Design method for series connection of double springs for gun

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method for series connection of double springs for a gun, which is used for optimizing the overall performance of a spring system and improving the bearing capacity and the fatigue strength of the spring system. Comprising the following steps: S1, inputting parameters; s2, determining the rigidity of the spring system; s3, selecting single springs: a spring A and a spring B; s4, connecting in series; s5, parameter optimization: optimizing the parameters of the spring A and the spring B; and S6, fatigue strength analysis: verifying the fatigue strength and reliability of the double-spring system through finite element analysis or fatigue test, and ensuring that the firearms can meet the working requirements under various working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of firearms, and particularly to a design method for series connection of double springs for firearms. Background Art

[0002] In a firearm system, a spring is a commonly used elastic element and is widely applied to various shock-absorbing, energy-storing, and force-transmitting devices. Typical spring mechanisms in firearms include a recoil spring, a cartridge extractor spring, a hammer (firing pin) spring, a butt spring, etc. Due to the limitation of the spring accommodation space, the traditional single spring in firearms has the problem of insufficient load-bearing capacity in some application scenarios. For example, in the comprehensive life test firing of the recoil spring of some pocket pistols, the single spring may show a significant attenuation of spring force, resulting in problems such as incomplete recoil of the pistol. To solve these problems, a design method of series connection of double springs is proposed. By using two single springs in series, the overall performance and reliability of the system can be effectively improved within a limited spring accommodation space. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a design method for series connection of double springs for firearms, which is used to optimize the overall performance of the spring system, improve its load-bearing capacity and fatigue strength.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] A design method for series connection of double springs for firearms includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Parameter input:

[0007] According to the firearm structure, mechanism action cycle, and spring working conditions, the spring accommodation space H0, pre-pressure F1, and working pressure F2 of the spring system are proposed.

[0008] S2. Determination of the spring system stiffness:

[0009] According to the working stroke L, pre-pressure F1, and working pressure F2 of the spring system, the overall stiffness K of the spring system is calculated.

[0010]

[0011] S3. Selection of single springs:

[0012] Select two single springs with different elastic coefficients, namely spring A and spring B. The elastic coefficient of spring A is K A , and the elastic coefficient of spring A is K B , and K A > K B ;

[0013] S4. Series connection:

[0014] Connect spring A and spring B in series. To save the spring space of the spring system, part of spring A is sleeved inside spring B. According to the connection characteristics of the double-spring series connection, the pre-pressure of the spring system provides for the automatic balance of the double springs, that is, the pre-pressure F1 of the spring system = the pre-pressure F of spring A 1A = the pre-pressure F of spring B 1B , that is, the following formula is satisfied:

[0015]

[0016] When the spring system continues to be compressed, the above formula still holds until the firearm recoils in place, that is, the working pressure F2 of the spring system = the working force F of spring A 2A = the working force F of spring A 2B .

[0017] Preferably, it further includes S5, parameter optimization:

[0018] According to the actual application requirements, optimize the parameters of spring A and spring B, including stiffness, free length, working stroke, etc., to ensure that the spring system has sufficient elastic deformation range while meeting the bearing capacities F1 and F2;

[0019] Step S6, fatigue strength analysis:

[0020] Verify the fatigue strength and reliability of the double-spring system through finite element analysis or fatigue test, and ensure that the firearm can meet the working requirements under various working conditions.

[0021] Preferably, the firearm is a pistol, the recoil spring assembly is arranged under the barrel, the spring system is a recoil spring, and part of the length of recoil spring A is sleeved inside recoil spring B through a recoil spring sleeve. The two ends of the recoil spring sleeve are provided with an inner stop and an outer stop. The inner stop contacts and limits one end of recoil spring A, and the outer stop contacts and limits one end of recoil spring B.

[0022] 4. According to the design method of a double-spring series connection for a firearm described in claim 3, it is characterized in that:

[0023] In S1, the spring space of the pistol is H0, and the movement stroke L1 of the slide is the working stroke of the spring system. To reliably complete the slide cycle, referring to the disclosure of the finalized pistol, set the pre-pressure F1 and working pressure F2 of the recoil spring force;

[0024] In S2, calculate the overall stiffness K of the recoil spring assembly,

[0025]

[0026] In S3, temporarily set the ratio of K A 、K B ;

