A fast boundary breaker

Abstract

The application provides a quick boundary circuit breaker and relates to the technical field of boundary circuit breakers. The circuit breaker comprises a shell, a permanent magnet mechanism, a ventilation mechanism, a wind supply mechanism and a temperature change mechanism. The outer surface of the permanent magnet mechanism is provided with rust inhibitor, and a ventilation gap is formed between the permanent magnet mechanism and the inner wall of the shell. The ventilation mechanism is composed of a first plugging component and a second plugging component arranged at both ends of a ventilation channel, and the wind supply mechanism is used for supplying wind to the ventilation gap. The temperature change mechanism automatically switches states and drives the plugging components to open the ventilation path in sequence by sensing temperature change, and controls the wind supply mechanism to start, so that heat is quickly discharged. The structure can actively ventilate and cool down in a high-temperature environment and effectively eliminate condensation, and solves the problems of existing circuit breakers, such as delayed heat dissipation response and low overall performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of boundary circuit breaker, and particularly relates to a rapid boundary circuit breaker. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the existing rapid boundary circuit breaker usually adopts magnetic control material to realize rapid response and breaking of outgoing line fault current. Its structure design improves breaking speed and reliability, but also exposes a series of technical bottlenecks.

[0003] In the related art, when the magnetic control material encounters a large outgoing line fault current, it is easy to cause electric vibration, which leads to the risk of re-ignition of the breaking point, thereby affecting the completeness and stability of breaking. At the same time, the thermal effect brought by the strong fault current not only causes local temperature rise of the magnetic control mechanism, but also interferes with the timeliness of the magnetic control response. In severe cases, it may cause breaking delay or failure. In addition, since the circuit breaker usually works outdoors or in a high-humidity environment, the magnetic control mechanism is easily eroded by moisture. When the temperature difference changes greatly, condensation is generated, which further causes rust. This rust will directly weaken the magnetic field strength of the magnetic control system and affect its overall performance. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application discloses a rapid boundary circuit breaker to solve the technical problem of the overall performance reduction of the rapid boundary circuit breaker caused by temperature in the related art.

[0005] The present application provides a rapid boundary circuit breaker, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A rapid boundary circuit breaker, comprising a shell, the inside of which is hollow; a permanent magnet mechanism, which is arranged in the shell, and a ventilation gap is reserved between the permanent magnet mechanism and the inner wall of the shell, and the outer surface of the permanent magnet mechanism is coated with a rust inhibitor; a ventilation mechanism, which comprises a ventilation channel, a first plugging assembly and a second plugging assembly, the ventilation channel is arranged in the side wall of the shell and one end of the ventilation channel is communicated with the ventilation gap and the other end of the ventilation channel is communicated with the outside; the first plugging assembly is arranged on the shell and located at the opening of one end of the ventilation channel, and is used to control the opening and closing of the opening of one end of the ventilation channel; the second plugging assembly is arranged on the shell and located at the opening of the other end of the ventilation channel, and is used to control the opening and closing of the opening of the other end of the ventilation channel; a wind supply mechanism, which is arranged on the shell and is used to supply wind power into the ventilation gap from bottom to top; a temperature change mechanism, which is arranged in the shell and is used to automatically control the opening and closing of the first plugging assembly and the second plugging assembly and synchronously control the opening and closing of the wind supply mechanism under the condition of temperature change, the temperature change mechanism has a switchable first state and a second state; wherein, in the case that the temperature value in the ventilation gap is less than or equal to a set threshold value, the temperature change mechanism is in the first state, so as to synchronously drive the first plugging assembly and the second plugging assembly to be in the state of closing the ventilation channel, and the wind supply mechanism is in the state of stopping running;

[0007] When the temperature value within the ventilation gap exceeds a set threshold, the temperature change mechanism automatically switches to the second state. During the switching process, the first and second sealing components sequentially open the end openings of the ventilation channel, and then the air supply mechanism is restarted.

[0008] Preferably, the ventilation channel includes a first chamber, an arc-shaped air duct, and a second chamber. The first chamber is located on the inner wall of the housing near the ventilation gap, and the first sealing component is located between the first chamber and the ventilation gap to control the connection between the first chamber and the ventilation gap. The second chamber is located on the outer wall of the housing near the outside, and the arc-shaped air duct is located inside the housing and connects the first chamber and the second chamber. The second sealing component is located inside the second chamber to control the connection between the second chamber and the arc-shaped air duct.

[0009] Preferably, the height of the first chamber is higher than the height of the second chamber; and / or, the arc-shaped air duct has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to the first chamber and the second end being connected to the second chamber, the height of the first end being higher than the height of the second end; and / or, the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped air duct is configured as a bent wavy shape.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature-changing mechanism includes a copper plate, a horizontal copper rod, a vertical copper rod, and a temperature-sensitive deformation element; wherein, the lower inner wall of the housing has a side groove communicating with a ventilation gap, and the copper plate is adapted to be embedded in the side groove; a temperature-sensitive chamber is formed in the inner wall of the housing, the temperature-sensitive chamber is connected to the side groove through a horizontal channel, the horizontal copper rod passes through the horizontal channel and is connected to the copper plate at one end and extends into the temperature-sensitive chamber at the other end, the vertical copper rod is vertically connected to the other end of the horizontal copper rod, and the temperature-sensitive deformation element is disposed on the vertical copper rod; when the temperature-changing mechanism is in the first state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element is coaxial with the vertical copper rod; when the temperature-changing mechanism is in the second state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element bends relative to the vertical copper rod.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature-sensitive deformation element is configured to be made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the austenite transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is configured to be 23°C. The austenite transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is configured to be a set threshold value. When the temperature value in the temperature-sensitive chamber and the ventilation gap is less than or equal to the set threshold value, the temperature-sensitive deformation element is in an initial form coaxial with the vertical copper rod. When the temperature value in the temperature-sensitive chamber and the ventilation gap is greater than the set threshold value, the temperature-sensitive deformation element bends relative to the vertical copper rod and abuts against the inner wall of the temperature-sensitive chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the first sealing assembly includes a stainless steel sheet, a torsion spring, and a first traction rope. The lower edge of the stainless steel sheet is hinged to the inner wall of the first chamber via the torsion spring, and its upper edge is configured as a free end. A communication opening is provided on the inner wall of the first chamber. The surface area of ​​the stainless steel sheet is larger than the opening area of ​​the communication opening. When the torsion spring is in its natural state, the stainless steel sheet adheres to the communication opening and isolates the first chamber from the ventilation gap. A first rope-threading channel is provided in the inner wall of the housing, and the upper opening of the first rope-threading channel is located on the inner bottom wall of the first chamber. The upper and lower openings are located on the inner top wall of the temperature-sensing chamber. One end of the first pulling rope is connected to the upper edge of the stainless steel sheet, and the other end passes downward through the first rope channel and is connected to the top of the temperature-sensing deformation component. During the process of the temperature-changing mechanism switching from the first state to the second state under the influence of the ambient temperature, when the temperature-sensing deformation component bends relative to the vertical copper rod, it pulls the first pulling rope, causing the upper edge of the stainless steel sheet to undergo elastic bending deformation relative to the lower edge into the first chamber, so as to form a gradually narrowing guide channel in the first chamber from the ventilation gap side through the connecting opening and towards the arc-shaped air duct side.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the stainless steel sheet is coated with a heat-insulating coating.

