Device for assisting tunnel boring machine (TBM) hard rock mass tunnel excavation through energy-gathered perforation and kinetic energy penetration presplitting

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy-gathered perforating bullet and bullet body penetration presplitting assisted TBM hard rock mass tunnel excavation device, a rock breaking system of the energy-gathered perforating bullet and bullet body penetration presplitting assisted TBM hard rock mass tunnel excavation device comprises a combined rock breaking TBM cutterhead, an energy-gathered blasting assembly, a kinetic energy bullet body launching assembly and a rotary driving part, energy-gathered blasting is firstly conducted on a tunnel face through an energy-gathered perforating bullet, a jet flow channel is formed in the center of the tunnel face, and a jet flow channel is formed in the center of the tunnel face; the jet flow channel is formed to guide subsequent penetration of the kinetic energy projectile body, the kinetic energy projectile body launched by the kinetic energy projectile body launching assembly can form a penetration pit in a central area, secondary crushing is conducted on a tunnel face through a mechanical cutter on a TBM cutter head, then the effect of rapidly crushing extremely hard rock is achieved, and the tunneling speed of the TBM is effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavation, and particularly to a device for assisted excavation of hard rock tunnels by TBM with shaped charge perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of full - face rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in underground projects such as water conservancy, transportation, and subway projects, we have to face a series of adverse conditions such as hard or extremely hard rock masses and complex geological conditions. How to innovate TBM equipment to achieve efficient tunneling is a technical problem faced by engineering construction personnel.

[0003] The installation radius of the cutters in the central area of the traditional TBM cutterhead is small. Compared with the outer - ring cutters, its linear velocity is small. During the rock - breaking process, it often bears abnormal torque and radial impact force, and the loss degree is aggravated, resulting in a reduction in the rock - breaking efficiency of the central area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a device for assisted excavation of hard rock tunnels by TBM with shaped charge perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting, so as to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, during the rock - breaking process in the central area of the TBM cutterhead, it often bears abnormal torque and radial impact force, and the loss degree is aggravated, resulting in a reduction in the rock - breaking efficiency of the central area.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above - mentioned technical problems is as follows: A device for assisted excavation of hard rock tunnels by TBM with shaped charge perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting includes a rock - breaking system, a propulsion and support system, a slag - discharging system, and a support system; The rock - breaking system includes a combined rock - breaking TBM cutterhead, a shaped charge blasting component, a kinetic energy projectile launching component, and a rotary drive part; the rock - breaking TBM cutterhead includes a disk body, mechanical cutters, a protective baffle, and a protective net. The disk body is installed at the front end of the TBM main beam and a gun barrel extension hole is formed in the middle. The protective baffle is installed on the side wall of the gun barrel extension hole, and the protective net is arranged at the rear - end opening of the protective baffle; the shaped charge blasting component includes a replaceable fixture, an intelligent robotic arm, and a shaped charge perforating cartridge. The intelligent robotic arm is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the TBM main beam. The replaceable fixture is installed at the end of the intelligent robotic arm and is used for clamping and fixing the shaped charge perforating cartridge; the kinetic energy projectile launching component is installed on the TBM main beam and is used for launching a kinetic energy projectile forward along the central axis of the disk body. The propulsion and support system is connected to the rock - breaking system and is used for the propulsion and support of the rock - breaking system; the slag - discharging system is used for transporting the rock slag generated by rock - breaking to the outside, and the support system is used for forming a support when the rock - breaking system is performing rock - breaking work.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: For the above-mentioned device provided by the present application, its rock-breaking system includes a combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead, a shaped charge blasting component, a kinetic energy projectile launching component, and a rotary drive unit. First, a shaped charge perforating projectile is used to perform shaped charge blasting on the tunnel face, forming a jet channel in the center of the face. The formed jet channel provides guidance for the subsequent penetration of the kinetic energy projectile. The kinetic energy projectile launched by the kinetic energy projectile launching component will form a penetration pit in the central area, and then the mechanical cutters on the TBM cutterhead are used to perform secondary crushing on the face, thereby achieving the effect of quickly crushing extremely hard rock and effectively improving the tunneling speed of the TBM.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Further, the gun barrel extension hole is a frustum-shaped hole with a larger front diameter than the rear diameter.