[0027] In S4, according to the automatic cycle, when the breechblock of the automatic firearm is in place, ideally the recoil spring A is just fully sleeved inside the recoil spring sleeve and the recoil spring B is just fully sleeved outside the recoil spring sleeve. Calculate the length of the recoil spring sleeve L2 = H0 - L1. To prevent the recoil spring sleeve from being impacted by the automatic firearm during the entire recoil process, a collision prevention space is reserved and L2 is corrected. Considering the strength of the recoil spring sleeve, according to experience, at least a thickness of x should be left at the bottom and top respectively to support the recoil spring A and the recoil spring B. That is, when the pistol is in the initial position, the spring heights H of the recoil spring A and the recoil spring B in the initial working position 1A and H 1B should satisfy the formula H0 = H 1A +x+H 1B +x - L2; when the pistol is in the position where the recoil is in place, the spring heights H of the recoil spring A and the recoil spring B are both in the maximum working position 2A and H 2B are the same, that is H 2A =H 2B = L2 - x. According to the ratio set in step S3 and the formula in step S4, calculate K A 、K B . Since the spring force of the double-spring series component is the same as the spring forces of the two individual springs, that is, the pre-pressure of the spring system F1 = the pre-pressure of spring A F 1A = the pre-pressure of spring B F 1B ; when the spring system continues to be compressed, the above formula still holds until the firearm's recoil is in place, that is, the working pressure of the spring system F2 = the working force of spring A F 2A = the working force of spring A F 2B . According to the spring characteristics, F 1A =K A ×(H 0A -H 1A )、F 1B =K B ×(H 0B -H 1B )、F 2A =K A ×(H 0A -H 2A )、F 2B =K B ×(H 0B -H 2B ), where H 0A 、H 0B are the initial lengths of springs A and B respectively. Through comprehensive calculation using all the above formulas, it is obtained that:

[0028] Spring A spring force parameters:

[0029] K A ,H 0A ; H1A , F 1A ; H 2A , F 2A

[0030] Spring B spring force parameter:

[0031] K B , H 0B ; H 1B , F 1B ; H 2B , F 2B .

[0032] Preferably, to ensure the load-bearing capacity and fatigue strength, both spring A and spring B are compression springs with a rectangular cross-section.

[0033] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] Through the design method of double spring series connection, the present invention effectively improves the load-bearing capacity and elastic deformation range of the spring system, enhances the stability and reliability of the system, and meets the requirements of the reliability and life strength of firearms. This method is also applicable to various mechanical systems that require high load-bearing capacity and large deformation range, and has broad popularization and application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the recoil spring A;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the recoil spring B;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the recoil spring assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] According to the overall spring housing space, spring force requirements and fatigue strength requirements of the firearm spring system, the present invention provides a design method of double spring series connection, and improves the load-bearing capacity and firing life of the spring system by optimizing the parameters and series connection method of the springs. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0039] 1. Parameter input: According to the firearm structure, mechanism action cycle, and spring working conditions, the spring housing space, pre-pressure F1, and working pressure F2 of the spring system are proposed.

[0040] 2. Determination of the spring system stiffness: According to the pre-pressure and working pressure of the spring system, the overall stiffness K of the spring system is calculated.

[0041] 3. Selection of single springs: Two single springs with different elastic coefficients are selected, namely spring A and spring B. The elastic coefficient of spring A is K A , the elastic coefficient of spring A is K B, and K A > K B .

[0042] 4. Series connection: To maximize the spring housing space of the spring system, spring A and spring B are connected in series and part of spring B is sleeved inside spring A. According to the connection characteristics of the double-spring series, the pre-pressure of the spring system provides for the automatic balance of the double springs, that is, the pre-pressure F1 of the spring system = the pre-pressure F 1A = the pre-pressure F of spring B 1B , that is, the following formula is satisfied:

[0043]

[0044] When the spring system continues to be compressed, the above formula still holds until the firearm recoils in place, that is, the working pressure F2 of the spring system = the working force F of spring A 2A = the working force F of spring A 2B .

[0045] 5. Parameter optimization: According to the actual application requirements, optimize the parameters of spring A and spring B, including stiffness, free length, working stroke, etc., to ensure that the spring system has sufficient elastic deformation range while meeting the load-bearing capacities F1 and F2.

[0046] 6. Fatigue strength analysis: Through finite element analysis or fatigue test, verify the fatigue strength and reliability of the double-spring system to ensure that the firearm can work normally under various working conditions.

[0047] Specifically:

[0048] Taking the recoil spring assembly of a certain pocket pistol as an example, the pistol is small in size and the spring housing space of the recoil spring assembly is limited. According to the single-spring design, whether it is a single-strand cylindrical spring, a multi-strand cylindrical spring or a rectangular-section spring, it cannot meet the strength requirements of the material shear stress or the spring force requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to design in the form of double-spring series connection to reduce the stress of the spring assembly and improve the strength. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0049] 1. Parameter input: The recoil spring assembly is arranged under the barrel. According to the structural layout, the spring housing space is H0 = 76.6 mm, and the movement stroke of the slide, that is, the working stroke of the spring assembly, is L1 = 47.7 mm; according to the slide cycle diagram, to reliably complete the slide cycle, referring to the recoil spring force of the finalized pistol, the pre-pressure F1 of the recoil spring assembly of this pocket pistol is 35 N - 55 N, and the working pressure F2 is 70 N - 100 N.

