Abnormal early warning system and method for urban rail braking energy feedback device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of urban rail braking, in particular to an abnormal early warning system and method for an urban rail braking energy feedback device. The system comprises an IGBT module which is provided with a temperature measuring device, a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a temperature receiving unit, an electric parameter receiving unit and a monitoring unit which is arranged outside a shell of the energy feedback device, wherein the outer side of the IGBT module is provided with a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a temperature receiving unit and an electric parameter receiving unit; the temperature measuring device processes collected temperature data into analog quantity through the temperature receiving unit and then uploads the analog quantity to the monitoring unit. The current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively upload current and voltage data of the IGBT module to the monitoring unit through the electric parameter receiving unit; the monitoring unit analyzes the abnormal condition and the fault condition of the IGBT module based on the received data, and is used for sending out an abnormal early warning when an abnormal condition exists, sending out fault information when a fault exists, and switching the working condition of the IGBT module; the system and the method can send abnormal early warning in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban rail braking, and more particularly to an abnormality early warning system and method for an urban rail braking energy feedback device. Background Art

[0002] Urban rail transit, with its advantages of large passenger capacity and high efficiency, has become a preferred solution to addressing the increasing congestion in cities. During operation, urban rail trains typically rely on diode rectifiers to provide traction. Furthermore, a braking energy regeneration device is introduced to absorb and regenerate the braking energy generated by the frequent acceleration and deceleration of trains between short-distance urban rail stations.

[0003] The key component of a braking energy regeneration device is the IGBT module. This high-power switching device absorbs regenerative braking energy and inverts it into AC power with the same frequency and phase as the grid voltage, sending it back to the grid. This simultaneously processes regenerative energy and stabilizes the DC traction grid voltage. However, due to the operating characteristics of the IGBT module, its peak power can reach 9 to 12MW, generating significant heat. This accumulation of heat in a short period of time can cause significant damage to the IGBT itself. Furthermore, each high temperature exposure causes an irreversible, nonlinear reduction in the lifespan of the IGBT module, leading to failure or even explosion.

[0004] Existing technology can only report a fault when the IGBT module temperature exceeds zero. However, the heat dissipation of the IGBT module in the urban rail brake energy regeneration device is primarily achieved through a heat dissipation module, fan, air duct, air outlet, filter, and other components. Existing high-speed heat dissipation fans are often forced to start, and long-term high-speed operation will exacerbate fan aging. Furthermore, because PM10 dust and other pollutants are often present in substations, dust filters are installed at the air inlet of the fan duct to effectively prevent dust from entering the equipment. However, a clogged filter will hinder air flow into the air inlet. Existing technology cannot provide warnings for abnormalities such as fan failure and filter clogs, cannot prevent the IGBT module from overheating, and cannot identify the cause when the IGBT module temperature exceeds zero. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defect of the energy feedback device described in the above-mentioned prior art that it can only feedback a fault after the temperature of the IGBT module is too high, the present invention provides an abnormal warning system and method for an urban rail brake energy feedback device.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] The abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device, wherein the energy feedback device is configured with several IGBT modules, including: a temperature measuring device installed on the IGBT module, a current transformer and a voltage transformer installed on the outside of the IGBT module, a temperature receiving unit and an electrical parameter receiving unit, and a monitoring unit installed outside the housing of the energy feedback device;

[0008] The temperature measuring device processes the collected temperature data into analog values through the temperature receiving unit and then uploads the analog values to the monitoring unit;

[0009] The current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively upload the current and voltage data of the IGBT module to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit;

[0010] The monitoring unit analyzes the abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module based on the received data, and is used to issue an abnormality warning when an abnormality exists, issue a fault message when a fault exists, and switch the working condition of the IGBT module.

[0011] The present invention also proposes a method based on an abnormal warning system of an urban rail braking energy feedback device, comprising the following steps:

[0012] The temperature data collected by the temperature measuring device is processed into analog value by the temperature receiving unit and then uploaded to the monitoring unit;

[0013] Uploading the current and voltage data of the IGBT module collected by the current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit;