[0009] Further, the kinetic energy projectile launching component includes a rifled gun barrel, a rifled gun loading part, a rifled gun fixing part, and a rifled gun support. The rifled gun barrel is fixed on the TBM main beam. The rifled gun loading part is located at the rear end of the rifled gun barrel for loading kinetic energy projectiles. The front end of the rifled gun barrel is aligned with the center of the disc body. The lower end of the rifled gun support contacts the tunnel bottom wall and the upper end is used to support the rifled gun barrel.

[0010] Further, the shaped charge blasting component further includes a robotic arm guide rail. The robotic arm guide rail is axially installed on the TBM main beam along the axial direction of the TBM main beam, and the intelligent robotic arm is installed on the robotic arm guide rail.

[0011] Further, the propulsion and support system includes bottom shoes, main shoes, propulsion hydraulic cylinders, and rear support. Both the bottom shoes and the main shoes are connected to the main beam and can be telescopically extended along the radial direction of the TBM main beam to selectively support or disengage from the surrounding rock. The bottom shoes are arranged near the front end of the main beam, and the main shoes are arranged near the middle of the main beam. One end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main shoe and the other end is connected to the main beam for driving the main beam to tunnel forward. The rear support is arranged at the rear of the TBM main beam for providing support during the TBM displacement stage.

[0012] Further, the slag discharge system includes a slag collection ring, a conveyor, and a conveyor support frame. A plurality of buckets are arranged at positions near the edge of the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead. The slag collection ring is arranged at the rear end of the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead for collecting the rock slag that slides from the buckets. The conveyor is arranged on the main beam through the conveyor support frame. One end of the conveyor is connected to the slag collection ring and the other end extends to the rear end of the TBM.

[0013] Further, the shaped charge includes a metal shell, an explosive, and a metal liner, and the explosive is encapsulated in a sealed cavity formed by enclosing the metal liner and the metal shell.

[0014] Further, the angle of the liner is determined according to the depth of the jet flow channel of the shaped charge gun.

[0015] Further, the support system includes a top shield and turning support shoes; the top shield is arranged at the top behind the cutter head of the rock-breaking TBM, and the turning support shoes are arranged on the side behind the cutter head of the rock-breaking TBM. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a shaped charge and a projectile penetration pre-splitting assisted TBM hard rock tunnel excavation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter head of the rock-breaking TBM in this embodiment; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the kinetic energy projectile penetrating the working face in this embodiment; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the working face after being penetrated in this embodiment; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the mechanical cutter cutting the working face in this embodiment; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the state in the initial projectile placement stage in this embodiment; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the state in the shaped charge blasting stage in this embodiment; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the state in the kinetic energy penetration stage in this embodiment; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the state in the mechanical crushing stage in this embodiment. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] To facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are given in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the description of the present application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0019] AsFigure 1 and 2 As shown in 2 , the present application provides a shaped charge perforator and a projectile penetration pre - cracking assisted TBM hard rock tunnel excavation device, which includes a rock breaking system 100, a propulsion and support system 200, a slag discharging system 300, and a support system 400.

[0020] The rock breaking system 100 includes a combined rock breaking TBM cutterhead 110, a shaped charge blasting assembly 120, a kinetic energy projectile launching assembly 130, and a rotary drive unit 140.

[0021] The combined rock breaking TBM cutterhead 110 includes a cutterhead body 111, mechanical cutters 112, a protective baffle 113, and a protective net 114. The cutterhead body 111 is installed at the front end of the TBM main beam 500, and a gun barrel protruding hole 111a is formed in the middle. The protective baffle 113 is installed on the side wall of the gun barrel protruding hole 111a, and the protective net 114 is arranged at the rear - end opening of the protective baffle 113.

[0022] The shaped charge blasting assembly 120 includes a replaceable fixture 121, an intelligent robotic arm 122, and a shaped charge perforator 123.

