Device for drying sludge by utilizing waste heat of waste incineration and use method of device

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for drying sludge by utilizing waste incineration waste heat and a using method thereof, and relates to the field of sludge dewatering treatment. The device for drying the sludge by utilizing the waste heat of waste incineration comprises a waste incinerator, a drying machine and an air supply mechanism. According to the device for drying the sludge through the waste incineration waste heat and the using method of the device, waste incineration flue gas is introduced into the drying machine to conduct heat exchange with the sludge, the sludge adsorbs and fixes sulfur-containing substances and suspended particles in the flue gas, the flue gas enters the incineration bin again to be subjected to secondary incineration after water vapor is separated, dioxin in the flue gas is removed through high temperature, and therefore the purpose of drying the sludge is achieved. Meanwhile, the moisture content and the temperature of multiple sections of sludge in the drying machine are measured, the granularity and the temperature of the discharged sludge are measured, and the rotating speed of the drying machine, the inclination angle of a turning plate, the temperature of introduced airflow, the air speed and the temperature of each section are adjusted according to different conditions, so that intelligent control and adjustment are achieved; the sludge drying effect and efficiency are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sludge dewatering treatment, and particularly to a device for drying sludge by using waste incineration waste heat and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the process of sludge treatment, realizing the reduction treatment by dehydrating the sludge is the most crucial and basic treatment item. Traditional sludge dewatering methods include centrifugation, pressure filtration and drying. The former two belong to mechanical treatment methods, and the dewatering process is usually discontinuous, having the problem of low efficiency. In the drying treatment process, a drum dryer is usually used for continuous drying treatment, but it requires a large amount of heat energy and has the highest cost.

[0003] However, in the published patent with the publication number CN1654378A, a method for drying sludge by using boiler flue gas waste heat is disclosed. In this method, after the boiler flue gas passes through electrostatic precipitation, it is introduced into the sludge dryer, so that the high-temperature flue gas dries and dehydrates the sludge, which has practical application significance; However, several problem points are found in the research; 1. During the sludge drying process, affected by temperature, wind speed, stirring speed and feeding speed, there are obvious differences in the drying and dewatering effects. In the existing solutions, the flue gas is usually directly introduced, and the stirring speed and feeding speed are not clearly controlled, resulting in the inability to make adaptive adjustments for different types of sludge; 2. The combustion flue gas contains particulate matter, sulfides and dioxins as the main pollutants. Sulfides and particulate matter can be fixed by the sludge after contacting with the sludge, but dioxins are carcinogenic and need to be removed by high-temperature secondary combustion; Therefore, a device for drying sludge by using waste incineration waste heat and a using method thereof are provided specifically to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device for drying sludge by using waste incineration waste heat and a using method thereof, which solves the problem that in the existing sludge drying and dewatering process, the flue gas is usually directly introduced, and the stirring speed and feeding speed are not clearly controlled, resulting in the inability to make adaptive adjustments for different types of sludge.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A device for drying sludge by using waste incineration waste heat includes a waste incinerator and a dryer installed on its top, and also includes a controller. A air supply mechanism is installed between the waste incinerator and the dryer; The air supply mechanism includes a main air inlet pipe and an axial flow fan installed between the front ends of the waste incinerator and the dryer. Hot air and cold air are respectively introduced through the main air inlet pipe and the axial flow fan to adjust the wind speed and wind temperature. A water vapor condensation separator is installed between the end of the waste incinerator and the dryer. The water vapor condensation separator is used to separate water vapor from the air discharged from the dryer and then re-introduce the tail gas into the waste incinerator for incineration to remove dioxins. An adjustable material turning assembly is arranged inside the dryer. The adjustable material turning assembly changes the discharging speed by adjusting the angle. A temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are installed on the adjustable material turning assembly to monitor the water content and temperature of the sludge inside the dryer. The controller adjusts the rotation speed of the dryer, the air intake speed and temperature, and the discharging speed according to the monitoring data.

[0006] Preferably, the waste incinerator includes an incineration chamber, a sealed chamber door and an exhaust pipe respectively installed at both ends of the incineration chamber. An air intake fan is fixedly installed on the sealed chamber door to introduce air into the incineration chamber for combustion support.

[0007] Preferably, the dryer includes a heat preservation sleeve arranged on the top of the incineration chamber. A drying cylinder is rotatably arranged inside the heat preservation sleeve. Feed covers and discharge covers are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the heat preservation sleeve. A feed pipe is fixedly installed on the feed cover. A dried mud discharge pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge cover.