[0014] Preferably, the second sealing assembly includes a sliding strip, a sealing block, a tension spring, and a second traction rope. The second chamber includes a sealing groove and a sliding channel disposed on the housing and communicating from top to bottom. The side opening of the sealing groove communicates with the outside. The arc-shaped air duct communicates with the sealing groove, and one end of the arc-shaped air duct is located on the inner top wall of the sealing groove. The sliding channel is vertically opened in the inner wall of the housing, and its top end communicates with the sealing groove. The sliding strip is slidably inserted into the sliding channel. The sealing block is disposed at the top of the sliding strip and located in the sealing groove. The cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing block is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the sliding channel. The tension spring is disposed between the bottom end of the sliding strip and the inner bottom wall of the sliding channel, and the tension spring always has a tendency to push the sealing block upwards. When the tension spring is in its natural state, the sealing block adheres to the inner top wall of the sealing groove and seals one end opening of the arc-shaped air duct. The inner wall of the housing is provided with an L-shaped second rope channel. One end of the second rope channel is connected to the sliding channel, and the other end is connected to the temperature-sensing chamber. One end of the second pulling rope is connected to the lower end wall of the sliding bar, and the other end passes through the inner ring of the tension spring and the second rope channel, extending horizontally into the temperature-sensing chamber and connecting with the temperature-sensing deformation element. During the process of the temperature-changing mechanism switching from the first state to the second state due to the influence of ambient temperature, when the temperature-sensing deformation element bends relative to the vertical copper rod, it pulls the second pulling rope, causing the sliding bar to overcome the elastic force of the tension spring and move vertically downwards, so that one end opening of the arc-shaped air duct opens and connects with the sealing groove.

[0015] Preferably, the air supply mechanism includes an electrically connected opening and closing component and a blower component, both of which are mounted on the housing. The opening and closing component controls the opening and closing of the blower component, and the blower component generates upward airflow into the ventilation gap. When the temperature change mechanism is in a first state, the opening and closing component is disconnected to keep the blower component in a closed state; when the temperature change mechanism is in a second state, the opening and closing component is activated to keep the blower component in operation.

[0016] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a battery and a first conductive sheet, and the blower assembly includes a blower, a second conductive sheet, and a blower pipe. The battery is disposed on the outer wall of the housing, the first conductive sheet is covered on the side wall of the temperature-sensing deformation element, and the battery is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet via a spring wire. The blower is disposed on the outer wall of the housing and below the battery, the second conductive sheet is covered on the inner side wall of the temperature-sensing cavity, and the blower is electrically connected to the second conductive sheet via a spring wire. One end of the blower pipe is connected to the blower outlet of the blower, and the other end passes through the inner wall of the housing and extends to the lower end of the ventilation gap, pointing vertically upward. When the temperature-changing mechanism is in the first state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element is coaxial with the vertical copper rod, and the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are separated to disconnect the battery from the blower. When the temperature-changing mechanism is in the second state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element is bent relative to the vertical copper rod, and the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are attached to each other to electrically connect the battery to the blower.

[0017] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention replaces the existing magnetic control mechanism with a permanent magnet mechanism made of neodymium iron boron, making the circuit breaker less susceptible to factors other than temperature, thus improving its stable magnetic performance. Simultaneously, by incorporating a ventilation channel structure within the housing, including a first chamber, an arc-shaped air duct, and a second chamber, and combining this with a dynamic opening mechanism for the first and second sealing components, a control system capable of automatically switching the airflow path based on internal temperature changes is constructed. The temperature-changing mechanism, composed of a copper plate with good thermal conductivity, horizontal copper rods, and vertical copper rods, forms a heat conduction path, enabling efficient transfer of temperature within the ventilation gap to the temperature-sensitive deformation element. Through the deformation of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy upon reaching a specific temperature threshold, it drives the two sealing components to operate sequentially, achieving sequential switching between the internal closed channel and the external connecting channel. This guides the orderly discharge of hot air, effectively eliminating condensation, improving internal airflow efficiency, reducing the risk of loss due to high-temperature accumulation, and enhancing the thermal stability and operational reliability of the fast-closing circuit breaker in complex environments.

