Positioning and punching device for orthopedics department

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an orthopedic positioning and punching device which comprises a bottom plate, a positioning rod is spherically hinged to the bottom plate, and a through hole penetrating through the bottom plate is formed in the positioning rod; an adjusting assembly used for adjusting the angle of the positioning rod is arranged on the bottom plate. The adjusting assembly comprises a semicircular first rotating rod and a semicircular second rotating rod, and the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are perpendicular to each other; the second rotating rod is located above the first rotating rod, and the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are each provided with a sliding groove for the positioning rod to slide. The bottom plate is provided with a first rotating assembly and a second rotating assembly which are used for driving the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod to rotate. The bottom plate is further provided with a damping assembly used for providing buffering for the positioning rod. The space position of the damping assembly is associated with the space posture of the positioning rod, so that the damping force can be automatically matched with the current positioning angle, and the positioning and punching precision is guaranteed while moderate rigid support is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to an orthopedic positioning and drilling device. Background Art

[0002] In orthopedic surgeries, in order to ensure that implants such as screws and plates can be correctly fixed on the bone, accurate positioning of the drilling position is required. Traditional manual positioning methods rely on doctors' experience and skills, resulting in relatively large errors. Modern orthopedic positioning and drilling devices usually integrate high-precision navigation systems or robotic arms, which can provide more accurate positioning services.

[0003] In the prior art, some drilling devices usually use a drill and a drill bit to drill holes on the bone surface. Such devices have a simple structure and are easy to operate, but there are some defects in actual applications. Specifically, when such devices are drilling holes, they lack effective guidance for the drilling path, so that the drill bit may shake during the drilling process, resulting in inaccurate drilling.

[0004] In summary, how to solve the problem that the devices in the prior art lack effective guidance for the drilling path, so that the drill bit may shake during the drilling process and cause inaccurate drilling has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current field. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an orthopedic positioning and drilling device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an orthopedic positioning and drilling device, which guides the drilling by auxiliary positioning of the positioning rod at multiple angles, associates the spatial position of the shock absorption component with the spatial attitude of the positioning rod, so that the shock absorption force can automatically match the current positioning angle, and provides appropriate rigid support while ensuring the positioning and drilling accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an orthopedic positioning and drilling device, including a bottom plate, a positioning rod is ball-jointed on the bottom plate, and a through hole penetrating the bottom plate is opened in the positioning rod; a regulating component for adjusting the angle of the positioning rod is provided on the bottom plate.

[0007] The regulating component includes a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod in a semicircular shape, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are perpendicular to each other; the second rotating rod is located above the first rotating rod, and sliding grooves for the positioning rod to slide are opened on both the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod.

[0008] A first rotating component and a second rotating component for driving the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod to rotate are provided on the bottom plate.

[0009] A shock absorption component for buffering the positioning rod is further provided on the bottom plate; the first rotating component and the second rotating component are respectively used to drive the shock absorption component to move to buffer the positioning rod.

[0010] The outer wall of the bottom plate is further provided with a conveying component for conveying disinfectant, and the first rotating component and the second rotating component are respectively used to drive the conveying component to operate for disinfection.

[0011] The technical principle of the above solution is as follows: The first rotating component and the second rotating component drive the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod to rotate respectively. Since the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are perpendicular to each other, and the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are both provided with sliding grooves for the positioning rod to rotate, the positioning rod can be driven to rotate when the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod rotate respectively, so as to rotate the positioning rod to a specified position and use the positioning rod for orthopedic drilling positioning. When the first rotating component and the second rotating component operate, they can synchronously drive the shock absorption component to move to a specified position to generate a buffer force on the positioning rod; and can synchronously drive the conveying component to convey disinfectant for disinfection treatment; meeting the disinfection effect before and after the use of the device.

[0012] The following are the beneficial effects of adopting the above solution: 1. Through mechanical linkage design, the present invention combines functions of angle adjustment, shock absorption and buffering, and disinfection and sterilization. When the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod rotate, on the one hand, the semi-circular structure design guides the positioning rod to perform auxiliary positioning at multiple angles; on the other hand, when the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are positioned by rotation angle, by synchronously driving the displacement of the shock absorption component and the start and stop of the disinfection component, the shock absorption component is automatically locked to reduce jitter, and the disinfectant delivery matches the drilling channel, so as to perform disinfection and sterilization treatment.

