Air-pressure seepage-stopping water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pit

Abstract

The invention discloses an air pressure seepage prevention water-saving device for layered excavation of a deep foundation pit, and relates to the technical field of seepage prevention of layered excavation of the deep foundation pit, the air pressure seepage prevention water-saving device comprises a seepage prevention plate, and one side of the seepage prevention plate is provided with an air pressure seepage prevention assembly used for preventing seepage of a foundation pit body; four groups of water stopping assemblies are arranged on one side of the seepage stopping plate, and the four groups of water stopping assemblies are respectively arranged on the four sides of the air pressure seepage stopping assembly; positioning holes are formed in the four corners of the seepage prevention plate, and the seepage prevention plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the foundation pit body through cooperation of the positioning holes and screws. In the invention, an all-dimensional, uniform and stable air pressure barrier can be formed between the whole seepage prevention plate and the foundation pit body, underground water is effectively prevented from seeping into the foundation pit, the problems of foundation pit slope instability, foundation bearing capacity reduction and the like caused by underground water seepage are avoided, the safety of constructors and the normal operation of construction equipment are guaranteed, and the construction efficiency is improved. And the stability of the building foundation is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seepage prevention for layered excavation of deep foundation pits. Specifically, it relates to a pneumatic seepage prevention and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits. Background Technique

[0002] During the construction process of layered excavation of deep foundation pits, the problem of groundwater leakage has always been a difficult problem plaguing the engineering field, and it has many adverse effects on construction safety, engineering quality, and the surrounding environment.

[0003] From the perspective of construction safety, groundwater leakage may lead to the instability of the foundation pit slope. A large amount of groundwater seeping into the foundation pit will increase the water content of the soil on the pit wall and reduce the shear strength, easily triggering accidents such as landslides and collapses, seriously threatening the lives of construction workers and the safety of construction equipment. For example, when excavating deep foundation pits in some soft soil strata, due to groundwater leakage causing the softening of the soil on the pit wall, local collapses of the foundation pit occurred, not only delaying the construction period but also causing huge economic losses. If groundwater continuously penetrates to the bottom of the foundation pit, it may have a scouring effect on the bearing layer of the foundation, reducing the bearing capacity of the foundation and resulting in uneven settlement of the building foundation, affecting the overall structural safety of the building.

[0004] Currently, traditional groundwater treatment methods often have deficiencies: The common open drainage method will cause a significant drop in the groundwater level, leading to ground settlement around, damaging surrounding buildings, underground pipelines, etc. In addition, traditional cut-off curtains, such as cement mixing piles and high-pressure jet grouting piles, although they can prevent groundwater leakage to a certain extent, have problems of high construction cost and long construction period. Moreover, these methods also have a greater impact on the surrounding environment, and the noise, slurry, etc. generated during construction will cause environmental pollution.

[0005] In summary, the existing seepage prevention technologies for layered excavation of deep foundation pits have many defects and cannot meet the requirements of safe construction, environmental protection, and reasonable utilization of water resources. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pneumatic seepage prevention and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems in the related technologies, the present invention proposes a pneumatic seepage prevention and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0008] A pneumatic seepage prevention and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits includes a seepage prevention plate, and a pneumatic seepage prevention component for preventing leakage of the foundation pit body is arranged on one side of the seepage prevention plate;

[0009] A water stop component is arranged on one side of the impermeable plate. The number of the water stop components is four groups, and the four groups of water stop components are respectively arranged on the four sides of the air pressure impermeable component;

[0010] Positioning holes are formed at the four corners of the impermeable plate, and the impermeable plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the foundation pit body by being matched with a screw through the positioning holes.

[0011] Further, the air pressure impermeable component includes an air pressure plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the impermeable plate. A positive pressure cavity is formed between the inside of the air pressure plate and one side of the impermeable plate. A butt joint pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the air pressure plate. The butt joint pipe is communicated with the positive pressure cavity. The butt joint pipe is located at the center position of the impermeable plate. A first air pressure hole and a second air pressure hole are respectively formed on one side of the air pressure plate. The first air pressure hole and the second air pressure hole are both communicated with the positive pressure cavity.

