Surgical instrument

Abstract

The invention relates to a surgical instrument which comprises a jaw assembly, an angle steering part, a sleeve assembly and a locking assembly, the sleeve assembly comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve annularly sleeving the inner sleeve, and the jaw assembly is rotatably connected with the inner sleeve through the angle steering part; the angle steering piece comprises a matching part; the locking assembly comprises a locking part and an elastic piece, the outer sleeve is detachably connected with the locking part, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the inner sleeve, and the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the locking part; when the outer sleeve is located at the near-end position, the outer sleeve is connected with the locking part to restrict the movement of the locking part, so that the locking part keeps being separated from the matching part, and the elastic piece is compressed; in response to the movement of the outer sleeve from the near-end position to the far-end position to the far side, the outer sleeve relieves the restriction on the locking part, so that the elastic piece is released to drive the locking part to move to the far side to be matched with the matching part. The locking assembly can quickly and stably lock the angle steering piece, and the jaw assembly is prevented from rotating relative to the sleeve assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0002] A surgical stapler is a commonly used medical device that replaces manual suturing. Its primary working principle is to separate tissue using a cutting blade and staple it together using titanium staples, similar to a stapler. Staplers are categorized into various types based on their suitability for different body parts. A surgical stapler works by inserting a cannula positioned at the surgical site into the patient's body, creating a longitudinal incision in the tissue, and applying staples on opposite sides of the incision, thereby separating and staplerizing the tissue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure is achieved through the following technical solutions: A surgical instrument includes a jaw assembly, an angle steering member, a sleeve assembly, and a locking assembly. The sleeve assembly includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve sleeved around the inner sleeve. The jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the inner sleeve through the angle steering member. The angle turning member includes a matching portion; the locking assembly includes a locking portion and an elastic member, the outer sleeve and the locking portion are detachably connected, one end of the elastic member is connected to the inner sleeve, and the other end is connected to the locking portion; when the locking assembly is in an unlocked state, the locking portion is separated from the matching portion to unlock the jaw assembly so that the jaw assembly can rotate relative to the inner sleeve; when the locking assembly is in a locked state, the locking portion cooperates with the matching portion to limit the rotation of the jaw assembly relative to the inner sleeve; When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the outer sleeve is connected to the locking portion to restrict the movement of the locking portion, so that the locking portion remains separated from the matching portion, and the elastic member is compressed; in response to the outer sleeve moving distally from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve releases the restriction on the locking portion, so that the elastic member is released to drive the locking portion to move distally to cooperate with the matching portion, so that the locking assembly switches from the unlocked state to the locked state.

[0004] In one embodiment, the outer sleeve is connected to the jaw assembly, and the jaw assembly includes a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat. The outer sleeve is connected to the nail anvil. When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the jaw assembly is in an open state. In response to the outer sleeve moving distally from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve drives the nail anvil to rotate, so that the jaw assembly switches from the open state to the closed state.

[0005] In one embodiment, the locking portion includes an abutting surface. When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the outer sleeve abuts against the abutting surface; when the outer sleeve is in the distal position, the outer sleeve is separated from the abutting surface.

[0006] In one embodiment, the outer sleeve includes a tube body and a restricting member connected to the tube body; when the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the restricting member is located on the distal side of the locking portion and abuts against the locking portion to restrict the movement of the locking portion, so that the locking portion remains separated from the mating portion, and the elastic member is compressed; in response to the outer sleeve moving from the proximal position to the distal position, the restricting member moves distally to release the restriction on the locking portion, and the elastic member is released to drive the locking portion to move distally, so that the locking assembly switches from the unlocked state to the locked state.

[0007] In one embodiment, the restricting member includes a protruding portion provided on the tube body. When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the protruding portion abuts against the locking portion to restrict the movement of the locking portion.

[0008] In one embodiment, the locking portion includes an abutting portion. When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the protruding portion is located on the distal side of the abutting portion, and the protruding portion abuts against the abutting portion.

[0009] In one embodiment, the restricting member includes a pull rod and a first connecting portion provided on the pull rod. The pull rod is connected to the tube body. In response to the tube body moving proximally or distally, the pull rod and the first connecting portion move synchronously with the tube body. The locking portion includes a mating groove; when the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the first connecting portion abuts against the proximal groove wall of the mating groove to restrict the locking portion from moving distally.

