Top cutting pressure relief device of hole rope structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roof-cutting pressure relief device with a hole rope structure, which belongs to the technical field of coal mining and comprises the following steps: a rope saw sequentially penetrates through a first arc-shaped drill hole and a second arc-shaped drill hole along the extension direction of a roadway under the traction of a rope saw machine so as to continuously cut a plurality of layers of roofs, the first rope saw cutting seams and the second rope saw cutting seams are arranged in a linear array in the extending direction of the roadway in a staggered mode, and continuous cutting seams in the extending direction of the roadway are macroscopically formed through the first rope saw cutting seams and the second rope saw cutting seams which are arranged in a staggered mode. According to the utility model, the discrete kerfs are converted into equivalent continuous kerfs, so that the macroscopic continuous fracture of the roof along the roadway direction is realized, the collapse energy release uniformity of the roof and the fracture controllability of the roof are effectively improved, the suspension length of the suspended roof can be effectively reduced, the limitation of a free surface in the shaped charge blasting process is solved, and the construction efficiency is improved. And the method can be widely applied.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a hole rope structure's roof cutting pressure releasing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the mining of underground coal mines, the phenomenon of roof suspension exists when the roof does not reach the limit caving length, especially during the process of gob-side entry retaining, the roof of the goaf cannot be effectively fractured and timely caved, resulting in large-area roof suspension, the roof that does not caved in time affects the stability of the gob-side entry, and the uncertainty of the roof suspension fracture causes a hurricane in the instant of fracture and caving, which greatly threatens the safety of the production personnel in the region.

[0003] At present, in the field of coal mines, in order to avoid the too long first weighting distance, the methods of loose blasting and hydraulic fracturing are generally used in the initial mining face for the large-area roof suspension, and in order to avoid the too long length of the roof suspension of the retained entry region during the process of gob-side entry retaining, the method of roof cutting is generally used, and the method of roof cutting generally uses continuous drilling energy-gathering blasting or chain arm saw to cut the roof, due to the uncertainty of the range of hydraulic fracturing, the limitation of the energy-gathering blasting free surface, the finiteness of the cutting depth of the chain arm saw and other factors, many roof cutting methods cannot be widely applied. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a hole rope structure's roof cutting pressure releasing device, which is used to solve the technical problem that many roof cutting methods cannot be widely applied due to the uncertainty of the range of hydraulic fracturing, the limitation of the energy-gathering blasting free surface, the finiteness of the cutting depth of the chain arm saw and other factors in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a using method of a hole rope structure's roof cutting pressure releasing device, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: according to the required roof cutting depth H and roof cutting half span S, the curve segment is calculated bending angle, curve segment bending strength, roof cutting half span S corresponding curve segment length and arc-shaped drilling trajectory top angle

[0007] S2: input the calculated related parameter data to the directional drilling tool, the directional drilling tool receives the data and generates a preset drilling trajectory of one span

[0008] S3: select the required drilling initial position D on the multilayer roof where the entry is located, drive the directional drilling tool to alternately drill along the extension direction of the entry according to the preset drilling trajectory, and obtain a plurality of first arc-shaped drillings and second arc-shaped drillings whose central axes are continuous Z-shaped staggered lines in three-dimensional space

[0009] S4: the wire saw is pulled through the drill hole and forms a closed loop path with the traction driving mechanism on the wire saw machine to cut the multi-layer roof and produce vertical fan-shaped cutting surfaces;

[0010] S5: the wire saw is pulled through the first arc-shaped drill hole and the second arc-shaped drill hole in sequence along the extension direction of the roadway to continuously cut the multi-layer roof, and first and second wire saw cut seams are obtained in linear array and staggered arrangement along the extension direction of the roadway, and a continuous cutting gap is formed along the extension direction of the roadway through the first and second wire saw cut seams arranged in staggered manner;

[0011] S6: along the excavation direction of the coal mine, the above steps are repeated every pre-set distance to cut the multi-layer roof.

[0012] As preferred, the first and second wire saw cut seams in S5 include a horizontal stagger distance and a vertical interlayer spacing.

[0013] As preferred, the length of the horizontal stagger distance Ds is in the range of S<Ds<S, and the length of the vertical interlayer spacing Dd is H / n.

[0014] As preferred, the staggered design of the first and second wire saw cut seams in S5 causes the stress shadow zones of adjacent cut seams to overlap, inducing the extension of cracks along the cut seam connecting line to form a macroscopically continuous weak surface and a weakened zone in the multi-layer roof.

