Rock shearing multi-strain-rate effect test device and method

Abstract

According to the rock shearing multi-strain-rate effect test device and method, the contact angle between a rock sample and a creep load loading system or an impact disturbance applying system is adjusted through a rock clamp, and then the shearing angle of the rock sample is adjusted so as to be used for simulating different occurrence angles of a rock body; a creep load is applied to the rock sample through the creep load loading control system and is used for simulating a long-time creep damage effect of a rock body; a rock sample in a rock clamp is subjected to dynamic impact through an impact disturbance applying system so as to simulate dynamic fatigue damage of impact disturbance to a rock mass, and in the embodiment, under the combined action of a rock shearing clamp, a creep load loading control system, the impact disturbance applying system and a temperature control and regulation system, the dynamic fatigue damage of the rock mass caused by the impact disturbance can be simulated. The device can simulate the shearing mechanical response of a rock mass under long-term creep, dynamic impact and temperature alternation, realizes multi-strain-rate and multi-angle shearing mechanical characteristic detection of a rock sample, and provides an experimental basis for fault activation mechanism research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of rock mechanical property testing, and specifically relates to a rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device and method. Background Art

[0002] During the process of mine exploitation, disasters such as slope landslides and roof collapses seriously threaten the safety of mine personnel and machinery. Disasters such as slope landslides and roof collapses are often induced by fault activation. During the exploitation process, impact disturbances such as mechanical excavation and blasting vibration have an important impact on the activation of rock mass faults. During the deep underground mining process, the rock mass is in a long-term creep state and is frequently affected by blasting shocks; during the alpine open-pit mining process, the rock mass is also affected by freeze-thaw cycles; over time, the creep damage of the rock mass around the fault continues to accumulate, the impact disturbance causes dynamic fatigue damage to the rock mass, and the freeze-thaw cycle promotes the intensification of fault activation, which will further lead to disasters. However, the existing shear testing machines can only simulate static load or dynamic load singly, and cannot couple creep, impact disturbance and temperature change, resulting in a large deviation between the experimental data and the actual engineering environment; traditional temperature control methods are difficult to achieve rapid heating and cooling and freeze-thaw cycles, and cannot meet the simulation requirements of deep underground or alpine open-pit mining. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device. Conducting rock shear tests at multiple strain rates and from multiple angles under different temperature effects is of great significance for exploring the slip of faults induced by temperature and impact disturbance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device. Through the combined action of a rock shear fixture, a creep load loading and control system, an impact disturbance applying system and a temperature control and regulation system, the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device can simulate the shear mechanical response of the rock mass under long-term creep, dynamic impact and temperature alternation, and provide an experimental basis for the research on the fault activation mechanism. [[ID=!5]]

[0004] An embodiment of this application provides a rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device, including:

[0005] A creep load loading system, configured to apply a creep load to a rock sample;

[0006] An impact disturbance applying system, configured to apply an impact disturbance to the rock sample;

[0007] A rock fixture, configured to adjust the contact angle between the rock sample and the creep load loading system or the impact disturbance applying system, so as to change the angle of the creep load applied by the creep load loading system to the rock sample or the angle of the impact disturbance applied by the impact disturbance applying system to the rock sample.

[0008] Further, in this embodiment, the rock fixture includes a first outer tooth box, a second outer tooth box, a first inner tooth box, and a second inner tooth box. The first inner tooth box and the second inner tooth box are arranged opposite to each other and form a clamping cavity for clamping and fixing the rock sample. The first outer tooth box is arranged at the output end of the impact disturbance applying system, and the second outer tooth box is arranged at the output end of the creep load applying system. The first outer tooth box and the second outer tooth box are arranged opposite to each other and form a rotation cavity therebetween. The first inner tooth box and the second inner tooth box are rotatably arranged in the rotation cavity.

[0009] Further, in this embodiment, tooth teeth are provided on the outer side walls of the first inner tooth box and the second inner tooth box, and tooth grooves adapted to the tooth teeth are provided on the inner side walls of the first outer tooth box and the second outer tooth box. The first inner tooth box is meshed with the first outer tooth box through the tooth teeth, and the second inner tooth box is meshed with the second outer tooth box through the tooth teeth.

