Whole chicken powder fertilizer water paste prepared by utilizing microwaves as well as preparation method and application of whole chicken powder fertilizer water paste

Abstract

The invention discloses whole chicken powder fertilizer water paste prepared by utilizing microwaves as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The fertilizer water paste comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of whole chicken powder, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar and 3-8 parts of a trace element premix. According to the invention, through precise dosage ratio, fine treatment of the raw materials, precise regulation and control of microwave parameters and precise control of a cooling environment, the prepared fertilizer water paste is reasonable in nutrition collocation, good in product uniformity, high in stability, stable in fertilizer efficiency and high in fertilizer utilization rate, and can provide powerful support for algae reproduction; the stable acid-base environment and dissolved oxygen level of the water body are maintained, so that the algae growth and the self-purification and reoxygenation capabilities of the water body are dynamically balanced, the ecological health and stability of the culture water body are ensured, the diversified water body ecological environment is created, and the requirements of different culture scenes are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a whole chicken powder fertilizer paste prepared by utilizing microwaves, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In aquaculture, fertilizing water is an important task. Good fertilizing products and methods can provide aquatic organisms with rich nutrients and promote their growth and reproduction. There are many kinds of fertilizing products on the market, but there are defects such as extensive raw material selection and proportioning, high cost, etc., which lead to problems such as unstable fertilizing effect, high fertilizing cost, and certain pollution to the environment. In addition, traditional preparation methods also have disadvantages such as complex process and long time consumption, which makes the quality of the prepared fertilizing products unstable. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a fertilizing product that can improve the quality and stability of the product, reduce production costs, and reduce adverse effects on the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer paste with low raw material cost, reasonable nutritional combination of each raw material, good product uniformity, high stability, stable and efficient fertilizer effect, and environmental friendliness.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the fertilizer paste.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the fertilizer paste in aquaculture.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a water fertilization method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention provides a fertilizer paste, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of whole chicken powder, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar and 3-8 parts of trace element premix.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the whole chicken powder comprises the following steps: cutting the chicken and bones into pieces, microwave-treating, crushing, and sieving to obtain the whole chicken powder; the microwave treatment has a power of 6 to 30 kW, a frequency of 2450 MHz, and a time of 15 to 20 minutes.

[0010] Preferably, the mesh size of the sieve is 80 to 100 meshes.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the fertilizer paste, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] Weigh the raw materials by weight; dissolve humic acid, brown sugar and trace element premix respectively; mix the raw materials to obtain pretreated raw materials; microwave-heat the pretreated raw materials to obtain a paste; cool and fill the paste to obtain a fertilizer paste.

[0013] Preferably, the conditions for the microwave heating treatment are: power of 1000-1500 W, frequency of 2450 MHz, and heating time of 20-30 min.

[0014] Preferably, the cooling temperature is 20-25°C.

[0015] The present invention also provides an application of the fertilizer paste in aquaculture.

[0016] Preferably, the water body for aquaculture includes fresh water or sea water.

[0017] The present invention also provides a water fertilizing method, which comprises applying the water fertilizing paste to a water body.

[0018] Preferably, the method of applying the fertilizer paste includes: applying the fertilizer paste 10-20g / m 3 , then apply once every 5 days, the application amount is based on the initial application amount plus or minus 2 to 4 g / m 3 .

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention provides a kind of fertilizer paste and its preparation method and application, the fertilizer paste uses whole chicken powder as raw material, humic acid, brown sugar and trace element premix as auxiliary materials, through accurate dosage ratio, fine treatment of raw materials, accurate regulation of microwave parameters and accurate control of cooling environment, so that the prepared fertilizer paste has reasonable nutrition matching, good product uniformity, high stability, stable fertilizer effect and high fertilizer utilization rate, which can provide strong support for algae reproduction, maintain a stable acid-base environment and dissolved oxygen level in the water body, so that algae growth and water body self-purification and reoxygenation ability reach a dynamic balance, ensuring the health and stability of the aquaculture water ecology, creating a diversified water ecological environment, and meeting the needs of different aquaculture scenarios. The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of unstable nutrient supply and adverse impact on the water environment of traditional fertilizer products, provides an efficient, stable and environmentally friendly fertilizer and water solution, and ensures the efficient utilization of water fertility in the early stage of aquaculture.