[0015] As preferred, the width of the weakened zone is the length of the vertical interlayer spacing.

[0016] As preferred, the calculation formula in S1 is: curve segment Bending angle , curve segment bending strength , half-span S corresponding to the curve segment Length , top angle of the arc-shaped drill hole trajectory .

[0017] A roof cutting and pressure releasing device of a hole-wire structure, comprising a directional drilling tool, a wire saw, and a wire saw machine, the wire saw machine comprising a double-drive-wheel traction mechanism and a walking mechanism, the double-drive-wheel traction mechanism being in transmission connection with the wire saw and forming a closed loop cutting path.

[0018] As preferred, the walking mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged drive trolleys, and the top of each drive trolley is provided with a hydraulic tensioning wheel.

[0019] As preferred, the double-drive-wheel traction mechanism comprises two driving wheels, and each driving wheel is arranged on a drive trolley, and the driving wheels are driven to rotate by a motor.

[0020] As preferred, the directional drilling tool is a gyroscopic guide drill, the rope saw penetration uses a pneumatic launcher to launch the rope, and the rope saw is a diamond rope saw.

[0021] In the above technical scheme, the hole rope structure roof cutting and pressure releasing device has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The first rope saw cutting seam and the second rope saw cutting seam are designed to be staggered, the stress shadow areas of the adjacent cutting seams are overlapped, the local cutting is converted into macro-structure weakening through the cumulative effect of the lap amount and the staggered distance, the discrete cutting seams are converted into equivalent continuous cutting gaps, the macro-continuous fracture of the roof along the roadway direction is realized, the discrete cutting seams are converted into equivalent continuous weak surfaces, the crack is induced to expand along the cutting seam connecting line, the uniformity of the roof caving energy release and the controllability of the roof fracture are effectively improved, the roof can be completely cut off through continuous cutting, the overhanging length of the overhanging roof can be effectively reduced, and the limitation of the free surface in the energy-gathering blasting process is solved, so that the method can be widely applied.

[0023] 2. The directional drilling tool is used to alternately drill along the extension direction of the roadway, so that the connecting line of the central axes in the three-dimensional space is a plurality of first arc-shaped drill holes and second arc-shaped drill holes which are continuously staggered in Z shape, the first arc-shaped drill holes and the second arc-shaped drill holes belong to two parallel planes, and a Z-shaped cutting path is formed, the single operation coverage range is expanded, the roof caving risk is reduced, the traditional parallel drilling layout is broken through, a three-dimensional cutting network is formed, the roof weakening uniformity is improved, the roof fracture controllability is improved, compared with the blasting method and the splitting method, the large-diameter drilling is not needed through the directional arc-shaped drilling, so that the purpose of reducing the engineering quantity is achieved, and the cutting efficiency is effectively improved.

[0024] 3. The rope saw is arranged, after the drilling construction is completed, the rope saw passes through a single drill hole, and forms a closed loop path with a traction driving mechanism on the rope saw machine, the traction driving mechanism drives the rope saw to cut the multi-layer roof below the drill hole and forms a fan-shaped cutting surface, the purpose of cutting the roof is achieved through the traction transmission of the rope saw machine, the walking of the rope saw machine can change the contact effect of the rope saw and the roof rock stratum, the rope saw always maintains good contact with the lower roof during the cutting process, and meanwhile, the cutting depth can be adjusted through the depth and span of the roof to be cut through the cutting of the rope saw, so that the finiteness of the cutting depth of the chain arm saw when cutting the roof is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is the overall structure front view of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is the overall structure left view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 It is the overall structure top view of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the first arc-shaped drilling of the rope saw cutting;

[0030] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the first arc-shaped drilling of the rope saw further cutting;

[0031] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the rope saw through the second arc-shaped drilling;

[0032] Figure 7 It is the schematic diagram of the second arc-shaped drilling of the rope saw cutting;

[0033] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of the second arc-shaped drilling of the rope saw further cutting;

[0034] Figure 9 It is the schematic diagram of the rope saw alternate continuous cutting along the extension direction of the roadway;

[0035] Figure 10 It is the schematic diagram of the rope saw cutting completion;

[0036] Figure 11 It is the effect schematic diagram after the application of the present application;

[0037] Figure 12 It is the enlarged schematic diagram of M area

[0038] Figure 13 It is the schematic diagram of the arc-shaped drilling trajectory theoretical calculation in the present application.