[0050] 2. Determination of the spring system stiffness: According to the pre-pressure and working pressure of the recoil spring assembly, take the intermediate value, that is, take F1 = 45 N and F2 = 85 N, and calculate the overall stiffness K of the recoil spring assembly.

[0051]

[0052] 3. Single spring selection: Select two single springs with different spring constants. According to their specific functions, they are named recoil spring A and recoil spring B respectively. The spring constant of recoil spring A is K A , and the spring constant of recoil spring B is K B , and K A > K B , temporarily set K A = 1.5K B , and the ratio can be optimized according to actual usage requirements during the parameter optimization stage.

[0053] 4. Series connection and spring calculation: The core is to calculate the stiffness K A , K B . To maximize the savings of the spring housing space of the recoil spring, connect recoil spring A and recoil spring B in series and sleeve a part of the length of recoil spring A inside recoil spring B through the recoil spring sleeve. According to the cycle of the actuator, when the actuator reaches the rear position, ideally, recoil spring A is just completely sleeved inside the recoil spring sleeve, and recoil spring B is just completely sleeved outside the recoil spring sleeve. It can be calculated that the length of the recoil spring sleeve L2 = H0 - L1 = 28.9 mm. However, in engineering practice, in order to protect the recoil spring sleeve from being impacted by the actuator during the entire recoil process, the above length should be corrected. Generally, a 3 - mm anti - collision space is reserved, that is, L2 is corrected to L2 = 25.9 mm. Considering the strength of the recoil spring sleeve, according to experience, at least 0.7 mm of thickness should be left at the bottom and top respectively to support recoil spring A and recoil spring B. That is, when the pistol is in the initial position, the spring heights H 1A and H 1B should satisfy the formula H0 = H 1A + 0.7 + H 1B + 0.7 - L2; and when the pistol reaches the rear position, the spring heights H 2A and H 2B are the same, that is, H 2A = H 2B = L2 - 0.7 = 25.2 mm.

[0054] According to the connection characteristics of the double - spring series, the spring force of the spring system provides double - spring automatic balance. The spring force of the spring system is consistent with the spring forces of the two individual springs during the entire working process and satisfies the following formula:

[0055]

[0056] It can be calculated that K A = 2.1 N / mm, K B= 1.4 N / mm. Since the spring force of the component with double springs in series is the same as that of two individual springs, i.e., the pre-pressure F1 of the spring system = the pre-pressure F of spring A 1A = the pre-pressure F of spring B 1B ; When the spring system continues to compress, the above formula still holds until the firearm recoils to its end position, that is, the working pressure F2 of the spring system = the working force F of spring A 2A = the working force F of spring A 2B . According to the spring characteristics, F 1A = K A ×(H 0A - H 1A ) = 45 N, F 1B = K B ×(H 0B - H 1B ) = 45 N, F 2A = K A ×(H 0A - H 2A ) = 85 N, F 2B = K B ×(H 0B - H 2B ) = 85 N, where H 0A , H 0B are the initial lengths of spring A and spring B respectively. By calculating and integrating all the above formulas, we get:

[0057] Spring A spring force parameters:

[0058] K A = 2.1 N / mm, H 0A = 65.7 mm; H 1A = 44.3 mm, F 1A = 45 N; H 2A = 25.2 mm, F 2A = 85 N

[0059] Spring B spring force parameters:

[0060] K B = 1.4 N / mm, H 0B = 85.9 mm; H 1B = 53.7 mm, F 1B = 45 N; H 2B = 25.2 mm, F 2B = 85 N

[0061] 5. Parameter optimization: Since the ratio relationship of KA and KB is a set value, the specific value needs to be determined according to the circumferential space of the two individual springs and the load-bearing capacity of the springs. In addition, the strength of steel parts such as the recoil spring guide rod and the recoil spring sleeve in the recoil spring assembly also needs to be considered. After multiple calculations and optimizations, KA = 2.4 N / mm, K B = 1.3 N / mm, K A = 1.85 K B , and at the same time, to ensure the load-bearing capacity and fatigue strength of the two individual springs, rectangular-section springs are used for both.