[0023] The intelligent robotic arm 122 is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the TBM main beam 500. The replaceable fixture 121 is installed at the end of the intelligent robotic arm 122 for clamping and fixing the shaped charge perforator 123. The replaceable fixture 121 is installed at the end of the intelligent robotic arm 122. The replaceable fixture 121 can fix the position of the shaped charge perforator 123. It will be damaged after the shaped charge perforator 123 is fired, but this structure has a small volume, a simple structure, and a low cost, so it is easy to replace. The replaceable fixture 121 here can be structures such as clips and pliers that can be used to clamp the shaped charge perforator.

[0024] The kinetic energy projectile launching assembly 130 is installed on the TBM main beam 500 for launching a kinetic energy projectile 135 forward along the central axis of the cutterhead body 111. The kinetic energy projectile refers to a solid projectile that is launched by the kinetic energy projectile launching assembly 130 (specifically a rifled gun structure) and destroys the rock mass purely by the mechanical kinetic energy generated by high - speed movement. The technical core is to further expand the crack network along the jet channel pre - cracked by the shaped charge perforator 123 through the high - speed penetration effect after launching, and match the cutting trajectory of the subsequent mechanical cutters 112, such as tungsten alloy bullet cores and composite ceramic projectiles.

[0025] The support system 400 is used to form a support when the rock breaking system 100 is performing rock breaking work.

[0026] The gun barrel extension hole 111a is a frustum-shaped hole with a larger front aperture than the rear aperture. While ensuring sufficient forward extension space for the gun barrel 131 in the kinetic energy projectile launching assembly 130 to move forward, the installation area of the protective baffle 113 is restricted by the shrinking rear aperture, the size of the protective net 114 is optimized, and its support stability is ensured, thus achieving the unity of forward operation flexibility and rear structure simplicity.

[0027] The shaped charge blasting assembly 120 further includes a robotic arm guide rail 124, which is installed on the TBM main beam 500 along the axial direction of the TBM main beam 500, and the intelligent robotic arm 122 is installed on the robotic arm guide rail 124.

[0028] The intelligent robotic arm 122 is connected to the robotic arm guide rail 124. The robotic arm guide rail 124 is installed on the TBM main beam 500. The intelligent robotic arm 122 can slide along the axial direction of the TBM main beam 500 on the robotic arm guide rail 124. The shaped charge perforating cartridge 123 is moved to the central area of the tunnel face by using the intelligent robotic arm 122. After the shaped charge perforating cartridge 123 is fired, a jet channel can be formed in the central area of the face.

[0029] The kinetic energy projectile launching assembly 130 includes a rifled gun barrel 131, a rifled gun loading part 132, a rifled gun fixing part 133, and a rifled gun support 134. The rifled gun barrel 131 is fixed on the TBM main beam 500. The rifled gun loading part 132 is located at the rear end of the rifled gun barrel 131 for loading kinetic energy projectiles. The front end of the rifled gun barrel 131 is aligned with the center of the disk body 111. The lower end of the rifled gun support 134 contacts the tunnel bottom wall and the upper end is used to support the rifled gun barrel 131.

[0030] The rifled gun barrel 131 is aligned with the central area of the tunnel face to ensure that the impact point of the kinetic energy projectile coincides with the shaped charge jet channel. The rifled gun fixing part 133 connects the rifled gun barrel 131 to the TBM main beam 500 to ensure the directionality and stability of the rifled gun during operation. The rifled gun support 134 supports the rifled gun to ensure the overall stability of the rifled gun.

[0031] The propulsion and support system 200 includes bottom shoes 210, main shoes 220, propulsion hydraulic cylinders 230, and rear support 240.