[0021] The present invention uses whole chicken powder as raw material and microwave technology to prepare fertilizer paste. This method has the advantages of simple process, short production time, low cost, good effect, etc. The fertilizer paste prepared by the present invention can provide rich nutrients for aquaculture, promote the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms, and is environmentally friendly. The fertilizer method provided by the present invention accurately controls the application dosage according to different water conditions, breaks through the disadvantages of the "one-size-fits-all" use of traditional fertilizers, and realizes precise fertilization, which not only ensures the moderate growth of algae, but also avoids environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies caused by excessive use of fertilizers, thereby improving the ecological and economic benefits of aquaculture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The invention provides a fertilizer paste, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of whole chicken powder, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar and 3-8 parts of trace element premix.

[0023] In the present invention, the source of the whole chicken powder is not particularly limited and can be purchased through conventional channels or prepared using conventional methods. As an embodiment, the preparation method of the whole chicken powder preferably comprises: cutting the chicken and bones into pieces, microwave-treating, crushing, and sieving to obtain the whole chicken powder.

[0024] In the present invention, the type and source of the whole chicken are not particularly limited, but are preferably whole broiler chickens; the broiler chickens are preferably disease-free and pollution-free. The chicken meat and bones are preferably obtained by pre-processing disease-free and pollution-free broiler chickens; the pre-processing includes removing inedible parts such as feathers, viscera, and claws, leaving only the chicken meat and bones.

[0025] In the present invention, the chicken and bones are cut into small pieces for subsequent processing.

[0026] In the present invention, the microwave treatment power is preferably 6-30 kW, 10-16 kW, or 16-20 kW; the microwave treatment frequency is preferably 2450 MHz; and the microwave treatment duration is preferably 15-20 minutes, 16-17 minutes, or 18-19 minutes. During microwave heating, the molecules within the material vibrate at high speed, generating frictional heat, which rapidly evaporates moisture from the chicken and bones. Simultaneously, components such as protein and fat undergo a certain degree of decomposition and denaturation under the action of microwaves. After microwave treatment, the chicken and bones become crispy.

[0027] In the present invention, after microwave treatment, the material is cooled to room temperature, and the cooled material is pulverized. The method of pulverization is not particularly limited, and a pulverizer can be used for pulverization. The pulverized powder is preferably screened through an 80-100 mesh sieve, more preferably 85-90 mesh or 90-97 mesh or 95-100 mesh, to remove larger particles and obtain whole chicken powder with uniform particle size. The present invention finely pulverizes and sieves the whole chicken powder through a specific mesh sieve to accurately remove coarse particles that affect subsequent reactions. Compared with the traditional raw material processing method without fine screening, it not only ensures the uniform heating and sufficient reaction of the whole chicken powder in subsequent processing, but also lays the foundation for subsequent synergistic synergy with auxiliary materials, and ensures the stability and consistency of the quality of the fertilizer paste product from the source. The prepared whole chicken powder needs to be sealed and stored to avoid moisture and other contamination to ensure its stable quality so that it can be used in the subsequent production of fertilizer paste.

[0028] In the present invention, the source of the trace element premix is not particularly limited and can be purchased through conventional commercial channels, for example, from Jiangsu Putao Jingzuo Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. (product name: Green Fenwei Micro Yuanbao, purchase source: Alibaba). The source of humic acid and brown sugar is not particularly limited in the present invention and can be purchased through conventional commercial channels.

[0029] In the present invention, the weight portion of the whole chicken powder is preferably 67 to 82 parts or 70 to 76 parts or 76 to 80 parts; the weight portion of the humic acid is preferably 11 to 12 parts or 12 to 13 parts; the weight portion of the brown sugar is preferably 6 to 7 parts or 7 to 8 parts; the weight portion of the trace element premix is preferably 4 to 5 parts or 5 to 6 parts.

[0030] In the present invention, based on years of research on the nutritional needs of aquaculture and a large amount of experimental data, the specific addition ratio of whole chicken powder and auxiliary materials (auxiliary materials refer to humic acid, brown sugar, and trace element premixes) is determined. This precise ratio breaks the traditional single nutritional supplement model of fertilizer and water paste. The various ingredients can form an efficient synergistic network, and the released nutrients are more in line with the needs of algae at different growth stages, greatly improving the efficiency of fertilizer and water.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the fertilizer paste, which comprises the following steps:

[0032] Weigh the raw materials by weight; dissolve humic acid, brown sugar and trace element premix respectively; mix the raw materials to obtain pretreated raw materials; microwave-heat the pretreated raw materials to obtain a paste; cool and fill the paste to obtain a fertilizer paste.

