Continuous material turning, discharging and composting fermentation device and treatment method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous turning and discharging compost fermentation device and a treatment method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of compost ferment.The continuous turning and discharging compost fermentation device comprises a compost fermentation tank, and a compost feeding mechanism, a fermentation assisting mechanism and a continuous collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged on the compost fermentation tank from top to bottom. Through cooperation of the feeding hopper and the collecting hopper, a continuous feeding and discharging mechanism is constructed, and after being covered by bacterial powder in the dust box, an input new material is mixed with a semi-cured material to form a strain relay transmission mode, so that the operation efficiency of the compost fermentation tank is effectively improved, the material turning and discharging continuity of the compost fermentation tank is improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced. And external air introduced through the ventilation window can reduce the temperature gradient of the semi-finished fertilizer and preheat the newly fed material by using the waste heat of the pile body, so that the overall energy consumption of the device is reduced, the inactivation of mesophilic flora due to local overheating is avoided, and the activity of the fermentation bacterial colony in the fermentation process is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composting and fermentation, in particular to a continuous material turning and discharging composting and fermentation device and a processing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As people's living standards continue to improve, the speed at which domestic waste is generated is also accelerating. In the process of recycling domestic waste, people often use composting fermentation technology to achieve harmless treatment of kitchen waste (organic solid waste).

[0003] At present, in the process of treating organic solid waste, box composting devices are often used to treat it. However, traditional box composting devices still have the following problems:

[0004] 1. There are defects in temperature control. During the temperature rise stage of aerobic fermentation, the device lacks an effective mechanical disturbance mechanism, resulting in a significant thermal gradient distribution inside the pile. The high-temperature area (>65 degrees) continues to exist, which inhibits the activity of warm microorganisms, causes the biomass of functional bacteria to decay, and reduces the activity of extracellular enzymes, affecting the decomposition efficiency of lignocellulosic substances and ultimately prolonging the composting cycle.

[0005] 2. There are obstacles to continuous operation. The existing box-type composting device adopts a fully mixed reaction mode, which leads to a strong coupling between the feeding and discharging processes. In the batch operation mode, the entire composting cycle (usually 25-30 days) must be completed and the reaction container must be emptied before new materials can be added. This intermittent operation not only results in low equipment utilization, but also leads to a periodic waste of thermal energy resources (each time it is necessary to wait for the fermentation temperature of the pile to rise to the appropriate temperature for the colony), which seriously reduces the application efficiency of the composting process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device and a processing method thereof.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A continuous turning and discharging composting fermentation device comprises a composting fermentation tank, wherein the composting fermentation tank is provided with a compost feeding mechanism, a fermentation auxiliary mechanism and a continuous collecting mechanism in descending order;

[0009] The inner wall of the compost fermentation tank is provided with a compost support, and the compost feeding mechanism includes a feeding hopper rotatably arranged above the compost support, and a dust box mounted on the inner wall of the compost fermentation tank is provided at the top edge area of the feeding hopper;

[0010] The fermentation auxiliary mechanism includes a moisture buffer box provided at the edge areas on both sides of the feed hopper and a swing drive assembly provided below the compost fermentation tank. A ventilation assembly connected to the moisture buffer box is provided on the side of the compost fermentation tank.

[0011] The continuous collection mechanism includes a collecting bucket rotatably arranged below the composting support, the collecting bucket is composed of a closed net and a baffle plate, the bottom of the collecting bucket is provided with a collecting pipe installed at the bottom of the composting fermentation tank, and an electromagnetic valve is provided in the collecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a preliminary collection hole is provided at the top of the compost support, and a ventilation hole is provided at the bottom of the compost support. Two chambers are provided in the compost fermentation tank, which are, from high to low, a turning and mixing chamber and a compost collection chamber. The feed hopper is provided in the turning and mixing chamber, and the collection hopper is provided in the compost collection chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the moisture buffer box is symmetrically arranged, and its cross section is arranged to be arc-shaped. The inner wall of the moisture buffer box is filled with a water-absorbing layer through a barrier net, and the water-absorbing layer is made of a porous water-absorbing material.