[0014] The abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module are analyzed based on the data received by the monitoring unit. When an abnormality exists, an abnormality warning is issued. When a fault exists, a fault message is issued and the working condition of the IGBT module is switched.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0016] The present invention solves the current problem that faults can only be fed back after the temperature of the IGBT module is too high. By utilizing a temperature measuring device, a current transformer, a voltage transformer and a monitoring unit, the present invention realizes real-time online monitoring of the IGBT module of the energy feedback device, and automatically checks for abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module. When an abnormality exists, an abnormality warning is issued; when a fault exists, a fault message is issued, and the operating condition of the IGBT module is switched. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in Example 1;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first flow chart of the method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a second flow chart of the method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting this patent;

[0022] In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size;

[0023] It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and descriptions thereof may be omitted in the drawings.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] This embodiment proposes an abnormal warning system for urban rail braking energy feedback device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 They are respectively schematic diagrams of the first and second structures of the abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in this embodiment.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the urban rail braking energy feedback device abnormality warning system of this embodiment, the energy feedback device is configured with several IGBT modules, including: a temperature measuring device installed in the IGBT module, a current transformer and a voltage transformer installed outside the IGBT module, a temperature receiving unit and an electrical parameter receiving unit, and a monitoring unit installed outside the housing of the energy feedback device;

[0028] The temperature measuring device processes the collected temperature data into analog values through the temperature receiving unit and then uploads the analog values to the monitoring unit;

[0029] The current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively upload the current and voltage data of the IGBT module to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit;

[0030] The monitoring unit analyzes the abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module based on the received data, and is used to issue an abnormality warning when an abnormality exists, issue a fault message when a fault exists, and switch the working condition of the IGBT module.

[0031] During the specific implementation process, the problem that faults can only be fed back after the temperature of the IGBT module is too high is solved. By using a temperature measuring device, a current transformer, a voltage transformer and a monitoring unit, real-time online monitoring of the IGBT module of the energy feedback device is achieved, and the abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module are automatically checked. When an abnormality exists, an abnormality warning is issued. When a fault exists, a fault message is issued and the working condition of the IGBT module is switched.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, the energy feedback device is configured with M IGBT modules according to the size of its power peak. The temperature measuring devices on the 1st to Mth IGBT modules upload the collected temperature data to the temperature receiving unit, which converts it into analog value T igbt1 ~T igbtM , and the analog quantity T igbt1 ~T igbtM Upload to the monitoring unit, the monitoring unit obtains the analog value T igbt1 ~T igbtM The mean T igbt_avg , if the analog value corresponding to any IGBT module is equal to the mean value T igbt_avg The difference is greater than the preset threshold T igbt_max , an early warning is issued indicating that the IGBT module is abnormal or the load of the energy feedback device is unbalanced; otherwise, no such early warning is issued;

[0033] The monitoring unit receives the analog signal T igbt1 ~T igbtM When the analog value T is recorded igbt1 ~T igbtM At the corresponding time point, the temperature rise curve corresponding to the 1st to Mth IGBT modules is fitted based on the time point, and the temperature change rate S corresponding to the 1st to Mth IGBT modules is calculated based on the temperature rise curve igbt1 ~S ugbtM , if there is a value greater than or equal to the preset threshold S igbt_max If the temperature change rate is greater than 0.05, an alarm message of abnormal heat dissipation of the IGBT module corresponding to the temperature change rate is issued; otherwise, the alarm message is not issued.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively collect the real-time current I M and real-time voltage V M The electric parameter receiving unit is uploaded to the monitoring unit, and the monitoring unit is based on the real-time current IM Draw the real-time action curve of current I curM , based on the real-time voltage V M Draw the voltage real-time action curve V curM , and calculate the curve I curM And the preset standard current curve I curM_std The similarity of the current waveform, and the curve V curM And the preset standard voltage curve V curM_std Similarity of voltage waveforms;

[0035] The monitoring unit is provided with a failure model, which includes: a trained failure model based on abnormal warning information, a current real-time action curve I curM And the standard current curve I curM_std The current failure model for predicting IGBT module fault information and the trained abnormal warning information and voltage real-time action curve V curM And the standard voltage curve V curM_std Voltage failure model for predicting IGBT module fault information;

[0036] If the current waveform similarity is greater than a preset first similarity threshold, the abnormal warning issued during the monitoring process, the curve I curM and curve I curM_std The current failure model is input, and the current failure model outputs the IGBT module fault information. At the same time, the monitoring unit switches the IGBT module to a suspended working state; if the voltage waveform similarity is greater than the preset second similarity threshold, the abnormal warning issued during the monitoring process is issued, and the curve V curM and curve V curM_std The voltage failure model is input, and the voltage failure model outputs IGBT module fault information. At the same time, the monitoring unit switches the IGBT module to a suspended working state; otherwise, no IGBT module fault information is issued and the working state of the IGBT module is not switched.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the device further comprises: a temperature measuring device installed on the outside of the air inlet of the energy feedback device and a temperature measuring device installed on the inside of the air inlet of the energy feedback device;