[0033] In the present invention, the humic acid, brown sugar, and trace element premix are dissolved separately. When dissolving the humic acid, the weight of the water is preferably 8 to 12 times the weight of the humic acid, more preferably 10 times. When dissolving the humic acid, it is preferably heated to 50 to 60°C, more preferably 55°C, and stirred continuously for 10 to 15 minutes, more preferably 12.5 minutes, to ensure complete dissolution of the humic acid. When dissolving the brown sugar, the weight of the water is preferably 3 to 5 times the weight of the brown sugar, more preferably 4 times. When dissolving the brown sugar, it is preferably stirred at room temperature until completely dissolved. When dissolving the trace element premix, the weight of the water is preferably 2 to 3 times the weight of the trace element premix, more preferably 2.5 times. When dissolving the trace element premix, an organic acid is preferably added to adjust the pH to 5 to 6, more preferably to 5.5. The type of organic acid is not particularly limited, but citric acid is preferably used. The present invention adopts a step-by-step dissolution followed by mixing process to ensure complete dissolution and thorough mixing of each component.

[0034] In the present invention, the dissolved humic acid, brown sugar, trace element premix and whole chicken powder are mixed to obtain a pretreated raw material; the mixing method can be conventionally selected according to actual needs.

[0035] In the present invention, the pretreated raw materials are subjected to microwave heating to obtain a paste. The power of the microwave heating treatment is preferably 1000-1500W, more preferably 1000-1200W or 1100-1300W; the frequency of the microwave heating treatment is preferably 2450MHz; and the duration of the microwave heating treatment is preferably 20-30 minutes, more preferably 20-25 minutes or 22-27 minutes. As an optional embodiment, the heating treatment is performed in a microwave reactor. During the microwave heating process, it is preferably stirred while boiling to ensure that the materials are fully integrated and the water gradually evaporates, thereby achieving a thick paste.

[0036] By precisely controlling the parameters of microwave heating treatment, the present invention can, compared with conventional heating methods or randomly set microwave parameters, accurately drive the internal molecules of the material to vibrate and collide at a high speed and in an orderly manner at the molecular level, accelerate the dissolution of substances and the process of complex chemical reactions, promote the deep fusion of whole chicken powder and auxiliary materials in a short period of time, and efficiently extract nutrients that are easily absorbed by algae, while avoiding the destruction of nutrients caused by excessive heating, thereby maximizing the fertilizer effect.

[0037] In the present invention, the paste is cooled and filled to obtain the fertilizer paste. The cooling method can be conventionally selected according to actual needs, and natural cooling is preferably adopted; the cooling temperature is preferably 20-25°C, more preferably 20-22°C or 21-23°C. In the present invention, the room temperature of the cooling link is strictly controlled at 20-25°C, which is different from extensive natural cooling or imprecise temperature control. This precise temperature range provides an ideal environment for the curing and molding of the fertilizer paste, effectively preventing quality problems such as product stratification and crystallization caused by temperature fluctuations, ensuring uniform product texture and stable performance, extending the shelf life of the product, and creating good conditions for subsequent storage, transportation and use.

[0038] In the present invention, after the paste is cooled, it can be inspected and bottled only after it meets the inspection standards. The inspection standards are preferably: a uniform dark brown to black paste, a pH value of 6.5 to 7.5, a total effective nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of not less than 20%, and a moisture content of not more than 30%. The bottle is preferably packaged in a sealed container, and product information is labeled after filling.

[0039] The present invention also provides an application of the fertilizer paste in aquaculture.

[0040] In the present invention, the fertilizer paste is made from whole chicken powder as raw material and humic acid, brown sugar and trace element premix as auxiliary materials. Through precise dosage ratio, refined processing of raw materials, precise regulation of microwave parameters and precise control of cooling environment, the prepared fertilizer paste has reasonable nutritional combination, stable product quality and high efficiency, provides strong support for algae growth, can effectively maintain the ecological balance of water bodies, and can be used for aquaculture. In the present invention, the water body of the aquaculture preferably includes fresh water or sea water, more preferably fresh water. The species of the aquaculture preferably include fish, shrimp or crab.

[0041] The present invention also provides a water fertilizing method, which comprises applying the water fertilizing paste to a water body.