[0010] In one embodiment, when the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the first connecting portion is separated from the distal groove wall of the mating groove.

[0011] In one embodiment, the inner sleeve is provided with a moving groove. At least a part of the locking portion is located in the moving groove. The elastic member is located proximal to the locking portion. The proximal end of the elastic member abuts against the groove wall of the moving groove, and the distal end abuts against the locking portion; in response to the outer sleeve releasing the restriction on the locking portion, the elastic member is released, and the elastic member drives the locking portion to move distally along the length direction of the moving groove, so that the locking portion cooperates with the mating portion.

[0012] In one embodiment, the moving slot includes a narrowing slot, and the locking portion is partially located in the narrowing slot. The narrowing slot includes a first side wall and a second side wall. The first side wall is located on one side in the width direction of the locking portion to limit and stop the locking portion, and the second side wall is located on the other side in the width direction of the locking portion to limit and stop the locking portion.

[0013] In one embodiment, the mating portion includes a plurality of locking teeth, and the locking portion includes a plugging portion. When the locking assembly is in the locked state, the plugging portion is plugged and connected with at least one of the locking teeth.

[0014] In one embodiment, the surgical instrument includes a cannula driving assembly. The cannula driving assembly includes a driving member and a cannula driving link. One end of the cannula driving link is rotatably connected to the driving member, and the other end of the cannula driving link is rotatably connected to the outer cannula. In response to the rotation of the driving member, the cannula driving link moves to drive the outer cannula to move from the proximal position to the distal position, or from the distal position to the proximal position. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly in the locked state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly in the unlocked state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4 is an exploded view of the outer cannula and the locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 is a sectional view when the outer cannula is in the proximal position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the outer cannula and the locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figures 7 to 11 is a schematic structural view for driving the clamping jaws of the outer cannula to open and close; Figure 12 is a top view of the locking assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of the mating slot and the restricting member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the pull rod and the outer cannula according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 16It is a top view of a sleeve driving component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 17 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve driving component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Wherein: 100, jaw component; 110, cartridge seat; 111, obliquely waist-shaped groove; 120, anvil; 121, first driven part; 122, second driven part; 123, pin; 200, angle turning part; 210, mating part; 211, locking teeth; 220, mating hole; 300, locking structure; 310, locking part; 311, inserting part; 312, abutting part; 313, mating groove; 314, extending part; 315, abutting surface; 316, main body part; 320, elastic part; 400, sleeve component; 410, inner sleeve; 411, moving groove; 412, narrowing part; 413, narrowing groove; 414, rotating shaft; 420, outer sleeve; 421, pipe body; 422, protruding part; 423, pull rod; 424, first connecting part; 4241, second connecting part; 425, body; 426, driving pipe; 4261, first driving part; 4262, second driving part; 500, sleeve driving component; 510, sleeve driving gear; 520, sleeve driving link; 530, driven part; 540, gear. Specific embodiments

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the following further details the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not used to limit the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0018] It should be understood that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used herein are relative to the clinician operating the handle of the stapler. The term "proximal" refers to the part close to the clinician, and the term "distal" refers to the part far from the clinician. However, the stapler can be used in many directions and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not restrictive and absolute.

[0019] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movable connection, or an integral body; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components such as abutment. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances. It should be noted that when there is a qualifier before "connection", it has the meaning defined by the corresponding qualifier, only excluding the obvious cases that need to be excluded, and not excluding other possible cases.