[0014] Preferably, the swing drive assembly includes a servo motor fixedly mounted on the side of the compost fermentation tank, the output shaft of the servo motor is rotatably connected to a crank through a drive disk, one end of the crank is rotatably connected to a reciprocating rack, the reciprocating rack is slidably connected to a limiting sleeve mounted on the side of the compost fermentation tank, and the top of the reciprocating rack is engaged with a drive gear fixed to the feed hopper and the collection hopper.

[0015] Preferably, a collecting net rotatably connected to the composting support is provided between the feed hopper and the collecting hopper, and a sealing sleeve is provided on the collecting net. The fertilizer composted in the feed hopper enters the collecting hopper through the channel between the preliminary collecting hole and the collecting net.

[0016] Preferably, the ventilation assembly includes a ventilation window opened on the inner wall of the compost collection chamber and a ventilation pipe connected to the side of the moisture buffer box, and the ventilation pipe is fixedly installed on the bottom of the compost bracket through the ventilation hole.

[0017] Preferably, the enclosed net is arranged on the front and rear sides and the bottom of the collecting hopper, and the baffle is arranged on the left and right sides of the collecting hopper. The collecting hopper passes through the ventilation window through the swing process of the swing drive component to ventilate the collected compost.

[0018] Preferably, a compost fermentation detection component is further provided in the compost fermentation tank for detecting the compost fermentation progress. The compost fermentation detection component consists of a temperature detection component and a humidity detection component. The temperature detection component includes a temperature detection sensor arranged on the top of the moisture buffer box and in the collection hopper. The humidity detection component includes a humidity detection sensor arranged in the feed hopper. The temperature detection sensor and the humidity detection sensor are electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve and the servo motor. The fermentation progress in the compost fermentation tank is detected by the temperature detection sensor and the humidity detection sensor, and the corresponding electromagnetic valve and servo motor are started.

[0019] A processing method for a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device includes the following processing steps:

[0020] S1: Compost raw materials are fed into the feed hopper. Compost raw materials containing water, nitrogen and carbon are fed into the feed hopper. Compost fermentation bacteria powder in a proportion suitable for the input compost raw materials is added into the dust box.

[0021] S2: Raw material mixing: driven by the swing drive assembly, the feed hopper and the collection hopper are driven to swing, so that the compost raw materials and the compost fermentation bacteria powder are evenly mixed during the swinging process of the feed hopper;

[0022] S3: Composting starts. After the composting raw materials are fed in, the swing drive assembly is closed so that the feed hopper is close to the inner wall of one side of the mixing chamber, and the raw materials are left to compost and ferment.

[0023] S4: Turning detection: During the composting process, the compost fermentation detection component detects the temperature and humidity of the fermentation in the hopper. When the compost fermentation temperature and humidity reach the threshold, the swing drive component is activated again to drive the hopper and the collection hopper to swing, turning the compost. During the turning process, the fertilizer powder that has been preliminarily fermented falls into the collection hopper.

[0024] S5: Compost collection. In the collecting hopper, the temperature of the fertilizer initially collected in the collecting hopper is detected by a temperature detection sensor. When the temperature is the same as the external ambient temperature of the compost fermentation tank and no longer rises, the electromagnetic valve is opened to transport the fermented fertilizer in the collecting hopper to the collection pipe.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. By coordinating the feed hopper and the collection hopper, a continuous feeding and discharging mechanism is constructed. When the new material is covered by the bacterial powder in the dust box, it is mixed with the semi-mature material to form a bacterial strain relay transmission mode, thereby effectively improving the operating efficiency of the compost fermentation tank and increasing its turning and discharging continuity. The outside air introduced through the ventilation window can reduce the temperature gradient of the semi-finished fertilizer and use the waste heat of the pile to preheat the new material, so as to reduce the overall energy consumption of the device.

[0027] 2. The temperature detection sensor and humidity detection sensor are used to monitor the status of the fermentation pile in real time, and the swing drive component is triggered in time to perform periodic material turning, which effectively breaks the thermal stratification phenomenon inside the pile and forces the materials in the high-temperature area and the low-stratification area to mix, avoiding the inactivation of mesophilic bacteria due to local overheating, and significantly improving the activity of the fermentation colony during the fermentation process.

[0028] 3. By combining the ventilation components with the ventilation windows, the intermittent oxygen concentration and humidity of the pile can be coordinated and controlled. The accumulation of volatile fatty acids produced by anaerobic metabolism can be inhibited during the dynamic gas exchange process. By discharging excess water vapor, the water saturation of the pile pores can be reduced, thus avoiding the obstruction of the diffusion of extracellular enzymes.

