Cutter testing method and cutter testing material for superhard cutter

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cutter testing in superhard material machining, in particular to a superhard cutter testing method and a cutter testing material, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a first cutter test body of a cylindrical structure; s2, splicing and fixedly connecting a second knife test body to the inner wall of the first knife test body, and embedding a plurality of verification particles which are distributed in equal quantity and equal positions in a cavity of the second knife test body; s3, a cutter test piece formed by combining the first cutter test body and the second cutter test body is installed on a lathe, and a superhard cutter is used for conducting spiral turning on the first cutter test body; s4, for the super-hard cutter subjected to spiral turning and a standard super-hard cutter, performing size comparison on the contact part of the cutter for performing cutting so as to evaluate the wear resistance of the super-hard cutter; and S5, collecting the falling state of the verification particles in the cavities of the second cutter test bodies so as to determine the cutting stability of the superhard cutter when different parts of the first cutter test body are turned. And synchronous quantitative analysis of the wear resistance and the stability of the cutter is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tool testing in the processing of superhard materials, and particularly relates to a method for testing superhard tools and materials for tool testing. Background Art

[0002] Superhard material tools include diamond tools and cubic boron nitride tools. In processing, due to the high hardness of superhard materials, the grinding difficulty is great, and special processing of the cutting edge is required; moreover, the blade needs precise welding / sintering process, and the interfacial bonding strength directly affects the tool life. Therefore, an effective tool detection link is required after processing.

[0003] For example, in the prior art, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN116678777A discloses a device and method for testing the wear resistance of a tool coating, including a workbench, a pressure scale, a clamping component, a force transmission rod, and a grinding component. By recording the weight difference of the PVD tool before and after the wear test, the conventionally difficult-to-quantify wear resistance is presented in a numerical form, which is beneficial for users to quickly judge the wear resistance of such coatings in cutting processing, and solves the problems that the existing friction and wear testing machines are expensive, the test methods are conventional, and it is difficult to simulate the wear of PVD tools when cutting different materials, so the wear resistance index of the PVD coating coated on the tool cannot be accurately tested.

[0004] However, the following technical problems exist in the above technology. Only through the change in weight, it is impossible to further refine and test the specific wear states of each part of the tool, resulting in a single test result and lack of wide application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for testing superhard tools and materials for tool testing to solve the problem that in the prior art, only through the change in weight, it is impossible to further refine and test the specific wear states of each part of the tool, resulting in a single test result and lack of wide application.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for testing superhard tools, including step S1 of preparing a first tool test body in a cylindrical structure;

[0007] Step S2, arranging a plurality of second tool test bodies with cavities at intervals along the radial direction on the inner wall of the first tool test body. The spaced second tool test bodies are spliced to cover the inner wall of the first tool test structure, and the surfaces of the second tool test bodies away from the inner wall of the first tool test body are spliced to form a cylindrical structure with a smaller inner diameter;

[0008] Wherein, a plurality of verification particles with equal quantity and equal position distribution are embedded in the cavities of the second tool test bodies;

[0009] Step S3: Install the cutter test piece formed by combining the first cutter test body and the second cutter test body on a lathe, and perform spiral turning on the first cutter test body using a superhard tool;

[0010] Step S4: For the superhard tool and the standard superhard tool that have undergone the spiral turning, compare the dimensions of the contact parts where the tool performs cutting to evaluate the wear resistance of the superhard tool;

[0011] Step S5: Collect the shedding state of the verification particles in the cavities of each second cutter test body to determine the cutting stability of the superhard tool when turning different parts of the first cutter test body.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the superhard tool cutter test method, the step S1 includes:

[0013] Step S11: Pour the mixed particle size pyrophyllite powder into a rotary vibrating screen for particle size screening, and extract powders with different particle sizes according to a preset ratio;

[0014] Step S12: Pour the extracted powder into a horizontal mixer, add glass glue and pure water according to a specified ratio, mix them, and use a powder moisture detector to detect the water content of the powder. If it is within the range of 1% - 5%, it is determined to be qualified and proceed to the next step;

[0015] Step S13: Fill the mixed powder into the pressing tube assembly, and press the pyrophyllite tube on an isostatic press;