[0008] Preferably, both ends of the main air inlet pipe are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe and the feed cover. A cold air conduit is installed between the axial flow fan and the main air inlet pipe. An electromagnetic flow valve is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main air inlet pipe near one end of the exhaust pipe. An auxiliary heat inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main air inlet pipe near one end of the feed cover. The auxiliary heat inlet pipe is communicated with the inside of the heat preservation sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, a variable frequency motor is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the heat preservation sleeve. A driving gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the variable frequency motor. A passive gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the end of the drying cylinder. The driving gear meshes with the passive gear ring. A plurality of support bearings are installed between the drying cylinder and the heat preservation sleeve. A plurality of auxiliary heat chambers are formed between every two of the plurality of support bearings. Connecting pipes are respectively installed between the auxiliary heat inlet pipe and the plurality of auxiliary heat chambers, and an electromagnetic control valve is installed on each group of connecting pipes.

[0010] Preferably, an exhaust pipe is installed between the discharge cover plate and the water-vapor condensation separator. The other side of the auxiliary heating chamber is connected with an air flow return pipe. The end of the air flow return pipe is connected with the exhaust pipe, and a check valve is installed on the air flow return pipe. A connecting pipe is installed between the water-vapor condensation separator and the incineration chamber, and a condensate drain pipe is installed on the outer wall of the water-vapor condensation separator.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the heat-insulating sleeve is fixedly welded with a base, and the base is installed on the top of the incineration chamber; The end of the heat-insulating sleeve is fixedly provided with a support seat. The feed end of the drying cylinder is fixedly provided with a sealing ring. The sealing ring is rotatably arranged in the support seat, and the feed cover plate is fixedly arranged on the support seat.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustable material-turning assembly includes a central shaft and a fixed shaft fixedly welded to the outer wall of the central shaft. The fixed shaft is fixedly welded to the inner wall of the drying cylinder. A plurality of support parts are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drying cylinder. A turning plate is rotatably arranged on the support part, and a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly installed on the turning plate.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the fixed shaft is rotatably arranged in the discharge cover plate. A hydraulic rotary cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the fixed shaft. A rotating shaft is integrally formed in the middle of the turning plate. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of the hydraulic rotary cylinder. A plurality of the hydraulic rotary cylinders are connected to an external driving hydraulic cylinder through oil pipes penetrating through the fixed shaft and the discharge cover plate.

[0014] Preferably, a method for using a device for drying sludge by utilizing waste incineration waste heat includes the following steps; Step 1: Introduce sludge into the dryer through the feed pipe. At the same time, the incineration chamber starts to burn, and the flue gas is introduced into the dryer; Step 2: Start the dryer to stir the sludge. The sludge effectively contacts the hot air flow to realize the vaporization and separation of moisture; Step 3: Measure the water content and temperature of the sludge in multiple sections inside the dryer, and measure the particle size and temperature of the sludge after discharging; Step 4: Adjust the rotation speed of the dryer, the inclination angle of the turning plate, the temperature of the introduced air flow, the wind speed, and the temperature of each section respectively according to the water content and temperature of each section of the sludge and the particle size and temperature data of the final sludge; Step 5: Discharge the qualified sludge. The gas carrying water vapor enters the water-vapor condensation separator for steam separation, and the separated gas enters the incineration chamber for secondary incineration; In Steps 3 and 4, the water contents of multiple sections of sludge inside the drying machine, namely S1, S2, S3…Sn, the temperatures of multiple sections of sludge, namely T1, T2, T3…Tn, and the water content Sm and particle size D of the sludge after feeding are measured. Then, first, it is judged whether Sm is within the threshold value. If so, then it is judged whether D is within the threshold value. If so, no action is taken. If D exceeds the threshold value, it indicates that the overall particle size is large. At this time, the temperature Tn of the last section is judged. If Tn is within the threshold value at this time, it indicates that the rotation speed is too high, resulting in over-turning and caking of the sludge during the turning process of the flap, and at the same time, the front-end temperature is too high, resulting in surface hardening and caking of the sludge in the early stage; at this time, the rotation speed needs to be reduced, the proportion of hot air intake at the front end is reduced, and the auxiliary heating is enhanced to ensure the heat in the middle and rear sections. If Tn is not within the threshold value, it indicates that the overall temperature is too high, resulting in surface over-drying and caking of the sludge. At this time, the overall temperature is too high, and the proportion of hot air is reduced, and the wind speed is reduced at the same time; If Sm is not within the threshold value, at this time, the water content of each stage of S1, S2, S3…Sn is judged whether it is within its respective threshold value. If so, it indicates that the overall water content meets the requirements, but the final water content does not meet the standard, and it is judged that the feeding at the end is too fast. At this time, the rotation speed is reduced, and the flap angle is adjusted at the same time to slow down the feeding; if the water content of each stage is not within the threshold value, it indicates that there is a deviation in the overall dehydration effect. At this time, it is further judged whether multiple points of T1, T2, T3…Tn are within their respective threshold values. If the multiple-point temperature is within the threshold value, it indicates that the reason for the deviation in the overall dehydration effect is not the temperature reason. At this time, it is judged that the turning is too slow, resulting in too slow discharge of sludge water vapor. At this time, the rotation speed is increased, and the flap angle is adjusted at the same time, so that while the number of times of lifting and turning the sludge is increased, the discharge speed is not increased; if the multiple-point temperature of T1, T2, T3…Tn is not within the threshold value, it indicates that the overall heating effect is poor. At this time, the overall wind speed and temperature are increased, and each section is assisted with heating, and the rotation speed is increased at the same time, and the flap angle is adjusted, and the dehydration effect is improved through comprehensive adjustment.

