Agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system. The system comprises a pointer swinging device, a cutter adjusting device, a branch clamping device and a rack, the pointer swinging device, the cutter adjusting device and the branch clamping device are all mounted on the rack; the pointer swing device is installed on the upper portion of the rack, the cutter adjusting device is installed on the pointer swing device and located on the lower portion of the pointer swing device, and the branch clamping device is installed on the lower portion of the rack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical testing, and particularly to a testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the breeding industry, the straw cutter has become an increasingly indispensable breeding machine. The straw cutter can cut and crush materials such as straws and branches into fine particles, which not only saves feed but also improves the meat production rate of livestock when feeding cattle, sheep and other livestock. For a straw cutter, the cutting and crushing effect is an important indicator to measure its quality, and the installation angle of the moving knife on the cutter head of the straw cutter has a direct relationship with the crushing rate. How to set the appropriate installation angle of the moving knife is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches, which can measure the cutting effect of the tool at the tool installation angle and provide a scientific basis for the installation angle of the moving knife of the straw cutter.

[0004] To achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0005] A testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches, comprising: a pointer swing device, a tool adjustment device, a branch clamping device, and a frame; the pointer swing device, the tool adjustment device, and the branch clamping device are all installed on the frame; the pointer swing device is installed on the upper part of the frame, the tool adjustment device is installed on the pointer swing device and is located below it, and the branch clamping device is installed on the lower part of the frame.

[0006] In the testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches, the pointer swing device is used to swing the tool, the tool adjustment device is used to adjust the installation angle of the tool, and the branch clamping device is used to clamp the material branches.

[0007] In the testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches, the frame includes a base, a column connected to the base at the bottom and extending upward, a cross bar connected to the column at the top, and a vertical plate connected to the front end of the cross bar at the top and extending downward at the lower part.

[0008] In the testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches, the pointer swing device includes a main shaft, an impact rod, a pointer, a swing rod, a marking disc, a flange, and a sleeve.

[0009] In the testing system for the cutting mechanical properties of agricultural material branches, one end of the main shaft is rotatably installed on the column, and the other end of the main shaft passes through the installation hole opened on the vertical plate. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the diameter of the main shaft, and the main shaft does not contact the inner wall of the installation hole.

[0010] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft and fixedly installed on the longitudinal plate. The marking disc is sleeved on the main shaft and is located on the left side of the sleeve. The marking disc is fixed to the sleeve. The inner diameters of the shaft holes of the sleeve 17 and the marking disc are both larger than the diameter of the main shaft, and the main shaft does not contact the inner walls of the shaft holes of the sleeve and the marking disc.

[0011] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The central rotating shaft of the flange is rotatably installed in the shaft hole of the marking disc, and the inner diameter of the second bearing is larger than the diameter of the main shaft.

[0012] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The pointer is fixed to the flange.

[0013] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The impact rod is an L-shaped rod, including a longitudinal rod and a transverse rod connected to the lower part of the longitudinal rod. The upper part of the longitudinal rod is inserted and fixedly connected to the front part of the main shaft. When both the impact rod and the pointer hang vertically to the ground, the cross bar of the impact rod contacts the lower part of the pointer.

[0014] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The upper part of the swing rod is fixedly connected to the main shaft.

[0015] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The branch clamping device includes a first clamping unit and a second clamping unit. Each clamping unit includes a slide rail and a sliding clamping block. The slide rails of the first clamping unit and the second clamping unit are parallel and fixedly arranged on the base at a predetermined distance.

[0016] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The sliding clamping block includes a support seat. An opening groove is formed in the upper part of the support seat. The opening groove includes a top opening and a side opening communicating with the top opening. The top opening faces upward, the side opening is parallel to the slide rail, and the clamping piece is installed in the opening groove. The fastening block 364 is installed into the opening groove from the side opening of the opening groove, and the side wall of the fastening block is flush with the side wall where the side opening of the slide groove of the sliding clamping block 34 is located.

[0017] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The sliding clamping block includes a clamping piece installed in the opening groove of the support seat.

[0018] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The clamping piece includes a bottom disc-shaped plate, a middle support cylinder, and an upper receiving block.