[0016] Step S14: Put the pressed pyrophyllite tube into an electrothermal blast drying oven and bake it in a drying atmosphere at 60°C;

[0017] Put the baked pressed pyrophyllite tube into a bench top resistance furnace for sintering;

[0018] Step S15: Cut off a 10 - mm - thick material from the lower end of the sintered pyrophyllite tube, grind its two sides flat and divide it into three equal parts as hardness - testing samples. Use a hardness tester to detect three points at different positions of each hardness - testing sample part, and take the average value. If the hardness value is within the range of 60 - 90 HRC, it is determined to be qualified and used as the first cutter test body.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the superhard tool cutter test method, the step S2 includes:

[0020] Step S21: Pre - fabricate and splice several second cutter test bodies;

[0021] Step S22: Embed and fixedly connect several pre - fabricated and spliced second cutter test bodies on the inner wall of the first cutter test body to obtain the cutter test piece.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the tool test method for superhard tools, in the step S3, set the linear velocity and the feed rate at which the tool specimen rotates around the axis, and use the superhard tool to continuously turn the first tool test body at the linear velocity and the feed rate until the first tool test body is completely turned.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the tool test method for superhard tools, in the step S5, establish the correspondence between different positions of the second tool test body and the cutting process of the superhard tool, and use the shedding situation of the verification particles in the inner cavity of the second tool test body to characterize the cutting stability of the superhard tool in the corresponding turning process.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the tool test method for superhard tools, in the step S5, the inner wall of the second tool test body is made of a transparent material, the shedding state of the verification particles is obtained through visual acquisition, the remaining quantity of the verification particles is compared with the initial embedded quantity, and the shedding rate is calculated.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the tool test method for superhard tools, the tool test method for superhard tools further includes the step S6: perform a correlation analysis on the evaluation results of the steps S4 and S5:

[0026] If the cutting area corresponding to the tool wear amount exceeding 10% of the standard value coincides with the position of the second tool test body where the shedding rate of the verification particles is greater than 30%, it is determined that there is cutting instability in this area.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the tool test material for superhard tools, the material of the verification particles includes at least one of diamond micropowder, cubic boron nitride or cemented carbide particles, and the particle size range of a single verification particle is 50–200 μm.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention provides a tool test material for superhard tools, which is applied to the tool test method for superhard tools described in any of the above solutions. The tool test material for superhard tools is prepared from natural pyrophyllite powder with mixed particle sizes, glass glue and pure water.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution of the tool test material for superhard tools, the particle size distribution of the natural pyrophyllite powder with mixed particle sizes is as follows: 4% with a particle size within 30 mesh, 11% with a particle size of 30–60 mesh, 66% with a particle size of 60–120 mesh, and 19% with a particle size outside 120 mesh.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. By setting a split-type dynamic detection structure, namely the first tool test body and the second tool test body array, and configuring a dual evaluation mechanism, that is, the evaluation of two related characteristic tools, namely tool wear resistance and turning stability, the limitations of traditional single wear amount detection are fundamentally changed. Through spatial decoupling design, the overall cutting process is decoupled into a continuous main cutting area and discrete dynamic monitoring points, so that the local state changes of the tool during continuous cutting can be independently captured; the present invention can create a unique mechanical transmission link: the verification particles in the cavity of the second tool test body form a mechanical monitoring network, and the cutting vibration energy is transmitted to the cavity through the tool test body, triggering the particle shedding behavior, and the shedding rate is positively correlated with the cutting impact force; and it can locate the cutting position and cutting stage based on the shedding position, and set a space-time mapping mechanism through the strict correspondence between the position of the second tool test body and the turning process, which is convenient for traceability analysis. Thus, the synchronous quantification of wear resistance and stability is realized, breaking through the bottleneck that traditional tests can only obtain end-point data.

[0031] Furthermore, in the present invention, through gradient screening and humidity control during the preparation process of the first tool test body, through precise regulation of the particle size ratio and moisture content, a uniform microporous structure is formed in the pressed pyrophyllite tube, generating stable cutting force during turning, and avoiding distortion of wear data caused by local density differences in materials; two-stage heat treatment combined with multi-point hardness detection ensures the axial hardness consistency of the cylinder, so that the tool wear data only reflects its own performance differences, rather than specimen fluctuations, providing a highly reliable reference carrier for wear resistance evaluation.