[0042] In the present invention, the application method of the fertilizer paste preferably includes: applying the fertilizer paste 10-20g / m 3 , then apply once every 5 days, the application amount is based on the initial application amount plus or minus 2 to 4 g / m 3 In the present invention, the amount of the fertilizer paste applied for the first time can be reasonably selected according to the initial nutritional status of the water body. For example, if the initial water body is relatively clear and algae are scarce, 10 to 12 g / m 3 Application amount: The initial water body is in a oligotrophic state and the bottom is clear, so 14-16g / m 3 or 15-17 g / m 3 The initial water body is extremely oligotrophic and almost transparent, and the concentration can be 18-20 g / m 3Apply once every 5 days. The application amount can be adjusted according to the growth of algae and water conditions. When nutrition is insufficient, increase the initial application amount by 2 to 4 g / m 3 or 3g / m 3 When there is a slight excess of nutrients, reduce the initial application rate by 2 to 4 g / m 3 or 3g / m 3 The application time can be selected according to the improvement of the water body, preferably including 1 to 3 dosage adjustment cycles, more preferably including 2 to 3 dosage adjustment cycles; for example, in conventional aquaculture water bodies, algae can be seen to initially proliferate in 3 to 5 days, and a stable fertilizer effect can be achieved in 7 to 10 days; oligotrophic water bodies need 12 to 15 days to achieve a stable fertilizer effect; and extremely oligotrophic water bodies need 15 to 20 days to complete ecological construction.

[0043] The present invention develops detailed and quantitative application methods for different water conditions, accurately controls the application dosage, breaks through the disadvantages of the "one-size-fits-all" use of traditional fertilizers, and realizes precise fertilization, which not only ensures the moderate growth of algae, but also avoids environmental problems such as eutrophication of water bodies caused by excessive use of fertilizers, thereby improving the ecological and economic benefits of aquaculture.

[0044] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all methods are conventional.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0047] The trace element premix used in the following examples was purchased from Jiangsu Putao Jingzuo Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Lufenwei Micro Yuanbao.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] A fertilizer paste is composed of the following raw materials: 82 parts of whole chicken powder, 10 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of brown sugar, and 3 parts of trace element premix.

[0050] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder comprises the following steps:

[0051] Healthy, disease-free, and pollution-free broilers are collected from chicken farms. Inedible parts such as feathers, viscera, and claws are removed, leaving only the chicken meat and bones. The chicken meat and bones are then cut into small pieces and placed in a microwave oven at a power of 16kW and a frequency of 2450MHz. After heating for 17 minutes, the pieces are removed and cooled to room temperature. The resulting powder is then pulverized in a grinder and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to remove larger particles, resulting in a uniformly sized whole chicken meal. The prepared whole chicken meal must be sealed and stored.

[0052] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste comprises the following steps:

[0053] Raw material pretreatment: Accurately weigh humic acid, brown sugar, and trace element premix, and dissolve them separately; when the humic acid is dissolved, add water 10 times the weight of the humic acid, heat to 55°C, and continue stirring for 12.5 minutes to obtain dissolved humic acid; add water 4 times the weight of the brown sugar, stir at room temperature until completely dissolved, to obtain dissolved brown sugar; add water 2.5 times the weight of the trace element premix, add citric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5, and stir until completely dissolved to obtain dissolved trace element premix; mix the dissolved humic acid, brown sugar, and trace element premix with whole chicken powder to obtain pretreated raw materials;

[0054] Microwave cooking: Add the above-mentioned pretreated raw materials into a microwave reactor, turn on the microwave power of 1000W and frequency of 2450MHz for heating, and cook for 20 minutes while stirring to fully blend the materials and gradually evaporate the water to achieve a thick paste.

[0055] Cooling and filling: The prepared fertilizer paste is naturally cooled to 20℃. After inspection, the appearance is a dark brown to black uniform paste, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the total content of effective nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is not less than 20%, and the moisture content is not more than 30%. It is poured into a sealed packaging container and marked with product information.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] A fertilizer paste is composed of the following raw materials: 76 parts of whole chicken powder, 12 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of brown sugar, and 5 parts of trace element premix.

[0058] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is the same as that of Example 1; the preparation method of the fertilizer paste is the same as that of Example 1 except that the amounts of the raw materials are different.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A fertilizer paste is composed of the following raw materials: 67 parts of whole chicken powder, 15 parts of humic acid, 10 parts of brown sugar, and 8 parts of trace element premix.