[0019] For the described agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, where: The tool adjusting device includes a tool holder, a pawl, a ratchet wheel, a gear set, and a cutting tool. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is the front view of the mechanical property test system for cutting agricultural material branches;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the side view of the mechanical property test system for cutting agricultural material branches;

[0022] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the branch clamping device;

[0023] Figure 4 It is the partial structural schematic diagram of the branch clamping device;

[0024] Figure 5 It is the partial structural schematic diagram of the pointer swing device;

[0025] Figure 6a It is the structural schematic diagram of the tool adjusting device;

[0026] Figure 6b It is the structural schematic diagram of the tool adjusting device;

[0027] Figure 6c It is the structural schematic diagram of the tool adjusting device;

[0028] Figure 7 It is the structural schematic diagram of the swing rod fixing device;

[0029] Figure 8 It is the structural schematic diagram of the swing rod fixing device;

[0030] Figure 9 It is the structural schematic diagram of the swing rod fixing device. Specific embodiments

[0031] Next, in combination with the attached Figures 1-5 , the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the mechanical property test system for cutting agricultural material branches includes a pointer swing device 1, a tool adjusting device 2, a branch clamping device 3, and a frame. The pointer swing device 1, the tool adjusting device 2, and the branch clamping device 3 are all installed on the frame. The pointer swing device 1 is installed on the upper part of the frame, the tool adjusting device 2 is installed on the pointer swing device 1 and is located below it, and the branch clamping device 3 is installed on the lower part of the frame.

[0033] The pointer swing device 1 is used to swing the tool, the tool adjusting device 2 is used to adjust the installation angle of the tool, and the branch clamping device 3 is used to clamp agricultural material branches. The agricultural material branches can be, for example, branches of poplar, willow, etc.; corn straw, etc.

[0034] As Figure 2As shown, the frame 1 includes a base 4, a vertical column 5 whose bottom is connected to the base 4 and extends upward, a cross bar 6 connected to the vertical column at the top of the vertical column 5, and a longitudinal plate 7 whose top is connected to the front end of the cross bar and whose lower part extends downward.

[0035] As Figure 1 , 2 , as shown in Figure 5, the pointer swinging device 1 includes a main shaft 11, an impact rod 12, a pointer 13, a swing rod 14, a marking disc 15, a flange 16, and a sleeve 17.

[0036] One end of the main shaft 11 is installed on the vertical column 5 through a first bearing, and the first bearing is installed in a bearing hole opened on the vertical column 5. The other end of the main shaft 11 passes through an installation hole opened on the longitudinal plate 7. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the diameter of the main shaft 11, and the main shaft 11 does not contact the inner wall of the installation hole.

[0037] The sleeve 17 is sleeved on the main shaft 11 and fixedly installed on the longitudinal plate 7. The marking disc 15 is sleeved on the main shaft 11 and is located on the left side of the sleeve 17. A plurality of screw holes are opened on the sleeve 17, and a plurality of bolt holes are correspondingly opened on the marking disc 15. The marking disc 15 is fixed on the sleeve 17 by screwing in bolts. The inner diameters of the shaft holes of the sleeve 17 and the marking disc 15 are both larger than the diameter of the main shaft 11, and the main shaft 11 does not contact the inner walls of the shaft holes of the sleeve 17 and the marking disc 15.

[0038] The central rotating shaft of the flange 16 is installed in the shaft hole of the marking disc 15 through a second bearing. The inner diameter of the second bearing is larger than the diameter of the main shaft 11. The main shaft passes through the bearing hole of the second bearing, and the main shaft 11 does not contact the inner wall of the bearing hole of the second bearing. The pointer 13 is fixed on the flange 16. The fixing method can be that an installation hole is opened on the flange 16, the top of the pointer 13 is inserted into the installation hole, and the part of the pointer 13 inserted into the installation hole has an interference fit with the installation hole.

[0039] The impact rod 12 is an L-shaped rod, including a longitudinal rod and a transverse rod connected to the lower part of the longitudinal rod. The upper part of the longitudinal rod is inserted into a through hole opened in the front part of the main shaft 11, and the longitudinal rod has an interference fit with the through hole. The installation position of the impact rod 12 is: when both the impact rod 12 and the pointer 13 hang vertically to the ground, the transverse rod of the impact rod 12 contacts the lower part of the pointer 13.

[0040] The upper part of the swing rod 14 is inserted into a through hole opened in the main shaft 11, and the swing rod 14 has an interference fit with the through hole. The swing rod 14 is arranged between the vertical column 5 and the longitudinal plate 7.

