Post-disaster blasting cleaning and charging structure for tunnel portal

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel portal blasting cleaning construction, in particular to a charging structure for tunnel portal post-disaster blasting cleaning. A detonating cord of the energy-gathered charging structure is installed in the middle of an energy-gathered pipe, and the energy-gathered pipe is filled with explosives. The energy gathering pipe comprises energy gathering petals and buckles, the multiple energy gathering petals surround to form a tubular structure, and the ends of the adjacent energy gathering petals are connected through the buckles. And an energy-gathering groove is formed in the energy-gathering petal. The shaped charge structure is composed of a shaped section and a buckle to form a shaped tube so as to facilitate quick charge and mounting of a detonating tube, the length of the shaped charge structure can be cut on site according to the depth of a blast hole, the shaped charge structure can adapt to adverse environmental conditions of field disaster relief, and the shaped charge structure is simple to operate, can be processed on a construction site, has low requirements on a processing environment and can realize simultaneous processing and blast hole charge. The construction speed is high, and the applicability is high. In the construction process, different numbers of energy-gathering petals can be selected to form energy-gathering pipes of different sizes in a surrounding mode, and the energy-gathering pipes can well adapt to drilling holes corresponding to current construction equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel mouth part post-disaster blasting cleaning charging structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the post-disaster repair and rescue construction of the tunnel mouth part, due to the collapse accumulation containing the tunnel lining steel bar, the initial support steel arch, the tree root and even the larger boulders, it brings great difficulty to the repair operation. It is necessary to first carry out blasting cutting on the broken silk connected objects such as the tunnel lining steel bar, the initial support steel arch and the tree root in the collapse accumulation, and to carry out blasting cutting and crushing on the larger boulders, so that the large mechanical operation such as the excavator and the bulldozer can be carried out after being separated and disconnected. In the conventional charging blasting, the explosive energy is uniformly released to the surrounding, and has the same force on the surrounding rock, so it is difficult to have directional blasting cutting on the broken silk connected objects such as the steel bar, the initial support steel arch and the tree root, and it is also difficult to have directional cutting and directional throwing on the boulders. The principle of the shaped charge structure is to use the high-speed and high-energy density blade-shaped jet generated thereby to open a directional cutting seam on the rock in the predetermined direction, so as to control the rock fracture direction, and the high-speed and high-energy density blade-shaped jet can well cut the broken silk connected objects such as the steel bar, the steel arch and the tree root in the accumulation. In other directions of the blast hole, due to the instant buffering and inhibiting effect of the sleeve tube of the cartridge on the detonation products, and the buffering effect of the uncoupling medium (air) between the sleeve tube and the blast hole wall, the damage degree of the blast hole wall by the shock wave after the initiation of the explosive is greatly reduced, and the opportunity of random crack generation is greatly reduced. In the propagation process of the radial compression stress wave caused by the detonation of the shaped charge, the tangential accompanying tensile stress is formed, and when the shaped charges in the adjacent blast holes are fired simultaneously, the stress waves will certainly collide on the line connecting the centers of the two blast holes and have superposition effect, forming a tangential combined tensile stress. If the distance between the blast holes is appropriate, the cracks between the adjacent blast holes can be penetrated, forming a smooth directional control blasting fracture surface, promoting the extension and expansion of the initial cracks of the rock and "directional cutting", and the radial force of the expansion gas is much stronger than that of the conventional blasting, which is more conducive to the further extension and expansion of the formed cracks. At present, the shaped charge has certain application in the civil tunneling, but due to the complex environment and limited construction environment in the post-disaster repair and cleaning of the tunnel mouth part, the existing shaped charge has poor practicability in the post-disaster repair and cleaning of the tunnel mouth part, and it has not been publicly applied in the post-disaster repair and cleaning of the tunnel mouth part, especially the cross-shaped four-direction simultaneous crushing cutting or three-direction simultaneous crushing cutting, which can realize multi-directional crushing cutting in one drilling, achieve the effect of half the effort, has fast construction speed, low labor intensity and low safety risk, and has great significance for the rapid repair and rescue construction of the road. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a kind of charge structures for tunnel mouth disaster post-blast cleaning, which can be well applied to tunnel mouth disaster post-blast cleaning cutting processing collapse accumulation or directional cleaning larger boulders, and good crushing effect can be obtained.

[0004] The utility model provides a kind of charge structures for tunnel mouth disaster post-blast cleaning, it includes energy-gathering pipe, explosive and detonating cord;

[0005] The detonating cord is installed in the middle position of energy-gathering pipe, and explosive is filled in energy-gathering pipe.