[0039] Explanation of reference signs:

[0040] 1, first arc-shaped drill hole; 2, second arc-shaped drill hole; 3, rope saw; 4, rope saw machine; 5, first roof; 6, coal and rock stratum where the roadway is located; 7, second roof; 8, third roof; 9, roadway; 10, roof cutting area; 11, first rope saw cutting seam; 12, second rope saw cutting seam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0042] As shown in Figures 1-13 , a roof cutting and pressure releasing device of a hole rope structure includes the following steps:

[0043] S1: according to the required roof cutting depth H and the roof cutting half span S, the curve segment bending angle, curve segment bending strength, curve segment corresponding to the roof cutting half span S length and arc-shaped drill hole trajectory top angle;

[0044] Specifically, the calculation formula in S1 is: curve segment bending angle , curve segment bending strength , curve segment corresponding to the roof cutting half span S length , arc-shaped drill hole trajectory top angle . Due to geological characteristics, the geological section generally presents a layered arrangement, as shown in Figure 4 , the roof of the roadway 9 presents a first roof 5 covering the coal and rock stratum where the roadway is located 6, a second roof 7 covering the first roof 5, and a third roof 8 covering the second roof 7, which are multiple layers of roof. When the coal and rock stratum where the roadway is located 6 is mined, due to the phenomenon of overhanging roof when the roof does not reach the limit of the length of collapse, especially during the process of gob-side entry retaining, the roof of the goaf cannot be effectively fractured and timely collapsed, resulting in large-area overhanging, and the roof that does not collapse in time affects the stability of the gob-side entry, and the uncertainty of the fracture of the overhanging roof produces a hurricane at the moment of collapse, which poses a great threat to the safety of the production personnel in the area. Therefore, in the process of gob-side entry retaining, in order to avoid the length of the overhanging roof of the retained entry area being too long, the method of cutting the roof is generally used to shorten the length of the overhanging roof to ensure the stability of the gob-side entry.

[0045] Further, when cutting the multiple layers of roof, the multiple layers of roof at the corresponding position of the top of the roadway 9 are first scanned by a geological radar to determine the required roof cutting depth H and the roof cutting half span S of the multiple layers of roof at the corresponding position of the top of the roadway 9.

[0046] Further, according to the determined roof cutting depth H and roof cutting half span S, the determined data is substituted into the following mechanical model formula curve segment bending angle bending strength of the curved segment curved segment corresponding to the half-span S of the roof cutting length arc-shaped drilling trajectory top The curvature parameter is dynamically calculated through the above formula, so as to design an arc-shaped drilling path with a certain curvature, so as to realize accurate matching of the drilling path and the stress field of the multi-layer roof and improve the structural stability.

[0047] S2: input the calculated relevant parameter data to the directional drilling tool, and the directional drilling tool receives the data and generates a preset drilling trajectory of a span;

[0048] Specifically, the curvature parameter of the arc-shaped drilling path calculated by the above formula is input to the directional drilling tool, the directional drilling tool receives the data and generates a preset drilling trajectory of a span, and the arc-shaped path is designed through the bionic drilling track to simulate the natural fracture surface of the rock stratum, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing energy loss. The angle and the related parameters of the arc of the arc-shaped drilling can be calculated through the depth and the span of the roof cutting to meet the depth and the range of the roof cutting, and the uncertainty of the roof cutting depth caused by the lack of free surface in the energy-gathering blasting roof cutting process is solved.

[0049] S3: selecting a required drilling initial position D on the multi-layer roof where the roadway 9 is located, and driving the directional drilling tool to alternately drill along the extension direction of the roadway 9 according to the preset drilling trajectory, so as to obtain a plurality of first arc-shaped drillings 1 and second arc-shaped drillings 2 whose central axes are connected in a continuous Z-shaped staggered manner in three-dimensional space;

[0050] Specifically, after the directional drilling tool inputs the relevant parameters and obtains a preset drilling trajectory of a span, drilling construction is started, and a required drilling initial position D is selected on the multi-layer roof where the roadway 9 is located, and the directional drilling tool is driven to pass through the initial position D and drill along the extension direction of the roadway 9 according to the preset drilling trajectory of a span to obtain a first first arc-shaped drilling 1.