[0041] As Figures 7-9As shown in the figure, the pointer swing device 1 further includes a swing rod fixing device for fixing and adjusting the starting position of the swing rod 14. This device includes a buckle 38 and a female buckle 40. The buckle 38 is sleeved on the swing rod 14 and fixed to the swing rod by a bolt 39. The buckle 38 is provided with a hook portion. The female buckle 40 is rotatably installed on the female buckle seat 43 on the cross bar 6 of the frame 1. The female buckle seat 43 is provided with a pair of parallel straight arms, and each straight arm is provided with a pivot hole. The pivot 41 is inserted into the two pivot holes. One end of the pivot 41 is a bolt head, and the other end is processed with threads and locked with a nut 42. The part of the pivot 41 located between the two straight arms is a smooth part. The female buckle 40 is sleeved on the part of the pivot 41 located between the two straight arms through the lower shaft hole. The upper part of the female buckle 40 is provided with a hook head. By lifting the swing rod, the hook portion of the buckle 38 and the hook head of the female buckle 40 are hooked and matched with each other, so as to realize the connection. And the starting fixed position of the swing rod can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the buckle 38 on the swing rod 14. Pressing the tail of the female buckle 40 can release the swing rod 14.

[0042] As Figures 2-4 shown in the figure, the branch clamping device 3 includes a first clamping unit 31 and a second clamping unit 32. The first clamping unit 31 and the second clamping unit 32 have the same structure. Each clamping unit includes a slide rail 33 and a sliding clamping block 34. The slide rails 33 of the first clamping unit 31 and the second clamping unit 32 are fixedly arranged in parallel and at a predetermined distance apart on the base 4. The slide rail 33 is provided with a strip-shaped groove 35. The sliding clamping block 34 includes a clamping portion and two parallel vertical plates connected to the lower part of the clamping portion. Each vertical plate is provided with a bolt hole. The two vertical plates are respectively installed on both sides of the slide rail 33, so that the sliding clamping block 34 can slide along the slide rail 33. The bolt 38 passes through the bolt holes of the first clamping plate, the strip-shaped groove 35 and the bolt holes of the second clamping plate in sequence and is fastened with a nut, so that the sliding clamping block 34 can be fixed on the slide rail 33.

[0043] As Figure 3 、 4 shown in the figure, the sliding clamping block 34 includes a support seat and a clamping member 364. The upper part of the support seat is provided with a slot 362. The slot 362 includes a top opening and a side opening communicating with the top opening. The top opening faces upward, and the side opening is parallel to the slide rail 33. The clamping member 364 is installed in the slot 362. The fastening block 364 is installed into the slot 362 from the side opening of the slot 362. The side wall of the fastening block 362 is flush with the side wall where the side opening of the slot of the sliding clamping block 34 is located. Two longitudinally arranged bolt holes are respectively opened on both side walls of the slot 362, and two longitudinally arranged bolt through holes are respectively opened on both side walls of the fastening block 362. The bolt 39 is screwed in sequence from the bolt hole on the first side wall of the slot 362, the bolt through hole on the first side wall of the fastening block 362, and the bolt hole on the second side wall of the slot 362, so that the fastening block 362 can be fixed in the slot.

[0044] The sliding clamping block 34 further includes a clamping member 364 installed in the slot of the support base. The clamping member 364 includes a bottom disc-shaped plate 367, a middle support cylinder 363, and an upper receiving block 364. The middle support cylinder 363 is used to connect the upper receiving block 364 and the bottom disc-shaped plate 367, and the diameter of the middle support cylinder 363 is smaller than that of the bottom disc-shaped plate 367. The upper receiving block 364 is a cube as a whole, and through holes perpendicular to the slide rail 33 are opened on both side walls thereof. The upper part of the cross-section of the through hole is rectangular, and the lower part is triangular. A bolt hole 366 is opened at the top of the upper receiving block 364, and the bolt hole 366 communicates with the through hole. The through hole is used to receive the material branches, and after the fastening bolt 37 is screwed into the bolt hole 366 and enters the through hole, the material branches can be clamped.

[0045] The slot 362 is provided with a lower slot and an upper slot corresponding to the contour and size of half of the bottom disc-shaped plate 367 and the middle support cylinder 363. The fastening block 362 is also provided with a lower slot and an upper slot corresponding to the contour and size of half of the bottom disc-shaped plate 367 and the middle support cylinder 363. Thus, when the fastening block 362 is installed in the slot 362, a receiving cavity having the same shape as the bottom disc-shaped plate 367 and the middle support cylinder 363 is formed with the slot 362 for receiving the bottom disc-shaped plate 367 and the middle support cylinder 363. The bottom disc-shaped plate 367 and the middle support cylinder 363 can be fastened in the slot 362 by means of bolt fastening. The upper receiving block 364 is exposed above the support base of the sliding clamping block 34.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the tool adjusting device 2 is fixed to the lower part of the swing rod 14. When the swing rod 14 hangs naturally, the downward projection of the cutting knife 23 on the tool adjusting device 2 is located between the first clamping unit 31 and the second clamping unit 32 of the branch clamping device 3.