[0012] Further, a first air pressure area and a second air pressure area are respectively arranged on one side of the air pressure plate. The first air pressure holes are distributed inside the first air pressure area. The second air pressure holes are distributed inside the second air pressure area. The cross section of the first air pressure area is circular. The number of the second air pressure areas is four, and the four second air pressure areas are circularly distributed at equal distances on the air pressure plate.

[0013] Further, the first air pressure holes are circularly diffusely distributed on the first air pressure area, and the inner diameters of the first air pressure holes diffusing from the center of the first air pressure area to the periphery gradually increase.

[0014] Further, the inner diameter of the second air pressure hole is larger than the inner diameter of the first air pressure hole in the first air pressure area.

[0015] Further, the first air pressure hole and the second air pressure hole both include a first air guide groove and a second air guide groove. The first air guide groove is communicated with the second air guide groove. The first air guide groove and the second air guide groove jointly penetrate through the air pressure plate. The first air guide groove and the second air guide groove are both obliquely arranged on one side of the air pressure plate. The first air guide groove and the second air guide groove form an inlaid stepped exhaust hole.

[0016] Further, the water stop assembly includes an installation groove and a fitting groove formed on one side of the impermeable plate. The fitting groove communicates with the positive pressure chamber. The inner walls of the installation groove and the fitting groove are respectively provided with a first water stop plate and a second water stop plate. The first water stop plate and the second water stop plate are respectively adapted to the installation groove and the fitting groove. A clamping hole is formed in the bottom inner wall of the installation groove. A clamping column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first water stop plate. The clamping column is matched with the clamping hole. The bottom inner wall of the installation groove is fixedly connected with springs distributed at equal intervals. The top ends of the springs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first water stop plate.

[0017] Further, the tops of the first water stop plate and the second water stop plate are both provided with water stop grooves distributed at equal intervals. The cross section of the water stop groove is in an M shape.

[0018] Further, a sealing groove is formed at the top of the fitting groove. A sealing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water stop plate. One end of the sealing plate is inserted into the sealing groove. A plurality of spoiler plates are fixedly connected to one side of the second water stop plate. The cross section of the spoiler plate is in a wavy shape. A drainage gap for facilitating the drainage of accumulated water inside the impermeable plate is formed between the two spoiler plates.

[0019] Further, clamping blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the impermeable plate. Clamping grooves matched with the clamping blocks are formed on the other two sides of the impermeable plate. A drainage groove is formed inside the impermeable plate. A diversion pipe is fixedly connected to the drainage grooves on both sides of the impermeable plate. A fitting pipe is fixedly connected to the drainage grooves on the other two sides of the impermeable plate. The outer diameter of the diversion pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the fitting pipe.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] A pneumatic seepage resistance and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits provided by the present invention utilizes the principle of air pressure difference to achieve efficient seepage resistance. When installing the entire device, first install multiple seepage resistance plates around the foundation pit body, fix them on the outer wall of the foundation pit through positioning holes and screw rods. After adjacent seepage resistance plates are tightly spliced using clamping blocks and clamping grooves, connect the connecting pipe to an external air supply device to inflate the positive pressure cavity, so that the air pressure in the cavity is higher than the groundwater pressure outside the foundation pit. Since the first air pressure holes are circularly distributed in a diffusive manner in the first air pressure area and the inner diameter gradually increases when spreading from the center to the surroundings, this design makes the gas discharge resistance gradually decrease and the flow rate relatively uniform, forming a stable and uniform air pressure in the corresponding area of the first air pressure area. The second air pressure holes are distributed in four second air pressure areas with equal-distance circular distribution, and their inner diameters are larger than those of the first air pressure holes in the first air pressure area, which helps the gas to quickly discharge and replenish the air pressure in the second air pressure area. In this way, an all-round, uniform and stable air pressure barrier is formed between the entire seepage resistance plate and the foundation pit body, effectively preventing groundwater from seeping into the foundation pit, avoiding problems such as instability of the foundation pit slope and decrease in foundation bearing capacity caused by groundwater leakage, ensuring the safety of construction personnel and the normal operation of construction equipment, ensuring the stability of the building foundation, and improving the project quality.