[0032] Furthermore, the continuous splicing between adjacent second tool test bodies retains the continuous cutting characteristics of the first tool test body, avoiding the interference of the splicing seam on the main cutting process; the movement freedom of the verification particles is restricted by the cavity, and the particles only shed due to inertial force when the cutting vibration intensity exceeds the threshold, forming a mapping relationship between the vibration intensity and the shedding rate; the transparent inner wall directly captures the particle dynamics through optical means in real time, establishing a causal link between cutting force fluctuations, particle displacement, and the number of shed particles.

[0033] Furthermore, the present invention can achieve a better mapping of the wear position. When the abnormal wear area on the flank face coincides with the high particle shedding area, it indicates that there is a continuous vibration load rather than an accidental impact in this section of cutting. The determination of the shedding rate threshold reflects the critical chatter intensity borne by the tool. At this time, combined with the wear increment, it is convenient for those skilled in the art to distinguish normal wear from vibration-accelerated failure. Furthermore, the root cause of tool failure can be located. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the superhard tool test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tool test piece in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural view of the pressing tube assembly in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a working schematic view of baking the pyrophyllite tube in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: 1. Plug; 2. End post; 3. Rubber sleeve; 4. Outer tube; 5. Rubber tube; 6. Powder; 7. Mandrel; 8. First knife test body; 9. Second knife test body; 10. Verification particle; 11. Pyrophyllite tube placement rack; 12. Furnace platform. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] The preferred implementation manners of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these implementation manners are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] In addition, it should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, they are respectively the flowchart of the superhard tool knife test method in the embodiment of the present invention and the schematic structural view of the knife test piece in the embodiment of the present invention. The superhard tool knife test method includes:

[0044] Step S1, prepare the first knife test body 8 with a cylindrical structure;

[0045] Step S2, several second cutter test pieces 9 with cavities are arranged at intervals along the radial direction on the inner wall of the first cutter test piece 8. After being spliced, the spaced second cutter test pieces 9 cover the inner wall of the first cutter test structure 8, and the surfaces of the second cutter test pieces 9 away from the inner wall of the first cutter test piece 8 are spliced to form a cylindrical structure with a smaller inner diameter;

[0046] Among them, a number of verification particles 10 with equal quantity and equally distributed positions are embedded in the cavities of the second cutter test pieces 8;

[0047] Step S3, install the cutter test piece formed by combining the first cutter test piece and the second cutter test piece on a lathe, and use a superhard tool to perform spiral turning on the first cutter test piece;

[0048] Step S4, for the superhard tool that has completed the spiral turning and a standard superhard tool, compare the dimensions of the contact parts where the tool performs cutting to evaluate the wear resistance of the superhard tool;

[0049] Step S5, collect the shedding states of the verification particles in the cavities of each second cutter test piece to determine the cutting stability of the superhard tool when turning different parts of the first cutter test piece.

[0050] In the above embodiment, a split-type dynamic detection structure, namely the first cutter test piece and the second cutter test piece array, is set, and a dual evaluation mechanism, namely the simultaneous evaluation of two related characteristics, tool wear resistance and turning stability, fundamentally changes the limitations of traditional single wear amount detection. Through spatial decoupling design, the overall cutting process is decoupled into a continuous main cutting area and discrete dynamic monitoring points, enabling the local state changes of the tool during continuous cutting to be independently captured; the present invention can create a unique mechanical transmission link: the verification particles in the cavities of the second cutter test pieces form a mechanical monitoring network, and the cutting vibration energy is transmitted to the cavities through the cutter test pieces, triggering the particle shedding behavior, and its shedding rate is positively correlated with the cutting impact force; and it can locate the cutting position and cutting stage based on the shedding position, and set a space-time mapping mechanism through the strict correspondence between the position of the second cutter test piece and the turning process, which is convenient for traceability analysis. Thus, the synchronization quantification of wear resistance and stability is achieved, breaking through the bottleneck that traditional tests can only obtain end-point data.