[0013] 2. The present invention correlates the spatial position of the shock absorption component with the spatial attitude of the positioning rod. When the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod drive the positioning rod to change the drilling angle, the rotation angles of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are converted into the radial displacement of the shock absorption component. The mechanical feedback mechanism enables the shock absorption force to automatically match the current positioning angle, providing appropriate rigid support while ensuring the positioning and drilling accuracy.

[0014] 3. The present invention is linked and associated with the conveying component, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod. When adjusting the angle of the positioning rod, the conveying component is used to disinfect the positioning position respectively after the positioning adjustment is completed, reducing the risk of secondary infection during the orthopedic positioning and drilling process, thereby improving the reliability of the device.

[0015] Furthermore, the first rotating component includes a controller and a first driving member. The controller is used to control the first driving member to rotate; the first driving member is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate, and the output shaft of the first driving member penetrates through the bottom plate and is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By controlling the rotation of the first driving member through the controller, the positioning adjustment of the first rotating rod is ensured to have high repeatability accuracy. The torque is transmitted by fixing the output shaft thereof to the first rotating rod, so that the rotation of the first driving member drives the first rotating rod to rotate, enabling the first rotating rod to adjust the angle of the positioning rod to meet the adjustment requirements for different drilling directions.

[0017] Further, the second rotating assembly includes a second driving member, and the controller is used to control the second driving member to rotate; the second driving member is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate, and the output shaft of the second driving member penetrates through the bottom plate and is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By controlling the opening and closing of the second driving member through the controller to independently drive the second rotating rod to rotate, the second rotating rod and the first rotating rod form an orthogonal biaxial adjustment, realizing the multi-degree-of-freedom precise positioning of the positioning rod in three-dimensional space, ensuring the transmission efficiency and stability. And it can make the angle adjustment of the second rotating rod form a complementary cooperation with the first rotating rod, expanding the adaptability of the device to complex bone surfaces, thereby improving the fluency and reliability of the overall operation.

[0019] Further, the shock-absorbing assembly includes a plurality of shock absorbers. The first rotating rod and the second rotating rod both extend to the outer wall of the bottom plate and are fixedly connected with main gears; the main gears are symmetrically engaged with sub-gears, and screw rods are coaxially threadedly engaged on the sub-gears; one end of each screw rod close to the sub-gear penetrates through the bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the adjacent shock absorber, and the screw threads of the screw rods on the adjacent sub-gears are opposite.

[0020] A limiting assembly for providing a linear movement track for the screw rod is further provided on the outer wall of the bottom plate.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Through the sub-gears symmetrically engaged with the main gears, and the screw threads of the screw rods on the sub-gears are opposite. When the main gear rotates, it drives the screw rods on both sides to move synchronously and reversely, and the shock absorbers are respectively transmitted to contact the bottom of the positioning rod. The limiting assembly is used to constrain the linear movement track of the screw rod to ensure that the displacement direction of the shock absorber is consistent with the force axis. Using this linkage mechanism, the rotational movement is converted into linear movement, enabling the shock-absorbing force to be adaptively adjusted with the angles of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod, and taking into account the requirements of rigid support and flexible vibration absorption, enhancing the stability during the orthopedic drilling process.

[0022] Further, the limiting assembly includes a plurality of limiting plates and limiting rods. The limiting plates are all located outside the bottom plate, and the limiting rods are all located on both sides in the vertical direction of the sub-gear; both ends of the limiting rod are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the bottom plate and the limiting plate respectively, and a sliding plate is fixedly connected to one end of the screw rod far from the shock absorber; the sliding plates are all slidably matched with the adjacent limiting rods.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By the linear guiding cooperation between the sliding plate and the limiting rod, the movement trajectory of the lead screw is constrained, further reducing the risk of lateral offset and torsion. The connection between the limiting rod and the bottom plate forms a stable guiding framework, reducing the frictional loss and vibration noise during the movement of the lead screw, and improving the response speed and action consistency of the shock absorber.