[0010] Further, in this embodiment, the impact disturbance applying system includes:

[0011] A lifting frame:

[0012] An impact conduction member, the impact conduction member is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting frame, and one end of the impact conduction member is in contact with the rock sample;

[0013] An impact hammer, the impact hammer is slidably arranged on the lifting frame and is used to apply an impact force to the other end of the impact conduction member;

[0014] A lifting device for driving the impact hammer to move in a direction away from the impact conduction member;

[0015] A release device, the impact hammer is connected to the lifting device through the release device, and the release device is used to control the connection or disconnection between the impact hammer and the lifting device.

[0016] Further, in this embodiment, the release device is an electromagnetic adsorption device.

[0017] Further, in this embodiment, the impact disturbance applying system includes a normal impact disturbance applying system and a tangential impact disturbance applying system;

[0018] Wherein,

[0019] The normal impact disturbance applying system is used to apply a normal impact disturbance to the rock sample;

[0020] The tangential impact disturbance applying system is used to apply a tangential impact disturbance to the rock sample;

[0021] The direction of the normal impact disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of the tangential impact disturbance.

[0022] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the creep load loading system includes a normal creep load loading system and a tangential creep load loading system;

[0023] Wherein,

[0024] The normal creep load loading system is used to apply a normal creep load to the rock sample;

[0025] The tangential creep load loading system is used to apply a tangential creep load to the rock sample;

[0026] The direction of the normal creep load is perpendicular to the direction of the tangential creep load.

[0027] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a temperature regulation system is further included, and the temperature regulation system is used to regulate the ambient temperature of the rock sample.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an isolation heat preservation box is further included, and the rock sample is placed in the isolation heat preservation box.

[0029] This application also provides a test method for the multi-strain rate effect of rock shear, which applies the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device described in any one of the above, including:

[0030] Obtain a rock sample and fix the rock sample in a rock fixture;

[0031] Control the creep load loading system and the impact disturbance applying system to apply a creep load and an impact disturbance to the rock sample respectively, and obtain the creep load amount and displacement deformation amount when the creep load loading system applies a creep load to the rock sample, and the impact stress wave when the impact disturbance applying system applies an impact disturbance to the rock sample;

[0032] Adjust the contact angle between the rock sample and the creep load loading system or the impact disturbance applying system through the rock fixture, and control the creep load loading system and the impact disturbance applying system to apply a creep load and an impact disturbance to the rock sample respectively, so as to obtain the creep load amount, displacement deformation amount and impact stress wave at different contact angles;

[0033] Analyze the creep load amount, displacement deformation amount and impact stress wave at different contact angles to obtain the shear mechanical properties of the rock specimen at multi-strain rates and multi-angles.

[0034] Beneficial effects: The present application provides a test device and method for the multi-strain rate effect of rock shear. By adjusting the contact angle between the rock sample and the creep load loading system or the impact disturbance application system through the rock fixture, the shear angle of the rock sample is further adjusted to simulate different occurrence angles of rock masses. By applying creep load to the rock sample through the creep load loading control system, it is used to simulate the long-term creep damage effect of rock masses. By applying dynamic impact to the rock sample in the rock fixture through the impact disturbance application system, it is used to simulate the dynamic fatigue damage caused by impact disturbance to rock masses. In this embodiment, under the combined action of the rock shear fixture, the creep load loading control system, the impact disturbance application system, and the temperature control and adjustment system, the shear mechanical response of rock masses under long-term creep, dynamic impact, and temperature alternation can be simulated, and the detection of the shear mechanical properties of rock samples at multi-strain rates and multi-angles can be realized, providing an experimental basis for the research on the fault activation mechanism. Description of the Drawings

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings used in the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the test device for the multi-strain rate effect of rock shear in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 For the present application Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part A;

[0038] Figure 3 For the present application Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part B;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present application Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part C;

[0040] Figure 5 For the present application Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of part D.