[0020] The present disclosure relates to a surgical instrument, which can be a stapler, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the surgical instrument includes a jaw assembly 100, an angle turning member 200, a cannula assembly 400, and a locking assembly 300. The cannula assembly 400 includes an inner cannula 410 and an outer cannula 420 sleeved outside the inner cannula 410. The jaw assembly 100 is rotatably connected to the inner cannula 410 through the angle turning member 200, so that the jaw assembly 100 can rotate relative to the cannula assembly 400. When the surgical instrument works, the jaw assembly 100 and a part of the cannula assembly 400 extend into the human body. At this time, the jaw assembly 100 is in the straight-strike state, and the length direction of the jaw assembly 100 is collinear with the axis direction of the cannula assembly 400. The medical staff operates the surgical instrument to drive the jaw assembly 100 to rotate relative to the cannula assembly 400. After the jaw assembly 100 rotates to a suitable position, the medical staff controls the locking assembly 300 to lock the jaw assembly 100, so that the jaw assembly 100 cannot continue to rotate, and thus remains in the position expected by the medical staff. Then, the medical staff controls the jaw assembly 100 to close to clamp the human tissue. The surgical instrument further includes a cutting knife assembly and a cutting knife driving assembly (not shown in the figure). After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the medical staff can drive the cutting knife assembly to fire by controlling the cutting knife driving assembly, cut and suture the human tissue. After the cutting and suturing are completed, the medical staff drives the cutting knife assembly to retract the knife by controlling the cutting knife driving assembly. After the retraction of the knife is completed, the medical staff controls to open the jaw assembly 100 to release the tissue, and the locking assembly 300 releases the locking of the jaw assembly 100, so that the medical staff can rotate the jaw assembly 100 to the straight-strike state, and then remove the surgical instrument from the human body to complete the surgical operation.

[0021] As Figure 4 shown, one of the angle turning member 200 and the inner cannula 410 is provided with a rotating shaft 414, and the other is provided with a mating hole 220 that mates with the rotating shaft 414. The rotating shaft 414 is rotatably connected to the mating hole 220, so that the angle turning member 200 is rotatably connected to the inner cannula 410, and the angle turning member 200 is connected to the jaw assembly 100, so that the jaw assembly 100 can rotate relative to the cannula assembly 400.

[0022] Combination Figures 2 to 6 Figures 2 to 6 , the angle turning member 200 includes a mating portion 210, the locking assembly 300 includes a locking portion 310 and an elastic member 320. One end of the elastic member 320 is connected to the inner sleeve 410, and the other end is connected to the locking portion 310. The locking assembly 300 has an unlocked state and a locked state. When the locking assembly 300 is in the unlocked state, the locking portion 310 is separated from the mating portion 210, unlocking the jaw assembly 100. The locking assembly 300 does not restrict the rotation of the angle turning member 200, enabling the jaw assembly 100 to rotate relative to the sleeve assembly 400. When the locking assembly 300 is in the locked state, the locking portion 310 cooperates with the mating portion 210 to lock the jaw assembly 100, restricting the rotation of the angle turning member 200 relative to the inner sleeve 410, and further restricting the rotation of the jaw assembly 100 relative to the sleeve assembly 400.

[0023] The outer sleeve 420 is separably connected to the locking portion 310. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally or distally relative to the inner sleeve 410. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the outer sleeve 420 is connected to the locking portion 310, and the outer sleeve 420 restricts the movement of the locking portion 310, keeping the locking portion 310 separated from the mating portion 210, and the elastic member 320 is compressed and the locking assembly 300 is in the unlocked state. For example, the separable connection includes abutment. The compressed elastic member generates an elastic force that causes the locking portion 310 to move distally. The outer sleeve 420 abuts against the locking portion 310, and the restriction is that the outer sleeve 420 blocks the locking portion 310 from moving distally, keeping the locking assembly 300 in the unlocked state. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, and the outer sleeve 420 releases the restriction on the locking portion 310, causing the elastic member 320 to be released. The released elastic member 320 drives the locking portion 310 to move distally to cooperate with the mating portion 210, causing the locking assembly 300 to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. This enables the locking assembly 300 to quickly and stably lock the angle turning member 200, preventing the jaw assembly 100 from rotating relative to the sleeve assembly 400. For example, in the locked state, the elastic member 320 still applies an elastic force to the locking portion 310 to increase the locking force of the locking assembly 300, making the cooperation between the locking portion 310 and the mating portion 210 more stable.

[0024] When it is necessary to unlock the angle turning member 200 and enable the jaw assembly 100 to rotate relative to the sleeve assembly 400, in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal position to the proximal position. The outer sleeve 420 abuts against the locking portion 310 and moves proximally, driving the locking portion 310 to move proximally to separate from the mating portion 210 and compress the elastic member 320, causing the locking assembly 300 to switch from the locked state to the unlocked state.

