Energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on production of zinc sulfate heptahydrate

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ore processing, and discloses an energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production, which comprises a base, a barrel and a driving unit, a transfer element is installed on the inner wall of the barrel, a rotary drum is arranged in the coarse grinding area, a plurality of partitions are connected between the outer wall of the rotary drum and the inner wall of the barrel, a plurality of discharge mechanisms are arranged in the rotary drum in a ring shape at equal intervals, each discharge mechanism comprises a fixed table connected with the inner wall of the rotary drum and a material pushing assembly arranged in the fixed table, and each discharge mechanism further comprises a plurality of positioning plates. The material pushing assembly pushes the materials and grinding balls between the fixed table and the rotary drum, so that the grinding balls are arranged at equal intervals on the positioning plates and can move to a high position along the positioning plates and then fall down, thereby enhancing the impact force, avoiding ineffective collision, improving the grinding efficiency and saving energy. Meanwhile, the small materials are screened out in advance through the screening holes, so that the grinding efficiency is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing and production technology, and in particular to an energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate. Background Technology

[0002] Zinc sulfate heptahydrate is an important inorganic compound, appearing as a white crystalline powder, and has wide applications in agriculture, industry, medicine, and many other fields. Its preparation typically uses zinc-containing materials such as zinc calcined sand, zinc ash, and zinc ore as raw materials. First, the lumpy materials are processed into powder using a ball mill, then undergo a series of treatments, and finally, the product is obtained through evaporation and crystallization.

[0003] The working principle of a ball mill is based on the centrifugal force generated by the rotating cylinder. When the cylinder rotates, the grinding balls inside the cylinder adhere to the cylinder and make circular motions under the action of centrifugal force. As the height increases, when the dynamic balance between gravity and centrifugal force is broken, the grinding balls fall from the height and rely on the strong impact force and grinding force to crush the material into powder.

[0004] However, in actual processing, the presence of lumpy materials can interfere with the normal trajectory of the grinding balls, causing them to fall prematurely. This is mainly because when lumpy materials roll or move within the ball mill cylinder, they directly collide and rub against the grinding balls. During the upward movement of the grinding balls, once they encounter the obstruction of lumpy materials, their upward motion, originally maintained by centrifugal force, is hindered. The obstruction of the lumpy materials changes the direction and magnitude of the force on the grinding balls, making it difficult for them to continue rising to the expected height. Simultaneously, due to the relatively large mass and volume of the lumpy materials, colliding with the grinding balls consumes some of their kinetic energy, preventing the grinding balls from reaching the ideal height under the action of centrifugal force, forcing them to fall prematurely. As a result, the height of the falling grinding balls is reduced, the accumulated kinetic energy is insufficient, and the impact force on the material is weakened, thus greatly reducing the grinding effect and efficiency. In addition, when some materials are ground into powder first, these powders will accumulate under the block materials, forming a "buffer pad" effect. When the grinding balls fall and hit the block materials, the powder will absorb some of the impact force, reducing the actual impact force on the block materials and further affecting the grinding efficiency of the materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Given that existing technologies suffer from problems such as premature grinding ball descent and powder buffering of lumpy materials, leading to reduced grinding efficiency, an energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate is proposed.

[0006] The purpose is to divide the cylinder into sections, so that the grinding balls in the coarse grinding zone can be evenly distributed on the positioning plate and can move to the highest point, so that the grinding balls have the maximum impact potential energy, while screening out small pieces of material in advance to avoid providing a buffer for large pieces of material.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is an energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate, comprising a base, a cylinder and a drive unit. The cylinder is rotatably mounted on the base and driven by the drive unit. A transfer component is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the cylinder, which divides the inner wall of the cylinder into a coarse grinding zone and a fine grinding zone. A rotating cylinder is provided in the coarse grinding zone. Multiple partitions are connected between the outer wall of the rotating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder. Multiple discharge mechanisms are arranged in a ring at equal intervals inside the rotating cylinder. Multiple liners are laid on the inner wall of the fine grinding zone.