[0041] Description of the reference numerals:

[0042] 1. Creep load loading system;

[0043] 11. Normal creep load loading system; 12. Tangential creep load loading system;

[0044] 13. First electro-hydraulic servo machine; 14. Second electro-hydraulic servo machine; 15. Hydraulic pipeline;

[0045] 16. Axial hydraulic loading device; 17. Transverse hydraulic loading device;

[0046] 2. Impact disturbance application system;

[0047] 21. Normal impact disturbance application system; 22. Tangential impact disturbance application system; 23. Lifting frame;

[0048] 24. Impact conduction member; 25. Impact hammer; 26. Lifting device; 27. Release device;

[0049] 3. Rock sample;

[0050] 4. Rock fixture; 41. First external tooth box; 42. Second external tooth box; 43. First internal tooth box;

[0051] 44. Second internal tooth box;

[0052] 5. Temperature regulation system; 51. Cooling and heating exchanger; 52. Medium conduit; 53. Temperature measuring instrument;

[0053] 6. Isolation heat preservation box. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and thus are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means more than two unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0057] References to "embodiments" in this specification mean that specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this text generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] During the process of mine exploitation, disasters such as slope landslides and roof collapses seriously threaten the safety of mine personnel and machinery. Disasters such as slope landslides and roof collapses are often induced by fault activation. Impact disturbances such as mechanical excavation and blasting vibration during the exploitation process have an important impact on the activation of rock mass faults. During the deep underground exploitation process, the rock mass is in a creep state for a long time and is frequently affected by blasting shocks; during the alpine open-pit exploitation process, the rock mass is also affected by freeze-thaw cycles; over time, the creep damage of the rock mass around the fault continues to accumulate, the impact disturbance causes the rock mass to generate dynamic fatigue damage, and the freeze-thaw cycle promotes the intensification of fault activation, which will further lead to disasters. However, the existing shear testing machines can only simulate static load or dynamic load singly, and cannot couple creep, impact disturbance and temperature change, resulting in a large deviation between the experimental data and the actual engineering environment; traditional temperature control methods are difficult to achieve rapid heating and cooling and freeze-thaw cycles, and cannot meet the simulation requirements of deep underground or alpine open-pit exploitation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device. Conducting rock shear tests at multiple strain rates and multiple angles under different temperature effects is of great significance for exploring the slip of faults induced by temperature and impact disturbance.

[0063] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present application provides a rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device. Under the combined action of a rock fixture 4, a creep load loading control system, and an impact disturbance applying system 2, the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device can simulate the shear mechanical response of a rock mass under long-term creep and dynamic impact, providing an experimental basis for the study of fault activation mechanism.

[0064] As Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device provided by an embodiment of the present application, including a creep load loading system 1 for applying a creep load to a rock sample 3, an impact disturbance applying system 2 for applying an impact disturbance to the rock sample 3, and a rock fixture 4 for fixing the rock sample 3 and capable of adjusting the contact angle between the rock sample 3 and the creep load loading system 1 or the impact disturbance applying system 2.

[0065] Specifically, in this embodiment, the contact angle between the rock sample 3 and the creep load loading system 1 or the impact disturbance applying system 2 is adjusted through the rock fixture 4, and then the shear angle of the rock sample 3 is adjusted to simulate different occurrence angles of the rock mass; a creep load is applied to the rock sample 3 through the creep load loading control system to simulate the long-term creep damage effect of the rock mass; a dynamic impact is applied to the rock sample 3 in the rock fixture 4 through the impact disturbance applying system 2 to simulate the dynamic fatigue damage generated by the impact disturbance on the rock mass; therefore, in this embodiment, under the combined action of the rock fixture 4, the creep load loading control system, and the impact disturbance applying system 2, the detection of the shear mechanical properties of the rock sample 3 at multiple strain rates and multiple angles is realized.

[0066] Exemplarily, during the use of this embodiment, it includes:

[0067] S1. Obtain a rock sample 3 with a square standard by processing a rock sample taken from a mine, and fix the rock sample 3 in a rock fixture 4.

[0068] S2. Control the creep load loading system 1 and the impact disturbance applying system 2 to apply a creep load and an impact disturbance to the rock sample 3 respectively. When the creep load loading system 1 applies a creep load to the rock sample 3, obtain the creep load amount and the displacement deformation amount when the creep load loading system 1 applies a creep load to the rock sample 3; when the impact disturbance applying system 2 applies an impact disturbance to the rock sample 3, obtain the impact stress wave when the impact disturbance applying system 2 applies an impact disturbance to the rock sample 3.