[0019] This invention further incorporates an air supply mechanism into the ventilation structure and electrically links it with a temperature-sensitive mechanism for control. When the temperature-sensitive deformation element reaches its austenite transformation temperature, its deformation causes a first conductive plate on its surface to contact and conduct with a second conductive plate inside the temperature-sensitive chamber, thus establishing a closed circuit between the battery and the blower. When the blower is powered on, it continuously supplies air to the bottom of the ventilation gap through the blower pipe. Combined with the opening action of the previously sealed components, this forms a forced airflow channel from bottom to top, effectively promoting the rapid discharge of hot air and achieving a functional leap from passive heat dissipation to active air supply. In this structure, the air supply system relies solely on its own temperature sensing to achieve start-stop switching without depending on external sensors and control circuits. It boasts advantages such as simple structure, timely response, and high integration, and to a certain extent, contributes to improving the intelligence level and operational safety of fast-closing circuit breakers. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature-changing mechanism in its first state in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature-changing mechanism in the second state in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the temperature-changing mechanism in the first state in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial state diagram of the temperature-changing mechanism in the first state in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partial state diagram of the temperature-changing mechanism in the second state in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partial state diagram of the ventilation mechanism after the temperature change mechanism is in the first state in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a partial state diagram of the ventilation mechanism after the temperature change mechanism is in the second state in the embodiments of this application.

[0028] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0029] 1. Housing; 11. Temperature sensing chamber; 12. Lateral channel; 13. First rope-threading channel; 14. Second rope-threading channel; 2. Permanent magnet mechanism; 3. Ventilation gap; 4. Ventilation mechanism; 41. Ventilation channel; 411. First chamber; 411a. Connecting port; 411b. Guide channel; 412. Arc-shaped air duct; 413. Second chamber; 413a. Sealing groove; 413b. Sliding channel; 42. First sealing assembly; 421. Stainless steel sheet; 422. Torsion spring ; 423, First pulling rope; 43, Second sealing assembly; 431, Sliding strip; 432, Sealing block; 433, Tension spring; 434, Second pulling rope; 5, Air supply mechanism; 51, Opening and closing assembly; 511, Battery; 512, First conductive sheet; 52, Blower assembly; 521, Blower; 522, Second conductive sheet; 523, Blower pipe; 6, Temperature changing mechanism; 61, Copper plate; 62, Horizontal copper rod; 63, Vertical copper rod; 64, Temperature-sensitive deformation element. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-7 Some embodiments of this application provide a fast-closing circuit breaker. This circuit breaker incorporates a temperature regulation mechanism in the permanent magnet mechanism 2. When the temperature exceeds a set threshold, it can activate and take corresponding adjustment measures to avoid response lag caused by thermal effects. Simultaneously, a rust inhibitor linked to the temperature regulation mechanism is coated on the surface of the permanent magnet mechanism 2, achieving long-term effective protection of the surface and improving its adaptability and stability in high-humidity and high-temperature alternating environments. This, in turn, enhances the overall safety and reliability of the fast-closing circuit breaker in complex operating environments.

[0033] In some implementations, combined with Figures 1-3 A fast-closing circuit breaker includes a housing 1, a permanent magnet mechanism 2, a ventilation mechanism 4, an air supply mechanism 5, and a temperature-changing mechanism 6. Exemplarily, the housing 1 has an internally hollow structure to accommodate the permanent magnet mechanism 2 and other components. An internal ventilation gap 3 surrounds the permanent magnet mechanism 2 between the housing 1 and the inner wall, providing a ventilation path for the permanent magnet mechanism 2 and creating a locally controllable microclimate. Meanwhile, to improve corrosion resistance, the outer surface of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 is coated with a rust inhibitor. Exemplarily, the rust inhibitor can be a moisture-heat-resistant epoxy coating or an inorganic rust-preventive material, which can slow down the metal corrosion process caused by condensation to a certain extent. Exemplarily, the permanent magnet mechanism 2 is configured as a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet mechanism.

[0034] Furthermore, the ventilation mechanism 4 includes a ventilation channel 41, a first sealing component 42, and a second sealing component 43. The ventilation channel 41 is located within the side wall of the housing 1, with one end connected to the ventilation gap 3 and the other end connected to the outside. The first sealing component 42 is located on the housing 1 at one end of the ventilation channel 41 and is used to control the opening and closing of that opening. The second sealing component 43 is located on the housing 1 at the other end of the ventilation channel 41 and is used to control the opening and closing of that other opening. This allows the ventilation mechanism to open when needed to form an airflow channel and close when not needed, reducing the risk of external moisture intrusion. For example, the ventilation mechanism 4 has at least two sets on the housing 1.

[0035] Furthermore, the air supply mechanism 5 is provided on the housing 1 to introduce air force into the ventilation gap 3 from bottom to top, providing an upward airflow to promote the evaporation or dissipation of condensation on the surface of the permanent magnet mechanism 2.

[0036] Finally, the temperature-changing mechanism 6 is located inside the housing 1 to automatically control the opening and closing of the first sealing component 42 and the second sealing component 43 under temperature changes, and to synchronously control the opening and closing of the air supply mechanism 5. The temperature-changing mechanism 6 has a switchable first state and a second state. When the temperature value in the ventilation gap 3 is less than or equal to a set threshold, the temperature-changing mechanism 6 is in the first state, so as to synchronously drive the first sealing component 42 and the second sealing component 43 to close the ventilation channel 41, while the air supply mechanism 5 is in a stopped state. When the temperature value in the ventilation gap 3 is greater than the set threshold, the temperature-changing mechanism 6 automatically switches to the second state. During the switching process, the first sealing component 42 and the second sealing component 43 sequentially open the end opening of the ventilation channel 41, and then the air supply mechanism 5 starts again. This sequential setting helps to prevent the airflow from accumulating ineffectively in the closed state and improves the airflow utilization efficiency.