[0024] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes a number of piston cylinders and piston plates. The piston plates are all slidably fitted with the inner walls of the piston cylinders, and the piston cylinders are all fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate; on one side of each piston cylinder away from the bottom plate, an input pipe and an output pipe are respectively communicated. One-way valves are communicated at the joints of the input pipe and the output pipe with the piston cylinder; at one end of each input pipe away from the piston cylinder, a storage tank for storing disinfectant is communicated, and at one end of each output pipe away from the piston cylinder, it is communicated with the through hole.

[0025] A transmission assembly for driving the piston plate to move is provided on the bottom plate.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The quantitative delivery of the disinfectant is realized through the linkage between the piston plate and the transmission assembly. The one-way valve design ensures the one-way flow of the fluid, forming a cycle for the delivery path of the disinfectant from the storage tank to the through hole. The reciprocating movement and positioning adjustment of the piston plate driven by the transmission assembly are synchronized, which can simplify the manual operation steps and improve the surgical efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a number of threaded rods and nut seats. The threaded rods are all coaxially and fixedly connected with the adjacent main gears; at one end of each threaded rod away from the main gear, it penetrates through the inside of the piston cylinder and is threadedly fitted with the adjacent nut seat, and the nut seats are all fixedly connected with the adjacent piston plates.

[0028] Beneficial effects: Through the coaxial connection between the threaded rod and the main gear, the rotational movement of the main gear is converted into the linear displacement of the piston plate, realizing the mechanical linkage of the disinfectant delivery and the drilling angle adjustment. Such a design does not require an independent drive source, and utilizes the power redundancy of the main gear to realize the synchronous pushing of the sterilizing agent. The reciprocating movement of the piston plate forms a direct current delivery through the one-way valve, enabling the disinfectant to flow to the disinfected area. At the same time, the closed flow channel design completely isolates external pollution, constructing a sterile environment throughout the process.

[0029] Furthermore, it further includes a drilling robotic arm for drilling, and the controller is used to control the operation of the drilling robotic arm.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The automated operation of orthopedic positioning and drilling is realized by integrating the drilling robotic arm. The drilling path coordinates with the angle of the positioning rod, thereby reducing the manual operation deviation. Using the automated control method, the drilling depth, the coverage of the sterilizing agent, and the shock absorption and buffering are synchronized, thereby improving the surgical safety and efficiency.

[0031] Further, a camera is fixedly connected to the punching robotic arm, and the controller is configured to receive and store the image information sent by the camera. A plurality of angle sensors are also fixedly connected to the punching robotic arm, and the controller is configured to receive and store the angle information sent by the angle sensors.

[0032] Advantageous effects: The camera is used to capture the image of the drilling area in real time and transmit it to the controller, providing a high-definition visual operation interface for the doctor and assisting in positioning the anatomical landmarks on the bone surface. The image storage function completely records the surgical process, facilitating postoperative effect evaluation and operation traceability. The mechanical cooperative control enhances the intuitiveness of the operation, thereby reducing the surgical difficulty of complex cases. The angle sensors are used to monitor the motion posture of the punching robotic arm in real time, providing angle feedback for the device to ensure that the drilling path is consistent with the preset trajectory. When an abnormal angle deviation is detected, correction or emergency braking is automatically triggered, thereby improving the surgical safety and operation repeatability.

[0033] Further, a straight cylinder for storing disinfectant is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning rod. A conveying plate is slidably fitted to the inner side wall of the straight cylinder; a vertical rod is fixedly connected to the top of the conveying plate, and the top end of the vertical rod extends outside the straight cylinder and contacts the punching robotic arm. The bottom of the straight cylinder is communicated with a conveying pipe, and one end of the conveying pipe away from the straight cylinder is communicated with the through hole.