[0062] 6. Fatigue strength analysis: Through finite element analysis and physical testing of fatigue tests, the recoil spring assembly can meet the requirements of the firearm's life strength of 6,000 rounds.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in terms of form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for double reeds in series used in a gun, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Parameter input: According to the firearm structure, mechanism action cycle, and spring working conditions, the spring accommodation space H0, pre-pressure F1, and working pressure F2 of the spring system are proposed; S2. Determination of the spring system stiffness: According to the working stroke L, pre-pressure F1, and working pressure F2 of the spring system, the overall stiffness K of the spring system is calculated. S3. Selection of single springs: Select two single springs with different elastic coefficients, namely spring A and spring B. The elastic coefficient of spring A is K A , the elastic coefficient of spring A is K B , and K A > K B ; S4. Series connection: Connect spring A and spring B in series. To save the spring space of the spring system, part of spring A is sleeved inside spring B. According to the connection characteristics of the double-spring series connection, the pre-pressure of the spring system provides for the automatic balance of the double springs, that is, the pre-pressure F1 of the spring system = the pre-pressure F of spring A 1A = the pre-pressure F of spring B 1B , that is, the following formula is satisfied: When the spring system continues to compress, the above formula still holds until the firearm recoils to its final position, that is, the working pressure F2 of the spring system = the working force F of spring A 2A = the working force F of spring A 2B .

2. The design method of a double-spring series connection for a gun according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes S5. Parameter optimization: According to the actual application requirements, the parameters of spring A and spring B are optimized, including stiffness, free length, and working stroke, to ensure that the spring system has sufficient elastic deformation range while meeting the load-bearing capacities F1 and F2; Step S6. Fatigue strength analysis: Through finite element analysis or fatigue test, the fatigue strength and reliability of the double-spring system are verified to ensure that the firearm can meet the working requirements under various working conditions.

3. A design method for a double-spring series connection used in a gun, characterized in that: The firearm is a pistol, the recoil spring assembly is arranged below the barrel, the spring system is a recoil spring, a part of the length of recoil spring A is sleeved inside recoil spring B through a recoil spring sleeve, and the two ends of the recoil spring sleeve are provided with an inner stop and an outer stop. The inner stop contacts and limits one end of recoil spring A, and the outer stop contacts and limits one end of recoil spring B.

4. A design method for series connection of double springs for a firearm according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S1, the spring accommodation space of the pistol is H0, the movement stroke L1 of the slide is equivalent to the working stroke L of the spring system. To reliably complete the slide cycle, referring to the disclosure of the finalized pistol, the pre-pressure F1 and working pressure F2 of the recoil spring force are set; In S2, the overall stiffness K of the recoil spring assembly is calculated. In S3, temporarily set K A , K B 's ratio; In S4, according to the automaton cycle, when the automaton breechblock is in place, ideally, the recoil spring A is just fully sleeved inside the recoil spring sleeve, and the recoil spring B is just fully sleeved outside the recoil spring sleeve. Calculate the length of the recoil spring sleeve L2 = H0 - L1. To prevent the recoil spring sleeve from being impacted by the automaton during the entire recoil process, a collision prevention space is reserved, and L2 is corrected. Considering the strength of the recoil spring sleeve, according to experience, at least a thickness of x should be left at the bottom and top respectively to support the recoil spring A and the recoil spring B. That is, when the pistol is in the initial position, the spring heights H 1A and H 1B should satisfy the formula H0 = H 1A + x + H 1B + x - L2; when the pistol is in place after recoil, the spring heights H 2A of the recoil spring A and the recoil spring B at the maximum working position are the same as H 2B , that is, H 2A = H 2B = L2 - x. According to the ratio set in step S3 and the formula in step S4, calculate K A , K B . Since the combined spring force of the double-spring series is the same as the spring forces of the two individual springs, that is, the spring system pre-pressure F1 = the pre-pressure F 1A of spring A = the pre-pressure F 1B of spring B; when the spring system continues to be compressed, the above formula still holds until the firearm recoils in place, that is, the spring system working pressure F2 = the working force F 2A of spring A = the working force F 2B of spring A. According to the spring characteristics, F 1A = K A ×(H 0A - H 1A ), F 1B = K B ×(H 0B - H 1B ), F 2A = K A ×(H 0A - H 2A ), F 2B = K B ×(H 0B - H 2B ), where H 0A , H 0B are the initial lengths of spring A and spring B respectively. Through comprehensive calculation of all the above formulas, it is obtained that: Spring A spring force parameters: K A ,H 0A ; H 1A ,F 1A ; H 2A ,F 2A Spring B spring force parameters: K B ,H 0B ; H 1B ,F 1B ; H 2B ,F 2B .

5. A design method for a double-spring series connection for a gun, characterized in that: To ensure the load-bearing capacity and fatigue strength, both spring A and spring B adopt compression springs with a rectangular cross-section.

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