[0015] The present invention discloses a device for drying sludge by using waste incineration waste heat and its use method, and the beneficial effects thereof are as follows: 1. For the device for drying sludge by using waste incineration waste heat, by introducing waste incineration flue gas into the drying machine, the sludge in the drying machine exchanges heat with the flue gas during the turning process, so that the sludge is dehydrated. At the same time, the sludge can adsorb and fix the sulfur-containing substances and suspended particles in the flue gas. Finally, the dried sludge is discharged, and after the flue gas and water vapor are discharged, the water vapor is separated by a water vapor condensation separator, and the flue gas re-enters the incineration chamber for secondary incineration, so as to remove dioxins in the flue gas through high temperature. In this way, while using the heat of waste incineration for sludge dehydration, the pollutants generated by waste incineration can be effectively adsorbed, achieving the effects of flue gas treatment and heat utilization.

[0016] 2. The device for drying sludge by utilizing waste incineration waste heat transforms the existing dryer, sets an adjustable material turning component inside the drying cylinder, sets multiple auxiliary heating chambers between the drying cylinder and the heat preservation sleeve, and uses a air supply mechanism to supply heat to the auxiliary heating chambers. Therefore, during the sludge drying process, on the one hand, the sludge can be heated in multiple stages through the auxiliary heating chambers, and at the same time, the discharging speed can be changed by adjusting the angle of the turning plate, so as to avoid the influence of too low temperature at the last stage and too fast discharging speed on the drying effect.

[0017] 3. The usage method of the device for drying sludge by utilizing waste incineration waste heat measures the water content and temperature of the sludge in multiple sections inside the dryer, and measures the particle size and temperature of the sludge after feeding. Then, based on the comprehensive analysis of the temperature and humidity data performance inside the drying cylinder during the actual drying process and the final feeding situation, the rotation speed of the dryer, the inclination angle of the turning plate, the temperature of the introduced air flow, the wind speed, and the temperature of each section are adjusted respectively according to different situations, so as to achieve intelligent control and adjustment, and ensure the drying effect and efficiency of the sludge. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall outer surface structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall back structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the dryer of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the drying cylinder of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable material turning component of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a flow chart of the usage method of the device of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a logical diagram for judging the execution of the method of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. Waste incinerator; 11. Incineration chamber; 12. Sealed chamber door; 13. Intake air blower; 14. Exhaust pipe; 2. Dryer; 21. Heat preservation jacket; 22. Feed pipe; 23. Discharge cover plate; 24. Drying cylinder; 25. Adjustable material turning assembly; 251. Central shaft; 252. Fixed shaft; 253. Support part; 254. Flap; 255. Temperature sensor; 256. Humidity sensor; 257. Rotating shaft; 258. Hydraulic rotary cylinder; 26. Support base; 27. Feed cover plate; 28. Support bearing; 29. Variable frequency motor; 210. Driving gear; 211. Passive gear ring; 212. Dry mud discharge pipe; 213. Base; 214. Sealing ring; 3. Air supply mechanism; 31. Main air inlet pipe; 32. Axial flow fan; 33. Cold air duct; 34. Exhaust pipe; 35. Water vapor condensation separator; 36. Connecting pipe; 37. Condensate discharge pipe; 38. Auxiliary heat inlet pipe; 39. Air flow return pipe; 310. Connecting pipe; 311. Electromagnetic flow valve; 312. Electromagnetic control valve; 313. Check valve; 4. Control machine. Specific embodiments