[0029] 4. The symmetrical swing mechanism of the feed hopper and the collection hopper allows multiple units to operate synchronously, taking into account both environmental friendliness and economy, reducing the investment cost of composting fermentation per unit volume of raw materials, and providing a high-energy-efficiency technical path for the resource utilization of organic solid waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is an overall structural assembly diagram of a continuous material turning and discharging composting and fermentation device proposed by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding hopper and collecting hopper in a continuous material turning and discharging composting and fermentation device proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a structural assembly diagram of a compost support, a feed hopper, and a collection hopper in a continuous material turning and discharging composting and fermentation device proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cross section of the composting fermentation tank and dust box in a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cross section of the composting fermentation tank and the collecting pipe in a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of a processing method for a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device proposed by the present invention.

[0038] Figure numerals: 1. Compost fermentation tank; 11. Compost support; 111. Preliminary collection hole; 12. Turning and mixing chamber; 13. Compost collection chamber; 131. Ventilation window; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Dust box; 4. Moisture buffer box; 41. Barrier net; 42. Ventilation pipe; 5. Collection hopper; 51. Closing net; 52. Barrier plate; 53. Collection net; 6. Servo motor; 61. Drive disk; 62. Crank; 63. Reciprocating rack; 64. Drive gear; 7. Collection tube; 71. Solenoid valve; 8. Temperature detection sensor; 9. Humidity detection sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "mounted / connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0042] Example, see Figures 1 to 7A continuous turning and discharging composting fermentation device comprises a composting fermentation tank 1, on which a compost feeding mechanism, a fermentation auxiliary mechanism and a continuous collecting mechanism are sequentially arranged from high to low, so that nitrogen materials, carbon materials and composting fermentation colonies can be fed into the composting fermentation tank 1 through the compost feeding mechanism, and the raw materials in the internal composting process are disturbed by the fermentation auxiliary mechanism to avoid a significant thermal gradient distribution inside the compost body, thereby providing a more comfortable fermentation environment for the composting fermentation colonies. Then, after the fermentation of the raw materials is completed, the fermented fertilizer is continuously collected by the continuous collecting mechanism;

[0043] It should be noted that the compost raw materials used in the composting fermentation tank 1 contain moisture, such as rotten vegetable leaves, rotten fruits, and animal carcasses or feces, so that during the composting fermentation process, the moisture required for the composting fermentation colonies can be extracted from the nitrogen material, and the carbon material fed into the composting fermentation tank 1 through the compost feeding mechanism can be dead branches and leaves, sawdust, rice husks, coconut coir, pine needles or straw. Among them, the composting fermentation colonies, the hydrous nitrogen material and the carbon material are all common raw materials in the existing composting technology, and will not be repeated in the subsequent description of the selection of the composting fermentation colonies, the hydrous nitrogen material and the carbon material.

[0044] A compost support 11 is provided on the inner wall of the compost fermentation tank 1. The compost feeding mechanism includes a feed hopper 2 rotatably arranged above the compost support 11. A dust box 3 mounted on the inner wall of the compost fermentation tank 1 is provided on the top edge area of the feed hopper 2.

[0045] Furthermore, a preliminary collecting hole 111 is provided at the top of the compost support 11, and a ventilation hole is provided at the bottom of the compost support 11. Two chambers are provided in the compost fermentation tank 1, which are, from high to low, a turning and mixing chamber 12 and a compost collecting chamber 13. The feed hopper 2 is provided in the turning and mixing chamber 12, and the collecting hopper 5 is provided in the compost collecting chamber 13.

[0046] It should be noted that: a feed port is provided at the top of the compost fermentation tank 1, and a closing cover is rotatably connected to the feed port, which can block flies and insects through the closing cover after the nitrogen material and carbon material are put into the compost fermentation tank 1, and each time the material is added, the corresponding fermentation colony powder is injected into the dust box 3, so that after the carbon material and nitrogen material are put into the feed hopper 2, the fermentation colony powder can be sprinkled into the feed hopper 2 through the swing drive component, so that the material is mixed evenly after feeding, so that the fermentation colonies are evenly distributed inside the pile during fermentation, thereby accelerating the fermentation process of the pile;

[0047] Based on the above, the feeding of compost raw materials into the feeding hopper 2 is divided into two processes: initial feeding and continuous feeding. When the initial feeding is performed in the feeding hopper 2, the feeding process is the same as the feeding process described above.