[0038] The temperature measuring device outside the air inlet of the energy feedback device uploads the collected temperature data to the temperature receiving unit, and the temperature receiving unit converts it into an analog value T aiouti ;

[0039] The temperature measuring device inside the air inlet uploads the collected temperature data to the temperature receiving unit, which converts it into analog value T aiini ;

[0040] The temperature receiving unit converts the analog value T aiouti and T aiini Upload to the monitoring unit, the monitoring unit calculates T aiouti and T aiini The difference between aiouti and T aiini The difference exceeds the preset threshold T ai_max , an early warning indicating that the internal environment of the energy feedback device is abnormal is issued; otherwise, no such early warning is issued.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, it further includes: a remote monitoring platform;

[0042] The remote monitoring platform is used to obtain information from monitoring units corresponding to all energy feedback devices of the target urban rail line, and is also used to analyze abnormal conditions of the energy feedback devices based on the obtained information, and is used to issue abnormality warnings when abnormalities exist;

[0043] Assume that the target urban rail line has N substations equipped with energy feedback devices, and the monitoring units of the energy feedback devices of the 1st to Nth substations of the target urban rail line obtain the analog value T corresponding to the outside temperature of the air inlet of the energy feedback devices of the 1st to Nth substations. aiout1 ~T aioutN , and obtain the analog quantity T aiout1 ~T aioutN The mean T aiout_avg , if the analog value T corresponding to the outside temperature of the air inlet of any energy feedback device aiouti and mean T aiout_avg The difference is greater than the preset threshold T aiout_max , then an early warning of abnormal external environment of the energy feedback device is issued, otherwise, no such early warning is issued, wherein 1≤i≤N.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the further comprising: a communication unit and a display;

[0045] The communication unit is used to enable the remote monitoring platform and the display to communicate with the monitoring unit respectively.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, the device further comprises: a wind speed measuring device installed at the air inlet of the energy feedback device, a current measuring device installed in the fan circuit at the air outlet of the energy feedback device, and a blade speed measuring device installed on the fan at the air outlet of the energy feedback device;

[0047] The wind speed measuring device at the air inlet of the energy feedback device converts the collected wind speed information into analog WS in , and the analog WS in Upload to the monitoring unit; the current measuring device collects the operating current I fanUpload to the monitoring unit in real time; the blade speed measurement device collects the blade speed S fan Upload to the monitoring unit; the monitoring unit will current I fan Converted into the corresponding blade speed S fan_I , the speed S fan Converted to the corresponding wind speed WS out_S ;

[0048] If the speed S fan_I With speed S fan The difference is greater than the preset threshold S fan_max , then an abnormal warning of fan failure is issued, otherwise, no warning is issued;

[0049] If WS out_s With WS in The difference exceeds the preset threshold S in_max , an abnormal warning of filter blockage is issued, otherwise, no warning is issued.

[0050] As an exemplary illustration, the wind speed measuring device is a wind speed transmitter.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the device further comprises: a temperature measuring device installed at the air outlet of the energy feedback device;

[0052] The temperature measuring device at the air outlet converts the collected air outlet temperature into an analog value and uploads it to the monitoring unit; the blade speed measuring device uploads the collected blade speed to the monitoring unit, and the monitoring unit converts the blade speed into the corresponding wind speed; the air outlet temperature analog value T of the energy feedback device of the 1st to Nth substation is obtained through the monitoring unit of the energy feedback device of the 1st to Nth substation. out1 ~T outN The wind speed corresponding to the blade speed is calculated to obtain the analog temperature T of the air outlet. out1 ~T outN The mean T out_avg , if the outlet temperature of any energy feedback device is equal to the mean value T when the target urban rail line is in operation out_avg The difference exceeds the preset threshold T out_max If the wind speed corresponding to the blade rotation speed of the energy feedback device is at the highest speed, an abnormal warning of excessive operating temperature of the overall energy feedback device will be issued. If the wind speed corresponding to the blade rotation speed of the energy feedback device is not at the highest speed, an abnormal warning of fan control system failure will be issued. Otherwise, no such warning will be issued.