[0032] The bottom support shoe 210 and the main support shoe 220 are both connected to the TBM main beam 500 and can be extended and retracted along the radial direction of the TBM main beam 500 to selectively support or detach from the surrounding rock. The bottom support shoe 210 is arranged near the front end of the TBM main beam 500, and the main support shoe 220 is arranged near the middle of the TBM main beam 500; one end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 230 is connected to the main support shoe 220 and the other end is connected to the TBM main beam 500, providing thrust for the cutter head to excavate and break rock, and is used to drive and propel the TBM main beam 500 to excavate; the rear support 240 is arranged at the rear of the TBM main beam 500, and is used to provide support during the TBM displacement stage; during the TBM excavation stage, the rear support 240 is retracted, and during the TBM displacement stage, the rear support 240 is extended and contacts the surrounding rock, providing stable support for the TBM and ensuring that the TBM moves forward as a whole.

[0033] The slag discharge system 300 is used to transport the slag generated by rock breaking to the outside.

[0034] The slag discharge system 300 includes a slag collecting ring 310, a conveyor 320 and a conveyor support frame 330; a plurality of buckets 115 are provided near the edge of the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead 110, and the slag collecting ring 310 is provided at the rear end of the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead 110 to collect the rock slag sliding from the bucket 115 and ensure that the rock slag slides in a specified direction and slides onto the conveyor 320; the conveyor 320 generally adopts a belt conveyor, which is provided on the TBM main beam through the conveyor support frame 330, and one end of the conveyor 320 is connected to the slag collecting ring 310, and the other end extends to the rear end of the TBM main beam.

[0035] The shaped charge 123 includes a metal shell 1231 , an explosive 1232 and a metal liner 1233 . The explosive 1232 is encapsulated in a sealed cavity formed by the metal liner 1233 and the metal shell 1231 .

[0036] The angle of the metal liner 1233 is determined according to the depth of the jet channel of the shaped charge 123 .

[0037] According to the relevant theories of shaped charge jet, the penetration depth p of shaped charge jet is the depth of jet channel; The penetration depth p of the shaped charge jet is: Where: The jet velocity when the jet contacts the rock formation Head velocity of shaped jet The time from the jet head to the rock mass is the distance from the virtual source to the rock mass is the rock density is the jet density The support system 400 is used to form a support when the rock breaking system 100 is performing rock breaking work.

[0038] The support system 400 includes a top shield 410 and steering shoes 420; the top shield 410 is arranged at the top behind the cutter head 110 of the rock breaking TBM, and is used to protect the staff in a certain area behind the cutter head; the steering shoes 420 are arranged on the sides behind the cutter head 110 of the rock breaking TBM. Protect the side of the TBM and are used to adjust the tunneling direction of the TBM.

[0039] The characteristics of the shaped charge jet penetrating the rock, that is, strong directivity, deep penetration depth, and small damage range, and the characteristics of the kinetic energy projectile penetrating the rock, that is, weak directivity and large damage range. Such as Figure 3 As shown, considering the rock breaking characteristics of the two methods, in this embodiment, kinetic energy projectiles are penetrated on the basis of the jet channel. The jet channel generated by the jet penetration coincides with the impact point of the kinetic energy projectile, which can ensure that the projectile penetrates along the direction of the jet channel and avoid phenomena such as "bouncing off" and "oblique penetration" when the kinetic energy projectile penetrates the intact face, ensuring that the kinetic energy projectile penetrates the tunnel face vertically with the maximum kinetic energy. After the projectile penetrates, a "funnel-shaped" penetration pit is formed on the tunnel face centered on the impact point, and a large number of radial cracks are formed, such as Figure 4 As shown. Through the penetration of the shaped charge jet and the kinetic energy projectile, a penetration pit is created on the surface of the tunnel face, and a large number of cracks are formed inside the tunnel face, which is beneficial to the subsequent rock breaking of the mechanical cutters.