[0037] Based on this, this structural design enables passive regulation of the airflow within the circuit breaker under varying day-night temperature conditions. This helps reduce condensation and slows the corrosion process of the permanent magnet mechanism 2, thereby improving the overall stability and service life of the device. It should be noted that the "preset threshold" is not a fixed value but can be configured and adjusted according to the actual installation environment, typically set between 15°C and 25°C to align with the critical temperature range where condensation commonly occurs. Furthermore, the "sealing component" is a mechanically movable structure, which can take the form of a flapper, sliding plug, or rotary valve, etc. The specific selection can be optimized based on the actual spatial layout and response accuracy. In summary, this structure, through the rational configuration of the ventilation channel 41 and the temperature-changing mechanism 6, achieves adjustment of the environmental state of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 through structural response without the need for external energy control, demonstrating high practicality and adaptability.

[0038] In some implementations, combined with Figures 1-3 The ventilation channel 41 includes three parts: a first chamber 411, an arc-shaped air duct 412, and a second chamber 413. These three parts are connected in sequence to form a complete ventilation path, so that when the ventilation mechanism 4 is open, air can enter the ventilation gap 3 from the outside of the housing 1.

[0039] Specifically, the first chamber 411 is located on the inner wall of the housing 1, near the ventilation gap 3, and adjacent to the ventilation gap 3, serving as a buffer structure for air entering the ventilation gap 3. The first sealing component 42 is located between the first chamber 411 and the ventilation gap 3, and its function is to open the communication path between the first chamber 411 and the ventilation gap 3 when the temperature conditions meet the ventilation requirements, thereby allowing the airflow in the ventilation gap 3 to be blown to the outside, realizing the replacement of the internal airflow. The first chamber 411 and the second chamber 413 are connected by an arc-shaped air duct 412 located in the housing 1. The arc-shaped air duct 412 is preferably a curved or bent structure with a certain length and bending angle. This arrangement is beneficial in reducing the risk of rain and dust directly entering the ventilation gap 3 when the external wind pressure is high or when there is short-term rain, thus playing a certain protective and guiding role.

[0040] The second chamber 413 is located on the side of the housing 1 closest to the outside, serving as the inlet area for external air entering the device. Inside, a second sealing component 43 is installed to control the airflow between the arc-shaped air duct 412 and the outside. This component opens when ventilation conditions are met, working in conjunction with the first sealing component 42 to form a complete airflow path. When the temperature-changing mechanism 6 is in a low-temperature state, both the first and second sealing components 42 remain closed, effectively preventing moisture or cold air from entering the device. When the temperature-changing mechanism 6 detects that the temperature of the ventilation gap 3 has risen above a set threshold, the second sealing component 43 opens first, connecting the second chamber 413 to the arc-shaped air duct 412. Subsequently, the first sealing component 42 opens again, allowing external air to flow smoothly into the first chamber 411 and then through the ventilation gap 3 from bottom to top to the surface of the permanent magnet mechanism 2, providing a certain degree of cooling and dehumidification. This structure, to a certain extent, achieves orderly control of the external air introduction path, and, combined with the design of the arc-shaped air duct 412, improves the overall resistance to environmental interference of the circuit breaker. It should be noted that the "chamber" mentioned here does not specifically refer to a sealed cavity, but rather to an internal structural area with a relatively independent spatial function used to connect ventilation paths. Its specific structural dimensions and shape can be flexibly adjusted according to the layout of the housing 1 and the installation space.

[0041] For example, the height of the first chamber 411 is higher than the height of the second chamber 413.

[0042] For example, the arc-shaped air duct 412 has a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the first chamber 411, and the second end is connected to the second chamber 413, and the height of the first end is higher than the height of the second end.

[0043] For example, the cross-sectional shape of the curved air duct 412 is configured as a bent, wavy shape.

[0044] In this way, a large amount of dust or rainwater from the outside can be prevented from entering the ventilation gap 3.

[0045] In some implementations, combined with Figures 3-5 To achieve passive sensing and automatic response control of the temperature within the ventilation gap 3, the temperature change mechanism 6 includes a copper plate 61, a horizontal copper rod 62, a vertical copper rod 63, and a temperature-sensing deformation element 64. The lower inner wall of the housing 1 has a side groove that communicates with the ventilation gap 3, and the copper plate 61 is fitted into the side groove to directly sense the temperature change within the ventilation gap 3.

[0046] For example, a temperature-sensing chamber 11 is formed in the inner wall of the housing 1. The temperature-sensing chamber 11 is connected to the side groove through a transverse channel 12. A transverse copper rod 62 passes through the transverse channel 12, with one end connected to the copper plate 61 and the other end extending into the temperature-sensing chamber 11. A vertical copper rod 63 is vertically connected to the other end of the transverse copper rod 62, and a temperature-sensing deformation element 64 is disposed on the vertical copper rod 63. In this way, copper, as a highly thermally conductive material, can effectively conduct the temperature sensed by the copper plate 61 to the transverse copper rod 62 connected to it. The transverse copper rod 62 passes through the transverse channel 12 in the housing 1, with one end fixedly connected to the copper plate 61 and the other end extending into the temperature-sensing chamber 11 and connecting to the vertical copper rod 63, thereby establishing a continuous path for temperature conduction.

[0047] For example, when the temperature-changing mechanism 6 is in the first state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 is coaxial with the vertical copper rod 63; when the temperature-changing mechanism 6 is in the second state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 bends relative to the vertical copper rod 63.

[0048] For example, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 is configured to be made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the austenite transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is configured to be 23°C. The austenite transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is configured to be a set threshold. When the temperature value in the temperature-sensitive chamber 11 and the ventilation gap 3 is less than or equal to the set threshold, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 is in an initial form coaxial with the vertical copper rod 63. When the temperature value in the temperature-sensitive chamber 11 and the ventilation gap 3 is greater than the set threshold, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 bends relative to the vertical copper rod 63 and abuts against the inner wall of the temperature-sensitive chamber 11.