[0022] A pneumatic seepage resistance and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits provided by the present invention, through the provided first air guide groove and second air guide groove, since both the first air pressure hole and the second air pressure hole are formed into an inwards recessed stepped exhaust hole by the first air guide groove and the second air guide groove, the inwards recessed structure can prevent soil particles from directly entering the air holes, avoiding the blockage of the air holes and affecting the air pressure output. The stepped channel design can further enhance the stability and uniformity of the air pressure when the gas is discharged. When the gas passes through the stepped channel, the pressure distribution is more uniform, so as to ensure that the gas pressures discharged from each air hole are consistent and maintain a stable air pressure seepage resistance barrier, which can help prevent soil particles from blocking the air holes and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the air pressure seepage resistance function. Even in a complex construction environment, it can reliably play the seepage resistance role.

[0023] The present invention provides a pneumatic seepage-blocking and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits. The device comprises a water-stop assembly, which plays a key role in assisting in preventing seepage and water leakage on all four sides of the pneumatic seepage-blocking assembly. During operation, the clamping column at the bottom of the first waterstop plate in the installation groove cooperates with the clamping hole, providing an upward elastic force to the first waterstop plate via a spring, causing it to fit tightly against the outer wall of the foundation pit body, initially blocking any water that may infiltrate. The equidistantly spaced M-shaped waterstop grooves on the tops of the first and second waterstop plates increase the path and difficulty of water infiltration. When water encounters the waterstop grooves, it must flow along the M-shaped grooves, significantly reducing the rate of infiltration and further preventing water leakage. The matching grooves are connected to a positive pressure chamber, and the air pressure within the positive pressure chamber allows the first and second waterstop plates to be more firmly pressed against the outer wall of the foundation pit body, further improving the water-stopping effect. The sealing plate at the bottom of the second waterstop plate inserts into the sealing groove at the top of the matching groove, forming a good sealing structure to prevent gas and water from leaking through the matching grooves. These multiple water-stopping structures work together to greatly enhance the device's anti-seepage ability and reduce the risk of groundwater leakage.

[0024] The present invention provides an air pressure seepage prevention and water-saving device for layered excavation of a deep foundation pit. The device forms a drainage gap between adjacent spoiler plates through equidistantly distributed wavy spoiler plates fixedly connected to one side of a second water stop plate. When the accumulated water leaking from the side wall of the foundation pit body flows into the interior of the seepage prevention plate, the accumulated water will be guided to the drainage gap by the spoiler plate, and then discharged into the guide pipe or matching pipe below the seepage prevention plate along the drainage gap, thereby realizing the collection of the accumulated water. In the process of diverting and collecting the accumulated water, the wavy spoiler plate also has a certain effect of settling impurities, thereby preventing the impurities from clogging the guide pipe or matching pipe outside the seepage prevention plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the discharge of the accumulated water. In the process of discharging the accumulated water, since the outer diameter of the guide pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the matching pipe, in the overall structure formed by splicing multiple seepage prevention plates, the guide pipe and the matching pipe of the adjacent seepage prevention plate are connected to each other, so that the accumulated water can smoothly flow from the drainage groove of one seepage prevention plate into the drainage groove of the adjacent seepage prevention plate, and finally be guided to a suitable drainage location, keeping the interior of the foundation pit dry and ensuring the smooth progress of the layered excavation construction of the deep foundation pit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall back structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the overall front structure of the water stop assembly of the present invention after disassembly.

[0029] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall back structure of the water stop assembly of the present invention after disassembly.