[0034] Advantageous effects: During the punching process of the punching robotic arm, the punching robotic arm will slowly advance towards the positioning rod; with the design of the vertical rod, when the punching robotic arm is punching, it can push the vertical rod, enabling the vertical rod to push the conveying plate to transport the disinfectant inside the straight cylinder to the through hole, thereby realizing synchronous disinfection of the punching position during the punching process and further improving the asepticity of the device operation.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, will become apparent in part from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 Isometric view of the orthopedic positioning and punching device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 Isometric view of the adjustment assembly in the orthopedic positioning and punching device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 Top view of the adjustment assembly in the orthopedic positioning and punching device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 Installation isometric view of the shock absorption assembly in the orthopedic positioning and punching device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 Installation isometric view of the limit assembly in the orthopedic positioning and punching device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveying component in the orthopedic positioning and drilling device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 An enlarged view of part A.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the straight cylinder in the orthopedic positioning and drilling device of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: 1, bottom plate; 2, positioning rod; 3, first rotating rod; 4, second rotating rod; 5, first motor; 6, second motor; 7, shock absorber; 8, main gear; 9, auxiliary gear; 10, lead screw; 11, limiting plate; 12, limiting rod; 13, sliding plate; 14, piston cylinder; 15, piston plate; 16, threaded rod; 17, nut seat; 18, drilling robotic arm; 19, camera; 20, straight cylinder; 21, conveying plate; 22, vertical rod. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0045] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments: Embodiment 1:

[0046] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown: An orthopedic positioning and drilling device includes a bottom plate 1, a positioning rod 2 is ball-jointed on the bottom plate 1, and a through hole penetrating the bottom plate 1 is opened in the positioning rod 2; a regulating component for adjusting the angle of the positioning rod 2 is provided on the bottom plate 1.

[0047] The regulating component includes a semi-circular first rotating rod 3 and a second rotating rod 4, the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 are perpendicular to each other; the second rotating rod 4 is located above the first rotating rod 3, and sliding grooves for the positioning rod 2 to slide are opened on both the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4. The sliding grooves can provide limits for the positioning rod 2 to keep the movement of the positioning rod 2 stable. In this embodiment, the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 are slidably matched with each other.

[0048] A first rotating component and a second rotating component for driving the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 to rotate are provided on the bottom plate 1.

[0049] The first rotating component includes a controller and a first driving member. In this embodiment, the first driving member is a first motor 5, and the controller is used to control the rotation of the first motor 5; the first motor 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate 1 by screws, and the output shaft of the first motor 5 penetrates the bottom plate 1 and is fixedly clamped with the first rotating rod 3.

[0050] The second rotating assembly includes a second driving member. In this embodiment, the second driving member is a second motor 6, and the controller is used to control the rotation of the second motor 6; the second motor 6 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate 1 by screws, and the output shaft of the second motor 6 penetrates through the bottom plate 1 and is fixedly clamped with the second rotating rod 4; in this embodiment, the output shafts of the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 are both rotatably matched with the bottom plate 1.

[0051] Specifically, as shown in combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 , since the output shaft of the first motor 5 penetrates through the bottom plate 1 and is fixedly clamped with the first rotating rod 3, and the output shaft of the second motor 6 penetrates through the bottom plate 1 and is fixedly clamped with the second rotating rod 4, when the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 are started, the output shafts of the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 can respectively drive the first rotating rod 3 (X-axis direction) and the second rotating rod 4 (Y-axis direction) to rotate around the ball joint center of the bottom plate 1. When the first rotating rod 3 rotates, the positioning rod 2 is guided by the chute to rotate in the X-Z plane; when the second rotating rod 4 rotates, the chute guides the positioning rod 2 to rotate in the Y-Z plane. Through such a design, the positioning rod 2 can be adjusted for orthopedic positioning holes in different directions and angles, so as to realize the multi-directional drilling requirements in a single plane; furthermore, it is beneficial to reduce the adjustment requirements for the position of the drilled limb, thereby reducing the secondary injury caused by moving or adjusting the limb.

[0052] The bottom plate 1 is also provided with a shock-absorbing assembly for providing buffering for the positioning rod 2; the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly are respectively used to drive the shock-absorbing assembly to move to provide buffering for the positioning rod 2.