[0061] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is the same as that of Example 1; the preparation method of the fertilizer paste is the same as that of Example 1 except that the amounts of the raw materials are different.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] A fertilizer paste is composed of the following raw materials: 91 parts of whole chicken powder, 5 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of brown sugar, and 1 part of trace element premix.

[0064] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is the same as that of Example 1; the preparation method of the fertilizer paste is the same as that of Example 1 except that the amounts of the raw materials are different.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] A fertilizer paste is prepared by removing humic acid from the mixture according to Example 1, and adjusting the amounts of brown sugar and trace element premix accordingly. The fertilizer paste is prepared by removing humic acid from the mixture ....

[0067] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is the same as that of Example 1; the preparation method of the fertilizer paste is the same as that of Example 1 except that the amounts of the raw materials are different.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] A fertilizer paste is composed of the following raw materials: 82 parts of whole chicken powder, 6 parts of humic acid, 6 parts of brown sugar, and 6 parts of trace element premix.

[0070] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is the same as that of Example 1; the preparation method of the fertilizer paste is the same as that of Example 1 except that the amounts of the raw materials are different.

[0071] Test Example 1

[0072] Take the fertilizer paste of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 respectively, and in 6 same aquaculture water pools (all 10m 3 ) respectively put the fertilizer paste of Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-3, and the amount of each was 10g / m 3 .

[0073] (1) Algae growth promotion effect: After 7 days of applying the fertilizer paste, samples were taken to test the algae growth density (individuals / mL) and the number of species. In this experiment, the detection of algae growth density and number of species was carried out according to relevant standard methods: the microscopic counting method was used to determine the algae growth density. The specific operation was to take an appropriate amount of aquaculture water sample, drop it on a blood cell counting plate, count the algae individuals in different fields of view under a microscope, and then convert the number of algae per milliliter of water according to the counting plate specifications and the sample dilution multiple; for the identification of the number of algae species, the morphological characteristics of the algae, such as cell shape, pigment distribution, and the presence or absence of flagella, were observed under a microscope, and detailed classification and identification were carried out to ensure accurate counting of the number of species. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0074] Table 1 Effects of different fertilizer pastes on algae growth promotion

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] By monitoring the growth of algae in aquaculture water bodies with fertilizer pastes of different proportions (Table 1), it can be seen that reasonable addition of auxiliary materials, especially the precise proportion of humic acid, brown sugar and trace element premixes, has a significant effect on algae growth. In Examples 1-3, with the gradual enrichment of nutrients, the growth density and number of algae species increase accordingly, which can create a diverse water ecological environment and meet the needs of different aquaculture scenarios; while in Comparative Examples 1-3, due to malnutrition or imbalance, algae growth is limited, and the water ecology is monotonous and fragile. This fully proves that the fertilizer paste of the present invention can provide strong support for algae reproduction through precise auxiliary material ratios, overcome the disadvantages of unstable nutrient supply of traditional fertilizer products, and ensure efficient utilization of water fertility in the early stage of aquaculture.

[0078] (2) Water ecological balance index: After the fertilizer paste was added, the pH fluctuation range and dissolved oxygen content (mg / L) of the water body were tested every day for 7 days, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values was recorded. In this experiment, the pH value of the water body was tested according to the national standard "Glass Electrode Method for Determination of pH Value of Water Quality" (GB6920-86). The glass electrode pH meter was used for measurement. The electrode was immersed in the water sample and the displayed pH value was directly read. The dissolved oxygen content was tested according to the "Iodine-based Method for Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in Water Quality" (GB7489-87). Manganese sulfate, alkaline potassium iodide and other reagents were added to the water sample. After a series of reactions, it was titrated with sodium thiosulfate standard solution and the dissolved oxygen content was calculated based on the consumed volume. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0079] Table 2 Ecological balance indicators of water bodies with different fertilizer pastes

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] From the perspective of the pH fluctuations and dissolved oxygen content changes of the water body after the fertilizer paste is added (Table 2), Examples 1-3 are based on a reasonable combination of raw materials and auxiliary materials, so that the water body maintains a relatively stable acid-base environment and dissolved oxygen level within 7 days, and the algae growth and the self-purification and reoxygenation capabilities of the water body reach a dynamic balance, ensuring the health and stability of the aquaculture water ecology; on the other hand, due to improper auxiliary material ratios, the comparative examples 1-3 cause abnormal algae growth, resulting in large fluctuations in the pH value of the water body, sudden changes in dissolved oxygen, and the water body ecology is on the verge of imbalance, and the self-purification function is weakened. It can be seen that the present invention can effectively maintain the ecological balance of the water body by accurately regulating the ingredients of the fertilizer paste, avoid the adverse impact of existing fertilizer products on the water environment, and create excellent conditions for aquaculture.