[0051] Specifically, the step S1 includes:

[0052] Step S11, pour the mixed particle size pyrophyllite powder into a rotary vibrating screen for particle size screening, and extract powders with different particle sizes according to a preset ratio; in this embodiment, screening and extraction are carried out based on the following dosage table:

[0053] Particle size A Particle size B Particle size C Particle size D Total weight of powder Weight 3.2 kg 8.8 kg 52.8 kg 15.2 kg 80 kg Ratio 4% 11% 66% 19% /

[0054] Step S12: Pour the extracted powder into a bedroom mixer, add glass glue (sodium silicate solution) at a ratio of 5%-8% of the powder weight, and mix it with pure water at the same time. Use a powder moisture detector to detect the water content of the powder. If it is within the range of 1%-5%, it is determined to be qualified and proceed to the next step;

[0055] Step S13: Refer to Figure 3 As shown, fill the mixed powder 6 into the pressing tube assembly as shown in Figure 3 As shown, press the pyrophyllite tube on an isostatic press. The pressing tube assembly includes a plug 1, an end post 2, a rubber sleeve 3, an outer tube 4, a rubber tube 5, and a mandrel 7;

[0056] Step S14: Place the pressed pyrophyllite tube into an electrothermal blast drying oven and bake it in a drying atmosphere at 60°C. The electrothermal blast drying oven includes a pyrophyllite tube placement rack 11 and a furnace platform 12. The placement method of the pressed pyrophyllite tube in the desktop resistance furnace is as shown in Figure 4 As shown; Place the baked pressed pyrophyllite tube into a desktop resistance furnace for sintering and bake it in a drying atmosphere at 60°C;

[0057] Step S15: Cut off a 10-mm-thick material from the lower end of the sintered pyrophyllite tube, grind its two sides flat and divide it into three equal parts as hardness test samples. Use a hardness tester to detect three points at different positions of each part of the hardness test sample and take the average value. If the hardness value is within the range of 60-90 HRC, it is determined to be qualified and used as the first knife test piece. It should be understood that for super-hard material tools with different hardnesses, the qualified hardness range can be adjusted according to the actual working conditions.

[0058] In the above embodiment, through the gradient screening and humidity control in the preparation process of the first knife test piece, and through the precise regulation of the particle size ratio and water content, the pressed pyrophyllite tube forms a uniform microporous structure, generating a stable cutting force during the turning process and avoiding the distortion of wear data caused by local density differences in the material; The two-stage heat treatment combined with multi-point hardness detection ensures the axial hardness consistency of the cylinder, making the tool wear data only reflect its own performance differences rather than the fluctuations of the test piece, providing a highly reliable reference carrier for the wear resistance evaluation.

[0059] Specifically, the said Step S2 includes:

[0060] Step S21: Precast and splice several second knife test pieces;

[0061] Step S21 ensures that the material properties and cavity structures of each second cutting test piece are highly consistent, eliminating individual differences caused by on-site assembly; prefabricate monomers in a controlled environment, and ensure that the cavity volume, cavity wall thickness, and verified particle distribution all meet the design tolerances through precision machining, avoiding interference with data due to the deviation of the test piece itself during subsequent turning. The splicing design constructs a continuous load transfer path, enabling the cutting vibration energy to be conducted without loss to the verified particles; in implementation, the splicing surface of adjacent second cutting test pieces adopts a conformal contact design (either planar close splicing or concave-convex meshing in this embodiment), ensuring a low attenuation rate when the vibration wave propagates between the arrays and maintaining the monitoring fidelity.

[0062] In step S22, several second cutting test pieces that have been prefabricated and spliced are fixedly connected in an embedded manner to the inner wall of the first cutting test piece to obtain the cutting test piece. Through the fixed connection design, the mechanical coupling between the first cutting test piece and the second cutting test piece array is achieved, enabling the synchronous transfer of the cutting load; the embedded connection forms a rigid constraint in the radial direction and retains micro-elastic floating in the tangential direction, not only ensuring the efficient transfer of vibration energy but also preventing structural cracking caused by resonance.

[0063] Specifically, in step S3, set the linear velocity and feed rate of the rotation of the cutting test piece around the axis, and use the superhard tool to continuously turn the first cutting test piece at the linear velocity and the feed rate until the first cutting test piece is completely turned. Specifically, based on the standard ISO / CNMW12020, the diamond composite sheet is cut into a standard tool tip with dimensions of 12.7×12.7×R0.4. On a lathe, process the pyrophyllite tube. The main turning parameters are: the linear velocity v of the rotation of the first cutting test piece is 215 m / min, and the feed rate a is 0.2 mm / r.