[0008] The discharge mechanism includes a fixed platform connected to the inner wall of the rotating drum, and a top material assembly disposed in the fixed platform. The fixed platform has a hollow structure and is connected to the rotating drum. Multiple screening holes are opened on one inclined side of the fixed platform. The discharge mechanism also includes multiple positioning plates. The positioning plates are disposed between two adjacent fixed platforms, and one end of the positioning plate is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum.

[0009] The top material assembly includes a synchronizing rod disposed within a fixed platform. Multiple top plates are linearly and equally spaced on the side of the synchronizing rod away from the screen hole. The top plates are movably disposed through the fixed platform. A counterweight rod is disposed between the rotating drum and the drum body. Both ends of the counterweight rod are eccentrically connected to connecting rods. The other end of the connecting rod passes through the rotating drum and is rotatably connected to the fixed platform. The connecting rod is used to drive the synchronizing rod to rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, the transfer component includes a guide column with a frustum-shaped structure. Multiple guide plates are fixedly connected in an annular pattern at equal intervals on the outer wall of the arc side of the guide column. Circular baffles are provided on both axial sides of the guide column. The baffles are connected and fixed to the guide plates and the inner wall of the cylinder. Multiple feed holes are opened in an annular pattern at equal intervals at the edge of the baffle on the side of the coarse grinding zone, and a discharge hole is opened in the middle of the baffle on the side of the fine grinding zone.

[0011] Furthermore, the plurality of the partitions are arranged in a ring with equal spacing and spiral distribution, and one end of each partition faces the feed hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the top plate has a fan-shaped structure and one end of the central angle is rotatably connected to the fixed platform, and the end of the connecting rod near the fixed platform is hinged to the synchronous rod with a support rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning plate is provided with multiple U-shaped positioning grooves at equal intervals, and multiple triangular plates are fixedly connected between the positioning plate and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide plate is provided between two adjacent U-shaped positioning slots. The guide plate has a triangular prism structure and is connected and fixed to the positioning plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the discharge mechanism also includes a dredging component disposed within a fixed platform. The dredging component includes a connecting shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed platform. Multiple top rods are linearly and equally spaced and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting shaft. Both ends of the connecting shaft are fixedly connected to a driving rod. The driving rod and the connecting rod are hinged together by a second support rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the top material assembly is provided with a power storage unit, the power storage unit includes a sliding sleeve that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod, a positioning rod is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, a positioning groove adapted to the positioning rod is opened on the rotating drum, and a limiting block is provided on the side of the sliding sleeve facing the counterweight rod. The limiting block has a trapezoidal structure and is connected and fixed to the counterweight rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive unit is equipped with an energy-saving heat dissipation module, which includes a protective cover and fan blades. The protective cover is fitted over the outside of the motor of the drive unit, and the fan blades are mounted on the output shaft of the motor.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The material and grinding balls between the fixed platform and the rotating drum are ejected by the top material assembly, so that the grinding balls are evenly spaced on the positioning plate and can follow the positioning plate to a high place to fall, which enhances the impact force, avoids ineffective collisions, improves grinding efficiency and saves energy. At the same time, the screen holes screen out small pieces of material in advance, avoiding buffering for large pieces of material, thereby further improving grinding efficiency.

[0020] 2. By working in concert with the unblocking component and the discharge mechanism, the unblocking component intermittently unblocks the screen holes, avoiding the impact of material blockage on screening efficiency, ensuring the continuity and stability of material grading in the coarse grinding zone, improving the reliability of the overall grinding process, reducing manual maintenance costs, and enhancing the efficiency of equipment operation.

[0021] 3. The energy storage unit allows the counterweight rod to accumulate gravitational potential energy. After the positioning rod disengages from the positioning slot, the potential energy of the counterweight rod is converted into explosive rotational kinetic energy of the connecting rod, enabling the top plate and top rod to achieve peak work intensity and enhancing the material lifting and unblocking effect. This design improves mechanical linkage efficiency, achieves maximum execution force with minimum energy consumption, optimizes energy utilization, ensures efficient and stable operation of the material discharge mechanism, and reduces energy loss. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the transfer component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating drum and discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixing platform of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top material assembly and the unblocking assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the counterweight rod, top plate, and top rod structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning plate structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the energy storage unit and the rotating drum of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the contact state between the counterweight rod and the sliding sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of some of the drive units and energy-saving heat dissipation modules of the present invention.