[0083] (3) Nutrient utilization rate: Take water samples on the 7th day after the introduction, analyze the residual nutrients in the water, and calculate the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium utilization rates (%). In this experiment, the nitrogen content of the water body was detected using the "Water quality - Determination of total nitrogen - Alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry method" (GB11894-89). By digesting the water sample, nitrogen compounds were converted into nitrates, and the absorbance was measured using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer to calculate the nitrogen content; the phosphorus content was detected according to the "Water quality - Determination of total phosphorus - Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry method" (GB11893-89). After digestion and color development, it was measured using a spectrophotometer; the potassium content was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, after potassium was atomized, based on the intensity of the absorbed light. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0084] Table 3 Utilization rate of nutrients in different fertilizer pastes

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] As can be seen from the results in Table 3, a reasonable raw material ratio can significantly improve the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, ensure the good growth of algae, and maintain the ecological stability of the water body. This shows that the present invention uses whole chicken powder combined with precise auxiliary material ratios to improve the utilization rate of nutrients and create excellent conditions for aquaculture.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] A fertilizer paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of the fertilizer paste are the same as those in Example 1.

[0090] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is as follows: the powder after crushing is passed through a 90-mesh sieve, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] A fertilizer paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of the fertilizer paste are the same as those in Example 1.

[0093] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is as follows: the powder after pulverization is passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 4

[0095] A fertilizer paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of the fertilizer paste are the same as those in Example 1.

[0096] The preparation method of the whole chicken powder is the same as that of Example 1, except that the whole chicken powder is cooled to room temperature without being crushed or screened.

[0097] Comparative Example 5

[0098] A fertilizer paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of the fertilizer paste are the same as those in Example 1.

[0099] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste is as follows: the crushed powder is passed through a 50-mesh sieve, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0100] Test Example 2

[0101] The fertilizer pastes of Example 1, Examples 4-5 and Comparative Examples 4-5 were respectively taken to test the raw material mixing uniformity, the final product stability and the initial release rate of the fertilizer effect.

[0102] (1) Raw material mixing uniformity: Five sampling points were taken from each batch, and the distribution of raw material particles at different locations was observed under a microscope. The uniformity score was calculated. The scoring criteria are shown in Table 4, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0103] Table 4 Scoring criteria

[0104]

[0105] Table 5 Mixing uniformity of different fertilizer paste raw materials

[0106]

[0107] (2) Final product stability: Ten samples were stored at room temperature and pressure for one month. Delamination and sedimentation were observed and the layer thickness (mm) was recorded. No delamination was set as 0. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0108] Table 6 Stability of final products of different fertilizer pastes

[0109]

[0110] (3) Initial release rate of fertilizer effect: In 5 simulated aquaculture water tanks (1m 3 ) Add equal amount of fertilizer paste, the amount is 10g / m 3 During the first three days after release, the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the water were tested every day using a spectrophotometer. The changes in absorbance produced by the absorption of light of a specific wavelength by nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were used to calculate the concentrations of the corresponding elements based on the Lambert-Beer law. The results are shown in Table 7.

[0111] Table 7 Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in water bodies at the initial stage of fertilizer effect of different fertilizer pastes

[0112]