[0048] When continuous feeding is carried out in the feed hopper 2 (the continuous feeding process, i.e., the best time for re-feeding is when the pile in the feed hopper 2 needs to be turned over), that is, when some compost raw materials are in the feed hopper 2 and are undergoing composting, the fermentation colonies scattered in the dust box 3 are evenly covered on the surface of the newly fed compost raw materials, and then, under the action of the swing drive component, the adhered fermentation colonies, the newly fed compost raw materials and the raw materials in the composting process are mixed, so that the temperature of the pile during the composting process can provide a suitable fermentation temperature for the newly fed fermentation colonies, thereby making full use of the heat energy resources generated during the composting fermentation process.

[0049] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the fermentation auxiliary mechanism includes a moisture buffer box 4 provided at the edge areas on both sides of the feed hopper 2 and a swing drive assembly provided below the compost fermentation tank 1. A ventilation assembly connected to the moisture buffer box 4 is provided on the side of the compost fermentation tank 1.

[0050] Furthermore, the moisture buffer box 4 is symmetrically arranged, and its cross section is arranged in an arc shape. The inner wall of the moisture buffer box 4 is filled with a water-absorbing layer through a barrier net 41, and the water-absorbing layer is made of a porous water-absorbing material;

[0051] It should be noted that when the composting fermentation tank 1 is fermenting, the moisture buffer box 4 and the ventilation component, in conjunction with the swing drive component, can provide the fermenting bacteria in the composting fermentation tank with a suitable oxygen concentration, humidity and temperature. Therefore, the fermentation process in the composting fermentation tank 1 is divided into a moisture buffer process and a ventilation process.

[0052] A further benefit of adopting the above method is that the porous water-absorbing material can be activated carbon, nanoporous glass material, nanoporous carbon material or modified chitosan-based composite material, which can absorb excess water generated during the fermentation of the pile in the hopper 2 and flow into the water buffer box 4. When ventilation is performed through the ventilation component, water vapor can be injected into the hopper 2 to supplement the water required for the fermentation of the pile, and at the same time reduce the water in the water buffer box 4, so as to absorb excess water in the fermentation process of the subsequent compost raw materials, thereby achieving water buffering of the pile fermentation through the water buffer box 4.

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the swing drive assembly includes a servo motor 6 fixedly mounted on the side of the compost fermentation tank 1. The output shaft of the servo motor 6 is rotatably connected to a crank 62 through a drive disk 61. One end of the crank 62 is rotatably connected to a reciprocating rack 63. The reciprocating rack 63 is slidably connected to a limiting sleeve mounted on the side of the compost fermentation tank 1. The top of the reciprocating rack 63 is engaged with a driving gear 64 fixed to the feed hopper 2 and the collection hopper 5.

[0054] It should be noted that: when the feed hopper 2 and the collection hopper 5 need to be driven to swing, the servo motor 6 is started to drive the drive disk 61 to rotate, so that the crank 62 drives the reciprocating rack 63 restricted by the limiting sleeve to perform reciprocating linear motion, thereby driving the drive gear 64 fixed to the feed hopper 2 and the collection hopper 5 to swing back and forth, realizing the reciprocating swing of the feed hopper 2 and the collection hopper 5.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the ventilation assembly includes a ventilation window 131 opened on the inner wall of the compost collection chamber 13 and a ventilation pipe 42 connected to the side of the moisture buffer box 4. The ventilation pipe 42 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the compost bracket 11 through the ventilation hole;

[0056] Furthermore, a closed net 51 is provided on the front, rear and bottom sides of the collecting hopper 5, and a baffle plate 52 is provided on the left and right sides of the collecting hopper 5. The collecting hopper 5 passes through the ventilation window 131 through the swinging process of the swing drive assembly, and a partition net is provided inside the ventilation window 131 to filter flying insects in the outside air and ventilate the collected compost;