[0053] As an exemplary explanation, the abnormal internal environment of the energy feedback device is the abnormal internal environment of the bidirectional converter device of the energy feedback device.

[0054] As an example, the standard current curve IcurM_std And the standard voltage curve V curM_std Provided by the remote monitoring platform.

[0055] As an example, the calculation curve I curM And the preset standard current curve I curM_std The similarity of the current waveform, and the curve V curM And the preset standard voltage curve V curM_std When the voltage waveform similarity is calculated, the neural network is used to calculate the waveform similarity.

[0056] As an exemplary illustration, the monitoring unit includes a first monitoring module and a second monitoring module;

[0057] The first monitoring module is used to analyze abnormal conditions of the energy feedback device based on data collected by the temperature measuring device, the wind speed measuring device, the current measuring device, and the blade speed measuring device, and to issue an abnormality warning when an abnormality occurs;

[0058] A failure model is set in the second monitoring module. The failure model is used to automatically detect the fault state of the IGBT module based on the abnormal warning issued by the first monitoring module and the data received by the current transformer and the voltage transformer. When a fault is detected, the IGBT module fault information is issued and the working condition of the IGBT module is switched.

[0059] As an example, the temperature measuring device uploads the temperature information remotely and directly to the temperature receiving unit, and then to the monitoring unit, and then to the display and remote monitoring platform, etc. The wind speed measuring device uploads the wind speed information in the air duct to the monitoring unit, and transmits it to the display and remote monitoring platform, etc. through the communication unit. The current measuring device uploads the wind turbine current information to the monitoring unit, and transmits it to the display and remote monitoring platform, etc. through the communication unit. The blade speed measuring device uploads the blade speed information to the monitoring unit, and transmits it to the display and remote monitoring platform, etc. through the communication unit. The first monitoring module (heat dissipation data calculation unit or heat dissipation data collection unit) is directly installed on the device body and is used to calculate and analyze real-time data. The current transformer and voltage transformer upload the current and voltage data of the IGBT module to the second monitoring module (failure model calculation unit) through the electrical parameter receiving unit. The failure model calculation unit is directly installed on the device body and is used to calculate and analyze real-time data and compare electrical parameter models.

[0060] This invention provides a system capable of providing early warning and real-time self-checking of the heat dissipation system in key components of a brake energy regenerative device. This system collects data on key components, such as electrical parameters and wind speed. The heat dissipation early warning module and fault self-check module then upload the warning results to the device's display screen and remote monitoring platform for display. Simultaneously, relevant information is notified to operators for inspection and modules that are about to fail are automatically switched, reducing the adverse effects of temperature on IGBT modules and potential failures, thereby protecting the entire brake energy regenerative device. This method effectively ensures the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] This embodiment proposes a method based on an abnormal warning system of an urban rail braking energy feedback device on the basis of embodiment 1. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first flow chart of the method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in this embodiment.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device includes the following steps:

[0064] S1: The temperature data collected by the temperature measuring device is processed into analog value by the temperature receiving unit and then uploaded to the monitoring unit;

[0065] S2: uploading the current and voltage data of the IGBT module collected by the current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit;

[0066] S3: Analyze the abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module based on the data received by the monitoring unit, issue an abnormality warning when an abnormality exists, issue a fault message when a fault exists, and switch the working condition of the IGBT module.

[0067] This embodiment further proposes a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device as described in this embodiment.

[0068] It can be understood that the method of this embodiment is based on the system of embodiment 1, and the options in the above embodiment 1 are also applicable to this embodiment, so they will not be described again here.

[0069] Example 3:

[0070] This embodiment proposes a specific implementation example of a method based on an abnormal warning system of an urban rail braking energy feedback device based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2; Figure 4This is a second flow chart of the method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device proposed in this embodiment;

[0071] In the specific implementation example, Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: The temperature measuring device outside the air inlet collects the temperature information of the air inlet. The temperature processing unit receives the information and converts it into an analog value T aiout1 The data is uploaded to the data collection unit, and the temperature measurement device inside the air inlet collects the relevant information and converts it into analog value T by the temperature processing unit. aiin1 , and upload it to the monitoring unit. aiout1 and T aiin1 The difference exceeds the preset T ai_max , it is determined that the internal environment of the energy feedback device is abnormal, and an early warning of the abnormal internal environment of the energy feedback device is issued.