[0113] Example 1 uses an 80-mesh screen, and the raw material particle size is slightly larger; on the first day after being put in, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in the water body rise slowly, the growth rate is slightly accelerated on the second day, and the concentration is close to stable on the third day. The overall initial release rate is relatively stable but slow. Example 4 uses a 90-mesh screen, and the raw material particles are finer; the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in the water body rise significantly on the first day of being put in, continue to rise rapidly on the second day, and tend to be stable and have a higher concentration on the third day; compared with the 80-mesh screen, the raw material is fine so that the reaction is sufficient, and the initial release of fertilizer effect is faster and more stable. Example 5 uses a 100-mesh screen, and the raw material fineness is high; at the beginning of being put in, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations rise rapidly, rise steadily in the following two days, and reach a higher level on the third day; the fine raw materials ensure sufficient mixing and efficient reaction, and the initial release rate of fertilizer effect is extremely fast, which can quickly supplement fertilizer for the water body. Comparative Example 4 is not crushed and screened, and because it is not crushed and screened, the release of fertilizer effect is abnormally slow. Comparative Example 5 uses a 50-mesh screen, and the particles are relatively coarse; the concentration does not increase significantly on the first day, the growth rate is average on the second day, and the ideal concentration is not reached on the third day; due to uneven mixing and insufficient reaction, the initial release of fertilizer effect is slow and fluctuates greatly, which affects the early improvement of water fertility.

[0114] Example 6

[0115] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0116] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste is that the microwave power is 1200W, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0117] Example 7

[0118] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0119] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste is that the microwave power is 1500W, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0120] Example 8

[0121] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0122] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste has a boiling time of 25 minutes, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0123] Example 9

[0124] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0125] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste has a boiling time of 30 minutes, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0126] Comparative Example 6

[0127] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0128] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste uses an electric heating jacket for conventional heating instead of the microwave boiling step, simulating the microwave heating time and temperature of Example 1, and the remaining steps are the same as Example 1.

[0129] Comparative Example 7

[0130] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0131] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste is that the microwave power is 500W, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0132] Comparative Example 8

[0133] A fat water paste, the raw material composition, proportion and preparation method of whole chicken powder are the same as those in Example 1.

[0134] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste is that the microwave power is 2000W, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0135] Comparative Example 9

[0136] A fertilizer paste, the raw material composition and proportion are the same as those in Example 1.

[0137] The preparation method of the fertilizer paste is that the microwave frequency is 1800 MHz, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0138] Test Example 3

[0139] The fertilizer pastes of Example 1, Examples 6-9 and Comparative Examples 6-9 were respectively taken to test the degree of material fusion, the dissolution rate of fertilizer components and the product processing efficiency.

[0140] (1) Material fusion degree: Three samples of fertilizer paste were taken from each batch of boiled fertilizer paste, and the molecular fusion state of the material was observed under an electron microscope, and the degree of fusion was scored (0 to 10 points). In this experiment, when the molecular fusion state of the material was observed under an electron microscope, the score was based on the size of the gap between molecules, the uniformity of distribution, and whether there was obvious agglomeration. The score was 10 points when the gap between molecules was extremely small, the distribution was uniform, and there was no agglomeration. The score was lower when the gap was large, the distribution was uneven, and the agglomeration was obvious. The results are shown in Table 8.

[0141] Table 8 Different fusion degrees of fertilizer paste materials

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] As can be seen from the results in Table 8, precise control of microwave parameters has a key influence on the degree of fusion of fertilizer paste materials. Appropriate power, frequency, and boiling time can ensure that the materials are fully fused, so that the product molecules are tightly bound and the quality is improved; while inappropriate parameters will lead to abnormal material reactions, large molecular gaps, multiple agglomerations, and other problems, and the degree of fusion will deteriorate. This shows that the method of preparing fertilizer paste using microwave technology in the present invention emphasizes precise microwave control, which can overcome the material fusion problems caused by conventional heating or unreasonable parameters, ensure stable product quality, and provide high-quality fertilizer products for aquaculture.

[0145] (2) Dissolution rate of fertilizer components: The chemical analysis method is used to detect the ratio (%) of the actual content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the fertilizer paste to the theoretical soluble amount. Each batch is measured three times and the average value is taken. In this experiment, for the dissolution rate of fertilizer components, the Kjeldahl method is used to determine the nitrogen content, and the sample is digested and converted before determination; the phosphorus content is measured by ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry, and after a color reaction, it is measured by a spectrophotometer; the potassium content is measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and the potassium is atomized and the content is determined based on the absorption light intensity. Finally, the ratio (%) of the actual content to the theoretical soluble amount is calculated, which is the dissolution rate. The results are shown in Table 9.