[0053] Combined with the attached Figure 4 and the attached Figure 5 shown, the shock-absorbing assembly includes a plurality of shock absorbers 7. The first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 both extend to the outer wall of the bottom plate 1 and are fixedly clamped with main gears 8; the main gears 8 are symmetrically engaged with sub-gears 9, and screw rods 10 are coaxially threadedly matched on the sub-gears 9; one end of the screw rod 10 close to the sub-gear 9 penetrates through the bottom plate 1 and is fixedly connected to the adjacent shock absorber 7 by screws, and the screw directions of the screw rods 10 on the adjacent sub-gears 9 are opposite.

[0054] The outer wall of the bottom plate 1 is also provided with a limiting assembly for providing a linear movement track for the screw rod 10. The limiting assembly includes a plurality of limiting plates 11 and limiting rods 12. The limiting plates 11 are all located outside the bottom plate 1, and the limiting rods 12 are both located on both sides of the sub-gear 9 in the vertical direction; both ends of the limiting rod 12 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate 1 and the limiting plate 11 by screws, and one end of the screw rod 10 away from the shock absorber 7 is fixedly connected with a sliding plate 13; the sliding plates 13 are all slidably matched with the adjacent limiting rods 12.

[0055] Specifically, when the first rotating rod 3 or the second rotating rod 4 rotates, the main gear 8 extending to the outer wall of the bottom plate 1 rotates synchronously. Two sets of secondary gears 9 symmetrically meshed on both sides of the main gear 8 also rotate synchronously. For example, when the main gear 8 rotates clockwise, the secondary gears 9 on both sides rotate counterclockwise. When the secondary gears 9 rotate, they drive the screw rod 10 to move through the thread. Since the thread directions of the screw rods 10 on the secondary gears 9 meshed with the same main gear 8 are opposite, the reverse thread design is used to make the moving directions of the two screw rods 10 opposite, forming a symmetrical moving force. Taking Figure 5 as an example, when the main gear 8 rotates, it synchronously drives the secondary gears 9 on both sides to rotate. The left screw rod 10 moves towards the right side of the bottom plate 1, and the right screw rod 10 moves towards the left side of the bottom plate 1. In this embodiment, when the two screw rods 10 extend, the angle adjustment directions with the positioning rod 2 are opposite, and it will not affect the angle adjustment of the positioning rod 2, enabling the positioning rod 2 to be stably adjusted.

[0056] Combined with Figure 7 as shown, one end of the screw rod 10 is fixed to the shock absorber 7 by a screw, and the sliding plate 13 at the other end of the screw rod 10 slides along the limiting rod 12 to keep the screw rod 10 moving linearly. When the screw rod 10 moves towards the inside of the bottom plate 1, it makes the shock absorber 7 contact the ball hinge connection between the positioning rod 2 and the bottom plate 1, and the shock absorber 7 will be gradually compressed, thereby increasing the damping force and reducing the vibration amplitude of the positioning rod 2; when the screw rod 10 moves towards the outside of the bottom plate 1, it moves the shock absorber 7 away from the ball hinge connection between the positioning rod 2 and the bottom plate 1, and the shock absorber 7 is gradually released and retracted; in this embodiment, the greater the rotation angle of the positioning rod 2, the stronger the damping effect of the shock absorber 7.

[0057] An infusion assembly for delivering disinfectant is also provided on the outer wall of the bottom plate 1, and the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly are respectively used to drive the infusion assembly to operate for disinfection.

[0058] The infusion assembly includes a plurality of piston cylinders 14 and piston plates 15. The piston plates 15 are all slidably matched with the inner walls of the piston cylinders 14, and the piston cylinders 14 are all fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate 1 by screws; one side of each piston cylinder 14 away from the bottom plate 1 is communicated with an input pipe and an output pipe, and one-way valves are communicated at the joints of the input pipe and the output pipe with the piston cylinder 14. The design of the one-way valve provides a one-way flow path for the fluid, enabling the disinfectant to flow in from the input pipe and then flow out through the output pipe; one end of each input pipe away from the piston cylinder 14 is communicated with a storage tank for storing disinfectant, and one end of each output pipe away from the piston cylinder 14 is communicated with a through hole.