[0073] Step 2: Assume that a certain urban rail line has N substations equipped with energy feedback devices. The remote monitoring platform collects the temperature of the air inlet outside the energy feedback device of each substation as T aiout1 ~T aioutN If the temperature data T of a certain energy feedback device aiout and the average temperature T outside the air inlet aiout_avg The difference is greater than the preset maximum value T aiout_max , it is determined that there is a certain abnormality in the external environment of the energy feedback device, and an early warning of the abnormality of the external environment of the energy feedback device is issued.

[0074] Step 3: The energy feedback device will be configured with M IGBT power modules according to the size of its power peak. The temperature measurement device on the IGBT power module sends the received information to the temperature receiving unit, which then converts it into an analog value T igbt1 ~T igbtM Then send it to the monitoring unit. If the temperature data T igbt1 and the average temperature T of the IGBT power module igbt_avg The difference is greater than the preset T igbt_max , it is determined that the IGBT power module is abnormal or the energy feedback device load is unbalanced. At the same time, the monitoring unit receives the temperature data T of the IGBT power module. igbt1 ~T igbtM , and record the corresponding time points synchronously, and then fit the corresponding temperature rise curve according to different power modules. Then calculate the temperature change rate S of the IGBT power module igbt1 ~S igbtM and with preset S igbt_max Compare, if a module has Sigbt ≥S igbt_max , indicating that the module's temperature rise rate is abnormal, which means that there is an abnormality in the heat dissipation of the IGBT power module and a corresponding alarm message is issued. Otherwise, the temperature rise rate is within the normal range.

[0075] Step 4: The wind speed transmitter at the air inlet collects wind speed information and converts it into analog WS in After that, it is uploaded to the monitoring unit. The current measuring device of the fan at the outlet measures the operating current I fan Upload to the monitoring unit in real time. The speed measuring device used to measure the speed of the fan blades will measure the speed of the blades S fan Upload to the monitoring unit. The monitoring unit converts the fan operating current into the corresponding blade speed S fan_I And the wind speed WS at the corresponding speed out_I The monitoring unit converts the fan blade speed into the corresponding wind speed WS out_S If there is a blade speed S converted from the fan current fan_I , and the blade speed S fan The difference is greater than the preset S fan_max , it means that the fan itself may have problems such as failure, aging, serious dust accumulation on the blades, etc., and a fan failure warning is issued. Otherwise, it means that the fan itself is working normally. out_S With WS in The difference exceeds the preset S in_max , it means that the filter at the air inlet may be clogged and an early warning of filter clogging will be issued.

[0076] Step 5: The temperature measuring device at the air outlet obtains relevant data T out1 After that, the data is uploaded to the temperature receiving device and then uploaded to the monitoring unit. The remote monitoring platform collects the outlet temperature of the energy feedback device of each substation as T out1 ~T outN The energy feedback device outlet motor measures the blade speed S fan , and the corresponding wind speed WS is calculated by the monitoring unit out_S When the remote monitoring platform determines that the urban rail line is in operation, the outlet temperature T out1 The average outlet temperature of all energy feedback devices in this line is T out_avg The difference exceeds the preset T out_max , and WS out_S At the highest speed, it means that the overall operating temperature of the energy feedback device is high and a corresponding warning is issued. out_S If the fan is not running at the highest level and the warning in step 4 does not occur, it is determined that the fan control system is abnormal and the fan operation cannot be adjusted according to the corresponding working conditions of the energy feedback device, and a fault warning of the fan control system is issued.

[0077] Step 6: When steps 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 occur, the monitoring unit will simultaneously transmit the internal environment alarm of the device, the external environment alarm of the device, the abnormal heat dissipation warning of the IGBT power module, the load imbalance warning of the IGBT power module, the filter blockage warning, the abnormal temperature rise warning of the IGBT power module, the abnormal aging warning of the fan, the abnormal warning of the fan control system, and the long-term high-load warning of the energy feedback device to the second monitoring module (failure model calculation unit), so that the failure model calculation unit can automatically replace the failure model of the module after experiencing different abnormalities. As an exemplary illustration, the failure model is a neural network model, and the parameters of the failure model will change after experiencing different abnormalities.