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] By providing an apparatus for drying sludge using waste incineration waste heat and a method for using the same in an embodiment of the present application, the problem in the existing sludge drying and dehydration process, where flue gas is usually directly introduced and the turning speed and feeding speed are not clearly controlled, resulting in the inability to make adaptive adjustments for different types of sludge, is solved.

[0023] To better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1 This embodiment discloses an apparatus for drying sludge using waste incineration waste heat. As shown in the attached Figure 1-8 figure, it includes a waste incinerator 1 and a dryer 2 installed on top of it, and also includes a control machine 4. An air supply mechanism 3 is installed between the waste incinerator 1 and the dryer 2; The air supply mechanism 3 includes a main air inlet pipe 31 and an axial flow fan 32 installed between the front ends of the waste incinerator 1 and the dryer 2. Hot air and cold air are respectively introduced through the main air inlet pipe 31 and the axial flow fan 32 to adjust the wind speed and wind temperature; A water vapor condensation separator 35 is installed between the waste incinerator 1 and the end of the drying machine 2. The water vapor condensation separator 35 is used to separate the water vapor from the air discharged by the drying machine 2 and then introduce the tail gas into the waste incinerator 1 again for incineration to remove dioxins. An adjustable material turning assembly 25 is arranged inside the drying machine 2. The adjustable material turning assembly 25 changes the discharging speed by adjusting the angle. A temperature sensor 255 and a humidity sensor 256 are installed on the adjustable material turning assembly 25, which are used to monitor the water content and temperature of the sludge inside the drying machine 2. The controller 4 adjusts the rotation speed, air intake speed, temperature and discharging speed of the drying machine 2 according to the monitored data.

[0025] The waste incinerator 1 includes an incineration chamber 11, a sealed chamber door 12 and an exhaust pipe 14 respectively installed at both ends of the incineration chamber 11. An intake air fan 13 is fixedly installed on the sealed chamber door 12, which is used to introduce air into the incineration chamber 11 for combustion support.

[0026] The drying machine 2 includes a heat preservation sleeve 21 arranged on the top of the incineration chamber 11. A drying cylinder 24 is rotatably arranged inside the heat preservation sleeve 21. Feed covers 27 and discharge covers 23 are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the heat preservation sleeve 21. A feed pipe 22 is fixedly installed on the feed cover 27, and a dried mud discharge pipe 212 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge cover 23.

[0027] Both ends of the main air inlet pipe 31 are respectively connected with the exhaust pipe 14 and the feed cover 27. A cold air duct 33 is installed between the axial flow fan 32 and the main air inlet pipe 31. An electromagnetic flow valve 311 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main air inlet pipe 31 near one end of the exhaust pipe 14, and an auxiliary heat inlet pipe 38 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main air inlet pipe 31 near one end of the feed cover 27. The auxiliary heat inlet pipe 38 is communicated with the inside of the heat preservation sleeve 21.

[0028] A variable frequency motor 29 is fixedly installed at the top of one end of the heat preservation sleeve 21. A driving gear 210 is fixedly installed at the output end of the variable frequency motor 29. A passive gear ring 211 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the end of the drying cylinder 24. The driving gear 210 meshes with the passive gear ring 211. A plurality of support bearings 28 are installed between the drying cylinder 24 and the heat preservation sleeve 21. Auxiliary heat chambers are formed between every two of the plurality of support bearings 28. Communication pipes 310 are respectively installed between the auxiliary heat inlet pipe 38 and the plurality of auxiliary heat chambers, and an electromagnetic control valve 312 is installed on each group of communication pipes 310.