[0069] S3. Adjust the contact angle between the rock sample 3 and the creep load loading system 1 or the impact disturbance applying system 2 through the rock fixture 4, and then adjust the shear angle of the rock sample 3 to simulate different occurrence angles of the rock mass. Control the creep load loading system 1 and the impact disturbance applying system 2 to apply a creep load and an impact disturbance to the rock sample 3 with different occurrence angles respectively, so as to obtain the creep load amount, the displacement deformation amount and the impact stress wave of the rock sample 3 with different occurrence angles.

[0070] S4. Analyze the creep load amount, the displacement deformation amount and the impact stress wave of the rock sample 3 with different occurrence angles to obtain the shear mechanical properties of the rock sample 3 at multiple strain rates and multiple angles.

[0071] Furthermore, as Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, the rock fixture 4 includes a first outer tooth box 41, a second outer tooth box 42, a first inner tooth box 43 and a second inner tooth box 44. The first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44 are arranged opposite to each other and form a clamping cavity for clamping and fixing the rock sample 3. The first outer tooth box 41 is arranged at the output end of the impact disturbance applying system 2, the second outer tooth box 42 is arranged at the output end of the creep load loading system 1. The first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42 are arranged opposite to each other and form a rotation cavity between the first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42. The first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44 are rotatably arranged in the rotation cavity. In this embodiment, the first outer tooth box 41, the second outer tooth box 42, the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44 are spliced to form a boxed structure to fix the rock sample 3. At the same time, the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44 are rotatably arranged in the first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42. By rotating the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44, the shear angle of the rock sample 3 is adjusted, and then different occurrence angles of the rock mass are simulated.

[0072] It should be noted that in this embodiment, there are gaps between the first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42, and between the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44. It can be understood that when the creep load loading system 1 or the impact disturbance applying system 2 applies a creep load or an impact disturbance to the rock sample 3, there will be no movement interference between the first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42, nor will there be movement interference between the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44.

[0073] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the outer side walls of the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44 are provided with teeth, and the inner side walls of the first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42 are provided with tooth grooves adapted to the teeth. The first inner tooth box 43 is meshed with the first outer tooth box 41 through the teeth, and the second inner tooth box 44 is meshed with the second outer tooth box 42 through the teeth. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the inner tooth box composed of the first inner tooth box 43 and the second inner tooth box 44, and the outer tooth box composed of the first outer tooth box 41 and the second outer tooth box 42 are connected by teeth. This can not only ensure the stability of the connection between the inner tooth box and the outer tooth box, but also more accurately control the rotation angle when adjusting the shear angle of the rock sample 3.

[0074] Furthermore, during underground mining, the structural planes in the rock mass are in a state of superposition of static and dynamic loads, that is, the response of the structural planes in the rock mass under the superposition of static loads (original rock stress) and dynamic loads (blasting vibration, mechanical vibration or rock burst induced by mining activities, etc.). The static load refers to the continuous load formed by the original in-situ stress field and the redistribution of rock mass stress after mining. The rock mass undergoes creep under the action of a constant static load. When mechanical construction or blasting disturbance occurs, the instantaneous or periodic load generated by blasting vibration, mechanical rock drilling, rock mass fracture instability, etc. is the dynamic load. In this embodiment, a constant load is continuously applied to the rock sample 3 through the creep load loading system 1 to simulate the continuous static load formed by the original in-situ stress field received by the rock, and an impact disturbance is applied to the rock sample 3 through the impact disturbance applying system 2 to simulate the instantaneous or periodic dynamic load generated by reasons such as blasting vibration, mechanical rock drilling, and rock mass fracture instability.