[0078] Step 7: The current transformer of the IGBT module measures the relevant parameters I M After that, the monitoring unit draws the current real-time action curve I curM Through the neural network in the monitoring unit, I curM and I curM_std The two curves are compared. At the same time, the voltage transformer of the IGBT module measures the relevant parameters V M After that, the monitoring unit draws the voltage real-time action curve V curM . The neural network in the monitoring unit will curM The VcurM_std curve is compared with the VcurM_std curve. If the difference between the two curves exceeds a preset value, the data is input into the failure model. The failure model then performs a self-check and proactively reports IGBT module failure information. It also automatically switches the IGBT module operating mode to prevent further damage. The failure model also outputs different IGBT module failure results based on the different anomalies the IGBT module experiences.

[0079] The braking energy regeneration device is a device that converts electrical energy from AC to DC. It absorbs the regenerative braking energy of urban rail vehicles and inverts it into AC power with the same frequency and phase as the grid voltage, sending it back to the grid. IGBT power module: Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor; a composite, fully controlled, voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of a BJT (bipolar junction transistor) and a MOS (insulated gate field-effect transistor).

[0080] The key component of the regenerative braking system is the IGBT module. This high-power switching device absorbs regenerative braking energy and inverts it into AC power with the same frequency and phase as the grid voltage, sending it back to the grid. This simultaneously processes the regenerative energy and stabilizes the DC traction grid voltage. However, due to the operating characteristics of the IGBT module, its peak power can reach 9 to 12MW, which generates a significant amount of heat. This accumulation of heat in a short period of time can cause significant damage to the IGBT itself. Each high temperature exposure also causes an irreversible, nonlinear reduction in the lifespan of the IGBT module, leading to failure or even explosion. To address this issue, two approaches can be taken. First, ensure that the cooling system of the IGBT module in the regenerative braking system is functioning properly to reduce the module's high-temperature operating conditions. Second, the device can automatically detect fault conditions in the IGBT module, providing a warning and switching the module's operating mode.

[0081] Based on the above analysis, to ensure that the IGBT module operates without serious consequences in urban rail brake energy regeneration systems, it is necessary to synchronize module heat dissipation anomaly warnings with fault self-diagnosis. Currently, heat dissipation for IGBT modules in urban rail brake energy regeneration systems is primarily provided by the heat dissipation module, fan, air duct, air outlet, and filter. Existing high-speed cooling fans are often forced into a state of forced operation. Long-term high-speed operation can accelerate fan aging. Therefore, the health of the cooling fan is critical to the proper operation of the cooling system. Furthermore, because PM10 dust and other pollutants are often present in substations, dust filters are installed at the air inlets of the fan ducts to prevent dust from entering the equipment. Therefore, ensuring the cleanliness of the filters is also a crucial component in maintaining the cooling system. The operating condition of the IGBT is primarily reflected by its electrical parameter curve during operation. Therefore, transformers are installed at the input and output terminals of the IGBT module to plot the operating condition curves and perform analysis and self-diagnosis. In summary, the combined effect of these two measures can systematically reduce the risk of failure in urban rail brake energy regeneration systems.

[0082] As urban rail lines continue to expand, the more operational and maintenance equipment and data they collect, the more challenging their operation and management becomes. Therefore, critical primary equipment, ensuring smooth urban rail operation, requires an intelligent system capable of providing early warnings based on temperature anomalies. This system and method enables real-time online monitoring of the energy feedback device during operation and, based on temperature and wind speed information, provides early warnings of potential anomalies in the cooling system of the key IGBT module. Simultaneously, a local failure model is established, along with a failure model update mechanism. This enables real-time self-testing of the IGBT module and automatically switches its operating mode, mitigating potential losses.

[0083] The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components;

[0084] The terms used in the drawings to describe positional relationships are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent;

[0085] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device is characterized by: The energy feedback device is configured with several IGBT modules, including: a temperature measuring device installed on the IGBT module, a current transformer and a voltage transformer installed on the outside of the IGBT module, a temperature receiving unit and an electrical parameter receiving unit, and a monitoring unit installed outside the housing of the energy feedback device; The temperature measuring device processes the collected temperature data into analog values through the temperature receiving unit and then uploads the analog values to the monitoring unit; The current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively upload the current and voltage data of the IGBT module to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit; The monitoring unit analyzes the abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module based on the received data, and is used to issue an abnormality warning when an abnormality exists, issue a fault message when a fault exists, and switch the working condition of the IGBT module.