[0047] The tool adjusting device 2 includes a tool holder 22, a pawl 21, a ratchet 24, a gear set 25, and a cutting knife 23. The tool holder 22 is a U-shaped seat, and the top plate is fixedly connected to the lower part of the swing rod 14. The cutting knife 23 is installed between the two vertical plates of the U-shaped seat through a rotating shaft and is located below the tool holder 22. The pawl 21 is installed on the upper part of the tool holder 22, and the ratchet 24 is installed at a position slightly lower than the pawl 21. The pawl 21 meshes with the ratchet 24, and a gear set 25 is installed between the cutting knife 23 and the ratchet 24. The gear 252 meshes with the gear 251, the gear 251 meshes with the gear 255, the gear 251 and the gear 254 are on the same axis, the gear 254 meshes with the gear 253, the gear 253 is coaxial with the cutting knife 2, and the gear 255 and the ratchet 24 are on the same axis.

[0048] The tool adjusting device is completed by relying on two sets of gear transmission devices, namely gear 252 and gear 251 (the first set of gears), and gear 254 and gear 253 (the second set of gears). Among them, gear 251 and gear 254 are coaxial. The rotation of the tool is realized by the continuous transmission of gear 252, gear 251, gear 254, and gear 253. The four gears form a two-stage transmission method (i.e., the above two sets of gears), and the transmission ratio is 4:1. When the tool rotates 5°, gear 252 needs to be rotated 20°. The specific transmission is as follows: Rotate gear 252. Gear 252 meshes with gear 251. Gear 251 and gear 254 are on the same axis. Thus, gear 254 meshes with gear 253. Finally, the shaft where gear 253 is located drives the tool to rotate. At the same time, the ratchet 24 is used to fix and assist in adjusting the tool. The specific adjustment is as follows: Rotate gear 252 counterclockwise. When adjusting the angle of the tool, gear 252 meshes with gear 251, and gear 251 meshes with gear 255. Gear 255 and ratchet 24 are on the same axis. The transmission ratio between gear 255 and gear 252 is 1:1. When gear 252 rotates 20° (the tool rotates 5°), ratchet 24 also rotates 20°. At the same time, ratchet 24 is provided with 18 teeth. Each time a tooth rotates, that is, when ratchet 24 rotates 20°, it corresponds to a 5° adjustment of the tool. At the same time, since ratchet 24 can only rotate in one direction, the fixation of the tool can be realized. Through the above two transmission methods, both the fixation of the tool and the accurate adjustment of the tool angle are realized.

[0049] When the present invention is working, the position of the sliding clamping block on the slide rail can be adjusted first and fixed in place with bolts and nuts at a suitable position; after the clamping member is placed in the slot, it can be rotated by a certain angle to adjust the angle of the through hole. After the angle adjustment is verified, the material branches are inserted into the through holes of the two clamping members, and the top fastening bolts are screwed into the through holes to clamp the material branches. Adjust the angle of the cutting tool on the tool adjusting device. Rotate the swing rod to the required angle on the marking disc. After pressing the female buckle to release the swing rod, the swing of the swing rod drives the cutting tool to cut the material branches. The impact rod is connected with the swing rod and impacts the pointer. After being impacted, the pointer swings. The angle of the pointer swing can be seen from the marking disc. Through multiple experiments, the angle at which the cutting tool cuts the material branches with the best effect can be obtained.

Claims

1. An agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system, characterized in that: It includes a pointer swinging device, a tool adjusting device, a branch clamping device, and a frame; the pointer swinging device, the tool adjusting device, and the branch clamping device are all installed on the frame; the pointer swinging device is installed on the upper part of the frame, the tool adjusting device is installed on the pointer swinging device and is located below it, and the branch clamping device is installed on the lower part of the frame.

2. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, wherein: The pointer swinging device is used to swing the tool, the tool adjusting device is used to adjust the installation angle of the tool, and the branch clamping device is used to clamp the material branch.

3. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, wherein: The frame includes a base, a column connected to the base at the bottom and extending upward, a cross bar connected to the column at the top of the column, and a longitudinal plate connected to the front end of the cross bar at the top and extending downward at the lower part.

4. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pointer swinging device includes a main shaft swing rod, a marking disc, etc.

5. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the main shaft is rotatably installed on the column, and the other end of the main shaft passes through the installation hole opened on the longitudinal plate. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the diameter of the main shaft, and the main shaft does not contact the inner wall of the installation hole.

6. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that The marking disc is sleeved on the main shaft.

7. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper part of the swing rod is fixedly connected to the main shaft.

8. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch clamping device includes a first clamping unit and a second clamping unit.

9. The agricultural material branch cutting mechanical property testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool adjusting device includes a tool holder, a pawl, a ratchet wheel, a gear set, and a cutting tool.

Images