid.

2. The black soldier fly breeding feed according to claim 1, wherein: The newly hatched materials include the following raw material components in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of wheat bran, 20-40 parts of corn straw, 5-10 parts of livestock manure, 10-30 parts of rice bran and 10-20 parts of edible mushroom residues.

3. The black soldier fly breeding feed according to claim 1, wherein: The conversion materials include the following raw material components in parts by mass: 40-60 parts of wild jujube pulp, 5-10 parts of compound microbial bacteria liquid, 20-30 parts of wheat bran and 1-3 parts of yeast polysaccharide.

4. The black soldier fly breeding feed according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The viable count in the composite microbial inoculum is 1×10 9 CFU / mL - 1×10 10 CFU / mL; and / or The viable bacteria number ratio of Bacillus coagulans to Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the compound microbial bacteria liquid is 1:2 - 1:

4.

5. The black soldier fly breeding feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preservation number of the Bacillus coagulans is BNCC 223353; and / or The preservation number of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus is BNCC 373766.

6. A preparation method of the black soldier fly breeding feed according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Weigh each raw material component of the newly hatched materials according to the designed ratio, mix the livestock manure and edible mushroom residues evenly, adjust the water content, and ferment at 40°C - 45°C to obtain fermented materials; add wheat bran, corn straw and rice bran to the fermented materials and mix evenly to obtain newly hatched materials; Step 2: Weigh each raw material component of the conversion materials according to the designed ratio, crush the wild jujube pulp and mix it with wheat bran and yeast polysaccharide, adjust the pH to obtain a mixed material; mix the mixed material with the compound microbial bacteria liquid evenly to obtain conversion materials; Step 3: Package the newly hatched materials and the conversion materials respectively to obtain the black soldier fly breeding feed.

7. The preparation method of the black soldier fly breeding feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: In Step 1, adjust the water content to 38% - 42%; and / or In Step 1, the fermentation time is 24h - 48h.

8. The preparation method of the black soldier fly breeding feed according to claim 6, characterized in that: In Step 2, adjust the pH to 5.0 - 5.

8.

9. A method for culturing black soldier flies using the black soldier fly breeding feed according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step a: Inoculate newly hatched black soldier fly larvae into the newly hatched materials and cultivate for 2 - 4 days to obtain black soldier fly larvae; Step b: Inoculate the black soldier fly larvae into the conversion materials and cultivate for 8 - 10 days to obtain mature black soldier fly larvae.

10. The method for culturing black soldier flies using the black soldier fly breeding feed as described in claim 9, characterized in that: In Step a and Step b, the inoculation density of the newly hatched black soldier fly larvae is 1 million - 2 million heads / ton; and / or In step a, the cloth density of the newly hatched material is 35 kg / m 2 -55 kg / m 2 ; and / or In Step a, the cultivation temperature is 26°C - 30°C, and the humidity is 65% - 75%; and / or In step b, the cloth density of the converted material is 40 kg / m 2 - 60 kg / m 2 ; and / or In Step b, the cultivation temperature is 24°C - 35°C, and the humidity is 60% - 75%.

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