[0025] For example, the mating part 210 includes a plurality of locking teeth 211, and the locking part 310 includes a plugging part 311. When the locking component 300 is in the locked state, the plugging part 311 is plugged and connected with at least one locking tooth 211, so that the mating part 210 is mated with the locking part 310, and the locking component 300 completes the rotational locking of the jaw component 100.

[0026] The jaw component 100 includes a cartridge seat 110 and an anvil 120 rotatably connected to the cartridge seat 110. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the anvil 120. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the jaw component 100 is in the open state. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving distally from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve 420 drives the anvil 120 to rotate, so that the jaw component 100 switches from the open state to the closed state.

[0027] That is, when the outer sleeve 420 is in the distal position, the jaw component 100 is in the closed state and the locking component 100 is in the locked state. When the jaw component 100 closes and holds tissue, the jaw component 100 cannot rotate relative to the cannula component 400, avoiding the situation that the jaw component 100 accidentally rotates and pulls the tissue when clamping the component.

[0028] For example, the locking part 310 further includes a main body part 316 and an extension part 314. The plugging part 311 is located distally of the main body part 316 and is connected to the main body part 316. The extension part 314 is located proximally of the main body part 316 and is connected to the main body part 316. The elastic member 320 includes a spring. One end of the elastic member 320 abuts against the inner cannula 410, and the other end abuts against the proximal end of the main body part 316. The width of the extension part 314 is smaller than that of the main body part 316, and the extension part 314 penetrates into the elastic member 320, improving the stability of the movement of the elastic member 320 when being compressed or released.

[0029] The outer sleeve 420 switches from the proximal position to the distal position, causing the jaw component 100 to switch from the open state to the closed state, which is achieved in the following manner: As Figures 7 to 11 shown, a motion conversion mechanism is provided between the outer sleeve 420 and the anvil 120 of the jaw component 100. The motion conversion mechanism converts the linear motion of the outer sleeve 420 into the pivotal motion of the anvil 120, thereby achieving the pivoting of the anvil 120 relative to the cartridge seat 110 to close or open the jaw component 100. Specifically, when the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the motion conversion mechanism drives the anvil 120 to pivot upward to open the jaw component 100. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the motion conversion mechanism drives the anvil 120 to pivot downward to close the jaw component 100.

[0030] Specifically, the outer sleeve 420 includes a connected body 425 and a drive tube 426. The drive tube 426 drives the anvil 120 to pivot upward or downward to open or close the jaw assembly 100. The body 425 and the drive tube 426 are connected by a hinge.

[0031] The motion conversion mechanism includes a first drive portion 4261, a second drive portion 4262 provided on the drive tube 426, and a first driven portion 121 and a second driven portion 122 provided on the anvil 120.

[0032] The first drive portion 4261 drives the anvil 120 to open. The first drive portion 4261 is a protrusion provided on the drive tube 426, and the protrusion extends obliquely downward to the right. The second drive portion 4262 drives the anvil 120 to close. The second drive portion 4262 is a drive surface at the distal end of the drive tube 426.

[0033] Correspondingly, the first driven portion 121 can be engaged with the first drive portion 4261. The first driven portion 121 is a convex portion provided on the anvil 120, and the convex portion extends upward. The second driven portion 122 can be engaged with the second drive portion 4262. The second driven portion 122 is an abutting surface at the proximal end of the anvil 120.

[0034] A guiding mechanism is further provided between the anvil 120 and the cartridge holder 110. The guiding mechanism includes a pin 123 provided on the anvil 120 and an obliquely waist-shaped slot 111 provided on the cartridge holder 110. The obliquely waist-shaped slot 111 extends obliquely upward in the direction from the proximal end to the distal end.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 10 to 9 (This seems incorrect in the original, but translating as is. Maybe it should be Figures 9 to 10?) Regarding the state change, when it is necessary to close the jaw assembly 100, the body 425 of the outer sleeve 420 pushes the drive tube 426 to move toward the distal end. The second drive portion 4262 on the drive tube 426 abuts against the second driven portion 122 on the anvil 120. The pin 123 moves from the lower proximal end of the obliquely waist-shaped slot 111 to the upper distal end. The anvil 120 pivots downward, and the jaw assembly 100 closes.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 9 to 10 Regarding the state change, when it is necessary to open the jaw assembly 100, the body 425 of the outer sleeve 420 pulls the drive tube 426 to move toward the proximal end. The first drive portion 4261 on the drive tube 426 abuts against the first driven portion 121 on the anvil 120. The pin 123 moves from the upper distal end of the obliquely waist-shaped slot 111 to the lower proximal end. The anvil 120 pivots upward, and the jaw assembly 100 opens.