2. The abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy feedback device is configured with M IGBT modules according to the size of its power peak. The temperature measuring devices on the 1st to Mth IGBT modules upload the collected temperature data to the temperature receiving unit, which converts it into analog value T igbt1 ~T igbtM , and the analog quantity T igbt1 ~T igbtM Upload to the monitoring unit, the monitoring unit obtains the analog value T igbt1 ~T igbtM The mean T igbt_avg , if the analog value corresponding to any IGBT module is equal to the mean value T igbt_avg The difference is greater than the preset threshold T igbt_max , an early warning is issued indicating that the IGBT module is abnormal or the load of the energy feedback device is unbalanced; otherwise, no such early warning is issued; The monitoring unit receives the analog signal T igbt1 ~T igbtM When the analog value T is recorded igbt1 ~T igbtM At the corresponding time point, the temperature rise curve corresponding to the 1st to Mth IGBT modules is fitted based on the time point, and the temperature change rate S corresponding to the 1st to Mth IGBT modules is calculated based on the temperature rise curve igbt1 ~S igbtM , if there is a value greater than or equal to the preset threshold S igbt_max If the temperature change rate is greater than 0.05, an alarm message of abnormal heat dissipation of the IGBT module corresponding to the temperature change rate is issued; otherwise, the alarm message is not issued.

3. The abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively collect the real-time current I M and real-time voltage V M The data is uploaded to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit, and the monitoring unit is based on the real-time current I M Draw the real-time action curve of current I curM , based on the real-time voltage V M Draw the voltage real-time action curve V curM , and calculate the curve I curM And the preset standard current curve I curM_std The similarity of the current waveform, and the curve V curM And the preset standard voltage curve V curM_std Similarity of voltage waveforms; The monitoring unit is provided with a failure model, which includes: a trained failure model based on abnormal warning information, a current real-time action curve I curM And the standard current curve I curM_std The current failure model for predicting IGBT module fault information and the trained abnormal warning information and voltage real-time action curve V curM And the standard voltage curve V curM_std Voltage failure model for predicting IGBT module fault information; If the current waveform similarity is greater than a preset first similarity threshold, the abnormal warning issued during the monitoring process, the curve I curM and curve I curM_std The current failure model is input, and the current failure model outputs the IGBT module fault information. At the same time, the monitoring unit switches the IGBT module to a suspended working state; if the voltage waveform similarity is greater than the preset second similarity threshold, the abnormal warning issued during the monitoring process is issued, and the curve V curM and curve V curM_std The voltage failure model is input, and the voltage failure model outputs IGBT module fault information. At the same time, the monitoring unit switches the IGBT module to a suspended working state; otherwise, no IGBT module fault information is issued and the working state of the IGBT module is not switched.

4. The abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: a temperature measuring device installed on the outside of the air inlet of the energy feedback device and a temperature measuring device installed on the inside of the air inlet of the energy feedback device; The temperature measuring device outside the air inlet of the energy feedback device uploads the collected temperature data to the temperature receiving unit, and the temperature receiving unit converts it into an analog value T aiouti ; The temperature measuring device inside the air inlet uploads the collected temperature data to the temperature receiving unit, which converts it into analog value T aiini ; The temperature receiving unit converts the analog value T aiouti and T aiini Upload to the monitoring unit, the monitoring unit calculates T aiouti and T aiini The difference between aiouti and T aiini The difference exceeds the preset threshold T ai_max , an early warning indicating that the internal environment of the energy feedback device is abnormal is issued; otherwise, no such early warning is issued.

5. The abnormal warning system for the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Also includes: Remote monitoring platform; The remote monitoring platform is used to obtain information from monitoring units corresponding to all energy feedback devices of the target urban rail line, and is also used to analyze abnormal conditions of the energy feedback devices based on the obtained information, and is used to issue abnormality warnings when abnormalities exist; Assume that the target urban rail line has N substations equipped with energy feedback devices, and the monitoring units of the energy feedback devices of the 1st to Nth substations of the target urban rail line obtain the analog value T corresponding to the outside temperature of the air inlet of the energy feedback devices of the 1st to Nth substations. aiout1 ~T aioutN , and obtain the analog quantity T aiout1 ~T aioutN The mean T aiout_avg , if the analog value T corresponding to the outside temperature of the air inlet of any energy feedback device aiouti and mean T aiout_avg The difference is greater than the preset threshold T aiout_max , then an early warning of abnormal external environment of the energy feedback device is issued, otherwise, no such early warning is issued, wherein 1≤i≤N.

6. The abnormal warning system based on the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Also includes: communication unit and display; The communication unit is used to enable the remote monitoring platform and the display to communicate with the monitoring unit respectively.