[0059] A transmission assembly for driving the movement of the piston plate 15 is provided on the bottom plate 1. The transmission assembly includes a plurality of threaded rods 16 and nut seats 17. The threaded rods 16 are coaxially and fixedly clamped with the adjacent main gears 8; one end of the threaded rod 16 away from the main gear 8 penetrates through the inside of the piston cylinder 14 and is in threaded cooperation with the adjacent nut seat 17, and the nut seats 17 are fixedly bonded to the adjacent piston plates 15.

[0060] Specifically, when the main gear 8 rotates, it drives the threaded rod 16 coaxially clamped with it to rotate synchronously. Since the threaded rod 16 is in threaded cooperation with the nut seat 17 and the nut seat 17 is fixedly bonded to the piston plate 15, when the threaded rod 16 rotates, it can drive the nut seat 17 to move along the axial direction through threaded cooperation. When the nut seat 17 moves, it drives the piston plate 15 to reciprocate in the piston cylinder 14. In this embodiment, the sliding fit between the piston plate 15 and the inner wall of the piston cylinder 14 can provide a limit for the piston plate 15 to keep its linear movement track; so that the piston plate 15 can form a suction force or a thrust force in the piston cylinder 14. When forming a suction force, the disinfectant is sucked into the inside of the piston cylinder 14; when forming a thrust force, the disinfectant inside the piston cylinder 14 is transported to the through hole. In this embodiment, disinfection and sterilization can be completed before each adjustment of the angle of the positioning rod 2, reducing the risk of cross-infection and further improving the safety of orthopedic positioning and drilling.

[0061] The specific implementation process is as follows: First, before orthopedic positioning and drilling, place the bottom plate 1 at the position to be drilled, and align the through hole with the point to be drilled. Start the first motor 5 and the second motor 6 through the controller to drive the first rotating rod 3 (X-axis direction) and the second rotating rod 4 (Y-axis direction) to rotate around the spherical hinge center of the bottom plate 1 respectively. The semi-circular sliding grooves of the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 guide the positioning rod 2 to rotate through the limit. For example, when the first rotating rod 3 rotates 30°, the positioning rod 2 deflects 30° in the X-Z plane, and when the second rotating rod 4 rotates 45°, it controls the angle deflection of 45° in the Y-Z plane to achieve the accurate pointing of the positioning rod 2 to the target bone surface position.

[0062] When the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 rotate, the main gear 8 fixedly clamped at their outer ends rotates synchronously. When the main gear 8 rotates, it drives the auxiliary gears 9 on both sides to drive the lead screws 10 to move in the opposite direction. For example, if the main gear 8 rotates clockwise, the positioning rod 2 deflects backward by an angle. At this time, the left lead screw 10 pushes the shock absorber 7 towards the ball hinge connection between the positioning rod 2 and the bottom plate 1, and the shock absorber 7 is gradually compressed to enhance the damping, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the positioning rod 2; the right lead screw 10 moves towards the outside of the bottom plate 1 to release and recover the damping to avoid interfering with the rotation direction of the positioning rod 2. At the same time, the threaded rod 16 fixedly clamped coaxially with the main gear 8 rotates with the rotating rod, and drives the piston plate 15 to reciprocate in the piston cylinder 14 through the nut seat 17, and pumps the disinfectant in the storage tank into the through hole through the one-way valve to complete the pre-sterilization of the hole before the drill bit contacts the bone surface.

[0063] Through the mechanical linkage design, the present invention combines the functions of angle adjustment, shock absorption and buffering, and disinfection and sterilization. When the first rotating rod 3 and the second rotating rod 4 are positioned at an angle, by synchronously driving the displacement of the shock absorber 7 and the reciprocating motion of the piston plate 15, the shock absorber 7 is automatically locked to reduce the drilling jitter, and the delivery of the disinfectant is matched with the drilling channel, so as to carry out the disinfection and sterilization treatment.