[0037] The locking portion 310 includes an abutting surface 315. When the locking component is in the unlocked state, the elastic member 320 is compressed, and the elastic member 320 generates an elastic force that causes the locking portion 310 to move distally. The outer sleeve 420 abuts against the abutting surface 315 of the locking portion 310 distally of the locking portion 310, restricting the locking portion 310 from moving distally; in response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the outer sleeve 420 releases the restriction on the locking portion 310, and the locking portion 310 can move distally, such that the elastic member 320 is released, and the elastic force of the elastic member 320 drives the locking portion 310 to move distally until the locking portion 310 cooperates with the mating portion 210. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the distal position to the proximal position, the outer sleeve 420 abuts against the abutting surface 315, driving the locking portion 310 to move proximally, separating the locking portion 310 from the mating portion 210, and compressing the elastic member 320.

[0038] In one embodiment, when the jaw assembly 100 is in the proximal position, the outer sleeve 420 abuts against the abutting surface 315; when the jaw assembly 100 is in the distal position, the outer sleeve 420 is separated from the abutting surface 315. During the process of the outer sleeve 420 moving from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve 420 releases the restriction on the locking portion 310, the elastic member 320 is released, driving the locking portion 320 to move distally. When the locking portion 310 can move distally to cooperate with the mating portion 210, the outer sleeve 420 has not reached the distal position, and the jaw assembly 100 is not in the closed state. The outer sleeve 420 continues to move distally until it reaches the distal position, and the jaw assembly 100 is in the closed state.

[0039] When the locking part 310 can move distally to cooperate with the mating part 210, during the process that the outer sleeve 420 continues to move distally, since when the locking part 310 cooperates with the mating part 210, the locking part 310 is abutted by the mating part 210 located distally thereof, and the mating part 210 restricts the locking part 310 from moving distally, the elastic member 320 cannot be continuously released, so that the locking part 310 remains at the position where it cooperates with the mating part 210 and cannot continue to move distally. That is, during the process that the outer sleeve 420 continues to move distally, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally while the locking part 310 does not move distally. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the distal position, the locking part 310 is separated from the outer sleeve 420. When the tissue clamped by the jaw assembly 100 is relatively thick, limited by the thickness of the tissue, the anvil 120 is blocked by the tissue when rotating relative to the cartridge seat 110, so that the jaw assembly 100 cannot be completely closed. After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the anvil 120 and the cartridge seat 110 form a certain angle with each other, and the outer sleeve 420 cannot move to the distal position when moving distally. In the above embodiment, before the outer sleeve 420 moves to the distal position, the locking part 310 can cooperate with the mating part 210, and the locking structure 300 can be switched to the locked state. That is, even when the outer sleeve 420 cannot move to the distal position, the locking structure 300 can also be switched to the locked state, so as to prevent the jaw assembly 100 clamping the tissue from rotating and pulling the tissue during the subsequent surgical process, which affects the surgical effect. For example, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally from the proximal position for a first distance to reach the distal position, when the distance that the outer sleeve 420 moves distally is less than or equal to half of the first distance, the locking part 310 can move to cooperate with the mating part 210, and the locking structure 300 can be switched to the locked state.

[0040] The outer sleeve 420 includes a tube body 421 and a restricting member connected to the tube body 421. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the locking part 310 is separated from the mating part 210, the elastic member 320 is compressed, and the restricting member is located distally of the locking part 310 to abut against the locking part 310 to restrict the movement of the locking part 310, so that the locking part 310 remains at the position separated from the mating part 210. For example, the restricting member abuts against the abutting surface 315 of the locking part 310. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the proximal position to the distal position, when the restricting member moves distally, that is, moves in a direction away from the abutting surface 315, the restricting member releases the restriction on the locking part 310, so that the locking part 310 can move distally, the elastic member 320 is released, and the released elastic member 320 drives the locking member to move distally, so that the locking assembly 300 is switched from the unlocked state to the locked state.