[0049] Based on this, a temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 is provided on the vertical copper rod 63. The temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 is preferably made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and its austenite transformation temperature is set to 23°C, which matches the critical temperature range where condensation may form in the ventilation gap 3, facilitating temperature control triggering. The interior of the temperature-sensitive chamber 11 and the ventilation gap 3 are thermally connected through the aforementioned heat-conducting components. At the same time, the chamber structure is isolated from the external airflow, which is beneficial for the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 to respond accurately in a stable environment. When the temperature is below the set threshold, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 maintains its original state of being coaxial with the vertical copper rod 63 and does not deform. When the temperature rises and exceeds the austenite phase transformation point, the nickel-titanium deformation element undergoes controlled bending and gradually comes into contact with the inner wall of the temperature-sensitive chamber 11, thereby driving the first sealing component 42, the second sealing component 43, and the air supply mechanism 5 connected to it to enter the corresponding action state. This structural design allows for temperature-linked control of the circuit breaker's ventilation system through the thermal conductivity of metal and the thermal response of shape memory alloys, without the need for electronic sensors or active control circuits. It offers advantages in structural simplification and environmental adaptability. The terms "copper plate 61" and "copper rod" refer to thermally conductive metal components, which can be sheet-like, columnar, or strip-like, flexibly configured according to the circuit breaker's spatial structure.

[0050] In some implementations, combined with Figure 3 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 The first sealing assembly 42 includes a stainless steel sheet 421, a torsion spring 422, and a first pulling rope 423, which together form a structural unit capable of flexible opening under thermal triggering conditions. The lower edge of the stainless steel sheet 421 is hinged to the inner wall of the first chamber 411 via the torsion spring 422, while its upper edge is configured as a free end. A connecting opening 411a is provided on the inner wall of the first chamber 411. The surface area of ​​the stainless steel sheet 421 is larger than the opening area of ​​the connecting opening 411a, thus effectively blocking airflow between the ventilation gap 3 and the first chamber 411 when in a closed state, which is beneficial for the circuit breaker's nighttime heat preservation and inhibits moisture intrusion. When the torsion spring 422 is in its natural state, the stainless steel sheet 421 adheres to the connecting opening 411a, separating the first chamber 411 from the ventilation gap 3, allowing the stainless steel sheet 421 to remain naturally closed without external force.

[0051] For example, refer to Figures 3-7 The inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a first rope passage 13. The upper opening of the first rope passage 13 is located on the inner bottom wall of the first chamber 411, and the lower opening is located on the inner top wall of the temperature sensing chamber 11. One end of the first pulling rope 423 is connected to the upper edge of the stainless steel sheet 421, and the other end passes down through the first rope passage 13 and is connected to the top of the temperature sensing deformation component 64.

[0052] For example, during the process of the temperature-changing mechanism 6 switching from the first state to the second state under the influence of ambient temperature, when the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 bends relative to the vertical copper rod 63, it pulls the first traction rope 423, causing the upper edge of the stainless steel sheet 421 to undergo elastic bending deformation relative to the lower edge into the first chamber 411, so as to form a gradually narrowing guide channel 411b in the first chamber 411 from the ventilation gap 3 side through the connecting port 411a and towards the arc-shaped air duct 412 side.

[0053] Based on this, when the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 is in a low temperature and maintains its initial straight state, the first traction rope 423 has no tension, and the stainless steel sheet 421 closes naturally by the force of the torsion spring 422; when the temperature of the ventilation gap 3 rises, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 bends, and its end will pull the first traction rope 423 downward during the offset process, thereby causing the free end of the sheet to elastically deflect towards the first chamber 411 relative to the lower edge, so that the connecting port 411a opens.

[0054] It is worth noting that, since the torsion spring 422 allows the stainless steel sheet 421 to undergo local flexible deformation, a curved air guide structure is formed towards the first chamber 411 during the opening process of the upper edge. This gradually transitions from the ventilation gap 3 side through the connecting port 411a to the direction of the arc-shaped air duct 412, which helps to guide the airflow to move along the predetermined path and reduce the risk of sudden changes in wind pressure causing disturbance to the permanent magnet mechanism 2.

[0055] The aforementioned terms, such as "stainless steel sheet 421," refer to an elastic metal sheet with a thickness of less than 1 mm. The specific material can be corrosion-resistant metals such as SUS304. "Torsion spring 422" refers to an elastic component that provides rotational return force; its stiffness parameters can be adjusted according to the sheet thickness and opening angle to achieve a balance between stable closure and sensitive response. The design in this embodiment can, to a certain extent, improve the response flexibility and environmental adaptability of the circuit breaker ventilation system under different temperature and humidity conditions.

[0056] For example, the outer surface of the stainless steel sheet 421 is coated with an insulating coating so that the stainless steel sheet 421 also has an insulating effect on the ventilation gap 3 after the communication opening 411a is closed.

[0057] In some implementations, combined with Figure 3 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 To achieve controllable sealing and release of the opening at the other end of the arc-shaped air duct 412, the second sealing component 43 includes a sliding strip 431, a sealing block 432, a tension spring 433, and a second pulling rope 434. Its structural design and functional linkage are designed to achieve precise opening control of the ventilation path under temperature triggering conditions.

[0058] For example, refer to Figures 3-7The second chamber 413 includes a sealing groove 413a and a sliding channel 413b disposed on the shell 1 and connected from top to bottom. The side opening of the sealing groove 413a is connected to the outside. The arc-shaped air duct 412 is connected to the sealing groove 413a and one end of the arc-shaped air duct 412 is located on the inner top wall of the sealing groove 413a. The sliding channel 413b is vertically opened in the inner wall of the shell 1 and its top end is connected to the sealing groove 413a. The sliding strip 431 is slidably inserted into the sliding channel 413b.

[0059] For example, the blocking block 432 is located at the top of the sliding bar 431 and within the blocking groove 413a. The cross-sectional area of ​​the blocking block 432 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the sliding channel 413b. This can be further explained as the cross-sectional size of the blocking block 432 being larger than the opening size of the sliding channel 413b. Thus, the vertical movement in the vertical direction can effectively block or release the upper opening of the arc-shaped air duct 412 and prevent the blocking block 432 from also entering the sliding channel 413b and causing slippage failure.