[0031] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the first air pressure zone and the second air pressure zone in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sectional plane structure of the impermeable plate of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at C in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after being installed on the foundation pit body.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Impermeable plate; 2. Positioning hole; 3. Water stop assembly; 3001. First water stop plate; 3002. Water stop groove; 3003. Second water stop plate; 3004. Installation groove; 3005. Card hole; 3006. Spring; 3007. Matching groove; 3008. Sealing groove; 3009. Card column; 3010. Turbulence plate; 3011. Sealing plate; 3012. Drainage gap; 4. Air pressure impermeable assembly; 4001. Air pressure plate; 4002. First air pressure zone; 4003. Second air pressure zone; 40U4. First air pressure hole; 4005. Second air pressure hole; 5. Card block; 6. Card slot; 7. Docking pipe; 8. Diversion pipe; 9. Matching pipe; 10. Positive pressure chamber; 11. First air guide groove; 12. Second air guide groove; 13. Drainage groove; 14. Foundation pit body. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 - 10 , a pneumatic seepage resistance and water saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits, including a seepage resistance plate 1, and a pneumatic seepage resistance component 4 for preventing the leakage of the foundation pit body 14 is arranged on one side of the seepage resistance plate 1;

[0040] A water stop component 3 is arranged on one side of the seepage resistance plate 1. The number of the water stop components 3 is four groups, and the four groups of water stop components 3 are respectively arranged on the four sides of the pneumatic seepage resistance component 4;

[0041] Positioning holes 2 are opened at the four corners of the seepage resistance plate 1. The seepage resistance plate 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the foundation pit body 14 by matching with the positioning holes 2 and the screw. By matching the positioning holes 2 with the screw, the seepage resistance plate 1 can be accurately fixed at a predetermined position of the foundation pit body 14 to ensure the stability of the installation. At the same time, the four groups of water stop components 3 are arranged around the pneumatic seepage resistance component 4 to assist in seepage resistance from four directions, blocking the groundwater that may leak in all directions and improving the overall seepage resistance effect.

[0042] Preferably, the pneumatic seepage resistance component 4 includes a pneumatic plate 4001 fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the seepage resistance plate 1. A positive pressure cavity 10 is formed between the inside of the pneumatic plate 4001 and one side of the seepage resistance plate 1. A docking pipe 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the pneumatic plate 4001. The docking pipe 7 is communicated with the positive pressure cavity 10. The docking pipe 7 is located at the center position of the seepage resistance plate 1. First air pressure holes 4004 and second air pressure holes 4005 are respectively opened on one side of the pneumatic plate 4001. Both the first air pressure holes 4004 and the second air pressure holes 4005 are communicated with the positive pressure cavity 10. The docking pipe 7 serves as a gas input channel and is located at the center position of the seepage resistance plate 1, enabling gas to enter the positive pressure cavity 10 more evenly. At the same time, the first air pressure holes 4004 and the second air pressure holes 4005 are communicated with the positive pressure cavity 10, providing a path for the subsequent formation of an air pressure barrier for gas discharge, so that the gas in the positive pressure cavity 10 can act on the foundation pit body 14 and the seepage resistance plate 1 smoothly, playing a role in seepage resistance.

[0043] Preferably, a first air pressure area 4002 and a second air pressure area 4003 are respectively arranged on one side of the air pressure plate 4001. First air pressure holes 4004 are distributed inside the first air pressure area 4002, and second air pressure holes 4005 are distributed inside the second air pressure area 4003. The cross-section of the first air pressure area 4002 is circular. The number of the second air pressure areas 4003 is four, and the four second air pressure areas 4003 are circularly distributed at equal distances on the air pressure plate 4001. The division of the first air pressure area 4002 and the second air pressure area 4003 and different distribution methods make the gas discharge position more targeted. The circular structure of the first air pressure area 4002 and the circular distribution at equal distances of the second air pressure areas 4003, combined with the corresponding first air pressure holes 4004 and second air pressure holes 4005, can form a uniform and complementary air pressure distribution in different areas around the foundation pit body 14, enhancing the overall anti-seepage effect.