[0006] The energy-gathering pipe includes energy-gathering petal and buckle, and multiple energy-gathering petals are connected by buckle at the end of adjacent energy-gathering petals.

[0007] Energy-gathering groove is arranged on the energy-gathering petal.

[0008] Preferably, the energy-gathering pipe is a cross four-way cutting energy-gathering pipe, which includes four energy-gathering petals and four buckles.

[0009] Preferably, the energy-gathering pipe is a three-way cutting energy-gathering pipe, which includes three energy-gathering petals and three buckles.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the energy-gathering petal and the buckle is a mutual buckling structure, and the end of the energy-gathering petal and the buckle is provided with a buckle tooth.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the energy-gathering petal is an open end, and the other end is a closed end, and the closed end is provided with an energy-gathering groove.

[0012] Preferably, the included angle of the energy-gathering groove is 80°-100°.

[0013] Preferably, the energy-gathering pipe is made of basalt fiber.

[0014] Preferably, the outer side of the energy-gathering pipe is provided with an elastic rubber ring.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the elastic rubber ring is 1.2mm.

[0016] Preferably, the elastic rubber ring is sleeved on both ends and the middle of the energy-gathering pipe.

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] The polyenergy charge structure is formed by polyenergy petals and buckles to form a polyenergy tube, so as to facilitate fast charging and installation of the detonation tube, the length can be cut on site according to the hole depth, and the polyenergy charge structure can adapt to adverse environmental conditions of field disaster relief, is simple to operate, can be processed on the construction site, has low processing environment requirement, can realize processing and hole charging simultaneously, has high construction speed and strong applicability. In the construction process, different numbers of polyenergy petals can be selected to form polyenergy tubes with different sizes, and the polyenergy charge structure can well adapt to the corresponding drilling holes of the current construction equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the specific embodiment of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiment or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a charge structure for post-disaster blasting cleaning at a tunnel opening is provided for the specific embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a cross four-way polyenergy cutting charge structure composition relationship is provided for the specific embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-way polyenergy cutting charge structure composition relationship is provided for the specific embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a polyenergy tube decomposition is provided for the specific embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Explanation of reference signs:

[0025] 1, polyenergy petal; 2, polyenergy groove, 3, buckle, 4, explosive, 5, detonating cable, 6, elastic rubber ring, 7, hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below in combination with embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present embodiment provides a charge structure for tunnel mouth disaster post-blast cleaning, which is suitable for cutting and processing collapsed accumulation or directional cleaning of large boulders in tunnel mouth disaster post-blast cleaning. It comprises a shaped tube, explosives 4 and a detonating cord 5. The detonating cord 5 is installed at the middle position of the shaped tube, and the explosives 4 are filled in the shaped tube. The shaped tube comprises shaped petals 1 and buckles 3, a plurality of shaped petals 1 are arranged to form a tubular structure, and the end portions of adjacent shaped petals 1 are connected by buckles 3. A shaped groove 2 is arranged on the shaped petals 1.

[0030] The shaped charge structure is formed by shaped petals 1 and buckles 3 to form a shaped tube, which facilitates fast charging and installation of the detonating tube, the length can be cut on site according to the depth of the blast hole 7, and can adapt to the adverse environmental conditions of field disaster relief, and the operation is simple, can be processed on the construction site, has low processing environment requirement, can realize one-side processing and one-side blast hole 7 charging, has high construction speed and strong applicability. Different numbers of shaped petals 1 can be selected to form shaped tubes of different sizes during construction, which can well adapt to the corresponding drilling holes of the current construction equipment, such as 70mm and 60mm hole diameters.

[0031] Referring to Figure 2, the cross four-way cutting shaped liner is composed of four shaped liners 1 and four buckles 3, the shaped liners 1 are connected into a pipe body through buckling and pressing of the buckles 3, and the design of four shaped liners 1 facilitates rapid charging and installation of the detonation tube.

[0032] With reference to Figure 3 , the three-way cutting shaped liner is composed of three shaped liners 1 and three buckles 3, the shaped liners 1 are connected into a pipe body through buckling and pressing of the buckles 3, and the design of three shaped liners 1 facilitates rapid charging and installation of the detonation tube.

[0033] The cross-shaped four-direction simultaneous crushing and cutting or three-direction simultaneous crushing and cutting can realize one-time drilling multi-direction crushing and cutting, and achieve the effect of half the effort, twice the result. The charging structure improves the blasting efficiency, reduces the number of blast holes, reduces the labor intensity of the operating personnel, controls the blasting cutting direction, improves the blasting cutting efficiency, improves the safety factor, and saves a large amount of material cost, and is more green and environmentally friendly.