[0029] An exhaust pipe 34 is installed between the discharge cover plate 23 and the water vapor condensation separator 35. The other side of the auxiliary heating chamber is connected with an air flow return pipe 39. The end of the air flow return pipe 39 is connected with the exhaust pipe 34, and a check valve 313 is installed on the air flow return pipe 39. A connecting pipe 36 is installed between the water vapor condensation separator 35 and the incineration chamber 11, and a condensate drain pipe 37 is installed on the outer wall of the water vapor condensation separator 35.

[0030] The bottom of the heat insulation sleeve 21 is fixedly welded with a base 213, and the base 213 is installed on the top of the incineration chamber 11; The end of the heat insulation sleeve 21 is fixedly provided with a support seat 26. The feed end of the drying cylinder 24 is fixedly provided with a sealing ring 214. The sealing ring 214 is rotatably arranged in the support seat 26, and the feed cover plate 27 is fixedly arranged on the support seat 26.

[0031] The adjustable material turning assembly 25 includes a central shaft 251 and a fixed shaft 252 fixedly welded to the outer wall of the central shaft 251. The fixed shaft 252 is fixedly welded to the inner wall of the drying cylinder 24. A plurality of support parts 253 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drying cylinder 24. A turning plate 254 is rotatably arranged on the support parts 253, and a temperature sensor 255 and a humidity sensor 256 are fixedly installed on the turning plate 254.

[0032] One end of the fixed shaft 252 is rotatably arranged in the discharge cover plate 23. A hydraulic rotary cylinder 258 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the fixed shaft 252. A rotating shaft 257 is integrally formed in the middle of the turning plate 254. The rotating shaft 257 is fixedly connected with the output end of the hydraulic rotary cylinder 258. A plurality of hydraulic rotary cylinders 258 are connected to an external driving hydraulic cylinder through oil pipes penetrating through the fixed shaft 252 and the discharge cover plate 23.

[0033] Working principle: First, the garbage is put into the incineration chamber 11 for incineration, and by starting the intake air blower 13, the air accelerates the garbage incineration, and the hot air after incineration enters the drying cylinder 24 through the exhaust pipe 14. In this process, external air is introduced into the main air inlet pipe 31 through the axial flow fan 32, so as to achieve the effect of reasonably adjusting the intake air temperature. Then, the sludge is introduced into the drying cylinder 24 from the feed pipe 22, and the frequency conversion motor 29 is started, so that the driving gear 210 drives the passive gear ring 211 to rotate, and the drying cylinder 24 rotates inside the heat insulation sleeve 21. At this time, when the sludge rotates and is blocked by the turning plate 254, when the sludge rotates to the moving height, the sludge falls towards the middle along the turning plate 254, so as to realize the turning of the sludge, make the sludge contact with the hot air flow, heat and dehydrate the sludge, vaporize the moisture. At the same time, under the action of the turning plate 254, the sludge gradually moves towards the discharge cover plate 23 end during the continuous turning process and is finally discharged through the dry mud discharge pipe 212; Moreover, water vapor follows the hot air flow and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 34 at the end into the water vapor condensation separator 35. After the water vapor is separated to form condensed water, the gas re-enters the incineration chamber 11 for incineration, so that dioxins are removed at high temperature for the second time; Meanwhile, during the above process, when the temperature sensor 255 detects that the temperature of a certain section of the drying cylinder 24 is lower than the threshold value, by starting the solenoid control valve 312 on one side of this section, the high-temperature flue gas enters the corresponding auxiliary heating chamber of this section through the auxiliary heat inlet pipe 38, and the drying cylinder 24 is assisted in heating from the outside. After the flue gas completes the heat exchange, it enters the exhaust pipe 34 through the air flow return pipe 39 and enters the water vapor condensation separator 35 synchronously with the flue gas discharged from the inside of the drying cylinder 24, thereby realizing multi-section adaptive auxiliary heating; During the rotation of the drying cylinder 24, by adjusting the power of the frequency conversion motor 29, the rotation speed is changed, so that the stirring speed of the sludge inside the drying cylinder 24 is increased; the driving hydraulic cylinder arranged outside is connected to a plurality of hydraulic rotary cylinders 258 through an oil pipe penetrating through the fixed shaft 252 and the discharge cover plate 23. In actual use, the hydraulic rotary cylinder 258 drives the flap 254 to rotate, so that the inclination angle of the flap 254 changes. When the rotation speed of the drying cylinder 24 is constant, the hydraulic rotary cylinder 258 rotates counterclockwise, so that one end of the flap 254 close to the dry sludge discharge pipe 212 tilts downward, thereby accelerating the sludge discharge speed, and vice versa, slowing down the sludge discharge speed.