[0044] Preferably, the first air pressure holes 4004 are circularly diffusely distributed on the first air pressure area 4002. The inner diameters of the first air pressure holes 4004 that spread from the center of the first air pressure area 4002 to the surrounding gradually increase. This special distribution and inner diameter change of the first air pressure holes 4004 make the resistance of the gas discharged from the center of the first air pressure area 4002 to the surrounding gradually decrease, and the flow rate is relatively uniform. The gas at the center is discharged through the air holes with a smaller inner diameter, and the pressure is relatively concentrated, while the air holes with a larger inner diameter around can ensure the smooth diffusion of the gas. Finally, a stable and uniform air pressure is formed in the area corresponding to the first air pressure area 400, effectively blocking the infiltration of groundwater.

[0045] Preferably, the inner diameter of the second air pressure holes 4005 is larger than that of the first air pressure holes 4004 in the first air pressure area 4002. The second air pressure holes 4005 with a larger inner diameter are beneficial to the rapid discharge of gas in the second air pressure area 4003. Since the second air pressure area 4003 may face different pressure environments or groundwater infiltration situations, the air holes with a larger inner diameter can ensure the timely replenishment of gas and maintain the air pressure balance in this area. Cooperating with the first air pressure area 4002, the entire air pressure barrier is made more stable and reliable.

[0046] Preferably, both the first air pressure hole 4004 and the second air pressure hole 4005 include a first air guide groove 11 and a second air guide groove 12. The first air guide groove 11 communicates with the second air guide groove 12. The first air guide groove 11 and the second air guide groove 12 jointly penetrate through the air pressure plate 4001. The first air guide groove 11 and the second air guide groove 12 are both inclinedly arranged on one side of the air pressure plate 4001. The first air guide groove 11 and the second air guide groove 12 form an in-sunken stepped exhaust hole. The in-sunken stepped exhaust hole structure makes it difficult for soil particles to directly enter the air hole, avoiding the blockage of the air hole and affecting the air pressure output. At the same time, when the gas is discharged, the stepped first air guide groove 11 and second air guide groove 12 can further enhance the stability and uniformity of the air pressure, making the gas pressure distribution more uniform, so as to ensure that the gas pressures discharged from each air hole are consistent and maintain a stable air pressure impermeable barrier.

[0047] Preferably, the water stop assembly 3 includes an installation groove 3004 and a mating groove 3007 opened on one side of the impermeable plate 1. The mating groove 3007 communicates with the positive pressure chamber 10. The inner walls of the installation groove 3004 and the mating groove 3007 are respectively provided with a first water stop plate 3001 and a second water stop plate 3003. The first water stop plate 3001 and the second water stop plate 3003 respectively match the installation groove 3004 and the mating groove 3007. A clamping hole 3005 is opened on the bottom inner wall of the installation groove 3004. The bottom of the first water stop plate 3001 is fixedly connected with a clamping column 3009. The clamping column 3009 cooperates with the clamping hole 3005. The bottom inner wall of the installation groove 3004 is fixedly connected with springs 3006 distributed at equal distances. The top ends of the springs 3006 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first water stop plate 3001. The installation groove 3004 and the mating groove 3007 provide installation positions for the first water stop plate 3001 and the second water stop plate 3003. The cooperation of the clamping column 3009 and the clamping hole 3005 makes the installation of the first water stop plate 3001 more stable. At the same time, the spring 3006 can provide an upward elastic force to make the first water stop plate 3001 closely fit the outer wall of the foundation pit body 14, initially blocking the infiltration of water. And the mating groove 3007 communicates with the positive pressure chamber 10, and with the air pressure of the positive pressure chamber 10, the water stop plate is further pressed tightly to enhance the water stop effect.

[0048] Preferably, the tops of both the first water stop plate 3001 and the second water stop plate 3003 are provided with water stop grooves 3002 distributed at equal distances. The cross-section of the water stop groove 3002 is in an M shape. The M-shaped water stop groove 3002 increases the path and difficulty of water penetration. When water contacts the water stop groove 3002, it needs to flow circuitously along the M-shaped groove, greatly reducing the penetration speed, further preventing water leakage, and strengthening the water stop function of the water stop assembly 3.