[0075] Secondly, the static load on the rock mass can be decomposed into the static loads along the tangential and normal directions of the structural plane; when there is mechanical construction or blasting disturbance, the generated dynamic load can be decomposed into the dynamic loads along the tangential and normal directions of the structural plane. Under different static load conditions of the rock mass, the disturbance induction conditions of the dynamic load are not the same. When the normal static load is small and the tangential static load is large, the dynamic disturbance induction threshold for shear instability is the lowest; conversely, when the normal static load is large and the tangential static load is small, the dynamic disturbance induction threshold for shear instability is the highest. Therefore, in this embodiment, a normal creep load and a tangential creep load are applied to the rock sample 3 through the creep load loading system 1 to simulate the long-term creep damage effect of the rock mass; a normal dynamic impact and a tangential dynamic impact are applied to the rock sample 3 in the rock fixture 4 through the impact disturbance applying system 2 to simulate the dynamic fatigue damage caused by the impact disturbance to the rock mass. Through the creep load loading system 1 and the impact disturbance applying system 2, the stress environment and state during the underground mining process are simulated, and the unstable sliding behavior of the rock structural plane is reproduced, providing an experimental basis for the study of the fault activation mechanism.

[0076] Exemplarily, as Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the impact disturbance applying system 2 includes a normal impact disturbance applying system 21 and a tangential impact disturbance applying system 22.

[0077] Among them, the normal impact disturbance applying system 21 is used to apply a normal impact disturbance to the rock sample 3; the tangential impact disturbance applying system 22 is used to apply a tangential impact disturbance to the rock sample 3; the direction of the normal impact disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of the tangential impact disturbance. By applying a normal dynamic impact and a tangential dynamic impact to the rock sample 3 through the normal impact disturbance applying system 21 and the tangential impact disturbance applying system 22 respectively, the stress environment and state during the underground mining process are simulated more realistically, and by controlling the application of the normal and tangential dynamic impacts during the test process and monitoring the dynamic stress wave, the biaxial impact failure law of the rock sample 3 can be determined finally through the dynamic stress wave information obtained from the test.

[0078] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the impact disturbance applying system 2 includes: a lifting frame 23, an impact conductor 24, an impact hammer 25, a lifting device 26, and a release device 27. Among them, the impact conductor 24 is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting frame 23, and one end of the impact conductor 24 is in contact with the rock sample 3; the impact hammer 25 is slidably arranged on the lifting frame 23 and is used to apply an impact force to the other end of the impact conductor 24; the lifting device 26 is used to drive the impact hammer 25 to move away from the impact conductor 24; the impact hammer 25 is connected to the lifting device 26 through the release device 27, and the release device 27 is used to control the connection or disconnection between the impact hammer 25 and the lifting device 26.

[0079] During use, the impact hammer 25 is driven by the lifting device 26 to move away from the impact transmission member 24 (i.e., the top of the lifting frame 23), and the impact hammer 25 is lifted to a certain height. When the connection between the impact hammer 25 and the lifting device 26 is controlled by the release device 27, the impact hammer 25 drops towards the bottom end of the lifting frame 23 under the action of gravity and impacts the impact transmission member 24 at the bottom end of the lifting frame 23. At this time, the impact transmission member 24 transmits the impact force generated when the impact hammer 25 contacts the impact transmission member 24 to the rock sample 3, thereby applying a normal dynamic impact or a tangential dynamic impact to the rock sample 3.

[0080] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the release device 27 is an electromagnetic adsorption device. It can be understood that the core of the electromagnetic adsorption device is the magnetic response between the electromagnet and the ferromagnetic material. When the coil is energized, the iron core is magnetized and generates a strong magnetic field to adsorb the magnetic conductive object; when the power is off, the magnetic field immediately disappears and the adsorption force returns to zero, achieving instantaneous release. In this embodiment, through the release device 27, the normal impact disturbance application system 21 and the tangential impact disturbance application system 22 can simultaneously apply normal impact disturbance and tangential impact disturbance to the rock sample 3, thereby more realistically simulating the stress environment and state during the mining process.

[0081] Exemplarily, as Figure 4 shown, in this embodiment, the creep load loading system 1 includes a normal creep load loading system 11 and a tangential creep load loading system 12.

[0082] Among them, the normal creep load loading system 11 is used to apply a normal creep load to the rock sample 3; the tangential creep load loading system 12 is used to apply a tangential creep load to the rock sample 3; the direction of the normal creep load is perpendicular to the direction of the tangential creep load. In this embodiment, through the normal creep load loading system 11 and the tangential creep load loading system 12, a continuous tangential creep load and a normal creep load are applied to the rock sample 3, and the normal and tangential creep loads and displacement deformation amounts during the test process are controlled and monitored. Finally, the biaxial creep shear failure law of the rock sample 3 can be determined based on the load and displacement information obtained from the shear test.