[0034] The shaped liner is made of basalt fiber, which is low in price and convenient for on-site cutting.

[0035] The connection between the shaped liner 1 and the buckle 3 is a mutual buckling design, the end is provided with a buckle tooth, and after buckling, the buckle teeth bite each other and are tightly connected without gaps, and the operation is convenient.

[0036] One end of the shaped liner 1 is an open end, and the other end is a closed end, the closed end is provided with a shaped groove 2, and the detonating cord 5 is arranged in the middle of the open end direction, and the detonating cord 5 is convenient for installation and positioning.

[0037] The elastic rubber ring 6 is made of ordinary rubber and has certain elasticity and compressibility, with a thickness of about 1.2mm, which can increase the friction between the shaped liner and the blast hole wall, and is used for positioning the shaped liner to ensure the direction of the shaped groove 2.

[0038] The design basis of the shaped charge structure is:

[0039] ① The cutting object of the shaped charge is rock, steel bar, steel arch, etc.

[0040] ② The estimated empirical formula of the height of the shaped charge is:

[0041] H=(1.2-1.5)b (1)

[0042] Where b is the effective charge width, and the parameters are shown in Figure 1 .

[0043] ③ The blast hole spacing range of the shaped charge for forming a through crack in the rock:

[0044] L=(10-25)B (2)

[0045] Wherein B is the height of shaped charge (also can be approximately taken as the diameter of blast hole D), it is generally considered that the range of blast hole spacing arrangement in soil should be greater than that in rock.

[0046] 4. The angle of the shaped groove is 80°-100°, and the wall thickness is 0.03b-0.05b.

[0047] Application example:

[0048] For example, if the cross four-direction cutting is adopted in the project, and the diameter of blast hole is 70mm, the corresponding design parameters of the shaped charge are as follows:

[0049] 1. The wall thickness of the shaped petal is 3mm, and the basalt fiber material model is cast or pressed.

[0050] 2. The corresponding inner size of the end of the shaped groove of the shaped petal is 50mm.

[0051] 3. The shaped groove of the closed end of the shaped petal adopts a wedge-shaped shape, the taper angle of the shaped groove is 90°, the distance between the shaped groove and the elastic rubber ring is 10mm, and the wall thickness is 3mm.

[0052] 4. The shaped tube is filled with No. 2 rock explosive, and a 5mm diameter detonating cord is placed in the middle.

[0053] For example, if the cross four-direction cutting is adopted in the project, and the diameter of blast hole is 70mm, the corresponding design parameters of the shaped charge are as follows:

[0054] 1. The wall thickness of the shaped petal is 3mm, and the basalt fiber material model is cast or pressed.

[0055] 2. The corresponding inner size of the end of the shaped groove of the shaped petal is 50mm.

[0056] 3. The shaped groove of the closed end of the shaped petal adopts a wedge-shaped shape, the taper angle of the shaped groove is 90°, the distance between the shaped groove and the elastic rubber ring is 10mm, and the wall thickness is 3mm.

[0057] 4. The shaped tube is filled with No. 2 rock explosive, and a 5mm diameter detonating cord is placed in the middle.

[0058] Construction method steps

[0059] The utility model provides a kind of for tunnel mouth part post-disaster blasting cleaning charge structure, charge structure includes shaped petal 1, shaped groove 2, bayonet 3, explosive 4, detonating cord 5, elastic rubber ring 6;Wherein shaped tube is composed of shaped petal 1 and bayonet 3, buckling is pipe body, detonating cord 5 is placed in the middle of shaped tube.

[0060] In the embodiment, the assembly method of the shaped charge device is also provided, as shown in Figure 2 The specific construction method steps are as follows:

[0061] Step 1: drilling and explosive preparation

[0062] ①Measurement of the release. By surveying personnel or technical personnel according to the design party by red paint mark hole position.

[0063] ②Drilling. Using air drill, drilling should be carried out according to the design requirements, drilling position is accurate, drilling should be slow, hole should be stable, to avoid the appearance of snake hole, to avoid affecting the later construction.

[0064] ③Explosive preparation. Explosive: commonly used 2 rock explosive. Detonating tube: commonly used in the millisecond delay detonator in the conventional smooth blasting. Detonating cord: used in the conventional smooth blasting technology construction of detonating cord.

[0065] Step 2: shaped charge tube charging

[0066] ①Put the No. 2 rock explosive into the shaped charge;

[0067] ②Three shaped charge through the bayonet buckle pressure, the last buckle before the middle of a detonating cord, and then through the bayonet buckle pressure connection for pipe body.