[0033] In the picture:

[0034] 1. Cylinder body; 2. Drive unit; 3. Transfer component; 31. Guide column; 32. Guide plate; 33. Baffle; 4. Rotary drum; 5. Partition plate; 6. Liner plate; 7. Fixed platform; 8. Screen hole; 9. Top material assembly; 91. Synchronizing rod; 92. Top plate; 93. Counterweight rod; 94. Connecting rod; 95. Support rod one; 10. Positioning plate; 11. U-shaped positioning groove; 12. Triangular plate; 13. Guide plate; 14. Unblocking assembly; 141. Coupling shaft; 142. Top rod; 143. Drive rod; 144. Support rod two; 15. Power storage unit; 151. Sliding sleeve; 152. Positioning rod; 153. Limiting block; 16. Energy-saving heat dissipation module; 161. Protective cover; 162. Fan blade. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-8This invention provides an energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials produced from zinc sulfate heptahydrate, comprising a base, a cylinder 1, and a drive unit 2. The cylinder 1 is rotatably mounted on the base and driven by the drive unit 2. A transfer component 3 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the cylinder 1, dividing the interior of the cylinder 1 into a coarse grinding zone and a fine grinding zone. A rotating cylinder 4 is provided in the coarse grinding zone. Multiple partitions 5 are connected between the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 4 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. Multiple discharge mechanisms are arranged in a ring at equal intervals inside the rotating cylinder 4. Multiple liners 6 are laid on the inner wall of the fine grinding zone. The discharge mechanism includes a fixed platform 7 connected to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 4 and a top material assembly 9 disposed in the fixed platform 7. The fixed platform 7 has a hollow structure and is connected to the rotating drum 4. Multiple screening holes 8 are opened on one side of the inclined surface of the fixed platform 7. The discharge mechanism also includes multiple positioning plates 10. The positioning plates 10 are located between two adjacent fixed platforms 7, and one end of the positioning plate 10 is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum 4. The top material assembly 9 includes a synchronizing rod 91 located in the fixed platform 7. Multiple top plates 92 are linearly and equally spaced on the side of the synchronizing rod 91 away from the screening holes 8. The top plates 92 are movably installed through the fixed platform 7. A counterweight rod 93 is provided between the rotating drum 4 and the cylinder 1. Both ends of the counterweight rod 93 are eccentrically connected to connecting rods 94. The other end of the connecting rod 94 passes through the rotating drum 4 and is rotatably connected to the fixed platform 7. The connecting rod 94 is used to drive the synchronizing rod 91 to rotate.

[0037] Specifically, the coarse grinding zone is located on the side of cylinder 1 facing the feed end, while the fine grinding zone is located on the side of cylinder 1 facing the discharge end. When the drive unit 2 drives cylinder 1 to rotate, the lumpy material first enters the rotating drum 4 cavity in the coarse grinding zone. Under the action of centrifugal force, the material and grinding balls accumulate between the fixed platform 7 and the positioning plate 10 and move upward. At the same time, the counterweight rod 93 drives the connecting rod 94 to rotate due to gravity, which in turn causes the synchronizing rod 91 to drive the top plate 92 to rotate and extend out of the fixed platform 7, pushing out the material and grinding balls accumulated between the fixed platform 7 and the rotating drum 4 in advance. The grinding balls that have detached from the fixed platform 7 slide down onto the positioning plate 10 under the action of gravity and get stuck, while the lumpy material continues to tumble and crush inside the rotating drum 4. As the grinding process progresses, the crushed small pieces of material fall to the bottom of cylinder 1 through the screen hole 8 of the lower fixed platform 7. At this time, the partition 5 plays a guiding role, conveying the small pieces of material to the transfer component 3. Finally, the transfer component 3 carries the small pieces of material into the fine grinding zone, where further fine grinding is completed under the synergistic effect of the grinding balls and the liner plate 6.