[0083] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the creep load loading system 1 includes a hydraulic oil tank, a first electro-hydraulic servo machine 13, a second electro-hydraulic servo machine 14, a creep load control and signal processing system, a hydraulic pipeline 15, an axial hydraulic loading device 16, and a lateral hydraulic loading device 17; the second outer tooth box 42 of the rock fixture 4 is in close contact with the loading ends of the axial hydraulic loading device 16 and the lateral hydraulic loading device 17. The axial hydraulic loading device 16 is used to continuously apply a normal creep load to the rock sample 3, and the lateral hydraulic loading device 17 is used to continuously apply a tangential creep load to the rock sample 3. The creep load control and signal processing system can control and monitor the normal and tangential creep loads and displacement deformations during the shear test.

[0084] In this embodiment, the rock fixture 4 is fixed by the axial and lateral hydraulic loading devices. The first electro-hydraulic servo machine extracts hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank and pumps it through the hydraulic pipeline to the axial hydraulic loading device, enabling the axial hydraulic loading device to continuously apply a normal creep load to the rock sample 3. The second electro-hydraulic servo machine extracts hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank and pumps it through the hydraulic pipeline to the lateral hydraulic loading device, enabling the lateral hydraulic loading device to continuously apply a tangential creep load to the rock sample 3. During the process of the axial and lateral hydraulic loading devices applying loads to the rock sample 3, the creep load control and signal processing system controls and monitors the normal and tangential creep loads and displacement deformations during the test. Finally, the load and displacement information obtained through the shear test can be used to determine the biaxial creep shear failure law of the rock sample 3.

[0085] Further, as Figure 5 shown, in this embodiment, a temperature regulation system 5 is further included. The temperature regulation system 5 is used to regulate the ambient temperature of the rock sample 3. By regulating the ambient temperature of the rock sample 3 through the temperature regulation system 5, the temperature environment in which the rock mass occurs is simulated, and under the combined action of the rock fixture 4, the creep load loading system 1, the impact disturbance application system 2, and the temperature control and regulation system, the multi-strain rate and multi-angle shear mechanical properties of the rock sample 3 under different temperature environments are detected.

[0086] In this embodiment, an isolation and heat preservation box 6 is further included. The rock sample 3 is placed in the isolation and heat preservation box, so that the rock sample 3 can always be maintained at a predetermined temperature during the shear test, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0087] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the temperature regulation system 5 includes a driving motor, a cooling and heating exchanger 51, a medium conduit 52, a temperature measuring instrument 53, and a temperature monitoring and control system; the rock fixture 4 is arranged in the isolation and heat preservation box 6, one end of the medium conduit is arranged in the isolation and heat preservation box 6 and the other end is connected to the cooling and heating exchanger, the driving motor is connected to the cooling and heating exchanger to drive the liquid medium to flow in the medium conduit, the temperature measuring instrument is arranged in the isolation and heat preservation box 6 and connected to the temperature monitoring and control system, and the temperature monitoring and control system can accurately control and monitor the temperature in the isolation and heat preservation layer.

[0088] In this embodiment, by arranging the rock fixture 4 in the isolation and heat preservation box 6, the rock sample 3 can always be maintained at a predetermined temperature during the shear test, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data. By heating or cooling the liquid medium through the cooling and heating exchanger and driving the liquid medium to circulate in the medium conduit by the driving motor, the temperature in the isolation and heat preservation layer can be accurately controlled and adjusted according to requirements, so as to achieve the effect of simultaneously simulating high temperature, low temperature, and freeze-thaw cycle environments. By using the temperature measuring instrument to detect the actual temperature in the isolation and heat preservation layer in real time, the environmental temperature in which the rock sample 3 is stored can be more accurately simulated, further improving the accuracy of the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device when testing the shear mechanical properties of rocks. The temperature monitoring and control system accurately controls the temperature environment required during the rock shear test process and monitors the temperature in real time.