[0034] Embodiment Two This embodiment discloses a method for using a device for drying sludge by utilizing waste incineration waste heat. As shown in the appendix Figure 1-8 It includes the following steps; Step 1: Introduce sludge into the dryer 2 through the feed pipe 22. At the same time, the incineration chamber 11 starts to burn, and the flue gas is introduced into the dryer 2; Step 2: Start the dryer 2 to stir the sludge, and the sludge comes into effective contact with the hot air flow to realize the vaporization and separation of moisture; Step 3: Measure the moisture content and temperature of the sludge in multiple sections inside the dryer 2, and measure the particle size and temperature of the sludge after feeding; Step 4: Adjust the rotation speed of the dryer 2, the inclination angle of the flap 254, the temperature of the introduced air flow, the wind speed, and the temperature of each section respectively according to the moisture content and temperature of the sludge in each section and the particle size and temperature data of the final sludge; Step 5: Discharge the qualified sludge. The gas carries water vapor into the water vapor condensation separator 35 for steam separation, and the separated gas enters the incineration chamber 11 for secondary incineration; During the drying process, by increasing the wind speed, the drying speed increases, and at the same time the water vapor discharge efficiency increases, which can effectively prevent the secondary adsorption of water vapor with the sludge at the end, resulting in the unqualified water content of the final composted sludge. However, too fast a wind speed will cause the surface of the sludge at the front end to dry quickly, which is not conducive to the discharge of water vapor inside the sludge, and the overall energy consumption increases; by increasing the temperature, the water in the sludge can be quickly evaporated to form water vapor. However, due to the relatively long drying cylinder 24, too high a temperature at the front end will cause the sludge to quickly harden on the surface at the front end, so that the water vapor inside the sludge cannot be discharged after the sludge agglomerates. During the sludge mixing process, appropriately increasing the rotation speed increases the mixing frequency, making the sludge contact the hot air flow more frequently, thus accelerating dehydration. However, if the rotation speed is too fast, centrifugal force will be generated, causing the sludge to adhere to the inner wall, resulting in difficult discharge of the adhered sludge. During the mixing process, appropriately increasing the inclination angle of the turning plate 254 can accelerate the discharge of the sludge and improve the efficiency. However, too fast discharge will cause the dehydration rate of the sludge to not meet the requirements. In view of the above situation, the various conditions affecting sludge dehydration are comprehensively adjusted in this solution; By measuring the water content S1, S2, S3…Sn of multiple sections of sludge inside the dryer 2; the temperatures T1, T2, T3…Tn of multiple sections of sludge; as well as the water content Sm and particle size D of the sludge after discharging; then first judge whether Sm is within the threshold. If so, then judge whether D is within the threshold. If so, it means that the overall dehydration rate meets the requirements, and at the same time the temperature and rotation speed during the dehydration process meet the standards, and no agglomeration of the sludge occurs, then no action is taken; If D exceeds the threshold, it means that the overall particle size is relatively large; at this time, judge the temperature Tn at the end section. At this time, if Tn is within the threshold, it means that the temperature at the end is appropriate, but the sludge still agglomerates. At this time, it is considered that the rotation speed of the drying cylinder 24 is too large, resulting in excessive mixing of the sludge during the mixing process, leading to agglomeration, and at the same time the temperature at the front end is too high, resulting in surface hardening and agglomeration of the sludge in the early stage; at this time, it is necessary to reduce the rotation speed of the drying cylinder 24, and at the same time, by adjusting the electromagnetic flow valve 311 and the axial flow fan 32, reduce the proportion of hot air entering at the front end, and at the same time, by opening the multi-section electromagnetic control valve 312, make the auxiliary heat flow enter the multi-section auxiliary heat chamber through the auxiliary heat inlet pipe 38 to enhance the auxiliary heating and ensure the heat in the middle and rear sections; If Tn is not within the threshold, it means that the temperature of the end discharge is too high. At this time, the overall temperature is too high, resulting in surface over-drying and agglomeration of the sludge. By reducing the proportion of hot air and at the same time reducing the wind speed, the sludge can be prevented from agglomerating due to too high a temperature; The above are the adjustments made to the entire device when the overall sludge dehydration rate meets the requirements to avoid the agglomeration of the sludge.