[0040] Such as Figure 5 As shown, after the projectile penetrates, by reasonably arranging the relative position relationship between the mechanical cutter and the penetration pit, the cutting trajectory of the mechanical cutter is within a reasonable distance outside the penetration pit. Subsequently, the TBM cutter head advances and the cutter rolls and cuts. Due to the pre-destruction effect of the penetration pit and a large number of cracks on the tunnel face, the rock breaking force of the mechanical cutter is greatly reduced during the cutting process, and the rock mass of the tunnel face can be quickly cut, thus realizing the efficient rock breaking of the TBM. After the mechanical cutter completely breaks the rock mass in the range affected by the pre-destruction, a new shaped charge perforating cartridge is installed by the intelligent robotic arm with automatic loading arranged behind the cutter head, and shaped charge blasting is carried out on the tunnel face. The rifled gun loading part is reloaded with projectiles, and the kinetic energy projectiles are fired again. The shaped charge perforating cartridge and the kinetic energy projectiles continue to pre-destroy the tunnel face, and so on, effectively improving the tunneling speed of the TBM.

[0041] More preferably, the diameter of the kinetic energy projectile should be larger than that of the jet channel to ensure that the penetration direction of the kinetic energy projectile is correctly guided and the projectile forms a penetration pit within a reasonable range on the tunnel face. If the diameter of the kinetic energy projectile is smaller than that of the jet channel, although the penetration direction of the projectile is correctly guided, most of the projectile's energy is finally dissipated at the end of the jet channel, resulting in the inability to form a large-scale penetration pit and thus unable to cause extensive damage to the tunnel face.

[0042] To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the technical solution of this application, the following details the usage process of the device: 1. Initial projectile placement stage: As Figure 6 , at the beginning of the cycle, the combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead 110 stops rotating close to the tunnel face; the intelligent robotic arm 122 moves along the robotic arm guide rail 124 to the set position, and the replaceable fixture 121 at its front end fixes the shaped charge 123 and moves it to the center of the tunnel face; a detonating cord is installed at the tail of the shaped charge 123. At this time, the bottom support shoes 210 and the main support shoes 220 retract and disengage from the surrounding rock, and the rear support 240 extends to support.

[0043] 2. Shaped charge blasting stage: As Figure 7 , after the detonating cord is triggered, the shaped charge 123 forms a shaped jet channel on the tunnel face; after the blasting is completed, the intelligent robotic arm 122 carries the replaceable fixture 121 and retreats along the robotic arm guide rail 124.

[0044] 3. Kinetic energy penetration stage: As Figure 8 , move the kinetic energy projectile launching assembly 130 to align the rifled gun barrel 131 with the center of the tunnel face; load the projectile through the rifled gun loading section 132, and fix the gun position with the rifled gun fixing part 133; after being triggered, the projectile penetrates the rock mass along the shaped jet channel, forming a penetration pit and a fracture network, and the penetration parameters match the cutting trajectory of the mechanical cutters 112 on the combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead 110.

[0045] 4. Mechanical crushing stage: As Figure 9, the bottom support boots 210 and the main support boots 220 extend out to contact the surrounding rock, and the rear support 240 retracts; the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 230 pushes the TBM main beam 500 forward, the rotary drive unit 140 drives the combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead 110 to rotate, and the mechanical cutters 112 perform secondary crushing on the rock mass in the penetration area; the crushed rock slag is collected by the bucket 115, rotated to the slag collection ring 310 and slides down to the conveyor 320 (fixed by the conveyor support frame 330), and is transported to the rear support system. After the cutting is completed, the bottom support boots 210 and the main support boots 220 retract, and the rear support 240 extends; replace the replaceable fixture 121, install a new shaped charge 123 by the intelligent robotic arm 122, the rifled gun loading unit 132 reloads the projectile body, and starts the next cycle.

[0046] In summary, through the pre-destruction of shaped charge jet and kinetic energy projectile and the cutting of mechanical cutters, the rock mass in the center area of the working face is innovatively broken, avoiding abnormal wear of the hob in the center area of the TBM. It solves the technical problem in the prior art that when the traditional TBM cutterhead is used to break extremely hard rock, due to the high strength and abrasiveness of the rock mass, it is difficult for mechanical cutters to quickly and effectively break hard rock, and provides an efficient and low-consumption rock-breaking solution for deep-buried extremely hard rock tunnel engineering.