[0051] Further, a second drilling starting point is determined at a preset distance from the first first arc-shaped drilling 1 in the direction of the coal mine excavation, as shown in FIG. 8, and the second drilling starting point is spaced apart from the starting point D of the first arc-shaped drilling 1 along the extension direction of the roadway 9 at a preset distance to determine the second drilling starting point, as shown in FIG. 8. Figure 2 Figure 1 Further, a second drilling starting point is determined at a preset distance from the first first arc-shaped drilling 1 in the direction of the coal mine excavation, as shown in FIG. 8, and the second drilling starting point is spaced apart from the starting point D of the first arc-shaped drilling 1 along the extension direction of the roadway 9 at a preset distance to determine the second drilling starting point, as shown in FIG. 8.

[0052] ​Further, by analogy, the directional drilling tool is alternately drilled along the extension direction of the roadway 9, so as to obtain a plurality of first arc-shaped drillings 1 and second arc-shaped drillings 2 whose central axes are connected in a continuous Z-shaped staggered manner in the three-dimensional space, as shown in Figure 3 The first arc-shaped drillings 1 and the second arc-shaped drillings 2 belong to two parallel planes and form a Z-shaped cutting path and a continuous cutting roof area 10, so as to expand the coverage range of a single operation, reduce the risk of roof collapse, break through the traditional parallel drilling layout, form a three-dimensional cutting network, improve the uniformity of roof weakening, and improve the controllability of roof fracture. Compared with the blasting method and the splitting method, the directional arc-shaped drilling does not need large-diameter drilling to achieve the purpose of reducing the engineering quantity and effectively improving the cutting efficiency.

[0053] S4: The wire saw 3 is passed through the drillings and forms a closed loop path with the traction driving mechanism on the wire saw machine 4 to cut the multi-layer roof and produce vertical fan-shaped cutting surfaces;

[0054] Specifically, after the drilling construction is completed, the wire saw 3 is passed through a single drilling and forms a closed loop path with the traction driving mechanism on the wire saw machine 4. The traction driving mechanism drives the wire saw 3 to cut the multi-layer roof below the drilling and form a fan-shaped cutting surface. The traction transmission of the wire saw machine 4 achieves the purpose of cutting the roof. The movement of the wire saw machine 4 can change the contact effect of the wire saw 3 and the roof rock, so that the wire saw 3 always maintains good contact with the lower roof during the cutting process. At the same time, the cutting by the wire saw 3 can adjust the cutting depth according to the depth and span of the roof to be cut, solving the limitation of the cutting depth of the chain arm saw when cutting the roof.

[0055] S5: The wire saw 3 is passed through the first arc-shaped drilling 1 and the second arc-shaped drilling 2 in the extension direction of the roadway 9 under the traction of the wire saw machine 4 to continuously cut the multi-layer roof, so as to obtain the first wire saw cut seam 11 and the second wire saw cut seam 12 which are linearly arranged and staggered along the extension direction of the roadway 9, and the first wire saw cut seam 11 and the second wire saw cut seam 12 form a continuous cutting gap in the extension direction of the roadway 9 in a macroscopic manner;

[0056] Specifically, the wire saw 3 is first passed through the first first arc-shaped drilling 1 and cuts the roof below the drilling. After the cutting is completed, the wire saw 3 is passed through the first second arc-shaped drilling 2 and forms a closed loop path with the traction driving mechanism on the wire saw machine 4 to cut the roof below the first second arc-shaped drilling 2. Under the traction of the wire saw machine 4, the wire saw 3 is sequentially and alternately passed through the first arc-shaped drilling 1 and the second arc-shaped drilling 2 along the extension direction of the roadway 9 and alternately and continuously cuts the roof below the corresponding drilling, as shown in Figures 4 to 10The first and second wire saw cutting slots 11 and 12 are shown to form a linear array and are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the roof can be completely cut off by continuous cutting, the length of the suspended roof can be effectively reduced, and the limitation of the free surface in the process of energy-gathering blasting is solved.

[0057] Further, by the staggered design of the adjacent first and second wire saw cutting slots 11 and 12, the stress shadow areas of the adjacent cutting slots are overlapped, the local cutting is converted into macro-structure weakening through the cumulative effect of the lap amount and the staggered distance, so that the discrete cutting slots are converted into equivalent continuous cutting slots, the macro-continuous fracture of the roof along the direction of the roadway 9 is realized, the discrete cutting slots are converted into equivalent continuous weak surfaces, the cracks are induced to expand along the cutting slot connecting line, and the uniformity of the roof collapse energy release and the controllability of the roof fracture are effectively improved.