[0060] For example, the tension spring 433 is located between the bottom end of the sliding bar 431 and the inner bottom wall of the sliding channel 413b, and the tension spring 433 always has the tendency to push the blocking block 432 upward, so that when the tension spring 433 is in its natural state, the blocking block 432 is attached to the inner top wall of the blocking groove 413a and blocks one end opening of the arc-shaped air duct 412. Its function is to always provide an upward elastic force so that when the temperature sensing mechanism is not activated, the blocking block 432 is in an upward pushing state, attached to the inner top wall of the blocking groove 413a, thereby blocking one end opening of the arc-shaped air duct 412.

[0061] For example, to achieve temperature-triggered action, the sliding bar 431 is also linked to the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 via the second pull rope 434. Specifically, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with an L-shaped second rope channel 14. One end of the second rope channel 14 is connected to the sliding channel 413b, and the other end is connected to the temperature-sensitive chamber 11. One end of the second pull rope 434 is connected to the lower end wall of the sliding bar 431, and the other end passes through the inner ring of the tension spring 433 and the second rope channel 14, extends horizontally into the temperature-sensitive chamber 11, and connects with the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64. During the process of the temperature-changing mechanism 6 switching from the first state to the second state under the influence of ambient temperature, when the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 bends relative to the vertical copper rod 63, it pulls the second pull rope 434, causing the sliding bar 431 to overcome the elastic force of the tension spring 433 and move vertically downward, so that one end of the arc-shaped air duct 412 opens and connects with the sealing groove 413a. When the temperature-sensitive deformation mechanism 6 deforms due to temperature changes, the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 bends and displaces relative to the vertical copper rod 63. The second traction rope 434 is pulled, which drives the sliding bar 431 to move downward, overcoming the elastic force of the tension spring 433, causing the sealing block 432 to detach from the inner top wall of the sealing groove 413a, and exposing the opening of the arc-shaped air duct 412, thus realizing the connection between the arc-shaped air duct 412 and the outside world.

[0062] In the above structural design, the "sliding bar 431" should be understood as a linear component that can reciprocate axially within the sliding channel 413b; the "sealing block 432" can be made of an elastic sealing material that fits snugly with the slot, such as a silicone rubber-coated metal plate; and the "tension spring 433" is a helical tension spring that provides a reset function. This structure is beneficial to the automated adjustment of the air duct opening and closing to a certain extent and reduces the potential impact of ambient temperature differences on the operational stability of the device. Through the synergistic effect of the above components, the response efficiency of the circuit breaker in environments with sudden temperature changes and the overall adaptability and reliability of the system are improved.

[0063] In some implementations, combined with Figures 1-5To achieve active airflow control within the ventilation gap 3, an air supply mechanism 5 is introduced. This mechanism includes an opening / closing component 51 and a blower component 52, both mounted on the outer wall of the housing 1 and electrically connected to form an integrated control unit. The opening / closing component 51 controls the energization and opening / closing of the blower component 52, while the blower component 52, when the opening / closing component 51 is energized, applies upward airflow into the ventilation gap 3, thereby promoting the discharge of hot air. The activation condition of the air supply mechanism 5 directly depends on the operating state of the temperature-changing mechanism 6. Specifically, when the temperature-changing mechanism 6 is in the first state (i.e., the ambient temperature is not high), the opening / closing component 51 is not energized, and the blower component 52 remains closed. When the temperature-changing mechanism 6 switches to the second state due to an increase in ambient temperature, the opening / closing component 51 is activated, the blower component 52 is energized, and airflow begins to form, thus improving the ventilation and heat dissipation capacity of the device at high temperatures.

[0064] For example, to better achieve the above functions, the opening / closing assembly 51 specifically includes a battery 511 and a first conductive plate 512, while the blower assembly 52 includes a blower 521, a second conductive plate 522, and a blower pipe 523. The battery 511 is located at a suitable position on the outer wall of the housing 1, serving as an independent power supply for the entire air supply system. The first conductive plate 512 is located on the side wall of the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 and is electrically connected to the battery 511 via a spring wire; the second conductive plate 522 is located on the inner side wall of the temperature-sensitive chamber 11 and is electrically connected to the blower 521 via another set of spring wires. When not subjected to heat deformation, i.e., when the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 and the vertical copper rod 63 remain coaxial, the first conductive plate 512 and the second conductive plate 522 are separated from each other, the circuit is in an open state, and the blower 521 is therefore not powered on. When the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64 deforms due to the increase in temperature, produces a certain angle of displacement and bends towards the side wall, the first conductive sheet 512 covering its surface will contact the second conductive sheet 522 on the inner side wall of the temperature-sensitive chamber 11, forming an electrical connection circuit, so that the battery 511 starts to supply power to the blower 521, and the blower 521 starts to run.

[0065] For example, the blower 521 is installed below the battery 511 to facilitate compact wiring and system layout. One end of the blower duct 523 is connected to the air outlet of the blower 521, and the other end extends through the inner wall of the housing 1 to the bottom of the ventilation gap 3, and is arranged vertically upward so that the air force generated when the blower 521 is started can directly act on the inside of the ventilation gap 3, pushing the hot air flow from bottom to top. This helps to cooperate with the deflection opening of the first sealing component 42 and the sliding opening of the second sealing component 43, thereby enhancing the ventilation efficiency inside the housing 1 by combining natural and forced ventilation when the system reaches a specific temperature threshold.

[0066] It should be noted that in this structure, the "first conductive sheet 512" and "second conductive sheet 522" should be understood as functional conductive layers, preferably elastic metal sheets or conductive rubber sheets, which can achieve temporary closed conduction under stress contact conditions; while the "spring wire" refers to a conductive connecting wire with a certain degree of elasticity, whose function is to adapt to the connection changes caused by the small displacement of the temperature-sensitive deformation element 64, and is not prone to breakage due to fatigue. Through the above structural design, the present invention is beneficial to improving the response capability of the sectionalizing circuit breaker under overheating conditions to a certain extent, realizing the automatic opening and closing action of the ventilation and heat dissipation system without relying on external control circuits, and enhancing the independence and adaptability of the device.