[0035] If Sm is not within the threshold, the moisture content of each stage S1, S2, S3...Sn is judged to see if it is within the respective thresholds. If so, it means that the overall moisture content meets the requirements, but the final moisture content does not meet the standards. It is judged that the end of the material is discharged too quickly. In this case, the speed of the drying drum 24 is reduced and the angle of the flap 254 is adjusted to slow down the material discharge, so that the sludge can have more drying time at each stage. If the moisture content at each stage is not within the threshold, it indicates that there is a deviation in the overall dehydration effect. At this time, multiple points T1, T2, T3...Tn are judged to be within their respective thresholds. If the temperature at multiple points is within the threshold, it indicates that the reason for the deviation in the overall dehydration effect is not temperature. In this case, it is judged that the stirring is too slow, resulting in slow discharge of sludge water vapor. At this time, by increasing the rotation speed and adjusting the angle of the flap 254, the sludge can be stirred more frequently without increasing the discharge speed. If the temperatures at multiple points, such as T1, T2, T3...Tn, are not within the threshold, it indicates that the overall heating effect is poor. In this case, the overall wind speed and temperature are increased, auxiliary heating is performed on each section, the rotation speed is increased, and the angle of the flap 254 is adjusted. Through comprehensive adjustments, the dehydration effect can be improved.

[0036] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An apparatus for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration, comprising a garbage incinerator (1) and a dryer (2) installed on top of it, and further comprising a control machine (4), characterized in that, A air supply mechanism (3) is installed between the waste incinerator (1) and the dryer (2); The air supply mechanism (3) includes a main air inlet pipe (31) and an axial flow fan (32) installed between the front ends of the waste incinerator (1) and the dryer (2). Hot air and cold air are respectively introduced through the main air inlet pipe (31) and the axial flow fan (32) to adjust the wind speed and wind temperature; A water vapor condensation separator (35) is installed between the ends of the waste incinerator (1) and the dryer (2). The water vapor condensation separator (35) is used to separate water vapor from the air discharged from the dryer (2), and then the tail gas is introduced into the waste incinerator (1) again for incineration to remove dioxin; An adjustable material turning assembly (25) is arranged inside the dryer (2). The adjustable material turning assembly (25) changes the discharging speed by adjusting the angle; A temperature sensor (255) and a humidity sensor (256) are installed on the adjustable material turning assembly (25) to monitor the water content and temperature of the sludge inside the dryer (2). The controller (4) adjusts the rotation speed, air intake speed, temperature and discharging speed of the dryer (2) according to the monitored data.

2. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 1, wherein: The waste incinerator (1) includes an incineration chamber (11), and a sealed chamber door (12) and an exhaust pipe (14) respectively installed at both ends of the incineration chamber (11). An intake air fan (13) is fixedly installed on the sealed chamber door (12) to introduce air into the incineration chamber (11) for combustion assistance.

3. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dryer (2) includes a heat preservation sleeve (21) arranged on the top of the incineration chamber (11). A drying cylinder (24) is rotatably arranged inside the heat preservation sleeve (21). Feed covers (27) and discharge covers (23) are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the heat preservation sleeve (21). A feed pipe (22) is fixedly installed on the feed cover (27), and a dried mud discharge pipe (212) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the discharge cover (23).

4. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 3, wherein: Both ends of the main air inlet pipe (31) are respectively connected to the exhaust pipe (14) and the feed cover (27). A cold air duct (33) is installed between the axial flow fan (32) and the main air inlet pipe (31). An electromagnetic flow valve (311) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main air inlet pipe (31) near one end of the exhaust pipe (14). An auxiliary heat inlet pipe (38) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the main air inlet pipe (31) near one end of the feed cover (27). The auxiliary heat inlet pipe (38) is communicated with the inside of the heat preservation sleeve (21).

5. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 4, characterized in that: At the top of one end of the heat preservation sleeve (21), a variable-frequency motor (29) is fixedly installed. At the output end of the variable-frequency motor (29), a driving gear (210) is fixedly installed. A passive gear ring (211) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the end of the drying cylinder (24). The driving gear (210) meshes with the passive gear ring (211). A plurality of support bearings (28) are installed between the drying cylinder (24) and the heat preservation sleeve (21). Between every two of the plurality of support bearings (28), an auxiliary heat chamber is formed. Communication pipes (310) are respectively installed between the auxiliary heat inlet pipe (38) and the plurality of auxiliary heat chambers, and an electromagnetic control valve (312) is installed on each group of communication pipes (310).

6. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 5, wherein: An exhaust pipe (34) is installed between the discharge cover plate (23) and the water vapor condensation separator (35). On the other side of the auxiliary heat chamber, an air flow return pipe (39) is connected. The end of the air flow return pipe (39) is connected to the exhaust pipe (34), and a check valve (313) is installed on the air flow return pipe (39). A connecting pipe (36) is installed between the water vapor condensation separator (35) and the incineration chamber (11). A condensate drain pipe (37) is installed on the outer wall of the water vapor condensation separator (35).

7. An apparatus for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 3, characterized in that: At the bottom of the heat preservation sleeve (21), a base (213) is fixedly welded, and the base (213) is installed on the top of the incineration chamber (11); At the end of the heat preservation sleeve (21), a support seat (26) is fixedly arranged. At the feeding end of the drying cylinder (24), a sealing ring (214) is fixedly arranged. The sealing ring (214) is rotatably arranged in the support seat (26), and the feeding cover plate (27) is fixedly arranged on the support seat (26).

8. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustable material turning assembly (25) includes a central shaft (251) and a fixed shaft (252) fixedly welded on the outer wall of the central shaft (251). The fixed shaft (252) is fixedly welded on the inner wall of the drying cylinder (24). A plurality of support parts (253) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the drying cylinder (24). A turning plate (254) is rotatably arranged on the support parts (253). A temperature sensor (255) and a humidity sensor (256) are fixedly installed on the turning plate (254).

9. The device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the fixed shaft (252) is rotatably arranged in the discharge cover plate (23). A hydraulic rotary cylinder (258) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the fixed shaft (252). A rotating shaft (257) is integrally formed in the middle of the turning plate (254). The rotating shaft (257) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic rotary cylinder (258). The plurality of hydraulic rotary cylinders (258) are connected to an external driving hydraulic cylinder through oil pipes penetrating through the fixed shaft (252) and the discharge cover plate (23).

10. The usage method of a device for drying sludge by using waste heat from garbage incineration according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Comprising the following steps; Step 1: Import sludge into the dryer (2) through the feed pipe (22). At the same time, the incineration chamber (11) starts to burn, and the flue gas is introduced into the dryer (2); Step 2: Start the dryer (2) to stir the sludge. The sludge comes into effective contact with the hot air flow, and the water is vaporized and separated; Step 3: Measure the water content and temperature of the sludge in multiple sections inside the dryer (2), and measure the particle size and temperature of the sludge after feeding; Step 4: Adjust the rotation speed of the dryer (2), the inclination angle of the turning plate (254), the temperature of the introduced air flow, the wind speed, and the temperature of each section respectively according to the water content and temperature of the sludge in each section and the particle size and temperature data of the final sludge; Step 5: Discharge the qualified sludge, and the gas carrying water vapor enters the water vapor condensation separator (35) for steam separation. The separated gas enters the incineration chamber (11) for secondary incineration; In Steps 3 and 4, by measuring the water content S1, S2, S3…Sn of the sludge in multiple sections inside the dryer; and the temperature T1, T2, T3…Tn of the sludge in multiple sections; and the water content Sm and particle size D of the sludge after feeding; then first judge whether Sm is within the threshold value. If so, then judge whether D is within the threshold value. If so, no action is taken; if D exceeds the threshold value; judge the temperature Tn of the last section. At this time, if Tn is within the threshold value, reduce the rotation speed, at the same time reduce the proportion of hot air intake at the front end, and enhance the auxiliary heating; if Tn is not within the threshold value, reduce the proportion of hot air and reduce the wind speed at the same time; If Sm is not within the threshold value, at this time judge the water content of each stage of S1, S2, S3…Sn to see if it is within its respective threshold value. If so, reduce the rotation speed, and at the same time adjust the turning plate angle to slow down the feeding; If the water content of each stage is not within the threshold value, then judge whether the multi-point temperatures T1, T2, T3…Tn are within their respective threshold values. If the multi-point temperatures are within the threshold value, increase the rotation speed and adjust the turning plate angle at the same time; if the multi-point temperatures of T1, T2, T3…Tn are not within the threshold value, increase the overall wind speed and temperature, and at the same time perform auxiliary heating on each section, and increase the rotation speed and adjust the turning plate angle at the same time.

Images