[0049] Preferably, a sealing groove 3008 is formed at the top of the fitting groove 3007. A sealing plate 3011 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water stop plate 3003. One end of the sealing plate 3011 is inserted into the sealing groove 3008. A plurality of spoiler plates 3010 are fixedly connected to one side of the second water stop plate 3003 at equal intervals. The cross-section of the spoiler plate 3010 is wavy. A drainage gap 3012 for facilitating the drainage of the accumulated water inside the impervious plate 1 is formed between two spoiler plates 3010. The cooperation between the sealing plate 3011 and the sealing groove 3008 forms a good sealing structure to prevent gas and moisture from leaking from the fitting groove 3007. Moreover, the drainage gap 3012 formed by the wavy spoiler plates 3010 can not only guide the accumulated water to drain, but also settle impurities by using the special shape of the spoiler plates 3010, avoiding the blockage of the drainage channel by impurities and ensuring the stability of the accumulated water drainage.

[0050] Preferably, clamping blocks 5 are fixedly connected to both sides of the impervious plate 1. Clamping grooves 6 matched with the clamping blocks 5 are formed on the other two sides of the impervious plate 1. A drainage groove 13 is formed inside the impervious plate 1. A diversion pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the drainage grooves 13 on both sides of the impervious plate 1. A fitting pipe 9 is fixedly connected to the drainage grooves 13 on the other two sides of the impervious plate 1. The outer diameter of the diversion pipe 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the fitting pipe 9. The cooperation between the clamping blocks 5 and the clamping grooves 6 facilitates the splicing of multiple impervious plates 1, ensuring a tight connection and forming a complete impervious structure. The drainage groove 13, the diversion pipe 8 and the fitting pipe 9 cooperate with each other, enabling the accumulated water to flow smoothly in the overall structure formed by the splicing of multiple impervious plates 1, flowing from the drainage groove 13 of one impervious plate 1 through the diversion pipe 8 and the fitting pipe 9 into the drainage groove 13 of the adjacent impervious plate 1, and finally guiding to a suitable drainage location to keep the inside of the foundation pit dry.

[0051] In summary, by means of the above technical solution of the present invention, during use, the staff first installs multiple impermeable plates 1 around the foundation pit body 14. Using the positioning holes 2 at the four corners of the impermeable plate 1, it is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the foundation pit body 14 through screws. At the same time, between adjacent impermeable plates 1, they are spliced by the cooperation of the clamping block 5 on one side and the clamping groove 6 on the other side to ensure tight connection. After the connection is completed, the docking pipe 7 is connected to an external air supply device to prepare for subsequent air pressure adjustment. Subsequently, the external air supply device inflates the positive pressure chamber 10 through the docking pipe 7, so that an environment with a higher groundwater pressure outside the foundation pit is formed in the positive pressure chamber 10. The gas in the positive pressure chamber 10 is discharged through the first air pressure holes 4004 and the second air pressure holes 4005 respectively. Since the first air pressure holes 4004 are circularly diffusely distributed on the first air pressure area 4002 and the inner diameter gradually increases when diffusing from the center of the first air pressure area 4002 to the surroundings, this design makes the resistance to gas discharge gradually decrease from the center to the surroundings, and the gas flow is relatively uniform, so as to form a stable and uniform air pressure in the area corresponding to the first air pressure area 4002. At the same time, the second air pressure holes 4005 are distributed in four second air pressure areas 4003 that are circularly distributed at equal distances, and their inner diameters are larger than the inner diameters of the first air pressure holes 4004 in the first air pressure area 4002. This not only effectively reduces the exhaust resistance of the second air pressure holes 4005 at the corners, enables the multiple air pressure holes on the air pressure plate 4001 to maintain a relatively uniform positive pressure, but also helps the gas to be quickly discharged in the second air pressure area 4003 to supplement the air pressure, so as to form an all-round, uniform and stable air pressure barrier between the entire impermeable plate 1 and the foundation pit body 14, effectively preventing groundwater from infiltrating into the foundation pit;

[0052] When the air pressure impermeable component 4 performs air pressure impermeability on the foundation pit, both the first air pressure holes 4004 and the second air pressure holes 4005 on the air pressure plate 4001 are composed of an inlaid stepped exhaust hole formed by the first air guiding groove 11 and the second air guiding groove 12. On the one hand, the inlaid structure makes it difficult for soil particles to directly enter the air holes. On the other hand, the stepped channel design can further enhance the stability and uniformity of the air pressure when the gas is discharged, and at the same time is also conducive to preventing soil particles from blocking the air holes, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the air pressure impermeability function.