[0038] In this design, after the top plate 92 ejects the material and grinding balls, the grinding balls will be stuck on the positioning plate 10, separating from the blocky material that is continuously tumbling inside the rotating drum 4. When the positioning plate 10 rotates upward with the rotating drum 4, the grinding balls are simultaneously subjected to centrifugal force, friction with the positioning plate 10, and their own gravity. As the rotating drum 4 rotates to a specific angle, the weight of the grinding balls gradually overcomes the centrifugal force and friction, and they lose their restraint at the highest point of the rotating drum 4 and fall downward. At this time, the grinding balls impact the blocky material with maximum impact force, forming a highly efficient grinding effect. This design allows the blocky material to be ground more thoroughly and specifically inside the rotating drum 4, effectively avoiding ineffective collisions caused by the mixing of the grinding balls and the material. While improving the grinding quality, it significantly reduces energy consumption and optimizes the entire grinding process.

[0039] In addition, the coarse grinding zone focuses on initially crushing lumpy materials, while the fine grinding zone further refines the smaller pieces of material after coarse grinding. This clearly defined grinding method, compared to a single grinding zone, can process materials more efficiently, reduce grinding time, and improve overall production efficiency. At the same time, graded grinding ensures the uniformity and fineness of the final product's particle size, meeting the stringent requirements for the grinding quality of zinc-containing materials in the production of zinc sulfate heptahydrate.

[0040] It should be noted that the weight of the counterweight rod 93 is designed to be greater than the centrifugal force generated when the cylinder 1 rotates. When the cylinder 1 continues to rotate under the drive of the drive unit 2, the counterweight rod 93, which is in an upward motion trajectory, exerts a stable downward pressure on the connecting rod 94, which is eccentrically connected to it, due to its gravity advantage. This pressure causes the connecting rod 94 to maintain a specific rotational tendency, which in turn drives the synchronizing rod 91 to rotate, causing the top plate 92 to extend out of the fixed platform 7, realizing the ejection operation of materials and grinding balls, and ensuring that the discharge mechanism functions stably and continuously.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transfer component 3 includes a guide post 31 with a frustum-shaped structure. Multiple guide plates 32 are fixedly connected in an annular pattern at equal intervals on the outer wall of the arc side of the guide post 31. Circular baffles 33 are provided on both sides of the guide post 31 along the axial direction. The baffles 33 are connected and fixed to the guide plates 32 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1. Multiple feed holes are opened in an annular pattern at equal intervals at the edge of the baffle 33 on the side of the coarse grinding zone, and a discharge hole is opened in the middle of the baffle 33 on the side of the fine grinding zone.

[0042] Specifically, the guide plate 32 and the baffle 33 facing the fine grinding zone are set at an acute angle. The small pieces of material in the cylinder 1 enter the space between two adjacent guide plates 32 through the feed hole under the action of the partition plate 5. As the cylinder 1 rotates, the small pieces of material move towards the discharge hole under the action of the guide plate 32 and finally roll into the fine grinding zone.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 Multiple baffles 5 are arranged in a ring with equal spacing and spiral distribution, and one end of each baffle 5 faces the feed hole.

[0044] Specifically, under the combined force of centrifugal force and the rotation of cylinder 1, small pieces of material adhere tightly to the surface of partition 5 and move gradually towards the side of transfer component 3 along the spiral trajectory. Since one end of partition 5 is set towards the feed hole, when the material moves to a specific position along the spiral path, it enters the transfer component 3 through the feed hole, completing the transition from the coarse grinding zone to the fine grinding zone. The entire transfer process is coherent and efficient, ensuring the orderly flow of material in cylinder 1.

[0045] Reference Figures 4-7 The top plate 92 has a fan-shaped structure and one end of the central angle is rotatably connected to the fixed platform 7. The end of the connecting rod 94 near the fixed platform 7 is hinged to the synchronous rod 91 with a support rod 95.

[0046] Specifically, when the counterweight rod 93 moves from bottom to top, the eccentric torque generated by gravity drives the connecting rod 94 to rotate counterclockwise around the hinge point. The rotation of the connecting rod 94 transmits the force to the synchronizing rod 91 through the support rod 95. The synchronizing rod 91 drives the top plate 92 connected to it to gradually extend one end of the fixed platform 7 around the hinge point, thereby realizing the ejection operation of the material and grinding balls accumulated between the fixed platform 7 and the rotating drum 4.