[0041] In one embodiment, such as Figures 4 to 6As shown, the restricting member includes a protruding portion 422. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the protruding portion 422 abuts against the locking portion 310. For example, a through groove 4211 is formed in the pipe body 421, and the protruding portion 422 is disposed in the through groove 4211. For example, the protruding portion 422 abuts against the abutting surface 315 of the locking portion 310. The outer sleeve 420 is located on the outer periphery of the inner sleeve 410, the locking portion 310 is disposed on the inner sleeve 410, and the protruding portion 422 extends in the direction of the locking portion 310 to abut against the locking portion 310.

[0042] The locking portion 310 includes an abutting portion 312. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the protruding portion 422 abuts against the abutting portion 312 to restrict the movement of the locking portion 310. For example, the abutting portion 312 includes an abutting surface 315, and the protruding portion 422 abuts against the abutting surface 315. The abutting portion 312 protrudes from the locking portion 310 in the direction towards the protruding portion 422 to better abut against the protruding portion 422. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the proximal end of the protruding portion 422 abuts against the abutting portion 312 to restrict the movement of the locking portion 310, and the elastic member 320 is compressed. The protruding portion 422 restricts the locking portion 310 from moving distally by abutting against the abutting portion 312. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the proximal position to the distal position, when the protruding portion 422 moves distally, that is, in the direction away from the abutting surface 315, the protruding portion 422 releases the restriction on the locking portion 310, enabling the locking portion 310 to move distally, and the elastic member 320 is released to drive the locking portion 310 to move distally. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the distal position to the proximal position, the protruding portion 422 moves proximally, and the protruding portion 422 abuts against the abutting portion 312 to push the locking portion 310 to move proximally, causing the locking portion 310 to separate from the mating portion 210, and the elastic member 320 is compressed, thereby switching the locking state of the locking assembly 300 to the unlocking state.

[0043] In another embodiment, such as Figures 12 to 15As shown, the restricting member includes a pull rod 423 and a first connecting portion 424 provided on the pull rod 423, and the pull rod 423 is fixedly connected to the pipe body 421. For example, the pull rod 423 further includes a second connecting portion 4241, and the second connecting portion 4241 is connected to the pipe body 421, so that the pull rod 423 and the first connecting portion 424 can move with the pipe body 421. The locking portion 310 includes a mating groove 313. When the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the locking portion 310 is separated from the mating portion 210, the elastic member 320 is compressed, and the first connecting portion 424 abuts against the proximal groove wall of the mating groove 313. The first connecting portion 424 restricts the movement of the locking portion 310, so that the locking portion 310 remains in a position separated from the mating portion 210. For example, the abutting surface 315 includes the proximal groove wall of the mating groove 313, and the first connecting portion 424 abuts against the abutting surface 315 of the locking portion 310. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the proximal position to the distal position, the first connecting portion 424 and the pull rod 423 move distally. That is, when the first connecting portion 424 moves away from the abutting surface 315, the first connecting portion 424 releases the restriction on the locking portion 310, so that the locking portion 310 can move distally, so that the elastic member 320 is released, and the elastic member 320 drives the locking portion 310 to move distally. In response to the outer sleeve 420 moving from the distal position to the proximal position, the first connecting portion 424 moves proximally, and the first connecting portion 424 abuts against the proximal groove wall of the mating groove 313 to push the locking portion 310 to move proximally, so that the locking portion 310 is separated from the mating portion 210, and the elastic member 320 is compressed, thereby switching the locking state of the locking assembly 300 to the unlocking state.

[0044] In one embodiment, when the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position, the first connecting portion 424 is separated from the distal groove wall of the mating groove 313, so that the first connecting portion 424 can move distally relative to the mating groove 313. After the first connecting portion 424 moves distally until the locking portion 310 can cooperate with the mating portion 210, the outer sleeve 420 has not reached the distal position, and the jaw assembly 100 is not in the closed state. The outer sleeve 420 continues to move distally, driving the first connecting portion 424 to move distally in the mating groove 313. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the distal position, the first connecting portion 424 is separated from the distal groove wall of the mating groove 313, that is, separated from the abutting surface 315.