[0053] During the entire process of the seepage-blocking plate 1, since the water-stop assembly 3 is located on the four sides of the air pressure seepage-blocking assembly 4, it plays a role in assisting in seepage prevention and preventing water leakage. The clamping column 3009 at the bottom of the first water-stop plate 3001 in the installation groove 3004 cooperates with the clamping hole 3005, and the spring 3006 provides an upward elastic force for the first water-stop plate 3001, so that it fits tightly against the outer wall of the foundation pit body 14, preliminarily blocking the possible infiltration of water. The equidistantly distributed M-shaped water-stop grooves 3002 opened on the top of the first water-stop plate 3001 and the second water-stop plate 3003 increase the path and difficulty of water penetration. When water encounters When the water stop groove 3002 is in contact with the water, it needs to flow in a circuitous manner along the M-shaped groove, which greatly reduces the infiltration speed and further prevents water leakage. The matching groove 3007 is connected to the positive pressure chamber 10. The air pressure inside the positive pressure chamber 10 can be used to make the first water stop plate 3001 and the second water stop plate 3003 more firmly pressed against the outer wall of the foundation pit body 14, further improving the water stopping effect of the water stop assembly 3. At the same time, the sealing plate 3011 at the bottom of the second water stop plate 3003 is inserted into the sealing groove 3008 at the top of the matching groove 3007, forming a good sealing structure to prevent gas and moisture from leaking from the matching groove 3007.

[0054] The wavy spoilers 3010 with equal distances are fixedly connected to one side of the second water stop plate 3003, and drainage gaps 3012 are formed between adjacent spoilers 3010. When the accumulated water leaking from the side wall of the foundation pit body 14 flows into the inside of the seepage-blocking plate 1, the accumulated water will be guided to the drainage gaps 3012 by the spoilers 3010, and then discharged along the drainage gaps 3012 to the inside of the guide pipe 8 or the matching pipe 9 below the seepage-blocking plate 1, thereby realizing the collection of the accumulated water. In addition, in the process of diverting and collecting the accumulated water, the wavy spoilers 3010 also have a certain effect of settling impurities. The function of the drainage pipe 8 or the matching pipe 9 outside the anti-seepage plate 1 is to prevent impurities from clogging the drainage pipe 8 or the matching pipe 9, thereby ensuring the stability of the drainage of accumulated water. In the process of draining accumulated water, since the outer diameter of the drainage pipe 8 is the same as the inner diameter of the matching pipe 9, in the overall structure formed by splicing multiple anti-seepage plates 1, the drainage pipe 8 and the matching pipe 9 of the adjacent anti-seepage plate 1 are docked with each other, so that the accumulated water can smoothly flow from the drainage groove 13 of one anti-seepage plate 1 into the drainage groove 13 of the adjacent anti-seepage plate 1, and finally be guided to a suitable drainage location, so as to keep the inside of the foundation pit dry and ensure the smooth progress of the layered excavation construction of the deep foundation pit.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air pressure impermeable water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits, including an impermeable plate (1), characterized in that, One side of the impermeable plate (1) is provided with a pneumatic impermeable component (4) for preventing the leakage of the foundation pit body (14). One side of the impermeable plate (1) is provided with a water stop component (3). The number of the water stop components (3) is four groups, and the four groups of the water stop components (3) are respectively arranged on four sides of the pneumatic impermeable component (4). Positioning holes (2) are formed at four corners of the impermeable plate (1), and the impermeable plate (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the foundation pit body (14) through the cooperation of the positioning holes (2) and screw rods.

2. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic impermeable component (4) includes a pneumatic plate (4001) fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the impermeable plate (1). A positive pressure cavity (10) is formed between the inside of the pneumatic plate (4001) and one side of the impermeable plate (1). One side of the pneumatic plate (4001) is fixedly connected with a butt joint pipe (7). The butt joint pipe (7) is communicated with the positive pressure cavity (10). The butt joint pipe (7) is located at the center position of the impermeable plate (1). First pneumatic holes (4004) and second pneumatic holes (4005) are respectively formed on one side of the pneumatic plate (4001). The first pneumatic holes (4004) and the second pneumatic holes (4005) are both communicated with the positive pressure cavity (10).

3. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first pneumatic area (4002) and a second pneumatic area (4003) are respectively arranged on one side of the pneumatic plate (4001). The first pneumatic holes (4004) are distributed inside the first pneumatic area (4002). The second pneumatic holes (4005) are distributed inside the second pneumatic area (4003). The cross section of the first pneumatic area (4002) is circular. The number of the second pneumatic areas (4003) is four, and the four second pneumatic areas (4003) are circularly distributed on the pneumatic plate (4001) at equal distances.

4. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first pneumatic holes (4004) are circularly diffusely distributed on the first pneumatic area (4002), and the inner diameters of the first pneumatic holes (4004) gradually increase along the center of the first pneumatic area (4002) and spread to the surrounding.

5. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the second pneumatic holes (4005) is larger than the inner diameter of the first pneumatic holes (4004) in the first pneumatic area (4002).

6. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first pneumatic holes (4004) and the second pneumatic holes (4005) include a first air guide groove (11) and a second air guide groove (12). The first air guide groove (11) is communicated with the second air guide groove (12). The first air guide groove (11) and the second air guide groove (12) jointly penetrate through the pneumatic plate (4001). The first air guide groove (11) and the second air guide groove (12) are both inclinedly arranged on one side of the pneumatic plate (4001). The first air guide groove (11) and the second air guide groove (12) form an inwards recessed stepped exhaust hole.

7. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 6, wherein, The water stop assembly (3) includes a mounting groove (3004) and a mating groove (3007) formed on one side of the impermeable plate (1). The mating groove (3007) communicates with the positive pressure chamber (10). The inner walls of the mounting groove (3004) and the mating groove (3007) are respectively provided with a first water stop plate (3001) and a second water stop plate (3003). The first water stop plate (3001) and the second water stop plate (3003) are respectively adapted to the mounting groove (3004) and the mating groove (3007). A clamping hole (3005) is formed on the bottom inner wall of the mounting groove (3004). A clamping column (3009) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first water stop plate (3001). The clamping column (3009) is engaged with the clamping hole (3005). Equally spaced springs (3006) are fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the mounting groove (3004). The top ends of the springs (3006) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first water stop plate (3001).

8. A pneumatic impermeability and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 7, characterized in that, Equally spaced water stop grooves (3002) are formed on the tops of the first water stop plate (3001) and the second water stop plate (3003). The cross section of the water stop groove (3002) is M-shaped.

9. The air pressure impermeable and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 8, characterized in that, A sealing groove (3008) is formed on the top of the mating groove (3007). A sealing plate (3011) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water stop plate (3003). One end of the sealing plate (3011) is inserted into the sealing groove (3008). Equally spaced flow disturbing plates (3010) are fixedly connected to one side of the second water stop plate (3003). The cross section of the flow disturbing plate (3010) is wavy. A drainage gap (3012) for facilitating the drainage of accumulated water inside the impermeable plate (1) is formed between two adjacent flow disturbing plates (3010).

10. A pneumatic impermeability and water-saving device for layered excavation of deep foundation pits according to claim 9, characterized in that, Clamping blocks (5) are fixedly connected to both sides of the impermeable plate (1). Card slots (6) adapted to the clamping blocks (5) are formed on the other two sides of the impermeable plate (1). A drainage groove (13) is formed inside the impermeable plate (1). A diversion pipe (8) is fixedly connected to the drainage grooves (13) on both sides of the impermeable plate (1). A mating pipe (9) is fixedly connected to the drainage grooves (13) on the other two sides of the impermeable plate (1). The outer diameter of the diversion pipe (8) is the same as the inner diameter of the mating pipe (9).

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