[0047] It is worth noting that during the extension process of the top plate 92, the other end always remains inside the fixed platform 7. This design effectively prevents debris from entering the through-hole area of ​​the top plate 92, prevents jamming caused by debris accumulation, ensures that the top material assembly 9 can operate stably for a long time, and guarantees the efficiency and reliability of the material discharge mechanism.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 8 The positioning plate 10 has multiple U-shaped positioning grooves 11 at equal intervals, and multiple triangular plates 12 are fixedly connected between the positioning plate 10 and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 4.

[0049] Specifically, the triangular plate 12 sets an acute angle between the positioning plate 10 and the inner wall of the rotating drum 4. When the top material assembly 9 pushes out the large pieces of material and grinding balls from the fixed platform 7, the material and grinding balls fall downwards under the action of gravity. When the material passes the positioning plate 10, it can continue to flow downwards along the surface of the positioning plate 10 or the cavity of the U-shaped positioning groove 11. Since the inner diameter of the U-shaped positioning groove 11 is precisely matched with the outer diameter of the grinding balls in the coarse grinding zone, the grinding balls will be stably locked in the U-shaped positioning groove 11 as they rotate upwards with the positioning plate 10. This design allows the grinding balls to be carried by the positioning plate 10 to the highest point of the rotating drum 4. At this time, the gravitational potential energy accumulated by the height difference of the grinding balls is converted into maximum impact kinetic energy, which impacts the blocky material with a stronger impact force when falling, significantly improving the grinding effect.

[0050] Furthermore, multiple grinding balls are equidistantly distributed on the positioning plate 10 via U-shaped positioning grooves 11, ensuring that they maintain independent motion trajectories during rotation and descent with the rotating drum 4, thus avoiding kinetic energy loss due to mutual collisions. This orderly distribution allows the grinding balls to act on the material more precisely and efficiently, further improving the grinding efficiency of the coarse grinding zone while reducing ineffective energy consumption and optimizing the overall grinding process.

[0051] It should be noted that the grinding balls in the coarse grinding zone are of the same size, while the grinding balls in the fine grinding zone are of different sizes. Before entering the coarse grinding zone, the lumpy material is pre-crushed by a jaw crusher or other means to avoid excessively large particles from increasing the energy consumption of the ball mill. At the same time, the size of the pre-crushed lumpy material is smaller than that of the grinding balls in the coarse grinding zone, so that the lumpy material can pass smoothly through the U-shaped positioning groove 11. The grinding balls of different sizes in the fine grinding zone can refine the small pieces of material and process them into powder.

[0052] Reference Figure 8 A guide plate 13 is provided between two adjacent U-shaped positioning grooves 11. The guide plate 13 has a triangular prism structure and is connected and fixed to the positioning plate 10.

[0053] Specifically, when the grinding ball falls from above and contacts the guide plate 13, based on the geometric characteristics of the triangular prism's inclined plane, the gravity acting on the grinding ball is decomposed into horizontal and vertical components along the inclined plane. The horizontal component drives the grinding ball to roll towards the U-shaped positioning groove 11, while the vertical component provides the pressure required to engage with the positioning groove. This structural design allows the grinding ball to accurately roll into the U-shaped positioning groove 11 along a specific trajectory after contacting the guide plate 13, effectively reducing the probability of the grinding ball detaching from the positioning groove. At the same time, the triangular prism structure of the guide plate 13 enhances the overall rigidity of the positioning plate 10, reduces deformation caused by the impact of the grinding ball, further improves the engagement stability, and ensures that the grinding ball can be reliably positioned and move with the positioning plate 10 to the highest point to obtain maximum impact kinetic energy.

[0054] Example 2, refer to Figures 4-7 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the discharge mechanism further includes a clearing component 14 disposed in the fixed platform 7. The clearing component 14 includes a connecting shaft 141 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed platform 7. Multiple top rods 142 are linearly and equally spaced and fixedly connected on the outer wall of the connecting shaft 141. Both ends of the connecting shaft 141 are fixedly connected to a driving rod 143. The driving rod 143 and the connecting rod 94 are hinged together by a second support rod 144.