[0068] Step 3: charge fixed

[0069] In the two ends of the shaped charge tube device and the middle of the elastic rubber ring, the purpose of the shaped charge groove in the shaped charge tube device is aligned with the direction of the cutting;

[0070] Step 4: design of initiation network

[0071] According to the blasting scheme, the initiation network design is implemented, the delay initiation time difference is designed, and the best initiation network is obtained.

[0072] Step 5: initiation and slag removal.

[0073] According to the optimized design of the initiation network, the initiation is implemented. After wiring, the initiation network is checked, and after the warning is completed, the ignition initiation can be carried out. After about 10 minutes of ventilation, the operation surface can be entered for risk removal operation, and the bulldozer is used for cleaning out of the slag.

[0074] In summary, the shaped charge structure provided by the embodiment has the following advantages:

[0075] 1. The shaped charge structure is designed as a shaped charge to facilitate fast charging and installation of the detonating tube, the length of which can be cut on site according to the depth of the blast hole, and it can be processed on site, with low processing environment requirements, allowing one side to process and the other side to charge the blast hole, simple operation, high construction speed, and strong applicability.

[0076] 2. The shaped charge tube is composed of shaped charge and buckle, the connection is designed as mutual buckle, the end is provided with buckle tooth, and after the two are buckled, the buckle tooth bites each other, and the buckle is connected as a pipe body, which is tightly connected without gap, convenient and fast charging and installation of the detonating tube.

[0077] 3. The one end of the energy gathering petal is an open end, and the other end is a closed end, the closed end is provided with an energy gathering groove, and the detonating cord is arranged in the middle of the open end direction, so that the detonating cord is convenient to install and position; the elastic rubber sleeve ring increases the friction between the energy gathering tube and the blast hole wall, is used for positioning the energy gathering tube, and ensures the direction of the energy gathering groove.

[0078] 4. The cross-shaped four directions are simultaneously broken and cut or three directions are simultaneously broken and cut, so that one-time drilling multi-direction broken cutting can be realized, the effect of half the work with twice the result is achieved, the blasting efficiency is improved, the number of blast holes is reduced, the labor intensity of the operation personnel is reduced, the blasting cutting direction is controlled, the blasting cutting efficiency is improved, the safety factor is improved, a large amount of material cost is saved, and the device is more green and environmentally friendly.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, and not to limit them; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or part or all of the technical features can be replaced equivalently; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A charge structure for post-disaster blast cleanup of a tunnel portal, comprising: The device comprises a shaped charge tube, an explosive and a detonating cord; The detonating cord is installed at the middle position of the shaped charge tube, and the explosive is filled in the shaped charge tube; The shaped charge tube comprises shaped charge petals and buckles, the shaped charge petals are arranged around to form a tubular structure, and the end of adjacent shaped charge petals is connected by the buckle; The shaped charge petals are provided with shaped charge grooves.

2. A charge structure for post-disaster blast cleanup of tunnel portals according to claim 1, wherein, The shaped charge tube is a cross four-way cutting shaped charge tube, which comprises four shaped charge petals and four buckles, the shaped charge petals are arranged around to form a tubular structure, and the end of adjacent shaped charge petals is connected by the buckle.

3. The portal mouth blast cleanup charge configuration for post-disaster tunnel portal blasting of claim 1, wherein, The shaped charge tube is a three-way cutting shaped charge tube, which comprises three shaped charge petals and three buckles, the shaped charge petals are arranged around to form a tubular structure, and the end of adjacent shaped charge petals is connected by the buckle.

4. A charge structure for post-disaster blast cleanup of tunnel portals according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The end of the shaped charge petals and the buckle is a mutual buckling structure, and the end of the shaped charge petals and the buckle is provided with buckling teeth.

5. The portal mouth blast cleanup charge structure of claim 1, wherein, One end of the shaped charge petals is an open end, and the other end is a closed end, and the closed end is provided with a shaped charge groove.

6. A charge structure for post-disaster blast cleanup of tunnel portals according to claim 5, wherein, The included angle of the shaped charge groove is 80°-100°.

7. The portal mouth blast cleanup charge structure of claim 1, wherein, The shaped charge tube is made of basalt fiber.

8. The portal mouth blast cleanup charge structure of claim 1, wherein, The outer side of the shaped charge tube is provided with an elastic rubber ring.

9. A charge structure for post-disaster blast cleanup of tunnel portals according to claim 8, wherein, The thickness of the elastic rubber ring is 1.2mm.

10. The portal mouth blast cleanup charge structure of claim 8, wherein, The two ends and the middle of the shaped charge tube are provided with elastic rubber rings.

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