[0089] The present application also provides a rock shear multi-strain rate effect test method, which applies the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device described in any one of the above, including:

[0090] Obtain the rock sample 3 and fix the rock sample 3 in the rock fixture 4;

[0091] Control the creep load loading system 1 and the impact disturbance applying system 2 to apply creep load and impact disturbance to the rock sample 3 respectively, and obtain the creep load amount and displacement deformation amount when the creep load loading system 1 applies creep load to the rock sample 3, and the impact stress wave when the impact disturbance applying system 2 applies impact disturbance to the rock sample 3.

[0092] Adjust the contact angle between the rock sample 3 and the creep load loading system 1 or the impact disturbance applying system 2 through the rock fixture 4, and control the creep load loading system 1 and the impact disturbance applying system 2 to apply creep load and impact disturbance to the rock sample 3 respectively, so as to obtain the creep load amount, displacement deformation amount, and impact stress wave at different contact angles.

[0093] Analyze the creep load amount, displacement deformation amount, and impact stress wave at different contact angles to obtain the shear mechanical properties of the rock sample 3 at multi-strain rates and multi-angles.

[0094] Specifically, the usage method of the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device is as follows:

[0095] Step 1: Obtain a rock sample from a mine and process it into a square standard rock sample 3. The top / second outer gear box 42 and the top / bottom inner gear box are connected and installed at a specific angle through a gear groove and a gear. Place the bottom of the rock sample 3 on the bottom inner gear box, and the top of the rock sample 3 is in close contact with the top inner gear box to complete the installation of the rock sample 3 and the rock fixture 4;

[0096] Step 2: Place the bottom of the rock fixture 4 on the axial hydraulic loading device. The lower left side of the rock fixture 4 is in close contact with the transverse hydraulic loading device. Place an axial rigid cushion block on the top of the rock fixture 4, and the upper right side of the rock fixture 4 is in close contact with the transverse rigid cushion block. Control the first electro-hydraulic servo motor through the creep load control and signal processing system to draw hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank and pump it into the axial hydraulic loading device through the hydraulic pipeline, so that the axial hydraulic loading device can continuously apply a normal creep load to the rock sample 3. Control the second electro-hydraulic servo motor through the creep load control and signal processing system to draw hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank and pump it into the transverse hydraulic loading device through the hydraulic pipeline, so that the transverse hydraulic loading device can continuously apply a tangential creep load to the rock sample 3. Control and monitor the normal and tangential creep loads and displacement deformation during the test through the creep load control and signal processing system;

[0097] Step 3: Control the electromagnetic switch in the impact control and signal monitoring system to make the electromagnetic device suck up the drop hammer device. Lift the electromagnetic device to a certain height through the winding and contraction of the steel wire rope. Control the electromagnetic switch in the impact control and signal monitoring system to make the electromagnetic device lose its magnetic attraction ability to realize the falling impact of the drop hammer device. The drop hammer device falls and impacts the rigid impact conduction rod, and the impact stress wave is conducted through the rigid impact conduction rod and acts on the rock sample 3 to realize the application of normal or tangential dynamic impact on the rock sample 3. Monitor the application of normal and tangential dynamic impacts during the test process and monitor the dynamic stress wave;

[0098] Step 4: Control the cooling and heating exchanger and the drive motor, adjust the temperature of the liquid medium in the medium conduit and drive the liquid medium to circulate in the medium conduit. Raise / lower the temperature through the medium conduit arranged inside the isolation and heat preservation layer. Real-time detect the actual temperature inside the isolation and heat preservation layer through the temperature measuring instrument to more accurately simulate the ambient temperature where the rock sample 3 is stored. When the temperature of the rock sample 3 reaches the temperature preset value required for the shear test, precisely control the cooling and heating exchanger and the drive motor through the temperature monitoring and control system to maintain the temperature environment required during the rock shear test and monitor the temperature in real time;

[0099] Step 5: Monitor the normal and tangential creep loads and displacement deformation during the test through the creep load control and signal processing system, monitor the normal and tangential dynamic impact stress waves during the test through the impact control and signal monitoring system, and monitor the ambient temperature during the rock shear test through the temperature monitoring and control system, so as to clearly analyze the multi-strain rate and multi-angle shear mechanical properties of the rock sample 3 under different temperature environments.