[0055] Specifically, when the fixed platform 7 moves upward, the rotation of the connecting rod 94 is transmitted to the connecting shaft 141 via the second support rod 144, driving it to rotate circumferentially. This rotation causes the top rod 142 of the linear array to move in an arc shape synchronously, with its movable end sweeping along the axial trajectory of the screen hole 8. During this movement, the end of the top rod 142 can effectively penetrate the material blocking the screen hole 8, achieving directional removal of the blockage. This mechanical linkage design ensures that when the fixed platform 7 returns to the lower position, the screen hole 8 always maintains the preset material passage cross section, ensuring the stability and efficiency of continuous screening operations.

[0056] Understandably, referring to Figure 7 The connection points of strut 1 95, strut 2 144 and connecting rod 94 are located on the upper and lower sides of the axis of rotation of connecting rod 94, respectively, so that connecting rod 94 can drive strut 1 95 and strut 2 144 to move when it rotates.

[0057] Reference Figure 9 The top material assembly 9 is provided with a power storage unit 15. The power storage unit 15 includes a sliding sleeve 151 that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod 94. A positioning rod 152 is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 151. A positioning groove adapted to the positioning rod 152 is opened on the rotating drum 4. A limiting block 153 is provided on the side of the sliding sleeve 151 facing the counterweight rod 93. The limiting block 153 has a trapezoidal structure and is connected and fixed to the counterweight rod 93.

[0058] Specifically, during the initial phase of the upward movement of the top material assembly 9 from the bottom, the positioning rod 152 remains engaged with the positioning groove of the rotating drum 4, and the connecting rod 94 is in a rotationally locked state. Because the counterweight rod 93 and the connecting rod 94 are eccentrically connected, the counterweight rod 93, under the action of gravitational torque, forces the trapezoidal limiting block 153 to remain at the top position. When the movement trajectory exceeds the critical point, the contact surface between the limiting block 153 and the sliding sleeve 151 separates. At this point, under the combined action of centrifugal force and the weight of the sliding sleeve 151, the positioning rod 152 quickly disengages from the positioning groove constraint. This mechanical unlocking mechanism allows the gravitational potential energy accumulated in the counterweight rod 93 to be released instantaneously, driving the connecting rod 94 to achieve explosive rotation, thereby enabling the top plate 92 and the top rod 142 to obtain peak kinetic energy, ensuring that their actuators (top material / unblocking action) have maximum work intensity.

[0059] Among them, reference Figure 10When the counterweight rod 93 moves upward from the bottom and rotates more than 90°, its outer circumferential surface contacts the sliding sleeve 151, pushing the sliding sleeve 151 to slide downward along the connecting rod 94 axially, causing the positioning rod 152 to retract into the inner cavity of the rotating cylinder 4. As the counterweight rod 93 continues to move and rotates 180°, it drives the connecting rod 94 to rotate clockwise under gravity. At this point, the trajectory plane of the positioning rod 152 is collinearly aligned with the positioning groove of the rotating cylinder 4. Subsequently, under centrifugal force, the sliding sleeve 151 drives the positioning rod 152 to move radially outward, precisely embedding it into the positioning groove, thus achieving secondary motion locking of the connecting rod 94. The remaining structure is the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0060] Example 3, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 11 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the drive unit 2 is provided with an energy-saving heat dissipation module 16. The energy-saving heat dissipation module 16 includes a protective cover 161 and a fan blade 162. The protective cover 161 is sleeved on the outside of the motor of the drive unit 2, and the fan blade 162 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor.

[0061] Specifically, the protective cover 161 provides a physical protective barrier for the motor of the drive unit 2. Simultaneously, the motor drives the fan blades 162 to rotate, creating a directional airflow within the protective cover 161. This increases the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor surface and improves its energy-saving effect. The remaining structure is the same as in Embodiment 2.