[0045] Such as Figure 14As shown, the inner sleeve 410 is provided with a moving groove 411. The locking portion 310 is at least partially located within the moving groove 411. The elastic member 320 is located proximal to the locking portion 310. The proximal end of the elastic member 320 abuts against the groove wall of the moving groove 411, and the distal end abuts against the locking portion 310. In response to the release of the elastic member 320, the elastic member 320 drives the locking portion 310 to move distally along the length direction of the moving groove 411, so that the locking portion 310 cooperates with the mating portion 210. The moving groove 411 is opened along the length direction of the inner sleeve 410, and the elastic member 320 is arranged along the length direction of the inner sleeve 410. The moving groove 411 defines that the locking portion 310 can only move proximally or distally along the length direction of the inner sleeve 410.

[0046] In one embodiment, the moving groove 411 includes a narrowing groove 413. The locking portion 310 is partially located within the narrowing groove 413. The narrowing groove 413 includes a first side wall and a second side wall. The first side wall is located on one side in the width direction of the locking portion 310 to limit and stop the locking portion 310, and the second side wall is located on the other side in the width direction of the locking portion 310 to limit and stop the locking portion 310. For example, narrowing portions 412 are provided on both inner walls of the moving groove 411. The narrowing portions 412 protrude from the inner wall of the moving groove 411. A narrowing groove 413 is formed between the two narrowing portions 412. The first side wall of the narrowing groove 413 includes the outer surface of one of the narrowing portions 412, and the second groove wall of the narrowing groove 413 includes the outer surface of the other narrowing portion 412. The width of the narrowing groove 413 is smaller than that of the moving groove 411. Limiting and stopping the locking portion 310 on both sides of the locking portion 310 by the first side wall and the second side wall can better prevent the locking portion 310 from shifting when moving proximally or distally, so that the locking portion 310 can stably cooperate with the mating portion 210. As Figures 16 to 17 As shown, the surgical instrument includes a sleeve driving assembly 500. The sleeve driving assembly 500 includes a driving component and a sleeve driving link 520. One end of the sleeve driving link 520 is rotatably connected to the driving component, and the other end of the sleeve driving link 520 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 420. In response to the rotation of the driving component, the sleeve driving link 520 moves to drive the outer sleeve 420 to move from the proximal position to the distal position, or from the distal position to the proximal position.

[0047] The drive component includes a motor (not shown in the figure), a gear 540 connected to the motor, a sleeve drive gear 510, and a follower 530. The sleeve drive gear 510 is coaxially arranged with the gear 540. In response to the rotation of the motor, the gear 540 rotates to drive the sleeve drive gear 510 to rotate synchronously with the gear 540. The sleeve drive gear 510 meshes with the follower 530, and the sleeve drive gear 510 is configured to drive the follower 530 to rotate when rotating. The follower 530 is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the sleeve drive link 520, and the distal end of the sleeve drive link 520 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 420. The surgical instrument further includes a sleeve movement button and a main control module (not shown in the figure). The sleeve movement button is electrically connected to the main control module. When the surgical instrument is not in use, the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position. When the user presses the sleeve movement button, the main control module controls the motor to rotate in the first direction. The motor assembly 600 drives the sleeve drive gear 510 to rotate, thereby causing the follower 530 to rotate. The follower 530 drives the sleeve drive link 520 to move, and the sleeve drive link 520 pushes the outer sleeve 420 to move distally from the proximal position to the distal position, thereby driving the locking structure 300 to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. When the user presses the sleeve movement button again, the main control module controls the motor to rotate in the second direction. The motor assembly 600 drives the sleeve drive gear 510 to rotate, thereby causing the follower 530 to rotate. The follower 530 drives the sleeve drive link 520 to move, and the sleeve drive link 520 pulls the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally from the distal position to the proximal position, thereby driving the locking structure 300 to switch from the locked state to the unlocked state.