[0067] It should be noted that existing magnetic control mechanisms commonly use soft magnetic materials in conjunction with electromagnetic coils for driving. However, during long-term operation, these mechanisms are susceptible to the combined effects of external factors such as moisture erosion, humidity changes, and temperature rises. This leads to a gradual decline in magnetic properties and even demagnetization, severely impacting the overall stability and reliability of the circuit breaker's performance. The rate of magnetic degradation is particularly accelerated in high-temperature and high-humidity environments. To overcome the above shortcomings, this application uses a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet mechanism to replace the traditional magnetic control mechanism, giving full play to its advantages of stable magnetic properties and no need for continuous power supply to maintain the magnetic field. However, considering that the permanent magnet mechanism 2 made of neodymium iron boron is relatively sensitive to temperature, especially when it is above 60°C, irreversible demagnetization may occur. Therefore, this application further incorporates a temperature change mechanism 6, a first sealing component 42, a second sealing component 43, and an air supply mechanism 5. Through the automatic response capability of the temperature change mechanism 6, when the temperature in the ventilation gap exceeds the preset threshold of 26°C, the first sealing component 42 and the second sealing component 43 are driven to open the ventilation channel 41 in sequence, and the air supply mechanism 5 is automatically activated to send external cold air into the ventilation gap 4 from bottom to top, thereby effectively reducing the ambient temperature around the permanent magnet mechanism 2. This structural design improves the overall temperature control response speed and heat dissipation efficiency without changing the initial magnetic output state of the permanent magnet mechanism 2. This makes it less likely for the environment in which the permanent magnet mechanism 2 is located to rise to 60°C, which is beneficial to maintaining the magnetic stability of the permanent magnet mechanism 2 in the long term and ensuring the reliability and service life of the sectionalizing circuit breaker under different operating environments.

[0068] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast-closing circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: The shell (1) is hollow inside; A permanent magnet mechanism (2) is provided inside the housing (1). A ventilation gap (3) is reserved between the permanent magnet mechanism (2) and the inner wall of the housing (1), and the outer surface of the permanent magnet mechanism (2) is coated with an anti-rust agent. The ventilation mechanism (4) includes a ventilation channel (41), a first sealing component (42) and a second sealing component (43). The ventilation channel (41) is opened in the side wall of the housing (1) and one end is connected to the ventilation gap (3) and the other end is connected to the outside. The first sealing component (42) is provided on the housing (1) and located at one end of the ventilation channel (41) to control the opening and closing of one end of the ventilation channel (41). The second sealing component (43) is provided on the housing (1) and located at the other end of the ventilation channel (41) to control the opening and closing of the other end of the ventilation channel (41). An air supply mechanism (5) is provided on the housing (1) to supply air force from bottom to top into the ventilation gap (3); A temperature-changing mechanism (6), located inside the housing (1), is used to automatically control the opening and closing of the first sealing component (42) and the second sealing component (43) in response to temperature changes, and to synchronously control the opening and closing of the air supply mechanism (5). The temperature-changing mechanism (6) has a switchable first state and a second state. When the temperature value in the ventilation gap (3) is less than or equal to the set threshold, the temperature change mechanism (6) is in the first state, so as to simultaneously drive the first sealing component (42) and the second sealing component (43) to close the ventilation channel (41), while the air supply mechanism (5) is in the stopped operation state. When the temperature value in the ventilation gap (3) is greater than the set threshold, the temperature change mechanism (6) automatically switches to the second state. During the switching process, the first sealing component (42) and the second sealing component (43) sequentially open the end opening of the ventilation channel (41), and then the air supply mechanism (5) starts again.

2. The fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation channel (41) includes a first chamber (411), an arc-shaped air duct (412), and a second chamber (413), wherein, The first chamber (411) is located on the inner wall of the housing (1) near the ventilation gap (3), and the first sealing assembly (42) is located between the first chamber (411) and the ventilation gap (3) to control the opening and closing of the first chamber (411) and the ventilation gap (3); The second chamber (413) is located on the outer wall of the shell (1) near the outside. The arc-shaped air duct (412) is located inside the shell (1) and connects the first chamber (411) and the second chamber (413). The second sealing assembly (43) is located inside the second chamber (413) to control the opening and closing of the second chamber (413) and the arc-shaped air duct (412).

3. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the first chamber (411) is higher than the height of the second chamber (413); And / or, the arc-shaped air duct (412) has a first end and a second end, the first end being connected to a first chamber (411) and the second end being connected to a second chamber (413), the height of the first end being higher than the height of the second end; And / or, the cross-sectional shape of the arc-shaped air duct (412) is configured as a bent wavy shape.

4. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temperature-changing mechanism (6) includes a copper plate (61), a horizontal copper rod (62), a vertical copper rod (63), and a temperature-sensitive deformation element (64); wherein, The lower inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with a side groove that communicates with the ventilation gap (3), and the copper plate (61) is adapted to be embedded in the side groove. A temperature-sensing chamber (11) is provided in the inner wall of the housing (1). The temperature-sensing chamber (11) is connected to the side groove through a transverse channel (12). The transverse copper rod (62) passes through the transverse channel (12) and is connected to the copper plate (61) at one end and extends into the temperature-sensing chamber (11) at the other end. The vertical copper rod (63) is vertically connected to the other end of the transverse copper rod (62). The temperature-sensing deformation element (64) is provided on the vertical copper rod (63). When the temperature-sensitive deformation mechanism (6) is in the first state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) is coaxial with the vertical copper rod (63); When the temperature-sensitive deformation mechanism (6) is in the second state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) bends relative to the vertical copper rod (63).

5. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) is configured to be made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the austenite transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is configured to be 23°C. The austenite transformation temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy is configured to be a set threshold value, wherein... When the temperature value in the temperature-sensing chamber (11) and the ventilation gap (3) is less than or equal to a set threshold, the temperature-sensing deformation element (64) is in an initial state coaxial with the vertical copper rod (63); When the temperature value in the temperature-sensing chamber (11) and the ventilation gap (3) is greater than the set threshold, the temperature-sensing deformation element (64) bends relative to the vertical copper rod (63) and abuts against the inner wall of the temperature-sensing chamber (11).

6. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first sealing assembly (42) includes a stainless steel sheet (421), a torsion spring (422), and a first pulling rope (423), wherein, The lower edge of the stainless steel sheet (421) is hinged to the inner wall of the first chamber (411) by a torsion spring (422), and the upper edge is configured as a free end. A communication port (411a) is provided on the inner wall of the first chamber (411). The surface area of ​​the stainless steel sheet (421) is larger than the opening area of ​​the communication port (411a). When the torsion spring (422) is in its natural state, the stainless steel sheet (421) is attached to the communication port (411a) and separates the first chamber (411) from the ventilation gap (3). The inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with a first rope passage (13). The upper opening of the first rope passage (13) is located on the inner bottom wall of the first chamber (411), and the lower opening is located on the inner top wall of the temperature sensing chamber (11). One end of the first pulling rope (423) is connected to the upper edge of the stainless steel sheet (421), and the other end passes down through the first rope passage (13) and is connected to the top of the temperature sensing deformation component (64). During the process of the temperature-changing mechanism (6) switching from the first state to the second state under the influence of ambient temperature, when the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) bends relative to the vertical copper rod (63), it pulls the first pulling rope (423), causing the upper edge of the stainless steel sheet (421) to undergo elastic bending deformation relative to the lower edge towards the first chamber (411), so as to form a gradually narrowing guide channel (411b) in the first chamber (411) from the ventilation gap (3) side through the connecting port (411a) towards the arc-shaped air duct (412) side.

7. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the stainless steel sheet (421) is coated with a heat-insulating coating.

8. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second sealing assembly (43) includes a sliding strip (431), a sealing block (432), a tension spring (433), and a second pulling rope (434), wherein, The second chamber (413) includes a sealing groove (413a) disposed on the shell (1) and connected from top to bottom, and a sliding channel (413b). The side opening of the sealing groove (413a) is connected to the outside. The arc-shaped air duct (412) is connected to the sealing groove (413a) and one end of the arc-shaped air duct (412) is located on the inner top wall of the sealing groove (413a). The sliding channel (413b) is vertically opened in the inner wall of the shell (1) and its top end is connected to the sealing groove (413a). The sliding strip (431) is slidably inserted into the sliding channel (413b). The blocking block (432) is located at the top of the sliding bar (431) and in the blocking groove (413a). The cross-sectional area of ​​the blocking block (432) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the sliding channel (413b). The tension spring (433) is located between the bottom end of the sliding strip (431) and the inner bottom wall of the sliding channel (413b), and the tension spring (433) always has the tendency to push the sealing block (432) upward, so that when the tension spring (433) is in its natural state, the sealing block (432) fits against the inner top wall of the sealing groove (413a) and seals one end opening of the arc-shaped air duct (412); The inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with an L-shaped second rope channel (14). One end of the second rope channel (14) is connected to the sliding channel (413b) and the other end is connected to the temperature sensing chamber (11). One end of the second pulling rope (434) is connected to the lower end wall of the sliding bar (431), and the other end passes through the inner ring of the tension spring (433) and the second rope channel (14) and extends horizontally into the temperature sensing chamber (11) and is connected to the temperature sensing deformation element (64). During the process of the temperature-changing mechanism (6) switching from the first state to the second state under the influence of ambient temperature, when the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) bends relative to the vertical copper rod (63), it pulls the second pulling rope (434), causing the sliding bar (431) to overcome the elastic force of the tension spring (433) and move vertically downward, so that one end of the arc-shaped air duct (412) opens and connects with the sealing groove (413a).

9. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air supply mechanism (5) includes an electrically connected opening and closing component (51) and a blower component (52). Both the opening and closing component (51) and the blower component (52) are mounted on the housing (1). The opening and closing component (51) controls the opening and closing of the blower component (52), and the blower component (52) generates upward airflow into the ventilation gap (3). When the temperature change mechanism (6) is in the first state, the opening and closing component (51) is disconnected so that the blower component (52) is in the closed state; When the temperature change mechanism (6) is in the second state, the opening and closing component (51) is activated to put the blower component (52) into operation.

10. A fast-closing circuit breaker according to claim 9, characterized in that, The opening and closing assembly (51) includes a battery (511) and a first conductive plate (512), and the blower assembly (52) includes a blower (521), a second conductive plate (522), and a blower pipe (523), wherein, The storage battery (511) is disposed on the outer wall of the housing (1), and the first conductive sheet (512) is covered on the side wall of the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64). The storage battery (511) is electrically connected to the first conductive sheet (512) through a spring wire. The blower (521) is located on the outer wall of the housing (1) and below the battery (511). The second conductive sheet (522) is covered on the inner wall of the temperature sensing cavity. The blower (521) is electrically connected to the second conductive sheet (522) through a spring wire. One end of the blower pipe (523) is connected to the blower port of the blower (521), and the other end passes through the inner wall of the housing (1) and extends to the lower end of the ventilation gap (3) and faces vertically upward. When the temperature-changing mechanism (6) is in the first state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) is coaxial with the vertical copper rod (63). At this time, the first conductive sheet (512) and the second conductive sheet (522) are separated so that the battery (511) is disconnected from the blower (521). When the temperature-sensitive deformation mechanism (6) is in the second state, the temperature-sensitive deformation element (64) bends relative to the vertical copper rod (63). At this time, the first conductive sheet (512) and the second conductive sheet (522) are attached to each other so that the battery (511) is electrically connected to the blower (521).

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