[0062] Based on embodiments 1-3, the working principle of this invention is as follows: During operation, the drive unit 2 drives the cylinder 1 to rotate. The blocky material first enters the coarse grinding zone. Under the action of centrifugal force, the material and grinding balls accumulate between the fixed platform 7 and the positioning plate 10. The gravity of the counterweight rod 93 drives the top plate 92 to periodically push out through the connecting rod 94, so that the grinding balls are separated from the material. The grinding balls are precisely caught by the U-shaped positioning groove 11 of the positioning plate 10 and carried to the high point before falling freely, crushing the material with the maximum impact force. The crushed small particles enter the bottom of the cylinder 1 through the screen hole 8, are guided into the transfer component 3 through the spiral partition 5, and enter the fine grinding zone for secondary fine grinding. The discharge mechanism is equipped with a dredging component 14, which periodically cleans the screen hole 8 through the linkage of the connecting rod 94 and the top rod 142 to prevent blockage.

[0063] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials produced from zinc sulfate heptahydrate, comprising a base, a cylinder, and a drive unit, wherein the cylinder is rotatably mounted on the base and driven by the drive unit, characterized in that: A transfer component is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the cylinder, which divides the inner wall of the cylinder into a coarse grinding zone and a fine grinding zone. A rotating cylinder is provided in the coarse grinding zone. Multiple partitions are connected between the outer wall of the rotating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder. Multiple discharge mechanisms are arranged in a ring at equal intervals inside the rotating cylinder. Multiple lining plates are laid on the inner wall of the fine grinding zone. The discharge mechanism includes a fixed platform connected to the inner wall of the rotating drum, and a top material assembly disposed in the fixed platform. The fixed platform has a hollow structure and is connected to the rotating drum. Multiple screening holes are opened on one inclined side of the fixed platform. The discharge mechanism also includes multiple positioning plates. The positioning plates are disposed between two adjacent fixed platforms, and one end of the positioning plate is connected and fixed to the inner wall of the rotating drum. The top material assembly includes a synchronizing rod disposed within a fixed platform. Multiple top plates are linearly and equally spaced on the side of the synchronizing rod away from the screen hole. The top plates are movably disposed through the fixed platform. A counterweight rod is disposed between the rotating drum and the drum body. Both ends of the counterweight rod are eccentrically connected to connecting rods. The other end of the connecting rod passes through the rotating drum and is rotatably connected to the fixed platform. The connecting rod is used to drive the synchronizing rod to rotate.

2. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer component includes a guide column with a frustum-shaped structure. Multiple guide plates are fixedly connected in an annular pattern at equal intervals on the outer wall of the arc side of the guide column. Circular baffles are provided on both axial sides of the guide column. The baffles are connected and fixed to the guide plates and the inner wall of the cylinder. Multiple feed holes are opened in an annular pattern at equal intervals at the edge of the baffle on the side of the coarse grinding zone. A discharge hole is opened in the middle of the baffle on the side of the fine grinding zone.

3. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple partitions are arranged in a ring with equal spacing and spiral distribution, with one end of each partition facing the feed hole.

4. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate has a fan-shaped structure and one end of the central angle is rotatably connected to the fixed platform. The end of the connecting rod near the fixed platform is hinged to the synchronous rod with a support rod.

5. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate has multiple U-shaped positioning grooves at equal intervals, and multiple triangular plates are fixedly connected between the positioning plate and the inner wall of the rotating cylinder.

6. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guide plate is provided between two adjacent U-shaped positioning slots. The guide plate has a triangular prism structure and is connected and fixed to the positioning plate.

7. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge mechanism also includes a dredging component located inside the fixed platform. The dredging component includes a connecting shaft that is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed platform. Multiple top rods are linearly and equally spaced and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting shaft. Both ends of the connecting shaft are fixedly connected to a driving rod. The driving rod and the connecting rod are hinged together by a second support rod.

8. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top material assembly is equipped with a power storage unit, which includes a sliding sleeve that is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting rod. A positioning rod is fixed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve. A positioning groove adapted to the positioning rod is opened on the rotating drum. A limiting block is provided on the side of the sliding sleeve facing the counterweight rod. The limiting block has a trapezoidal structure and is connected and fixed to the counterweight rod.

9. The energy-saving ball mill for processing zinc-containing materials based on zinc sulfate heptahydrate production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive unit is equipped with an energy-saving heat dissipation module, which includes a protective cover and fan blades. The protective cover is fitted over the outside of the motor of the drive unit, and the fan blades are mounted on the output shaft of the motor.

Images