7. The abnormal warning system based on the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Also includes: A wind speed measuring device installed at the air inlet of the energy feedback device, a current measuring device installed in the fan circuit at the air outlet of the energy feedback device, and a blade speed measuring device installed on the fan at the air outlet of the energy feedback device; The wind speed measuring device at the air inlet of the energy feedback device converts the collected wind speed information into analog WS in , and the analog WS in Upload to the monitoring unit; the current measuring device collects the operating current I fan Upload to the monitoring unit in real time; The blade speed measuring device collects the blade speed S fan Upload to the monitoring unit; The monitoring unit will current I fan Converted into the corresponding blade speed S fan_I , the speed S fan Converted to the corresponding wind speed WS out_S ; If the speed S fan_I With speed S fan The difference is greater than the preset threshold S fan_max , then an abnormal warning of fan failure is issued, otherwise, no warning is issued; If WS out_S With WS in The difference exceeds the preset threshold S in_max , an abnormal warning of filter blockage is issued, otherwise, no warning is issued.

8. The abnormal warning system based on the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Also includes: a temperature measuring device installed at the air outlet of the energy feedback device; The temperature measuring device at the air outlet converts the collected air outlet temperature into an analog value and uploads it to the monitoring unit; the blade speed measuring device uploads the collected blade speed to the monitoring unit, and the monitoring unit converts the blade speed into the corresponding wind speed; The outlet temperature analog value T of the energy feedback device of the 1st to Nth substation is obtained through the monitoring unit of the energy feedback device of the 1st to Nth substation. out1 ~T outN The wind speed corresponding to the blade speed is calculated to obtain the analog temperature T of the air outlet. out1 ~T outN The mean T out_avg , if the outlet temperature of any energy feedback device is equal to the mean value T when the target urban rail line is in operation out_avg The difference exceeds the preset threshold T out_max If the wind speed corresponding to the blade rotation speed of the energy feedback device is at the highest speed, an abnormal warning of excessive operating temperature of the overall energy feedback device will be issued. If the wind speed corresponding to the blade rotation speed of the energy feedback device is not at the highest speed, an abnormal warning of fan control system failure will be issued. Otherwise, no such warning will be issued.

9. A method based on an abnormal warning system for an urban rail braking energy feedback device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The temperature data collected by the temperature measuring device is processed into analog value by the temperature receiving unit and then uploaded to the monitoring unit; Uploading the current and voltage data of the IGBT module collected by the current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit; The abnormal conditions and fault conditions of the IGBT module are analyzed based on the data received by the monitoring unit. When an abnormality exists, an abnormality warning is issued. When a fault exists, a fault message is issued and the working condition of the IGBT module is switched.

10. The method based on the abnormal warning system of the urban rail braking energy feedback device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: When the current and voltage data of the IGBT module collected by the current transformer and the voltage transformer are uploaded to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit, the current transformer and the voltage transformer respectively collect the real-time current I M and real-time voltage V M The data is uploaded to the monitoring unit through the electrical parameter receiving unit, and the monitoring unit is based on the real-time current I M Draw the real-time action curve of current I curM , based on the real-time voltage V M Draw the voltage real-time action curve V curM , and calculate the curve I curM And the preset standard current curve I curM_std The similarity of the current waveform, and the curve V curM And the preset standard voltage curve V curM_std Similarity of voltage waveforms; The monitoring unit is provided with a failure model, which includes: a trained failure model based on abnormal warning information, a current real-time action curve I curM And the standard current curve I curM_std The current failure model for predicting IGBT module fault information and the trained abnormal warning information and voltage real-time action curve V curM And the standard voltage curve V curM_std Voltage failure model for predicting IGBT module fault information; If the current waveform similarity is greater than a preset first similarity threshold, the abnormal warning issued during the monitoring process, the curve I curM and curve I curM_std The current failure model is input, and the current failure model outputs the IGBT module fault information. At the same time, the monitoring unit switches the IGBT module to a suspended working state; if the voltage waveform similarity is greater than the preset second similarity threshold, the abnormal warning issued during the monitoring process is issued, and the curve V curM and curve V curM_std The voltage failure model is input, and the voltage failure model outputs IGBT module fault information. At the same time, the monitoring unit switches the IGBT module to a suspended working state; otherwise, no IGBT module fault information is issued and the working state of the IGBT module is not switched.

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