[0100] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments with the same structure and the same effect as the technical idea within the scope of the technical solution of this application are all included in the technical scope of this application. In addition, within the scope of not departing from the gist of this application, various deformations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art are imposed on the embodiments, and other ways constructed by combining some constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A test device for the multi-strain rate effect of rock shear, characterized in that Comprising: A creep load loading system for applying a creep load to a rock sample; An impact disturbance applying system for applying an impact disturbance to the rock sample; A rock fixture for adjusting the contact angle between the rock sample and the creep load loading system or the impact disturbance applying system, so as to change the creep load applied by the creep load loading system to the rock sample or the angle of the impact disturbance applied by the impact disturbance applying system to the rock sample.

2. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock fixture includes a first outer tooth box, a second outer tooth box, a first inner tooth box and a second inner tooth box. The first inner tooth box and the second inner tooth box are arranged opposite to each other and form a clamping cavity for clamping and fixing the rock sample. The first outer tooth box is arranged at the output end of the impact disturbance applying system, the second outer tooth box is arranged at the output end of the creep load loading system. The first outer tooth box and the second outer tooth box are arranged opposite to each other and form a rotation cavity between the first outer tooth box and the second outer tooth box. The first inner tooth box and the second inner tooth box are rotatably arranged in the rotation cavity.

3. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 2, wherein, Tooth teeth are provided on the outer side walls of the first inner tooth box and the second inner tooth box, and tooth grooves adapted to the tooth teeth are provided on the inner side walls of the first outer tooth box and the second outer tooth box. The first inner tooth box is engaged with the first outer tooth box through the tooth teeth, and the second inner tooth box is engaged with the second outer tooth box through the tooth teeth.

4. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 1, characterized in that The impact disturbance applying system includes: A lifting frame: An impact conduction member, the impact conduction member is arranged at the bottom end of the lifting frame, and one end of the impact conduction member is in contact with the rock sample; An impact hammer, the impact hammer is slidably arranged on the lifting frame for applying an impact force to the other end of the impact conduction member; A lifting device for driving the impact hammer to move in a direction away from the impact conduction member; A release device, the impact hammer is connected to the lifting device through the release device, and the release device is used to control the connection or disconnection between the impact hammer and the lifting device.

5. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 4, wherein The release device is an electromagnetic adsorption device.

6. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact disturbance applying system includes a normal impact disturbance applying system and a tangential impact disturbance applying system; Wherein, The normal impact disturbance applying system is used to apply a normal impact disturbance to the rock sample; The tangential impact disturbance applying system is used to apply a tangential impact disturbance to the rock sample; The direction of the normal impact disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of the tangential impact disturbance.

7. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The creep load loading system includes a normal creep load loading system and a tangential creep load loading system; Wherein, The normal creep load loading system is used to apply a normal creep load to the rock sample; The tangential creep load loading system is used to apply a tangential creep load to the rock sample; The direction of the normal creep load is perpendicular to the direction of the tangential creep load.

8. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a temperature regulation system for regulating the ambient temperature of the rock sample.

9. The rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device according to claim 8, characterized in that It further includes an isolation heat preservation box, and the rock sample is placed in the isolation heat preservation box.

10. A test method for the multi-strain rate effect of rock shear, which applies the rock shear multi-strain rate effect test device described in any one of claims 1-9, is characterized in that, Comprising: Obtain a rock sample and fix the rock sample in a rock fixture; The creep load loading system and the impact disturbance applying system are respectively used to apply creep load and impact disturbance to the rock sample, and the creep load amount and displacement deformation amount when the creep load loading system applies creep load to the rock sample, as well as the impact stress wave when the impact disturbance applying system applies impact disturbance to the rock sample are obtained; The contact angle between the rock sample and the creep load loading system or the impact disturbance applying system is adjusted by the rock fixture, and the creep load loading system and the impact disturbance applying system are respectively used to apply creep load and impact disturbance to the rock sample, so as to obtain the creep load amount, displacement deformation amount and impact stress wave at different contact angles; By analyzing the creep load amount, displacement deformation amount and impact stress wave at different contact angles, the shear mechanical properties of the rock specimen at multiple strain rates and multiple angles are obtained.

Images