[0064] Embodiment 2:

[0065] As shown in the attached Figure 1 figure, the difference from the above embodiment is that this embodiment also provides a drilling robotic arm 18 for drilling, and the controller is used to control the operation of the drilling robotic arm 18; in this embodiment, the bottom plate 1 is detachably connected to the drilling robotic arm 18.

[0066] The specific implementation process is as follows: The automated operation of orthopedic positioning and drilling is realized by integrating the drilling robotic arm 18, and the drilling path coordinates with the angle of the positioning rod 2, thereby reducing the manual operation deviation. The automated control method is used to synchronize the drilling depth, the coverage of the sterilizing agent and the shock absorption and buffering, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the operation.

[0067] Embodiment 3:

[0068] As shown in the attached Figure 1 figure, the difference from the above embodiment is that a camera 19 is fixedly connected to the drilling robotic arm 18 by screws, and the controller is used to receive and store the image information sent by the camera 19; in this embodiment, the image information is displayed on a display screen. A plurality of angle sensors are also fixedly adhered to the drilling robotic arm 18, and the controller is used to receive and store the angle information sent by the angle sensors.

[0069] The specific implementation process is as follows: The camera 19 is used to capture the image of the drilling area in real time and transmit it to the controller, providing a high-definition visual operation interface for the doctor and assisting in positioning the anatomical landmarks on the bone surface. The image storage function completely records the surgical process, facilitating postoperative effect evaluation and operation traceability. The mechanical collaborative control is used to enhance the intuitiveness of the operation, thereby reducing the surgical difficulty of complex cases. The angle sensor is used to monitor the motion posture of the drilling robotic arm 18 in real time, providing angle feedback for the device to ensure that the drilling path is consistent with the preset trajectory. When an abnormal angle deviation is detected, correction or emergency braking is automatically triggered, thereby improving the surgical safety and operation repeatability.

[0070] Embodiment 4:

[0071] As shown in the attached Figure 8 figure, the difference from the above embodiment is that a straight cylinder 20 for storing disinfectant is also fixedly connected to the top of the positioning rod 2 by screws. A conveying plate 21 is slidably fitted on the inner side wall of the straight cylinder 20; a vertical rod 22 is fixedly bonded to the top of the conveying plate 21, and the top end of the vertical rod 22 extends outside the straight cylinder 20 and contacts the drilling robotic arm 18; the bottom of the straight cylinder 20 is communicated with a conveying pipe, and one end of the conveying pipe away from the straight cylinder 20 is communicated with the through hole.

[0072] The specific implementation process is as follows: During the drilling process of the drilling robotic arm 18, the drilling robotic arm 18 will slowly advance towards the positioning rod 2; with the design of the vertical rod 22, the vertical rod 22 can be pushed when the drilling robotic arm 18 is drilling, so that the vertical rod 22 can push the conveying plate 21 to convey the disinfectant inside the straight cylinder 20 to the through hole, thereby realizing synchronous disinfection of the drilling position during the drilling process and further improving the sterility of the device operation. In this embodiment, a sufficient amount of disinfectant is stored in the straight cylinder 20 before each drilling.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orthopedic positioning and drilling device, comprising a bottom plate (1), characterized in that, On the bottom plate (1), the spherical hinge has a positioning rod (2), and a through hole penetrating the bottom plate (1) is opened in the positioning rod (2); an adjusting assembly for adjusting the angle of the positioning rod (2) is provided on the bottom plate (1); The adjusting assembly includes a semi-circular first rotating rod (3) and a second rotating rod (4), and the first rotating rod (3) and the second rotating rod (4) are perpendicular to each other; the second rotating rod (4) is located above the first rotating rod (3), and sliding grooves for the positioning rod (2) to slide are opened on both the first rotating rod (3) and the second rotating rod (4); A first rotating assembly and a second rotating assembly for driving the first rotating rod (3) and the second rotating rod (4) to rotate are provided on the bottom plate (1); A shock-absorbing assembly for buffering the positioning rod (2) is further provided on the bottom plate (1); the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly are respectively used to drive the shock-absorbing assembly to move to provide buffering for the positioning rod (2); A conveying assembly for conveying disinfectant is further provided on the outer wall of the bottom plate (1), and the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly are respectively used to drive the conveying assembly to operate for disinfection.

2. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first rotating assembly includes a controller and a first driving member, and the controller is used to control the first driving member to rotate; the first driving member is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate (1), and the output shaft of the first driving member penetrates the bottom plate (1) and is fixedly connected to the first rotating rod (3).

3. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second rotating assembly includes a second driving member, and the controller is used to control the second driving member to rotate; the second driving member is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate (1), and the output shaft of the second driving member penetrates the bottom plate (1) and is fixedly connected to the second rotating rod (4).

4. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shock-absorbing assembly includes a plurality of shock absorbers (7), and both the first rotating rod (3) and the second rotating rod (4) extend to the outer wall of the bottom plate (1) and are fixedly connected with a main gear (8); auxiliary gears (9) are symmetrically engaged with the main gears (8), and screw rods (10) are coaxially threadedly engaged with the auxiliary gears (9); one end of each screw rod (10) close to the auxiliary gear (9) penetrates the bottom plate (1) and is fixedly connected to the adjacent shock absorber (7), and the screw threads of the screw rods (10) on the adjacent auxiliary gears (9) are opposite; A limiting assembly for providing a linear movement track for the screw rod (10) is further provided on the outer wall of the bottom plate (1).

5. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes a plurality of limiting plates (11) and limiting rods (12), the limiting plates (11) are all located outside the bottom plate (1), and the limiting rods (12) are all located on both sides of the auxiliary gear (9) in the vertical direction; both ends of the limiting rod (12) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate (1) and the limiting plate (11), and one end of the screw rod (10) far from the shock absorber (7) is fixedly connected with a sliding plate (13); the sliding plates (13) are all slidably matched with the adjacent limiting rods (12).

6. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 5, wherein, The conveying assembly includes a plurality of piston cylinders (14) and piston plates (15). The piston plates (15) are all slidably fitted with the inner walls of the piston cylinders (14), and the piston cylinders (14) are all fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom plate (1). One side of each piston cylinder (14) away from the bottom plate (1) is communicated with an input pipe and an output pipe, and one-way valves are communicated at the joints of the input pipe and the output pipe with the piston cylinder (14). One end of each input pipe away from the piston cylinder (14) is communicated with a storage tank for storing disinfectant, and one end of each output pipe away from the piston cylinder (14) is communicated with the through hole. A transmission assembly for driving the piston plate (15) to move is provided on the bottom plate (1).

7. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 6, wherein The transmission assembly includes a plurality of threaded rods (16) and nut seats (17). The threaded rods (16) are all coaxially and fixedly connected to the adjacent main gears (8). One end of each threaded rod (16) away from the main gear (8) penetrates through the inside of the piston cylinder (14) and is in threaded cooperation with the adjacent nut seat (17), and the nut seats (17) are all fixedly connected to the adjacent piston plates (15).

8. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 7, wherein It further includes a drilling robotic arm (18) for drilling, and the controller is used to control the operation of the drilling robotic arm (18).

9. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 8, wherein, A camera (19) is fixedly connected to the drilling robotic arm (18), and the controller is used to receive and store the image information sent by the camera (19). A plurality of angle sensors are also fixedly connected to the drilling robotic arm (18), and the controller is used to receive and store the angle information sent by the angle sensors.

10. The orthopedic positioning and punching device according to claim 9, wherein, A straight cylinder (20) for storing disinfectant is further fixedly connected to the top of the positioning rod (2). A conveying plate (21) is slidably fitted with the inner side wall of the straight cylinder (20). A vertical rod (22) is fixedly connected to the top of the conveying plate (21), and the top end of the vertical rod (22) extends outside the straight cylinder (20) and contacts the drilling robotic arm (18). The bottom of the straight cylinder (20) is communicated with a conveying pipe, and one end of the conveying pipe away from the straight cylinder (20) is communicated with the through hole.

Images