[0057] It should be noted that the ventilation process of the ventilation component driven by the swing drive component is divided into a fermentation ventilation process and a fertilizer collection ventilation process, wherein the fermentation ventilation process is: when the collecting hopper 5 is synchronously swung by the reciprocating swing of the driving gear 64, the baffle plate 52 continuously squeezes and expands the space in the compost collection chamber 13, so that the symmetrically arranged ventilation windows 131 are in the middle section of the swinging process of the collecting hopper 5, and the air in the squeezed space of the compost collection chamber 13 is blown into the moisture buffer box 4 through the ventilation pipe 42, and the outside air and the air in the moisture buffer box 4 are sucked into the expanded space of the compost collection chamber 13, and the expanded space and the squeezed space in the compost collection chamber 13 are exchanged when the collecting hopper 5 falls back, thereby realizing automatic ventilation of the compost space in the feeding hopper 2;

[0058] The ventilation process of collecting fertilizers is as follows: when the collecting bucket 5 swings to the closed net 51 and is connected to the ventilation window 131, the outside air and the gas in the internal space of the collecting bucket 5 are ventilated through the ventilation window 131, thereby providing oxygen for the fertilizer that has fallen into the collecting bucket 5 and has completed preliminary fermentation, and cooling the fertilizer therein during the ventilation process.

[0059] Based on the above, by opening the ventilation window 131 on the inner wall of the compost collection chamber 13, the fertilizer in the collection hopper 5 can be replaced with the circulating outside air in advance, so that the temperature in the collection hopper 5 can be lower than the temperature in the feed hopper 2, which is convenient for the temperature detection sensor 8 in the collection hopper 5 to detect the temperature of the fertilizer in the collection hopper 5.

[0060] The continuous collection mechanism includes a collecting hopper 5 rotatably arranged below the composting support 11. The collecting hopper 5 is composed of a closed net 51 and a baffle 52. The bottom of the collecting hopper 5 is provided with a collecting pipe 7 installed at the bottom of the composting fermentation tank 1. An electromagnetic valve 71 is provided in the collecting pipe 7.

[0061] Furthermore, a collecting net 53 rotatably connected to the composting support 11 is provided between the feed hopper 2 and the collecting hopper 5. A sealing sleeve is provided on the collecting net 53. The fertilizer composted in the feed hopper 2 passes through the passage between the preliminary collecting hole 111 and the collecting net 53 and enters the collecting hopper 5.

[0062] It should be noted that the temperature of the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 is detected by the temperature detection sensor 8. When the temperature is close to the external ambient temperature and no longer increases, the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 is determined to be fertilizer that has completed composting and fermentation. The electromagnetic valve 71 can then be activated to inject the fermented fertilizer into the collecting pipe 7, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately releasing the fermented fertilizer.

[0063] Based on the above, the process of discharging the material in the collecting hopper 5 is divided into an initial discharging process and a continuous discharging process. The initial discharging process is the process of releasing the fermented fertilizer as described above, and the continuous discharging process occurs during the intervals between feeding the compost. The temperature detection sensor 8 in the collecting hopper 5 repeats the above detection process. When the fertilizer is determined to be compost fermentation complete, it is collected through the collecting pipe 7.

[0064] A further advantage of adopting the above method is that when the feed hopper 2 and the collecting hopper 5 are swung by the swing drive assembly, the drier powdered fertilizer falls into the collecting hopper 5 when the collecting net 53 overlaps with the preliminary collecting hole 111 (one of the obvious characteristics of the composted fertilizer is that it is crisp and fragile, which is the physical characteristic of the existing mature compost and will not be described in detail here), so that the fertilizer that has been preliminarily composted can be collected in the collecting hopper 5, and when the collecting net 53 and the preliminary collecting hole 111 are in a non-overlapping area, the composting bracket 11 rotates relative to the collecting net 53 to clean the surface of the collecting net 53, thereby avoiding excessive fertilizer accumulation on the surface of the collecting net 53, causing mesh blockage and reducing the fertilizer collection efficiency of the collecting hopper 5.

[0065] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a compost fermentation detection component is also provided in the compost fermentation tank 1 for detecting the compost fermentation process. The compost fermentation detection component consists of a temperature detection component and a humidity detection component. The temperature detection component includes a temperature detection sensor 8 arranged at the top of the moisture buffer box 4 and in the collection hopper 5. The humidity detection component includes a humidity detection sensor 9 arranged in the feed hopper 2. The temperature detection sensor 8 and the humidity detection sensor 9 are electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve 71 and the servo motor 6. The fermentation process in the compost fermentation tank 1 is detected by the temperature detection sensor 8 and the humidity detection sensor 9, and the corresponding electromagnetic valve 71 and servo motor 6 are started.