[0048] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0049] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of the feasible embodiments of the present disclosure, and they are not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Any equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument comprising a jaw assembly, an angle steering member, a sleeve assembly, and a locking assembly, wherein the sleeve assembly comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve sleeved around the inner sleeve, the jaw assembly being rotatably connected to the inner sleeve via the angle steering member, and characterized in that: The angle turning member includes a mating portion; the locking assembly includes a locking portion and an elastic member, the outer sleeve is detachably connected to the locking portion, one end of the elastic member is connected to the inner sleeve, and the other end is connected to the locking portion; when the locking assembly is in an unlocked state, the locking portion is separated from the mating portion to unlock the jaw assembly so that the jaw assembly can rotate relative to the inner sleeve; When the locking assembly is in a locked state, the locking portion cooperates with the matching portion to restrict the jaw assembly from rotating relative to the inner sleeve; When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the outer sleeve is connected to the locking portion to restrict the movement of the locking portion, so that the locking portion remains separated from the matching portion, and the elastic member is compressed; in response to the outer sleeve moving distally from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve releases the restriction on the locking portion, so that the elastic member is released to drive the locking portion to move distally to cooperate with the matching portion, so that the locking assembly switches from the unlocked state to the locked state.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein The outer sleeve is connected to the jaw assembly, and the jaw assembly includes a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat. The outer sleeve is connected to the nail anvil. When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the jaw assembly is in an open state. In response to the outer sleeve moving distally from the proximal position to the distal position, the outer sleeve drives the nail anvil to rotate, so that the jaw assembly switches from the open state to the closed state.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein The locking portion includes an abutting surface. When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the outer sleeve abuts against the abutting surface. When the outer sleeve is in the distal position, the outer sleeve is separated from the abutting surface.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein The outer sleeve includes a tube body and a restraining member connected to the tube body; when the outer sleeve is located at the proximal position, the restraining member is located at the distal end of the locking portion and abuts against the locking portion to restrict the movement of the locking portion, so that the locking portion remains separated from the matching portion, and the elastic member is compressed; in response to the outer sleeve moving from the proximal position to the distal position, the restraining member moves distally to release the restraint on the locking portion, and the elastic member is released to drive the locking portion to move distally, so that the locking assembly switches from the unlocked state to the locked state.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 4, wherein: The restricting member includes a protruding portion provided on the tube body. When the outer sleeve is located at the proximal end position, the protruding portion abuts against the locking portion to restrict the movement of the locking portion.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, wherein: The locking portion includes an abutment portion, and when the outer sleeve is located at the proximal end position, the protrusion is located distal to the abutment portion and the protrusion abuts against the abutment portion.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 4, wherein: The restraining member includes a pull rod and a first connecting portion provided on the pull rod, the pull rod is connected to the tube body, and in response to the proximal or distal movement of the tube body, the pull rod and the first connecting portion move synchronously with the tube body, and the locking portion includes a mating groove; when the outer sleeve is located at the proximal position, the first connecting portion abuts against the proximal groove wall of the mating groove to restrict the locking portion from moving distally.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 7, wherein: When the outer sleeve is located at the proximal end position, the first connecting portion is separated from the distal groove wall of the matching groove.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The inner sleeve is provided with a movable groove, the locking portion is at least partially located in the movable groove, the elastic member is located proximal to the locking portion, the proximal end of the elastic member abuts against the groove wall of the movable groove, and the distal end abuts against the locking portion; in response to the outer sleeve releasing the restriction on the locking portion, the elastic member is released, and the elastic member drives the locking portion to move distally along the length direction of the movable groove so that the locking portion cooperates with the mating portion.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 9, wherein The movable groove includes a narrowing groove, and the locking part is partially located in the narrowing groove. The narrowing groove includes a first side wall and a second side wall. The first side wall is located on one side of the locking part in the width direction to limit the locking part, and the second side wall is located on the other side of the locking part in the width direction to limit the locking part.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein The matching portion includes a plurality of locking teeth, and the locking portion includes an inserting portion. When the locking assembly is in the locking state, the inserting portion is plug-connected with at least one of the locking teeth.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein The surgical instrument includes a cannula drive assembly, which includes a drive component and a cannula drive link. One end of the cannula drive link is rotatably connected to the drive component, and the other end of the cannula drive link is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve. In response to rotation of the drive component, the cannula drive link moves to drive the outer sleeve from the proximal position to the distal position, or from the distal position to the proximal position.

Images