[0064] To analyze the cutting stability of the tool, in step S5, establish the correspondence between the positions of different second cutting test pieces and the cutting process of the superhard tool, and use the shedding situation of the verified particles in the inner cavity of the second cutting test piece to characterize the cutting stability of the superhard tool in the corresponding turning process. Specifically, in step S5, by establishing a strict time sequence mapping relationship between the spatial position of the second cutting test piece and the turning process, the discrete distributed verified particle cavity units are transformed into dynamic monitoring nodes of the continuous cutting trajectory. The core principle is that when the superhard tool turns to the corresponding section of a specific second cutting test piece, the cutting vibration energy is conducted through the substrate of the first cutting test piece to the embedded cavity structure, causing the verified particles in the cavity to displace under the action of inertia force; the number of particle shed is positively correlated with the intensity of the vibration energy conducted to the cavity, and the vibration energy directly reflects the load fluctuation degree of the tool in this cutting section. Thus, the particle shedding state captured by each second cutting test piece becomes the direct mechanical characterization of the cutting stability at this spatial coordinate point, and finally, the discrete monitoring data is reconstructed into a quantitative distribution map of the tool's full-process cutting stability.

[0065] Specifically, in the step S5, the inner wall of the second tool test body is made of a transparent material. The detachment state of the verification particles is obtained through visual acquisition. By comparing the remaining number of verification particles with the initial embedded number, the detachment rate is calculated. In the above embodiment, by setting the inner wall of the second tool test body as a transparent material, a non-invasive optical monitoring channel is constructed. The core principle of its action is that when the turning process proceeds to the corresponding section of the specific second tool test body, the high-frequency vibration energy causes the verification particles in the cavity to generate inertial displacement, and the transparent inner wall allows an external visual device to directly capture the dynamic behavior of the particles. By comparing the pixel feature differences between the real-time image and the initial embedded state, the number of particles that have deviated from the fixed position can be accurately identified. This design realizes in-situ and non-destructive data acquisition - the physical phenomenon of vibration energy triggering particle displacement is directly converted into an optical signal, avoiding the mechanical disturbance error caused by traditional disassembly detection, and enabling the calculated detachment rate to truly reflect the stability level of the dynamic load suffered by the tool during this cutting stage.

[0066] Specifically, the ultra-hard tool testing method further includes step S6: performing a correlation analysis on the evaluation results of steps S4 and S5:

[0067] If the cutting area corresponding to the tool wear amount exceeding the standard value by 10% coincides with the position of the second tool test body where the detachment rate of the verification particles is greater than 30%, it is determined that there is cutting instability in this area. The above embodiment can achieve a better mapping of the wear position. When the abnormal wear area of the tool coincides with the high particle detachment area, it indicates that there is a continuous vibration load rather than an accidental impact in this section of cutting. The determination of the detachment rate threshold reflects the critical chatter strength that the tool can withstand. At this time, combined with the wear increment, it is convenient for those skilled in the art to distinguish normal wear from vibration-accelerated failure. Furthermore, the root cause of tool failure can be located.

[0068] Specifically, the material of the verification particles includes at least one of diamond micropowder, cubic boron nitride, or cemented carbide particles, and the particle size range of a single verification particle is 50 - 200 μm.

[0069] On the other hand, this embodiment provides a material for testing ultra-hard tools, which is applied to the ultra-hard tool testing method described in any of the above solutions. This material for testing ultra-hard tools is prepared from natural pyrophyllite powder with mixed particle sizes, glass glue, and pure water.