[0058] S6: Along the direction of the excavation of the coal mine, the above steps are repeated every preset distance to cut the multi-layer roof.

[0059] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the first and second wire saw cutting slots 11 and 12 in S5 include a horizontal staggered distance and a vertical layer spacing.

[0060] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the length Ds of the horizontal staggered distance ranges from S to 2S, and the length Dd of the vertical layer spacing is H / n.

[0061] Specifically, n is the number of roof layers, and by limiting the quantitative relationship between the staggered distance and the cutting depth, the traditional experience value method is broken through, and adaptive matching of the roof weakening effect and the mining scale is realized.

[0062] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the staggered design of the first and second wire saw cutting slots 11 and 12 in S5 causes the stress shadow areas of the adjacent cutting slots to overlap, induces the cracks to expand along the cutting slot connecting line, forms a macro-continuous weak surface, and forms a weakened zone in the multi-layer roof.

[0063] Specifically, by limiting the continuous Z-shaped stagger of the drilling axis and coupling with the staggered distance, the first and second wire saw cutting slots 11 and 12 form a weakened zone in the roof, covering the main stress concentration area of the roof.

[0064] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the width of the weakened zone is the length of the vertical layer spacing.

[0065] A roof cutting and pressure releasing device of a hole rope structure, comprising a directional drilling tool, a wire saw 3, and a wire saw machine 4, the wire saw machine 4 comprises a double-drive-wheel traction mechanism and a walking mechanism, and the double-drive-wheel traction mechanism is in transmission connection with the wire saw 3 and forms a closed-loop cutting path.

[0066] Specifically, the rope saw 3 passes through a single drill hole and forms a closed loop path with a double drive wheel traction mechanism on the rope saw machine 4, the double drive wheel traction mechanism drives the rope saw 3 to cut the multi-layer roof below the drill hole and forms a fan-shaped cutting surface, and the rope saw machine 4 achieves the purpose of cutting the roof through traction transmission, the rope saw machine 4 is tractioned through a walking mechanism, and the cutting is performed through the rope saw 3, the cutting depth can be adjusted according to the depth and span of the top to be cut, and the limitation of the cutting depth of the chain arm saw when cutting the top is solved.

[0067] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the walking mechanism comprises two driving trolleys symmetrically arranged, and the driving trolleys are provided with hydraulic tensioning wheels at the top.

[0068] Specifically, during the cutting process of the rope saw 3, the two driving trolleys move towards each other, and during the movement, the hydraulic tensioning wheels and the gradually smaller cutting roof always maintain a tensioning state, and the contact effect of the rope saw 3 and the roof rock stratum is changed, so that the rope saw 3 always maintains good contact with the lower roof during the cutting process.

[0069] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the double drive wheel traction mechanism comprises two driving wheels, which are arranged on the two driving trolleys respectively, and the driving wheels are driven to rotate by a motor.

[0070] Specifically, the double drive wheel driving cutting is less likely to slip compared with single wheel driving.

[0071] As a further embodiment of the utility model, the directional drilling tool is a gyroscope guide drilling machine, the rope saw 3 uses a pneumatic launcher to launch the rope, and the rope saw 3 is a diamond rope saw.

[0072] The above only describes some exemplary embodiments of the utility model by way of illustration, and it is needless to say that the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model for ordinary skilled persons in the art. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the utility model claims.

Claims

1. A top-cutting and pressure-relieving device with a perforated rope structure, characterized in that, It includes a directional drilling tool, a wire saw (3), and a wire saw machine (4). The wire saw machine (4) includes a dual-drive wheel traction mechanism and a walking mechanism. The dual-drive wheel traction mechanism is connected to the wire saw (3) in a transmission and forms a closed-loop cutting path.

2. The top-cutting and pressure-relieving device with a perforated rope structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The walking mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged drive trolleys, and a hydraulic tensioning wheel is provided on the top of each drive trolley.

3. The top-cutting and pressure-relieving device with a perforated rope structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-drive wheel traction mechanism includes two drive wheels, which are respectively mounted on two drive trolleys. The drive wheels are driven to rotate by a motor.

4. The top-cutting and pressure-relieving device with a perforated rope structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The directional drilling tool is a gyroscope-guided drilling machine, and the wire saw (3) is guided by a pneumatic launcher to launch the guide wire. The wire saw (3) is a diamond wire saw.

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