[0066] It should be noted that: the temperature detection sensor 8 and the humidity detection sensor 9 in the feed hopper 2 can monitor the fermentation state of the raw materials in the composting process in real time. When the temperature and humidity of the compost in the feed hopper 2 are both at a high level, it is determined that the compost raw materials in the feed hopper 2 have entered the turning process, thereby avoiding a significant thermal gradient distribution in the pile. At the same time, the turning of the raw materials can be used to mix the pile evenly, so that the pile with higher moisture content can be evenly spread out, so that when ventilation is performed, more water vapor can be discharged from the compost fermentation tank 1 along with the air circulation.

[0067] The temperature detection sensor 8 in the collecting hopper 5 can detect the temperature of the fertilizer dropped into the collecting hopper 5. When the internal temperature is close to the external ambient temperature and no longer rises, it is determined that the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 is completely fermented, and the electromagnetic valve 71 is opened to allow the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 to enter the collecting pipe 7, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately releasing the completely fermented fertilizer.

[0068] like Figure 8 As shown, a processing method of a continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device includes the following processing steps:

[0069] S1: Compost raw materials are fed into the feed hopper 2. Compost raw materials containing water, nitrogen and carbon are fed into the feed hopper 2. Compost fermentation bacteria powder in a proportion suitable for the input compost raw materials is added into the dust box 3.

[0070] S2: Raw material mixing: driven by the swing drive assembly, the feed hopper 2 and the collecting hopper 5 are driven to swing, so that the compost raw materials and the compost fermentation bacteria powder are evenly mixed during the swinging process of the feed hopper 2;

[0071] S3: Composting starts. After the composting raw materials are fed, the swing drive assembly is closed so that the feed hopper 2 is attached to the inner wall of the mixing chamber 12, and the raw materials are left to compost and ferment.

[0072] S4: Turning detection: During the composting process, the compost fermentation detection component detects the temperature and humidity of the fermentation in the feed hopper 2. When the compost fermentation temperature and humidity reach the threshold, the swing drive component is activated again to drive the feed hopper 2 and the collection hopper 5 to swing, turning the composted fertilizer. During the turning process, the fertilizer powder that has been preliminarily fermented falls into the collection hopper 5.

[0073] S5: Compost collection. In the collecting hopper 5, the temperature of the fertilizer initially collected in the collecting hopper 5 is detected by the temperature detection sensor 8. When the temperature is the same as the external ambient temperature of the compost fermentation tank 1 and does not rise any more, the electromagnetic valve 71 is opened to transport the fermented fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 to the collecting pipe 7.

[0074] It should be noted that in steps S1 and S2, the specific process of feeding the compost raw materials is as follows: a feeding port is provided on the top of the compost fermentation tank 1, and a closing cover is rotatably connected to the feeding port, so that after the nitrogen material and the carbon material are fed into the compost fermentation tank 1, flies and insects can be blocked by the closing cover, and each time the material is fed, the corresponding fermentation colony powder is injected into the dust box 3, so that after the carbon material and the nitrogen material are fed into the feeding hopper 2, the fermentation colony powder can be sprinkled into the feeding hopper 2 through the swing driving component, so that uniform mixing is achieved after the feeding, so that when the pile body is fermented, the fermentation colonies are evenly distributed inside the pile body, thereby accelerating the fermentation process of the pile body;

[0075] Based on the above, when continuous feeding is carried out in the feed hopper 2 (the continuous feeding process, that is, the best time for re-feeding is when the pile in the feed hopper 2 needs to be turned over), that is, when some compost raw materials exist in the feed hopper 2 for composting, the fermentation colonies scattered in the dust box 3 are evenly covered on the surface of the newly fed compost raw materials, and then under the action of the swing drive component, the adhered fermentation colonies, the newly fed compost raw materials and the raw materials in the composting process are mixed, so that the pile temperature during the composting process can provide a suitable fermentation temperature for the newly fed fermentation colonies, thereby making full use of the heat energy resources generated during the composting fermentation process.