[0070] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the apparatuses, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a segment of a program, or a portion of code that contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur in a different order than that noted in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, or they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, may be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based apparatus for performing the specified functions or operations, or may be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0071] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing a superhard cutting tool, which is used for testing the wear resistance of the superhard cutting tool, is characterized in that Including: Step S1, preparing a first tool test piece with a cylindrical structure; Step S2, arranging a number of second tool test pieces with cavities at intervals along the radial direction on the inner wall of the first tool test piece. The spaced second tool test pieces are spliced to cover the inner wall of the first tool test structure, and the surfaces of the second tool test pieces away from the inner wall of the first tool test piece are spliced to form a cylindrical structure with a smaller inner diameter; Wherein, a number of verification particles with equal quantity and equal position distribution are embedded in the cavities of the second tool test pieces; Step S3, installing the tool test piece formed by combining the first tool test piece and the second tool test piece on a lathe, and performing spiral turning on the first tool test piece with a superhard tool; Step S4, for the superhard tool and the standard superhard tool after the spiral turning, comparing the sizes of the contact parts of the tools performing cutting to evaluate the wear resistance of the superhard tool; Step S5, collecting the falling-off states of the verification particles in the cavities of each second tool test piece to determine the cutting stability of the superhard tool when turning different parts of the first tool test piece.

2. The method for testing the cutting tool of a superhard tool according to claim 1, wherein, The said step S1 includes: Step S11, pouring mixed particle size pyrophyllite powder into a rotary vibrating screen for particle size screening, and extracting powders with different particle sizes according to a preset ratio; Step S12, pouring the extracted powders into a horizontal mixer, adding glass glue and pure water according to a specified ratio, mixing, and using a powder moisture detector to detect the water content of the powders. If it is within the range of 1%-5%, it is determined to be qualified and proceed to the next step; Step S13, filling the mixed powders into a pressing tube assembly, and pressing a pyrophyllite tube on an isostatic press; Step S14, putting the pressed pyrophyllite tube into an electrothermal blast drying oven and baking it in a drying atmosphere at 60°C; Putting the baked pressed pyrophyllite tube into a bench top resistance furnace for sintering; Step S15, cutting off a material with a thickness of 10 mm from the lower end of the sintered pyrophyllite tube, grinding its two surfaces and equally dividing it into three parts as hardness test samples. Using a hardness tester to detect three points at different positions of each part of the hardness test sample, and taking the average value. If the hardness value is within the range of 60-90 HRC, it is determined to be qualified and used as the first tool test piece.

3. The method for testing the cutting tool of a superhard tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The said step S2 includes: Step S21, prefabricating and splicing a number of second tool test pieces; Step S22, fixedly connecting the prefabricated and spliced number of second tool test pieces to the inner wall of the first tool test piece in an embedded manner to obtain the tool test piece.

4. The method for testing the cutting tool of a superhard tool according to claim 1, wherein, In the said step S3, setting the linear velocity and the feed rate of the rotation of the tool test piece around the axis, and continuously turning the first tool test piece with the superhard tool at the linear velocity and the feed rate until the first tool test piece is turned completely.

5. The method for testing the cutting tool of the superhard tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the said step S5, establishing the corresponding relationship between the positions of different second tool test pieces and the cutting process of the superhard tool, and using the falling-off situation of the verification particles in the inner cavities of the second tool test pieces to characterize the cutting stability of the superhard tool in the corresponding turning process.

6. The method for testing the cutting tool of the superhard tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the said step S5, the inner wall of the second tool test piece is made of a transparent material, and the falling-off state of the verification particles is obtained through visual acquisition. Comparing the remaining quantity of the verification particles with the initial embedded quantity, and calculating the falling-off rate.

7. The method for testing the cutting tool of the superhard tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The superhard tool test method further includes step S6: performing correlation analysis on the evaluation results of the said step S4 and S5: If the cutting area corresponding to the tool wear amount exceeding 10% of the standard value coincides with the position of the second tool test body where the verified particle shedding rate is greater than 30%, it is determined that there is cutting instability in this area.

8. The method for testing the cutting tool of the superhard tool according to claim 1, wherein, The material of the verified particles includes at least one of diamond micropowder, cubic boron nitride or cemented carbide particles, and the particle size range of a single verified particle is 50–200 μm.

9. A trial material for a superhard cutting tool, characterized in that, Applied to the superhard tool test method according to any one of claims 1-8, it is prepared from natural pyrophyllite powder with mixed particle sizes, glass glue and pure water.

10. The superhard tool trial material according to claim 9, characterized in that, The particle size distribution of the natural pyrophyllite powder with mixed particle sizes is as follows: 4% with a particle size within 30 mesh, 11% with a particle size of 30–60 mesh, 66% with a particle size of 60–120 mesh, and 19% with a particle size outside 120 mesh.

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