[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-gathering perforating charge and projectile penetration pre-cracking assisted TBM hard rock mass tunnel excavation device, characterized in that It includes a rock-breaking system, a propulsion and support system, a slag removal system, and a support system; The rock-breaking system includes a combined rock-breaking TBM cutterhead, a shaped charge blasting assembly, a kinetic energy projectile launching assembly, and a rotary drive unit; the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead includes a cutterhead body, mechanical cutters, a protective baffle, and a protective net. The cutterhead body is installed at the front end of the TBM main beam, and a gun barrel extension hole is formed in the middle. The protective baffle is installed on the side wall of the gun barrel extension hole, and the protective net is arranged at the rear opening of the protective baffle; the shaped charge blasting assembly includes a replaceable fixture, an intelligent robotic arm, and a shaped charge perforating projectile. The intelligent robotic arm is slidably arranged along the axial direction of the TBM main beam. The replaceable fixture is installed at the end of the intelligent robotic arm for clamping and fixing the shaped charge perforating projectile; the kinetic energy projectile launching assembly is installed on the TBM main beam for launching a kinetic energy projectile forward along the central axis of the cutterhead body; The propulsion and support system is connected to the rock-breaking system for the propulsion and support of the rock-breaking system; the slag removal system is used to convey the rock slag generated by rock-breaking to the outside, and the support system is used to form a support when the rock-breaking system is performing rock-breaking work.

2. The device for assisted TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by cumulative perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gun barrel extension hole is a frustum-shaped hole with a larger front aperture than the rear aperture.

3. The device for assisting TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The kinetic energy projectile launching assembly includes a rifled gun barrel, a rifled gun loading part, a rifled gun fixing part, and a rifled gun support. The rifled gun barrel is fixed on the TBM main beam. The rifled gun loading part is located at the rear end of the rifled gun barrel for loading the kinetic energy projectile. The front end of the rifled gun barrel is aligned with the center of the cutterhead body. The lower end of the rifled gun support contacts the tunnel bottom wall and the upper end is used to support the rifled gun barrel.

4. The device for assisting TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting according to claim 1, wherein, The shaped charge blasting assembly further includes a robotic arm guide rail. The robotic arm guide rail is installed on the TBM main beam along the axial direction of the TBM main beam, and the intelligent robotic arm is installed on the robotic arm guide rail.

5. The device for assisted TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy jet perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre-splitting according to claim 1, wherein, The propulsion and support system includes bottom shoes, main shoes, propulsion hydraulic cylinders, and rear supports. Both the bottom shoes and the main shoes are connected to the main beam and can be telescopically extended along the radial direction of the TBM main beam to selectively support or disengage from the surrounding rock. The bottom shoes are arranged near the front end of the main beam, and the main shoes are arranged near the middle of the main beam; one end of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main shoes and the other end is connected to the main beam for driving the main beam to advance. The rear supports are arranged at the rear of the TBM main beam for providing support during the TBM displacement stage.

6. The device for assisting TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting according to claim 1, wherein, The slag removal system includes a slag collection ring, a conveyor, and a conveyor support frame; a plurality of buckets are arranged near the edge of the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead. The slag collection ring is arranged at the rear end of the rock-breaking TBM cutterhead for collecting the rock slag that slides down from the buckets. The conveyor is arranged on the main beam through the conveyor support frame. One end of the conveyor is connected to the slag collection ring, and the other end extends to the rear end of the TBM.

7. The device for assisted TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy jet perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre-splitting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaped charge perforating projectile includes a metal shell, explosive, and a metal liner. The explosive is encapsulated in a sealed cavity formed by enclosing the metal liner and the metal shell.

8. The device for assisted TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy jet perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre-splitting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liner angle is determined according to the jet channel depth of the shaped charge perforating gun.

9. The device for assisting TBM hard rock tunnel excavation by combined energy perforation and kinetic energy penetration pre - splitting according to claim 1, wherein, The support system includes a top shield and steering support shoes; the top shield is arranged at the top behind the cutter head of the rock-breaking TBM, and the steering support shoes are arranged on the sides behind the cutter head of the rock-breaking TBM.

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