[0076] In step S3, the turning detection occurs in the feed hopper 2. The specific process of the turning detection and turning is as follows: the fermentation state of the raw materials in the composting process in the feed hopper 2 can be monitored in real time through the temperature detection sensor 8 and the humidity detection sensor 9 in the feed hopper 2. When the temperature and humidity of the compost in the feed hopper 2 are both at a high level, it is determined that the compost raw materials in the feed hopper 2 have entered the turning process, thereby avoiding a significant thermal gradient distribution in the pile body. At the same time, the turning of the raw materials can be used to mix the pile body evenly, so that the pile body with higher moisture content can be evenly spread out, so that when ventilation is carried out, more water vapor can be discharged from the compost fermentation tank 1 along with the air circulation;

[0077] Based on the above, during the turning of raw materials in the feed hopper 2, ventilation is achieved in the feed hopper 2 through the ventilation assembly, and the ventilation process is as follows: when the collecting hopper 5 is synchronously swung by the reciprocating swing of the driving gear 64, the space in the compost collection chamber 13 is continuously squeezed and expanded by the blocking plate 52, so that the symmetrically arranged ventilation windows 131 are in the middle section of the swinging process of the collecting hopper 5, and the air in the squeezed space of the compost collection chamber 13 is blown into the moisture buffer box 4 through the ventilation pipe 42, and the outside air and the air in the moisture buffer box 4 are sucked into the expanded space of the compost collection chamber 13, and the collection hopper 5 is waited for to fall back, and the expansion space and the squeezed space in the compost collection chamber 13 are exchanged, thereby realizing automatic ventilation of the compost space in the feed hopper 2.

[0078] In step S4, the specific process of fermentation detection and release in the collecting hopper 5 is as follows: the temperature of the fertilizer dropped into the collecting hopper 5 can be detected by the temperature detection sensor 8 in the collecting hopper 5. When the internal temperature is close to the external ambient temperature and no longer increases, it is determined that the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 is completely fermented, and the electromagnetic valve 71 is opened to allow the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 to enter the collecting pipe 7, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately releasing the fermented fertilizer.

[0079] Based on the above, when the collecting hopper 5 participates in the flipping of the raw materials in the feed hopper 2, the ventilation window 131 cooperates with the ventilation component to enable the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 to quickly exchange heat with the outside air and replenish oxygen in time for the fertilizer that has not been fully fermented. The specific process is: when the collecting hopper 5 swings to the closed net 51 and connects with the ventilation window 131, the outside air and the gas in the internal space of the collecting hopper 5 are exchanged through the ventilation window 131, so that oxygen can be provided for the fertilizer that has fallen into the collecting hopper 5 and has been preliminarily fermented, and the fertilizer inside is cooled during the ventilation process. By opening the ventilation window 131 on the inner wall of the compost collection chamber 13, the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5 can be replaced with the circulating outside air in advance, so that the temperature in the collecting hopper 5 can be lower than the temperature in the feed hopper 2, so that the temperature detection sensor 8 in the collecting hopper 5 can detect the temperature of the fertilizer in the collecting hopper 5.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device, comprising a composting fermentation tank (1), characterized in that: The compost fermentation tank (1) is provided with a compost feeding mechanism, a fermentation auxiliary mechanism and a continuous collection mechanism in order from high to low; The inner wall of the compost fermentation tank (1) is provided with a compost support (11); the compost feeding mechanism comprises a feed hopper (2) rotatably arranged above the compost support (11); a dust box (3) mounted on the inner wall of the compost fermentation tank (1) is provided at the top edge area of the feed hopper (2); The fermentation auxiliary mechanism comprises a moisture buffer box (4) arranged at the edge areas on both sides of the feed hopper (2) and a swing drive assembly arranged below the compost fermentation tank (1); a ventilation assembly in communication with the moisture buffer box (4) is arranged on the side of the compost fermentation tank (1); The continuous collection mechanism comprises a collecting hopper (5) rotatably arranged below a compost support (11), the collecting hopper (5) consisting of a closed net (51) and a baffle (52), a collecting pipe (7) mounted on the bottom of a compost fermentation tank (1) being arranged at the bottom of the collecting hopper (5), and an electromagnetic valve (71) being arranged in the collecting pipe (7).

2. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the compost support (11) is provided with a preliminary collecting hole (111), and the bottom of the compost support (11) is provided with a ventilation hole. Two chambers are provided in the compost fermentation tank (1), which are, from high to low, a turning and mixing chamber (12) and a compost collecting chamber (13). The feeding hopper (2) is provided in the turning and mixing chamber (12), and the collecting hopper (5) is provided in the compost collecting chamber (13).

3. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjacent moisture buffer boxes (4) are symmetrically arranged, and the cross-section is arranged to be arc-shaped. The inner wall of the moisture buffer box (4) is filled with a water-absorbing layer through a barrier net (41), and the water-absorbing layer is made of a porous water-absorbing material.

4. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing drive assembly comprises a servo motor (6) fixedly mounted on the side of the compost fermentation tank (1); an output shaft of the servo motor (6) is rotatably connected to a crank (62) via a drive disc (61); one end of the crank (62) is rotatably connected to a reciprocating rack (63); the reciprocating rack (63) is slidably connected to a limiting sliding sleeve mounted on the side of the compost fermentation tank (1); and the top of the reciprocating rack (63) is engaged with a driving gear (64) fixed to the feed hopper (2) and the collection hopper (5).

5. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A collecting net (53) rotatably connected to the composting support (11) is provided between the feed hopper (2) and the collecting hopper (5); a sealing sleeve is provided on the collecting net (53); and the fertilizer composted in the feed hopper (2) passes through a channel between the preliminary collecting hole (111) and the collecting net (53) and enters the collecting hopper (5).

6. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ventilation assembly comprises a ventilation window (131) provided on the inner wall of the compost collection chamber (13) and a ventilation pipe (42) communicating with the side of the moisture buffer box (4); the ventilation pipe (42) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the compost support (11) through the ventilation hole.

7. A continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The closed net (51) is arranged on the front and rear sides and the bottom of the collecting hopper (5), and the blocking plate (52) is arranged on the left and right sides of the collecting hopper (5). The collecting hopper (5) passes through the ventilation window (131) through the swinging process of the swing driving component to ventilate the collected compost.

8. The continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The compost fermentation tank (1) is further provided with a compost fermentation detection component for detecting the compost fermentation process. The compost fermentation detection component is composed of a temperature detection component and a humidity detection component. The temperature detection component includes a temperature detection sensor (8) arranged at the top of the moisture buffer box (4) and in the collection hopper (5). The humidity detection component includes a humidity detection sensor (9) arranged in the feed hopper (2). The temperature detection sensor (8) and the humidity detection sensor (9) are electrically connected to the electromagnetic valve (71) and the servo motor (6). The fermentation process in the compost fermentation tank (1) is detected by the temperature detection sensor (8) and the humidity detection sensor (9), and the corresponding electromagnetic valve (71) and the servo motor (6) are started.

9. The processing method proposed by the continuous material turning and discharging composting fermentation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that: The following processing steps are included: S1: Compost raw materials are fed into the feed hopper (2). Compost raw materials containing water, nitrogen and carbon are fed into the feed hopper (2). Compost fermentation bacteria powder in a proportion suitable for the input compost raw materials is added into the dust box (3). S2: Raw material mixing: under the drive of the swing drive assembly, the feed hopper (2) and the collection hopper (5) are driven to swing, so that the compost raw materials and the compost fermentation bacteria powder are evenly mixed during the swinging process of the feed hopper (2); S3: Composting starts. After the composting raw materials are fed in, the swing drive assembly is closed so that the feed hopper (2) is in contact with the inner wall of one side of the mixing chamber (12), and the raw materials are left to compost and ferment. S4: Turning detection. During the composting process, the temperature and humidity of the fermentation in the feed hopper (2) are detected by the compost fermentation detection component. When the compost fermentation temperature and humidity reach the threshold value, the swing drive component is started again to drive the feed hopper (2) and the collection hopper (5) to swing, turning the composted fertilizer. During the turning process, the fertilizer powder that has been preliminarily fermented falls into the collection hopper (5); S5: Compost collection. In the collecting hopper (5), the temperature of the fertilizer initially collected in the collecting hopper (5) is detected by the temperature detection sensor (8). When the temperature is the same as the external ambient temperature of the compost fermentation tank (1) and does not rise any more, the electromagnetic valve (71) is opened to transport the fermented fertilizer in the collecting hopper (5) to the collecting pipe (7).

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