[0146] Table 9 Dissolution rate of fertilizer components in different fertilizer pastes

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] It can be seen from the results in Table 9 that precise control of microwave parameters has a decisive influence on the dissolution rate of the fertilizer ingredients in the fertilizer paste. Appropriate power, frequency and boiling time can ensure that the materials are fully integrated, so that the fertilizer ingredients are efficiently and stably dissolved, meeting the fertility requirements of the aquaculture water body; while inappropriate parameters will cause abnormal material reactions, low or large fluctuations in the dissolution rate, and inability to effectively supply fertilizer. This shows that the present invention uses microwave technology to prepare fertilizer paste, emphasizing precise microwave control, which can overcome the fertilizer efficiency problems caused by conventional heating or unreasonable parameters, ensure that the product can efficiently and stably exert its fertilizer effect, and provide reliable fertility support for aquaculture.

[0150] (3) Product processing efficiency: The time (min) from raw material input to finished product output was recorded, and the average value was obtained by continuous monitoring of 5 batches. The results are shown in Table 10.

[0151] Table 10 Processing efficiency of different fertilizer paste products

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] As can be seen from the results in Table 10, precise control of microwave parameters has a key impact on the processing efficiency of fertilizer paste products. Appropriate power, frequency, and boiling time can achieve efficient and stable production while ensuring product quality; while inappropriate parameters may shorten the processing time, they will cause problems such as overheating and uneven quality, and reduce stability. This shows that the present invention uses microwave technology to prepare fertilizer paste, emphasizing precise microwave control, which can overcome the processing efficiency and quality problems caused by conventional heating or unreasonable parameters, ensuring that the product is produced at an appropriate efficiency to meet market demand.

[0155] Example 10

[0156] A water fertilization method: for freshwater aquaculture ponds, apply the water fertilization paste of Example 1, initially use 10g of the water fertilization paste per cubic meter of water, and subsequently adjust the dosage every 5 days according to the water quality, increasing or decreasing the dosage by 2g per cubic meter each time.

[0157] Example 11

[0158] A water fertilization method: for freshwater aquaculture ponds, apply the water fertilization paste of Example 1, initially use 15g of the water fertilization paste per cubic meter of water, and subsequently adjust the dosage every 5 days according to the water quality, increasing or decreasing the dosage by 3g per cubic meter each time.

[0159] Example 12

[0160] A water fertilization method: for freshwater aquaculture ponds, apply the water fertilization paste of Example 1, initially use 20g of the water fertilization paste per cubic meter of water, and subsequently adjust the dosage every 5 days according to the water quality, increasing or decreasing the dosage by 4g per cubic meter each time.

[0161] Comparative Example 10

[0162] A water fertilization method: for freshwater aquaculture ponds, apply the water fertilization paste of Example 1, initially use 5g of the water fertilization paste per cubic meter of water, and do not adjust the dosage subsequently.

[0163] Comparative Example 11

[0164] A water fertilization method: for freshwater aquaculture ponds, apply the water fertilization paste of Example 1, initially use 30g of the water fertilization paste per cubic meter of water, and do not adjust the dosage subsequently.

[0165] Test Example 4

[0166] The methods of Examples 10-12 and Comparative Examples 10-11 were used to place the fertilizer paste of Example 1 in freshwater aquaculture ponds of the same specifications. The algae growth and water quality were observed on the 1st, 5th, and 10th days after placement. The results are shown in Table 11.

[0167] Table 11 Impact of different fertilizer paste usage methods on water bodies

[0168]

[0169]

[0170] It can be seen from the results in Table 11 that precise control of the application amount of fertilizer paste and the adjustment strategy has a key impact on the ecology and benefits of aquaculture water bodies. The usage amount and usage method provided in Examples 10-12 are relatively recommended. The initial usage amount is reasonably set according to the initial nutritional status of the water body, and is flexibly adjusted every 5 days depending on the growth situation of algae. Relying on the precise increase and decrease range, it can closely adapt to the nutritional status of different water bodies, ensure good growth of algae, stable water quality, and improve aquaculture benefits; while improper application can easily cause abnormal algae growth and deterioration of water quality. This shows that the supporting application method of the fertilizer paste of the present invention, because it emphasizes the precise control of the application strategy, overcomes the drawbacks of traditional fertilizer paste application, and provides a scientific and efficient solution for aquaculture.

[0171] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilizer paste, characterized in that: The fertilizer paste comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of whole chicken powder, 10-15 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of brown sugar and 3-8 parts of trace element premix.

2. The fertilizer paste according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the whole chicken powder comprises the following steps: cutting chicken and bones into pieces, subjecting the chicken to microwave treatment, crushing, and sieving to obtain the whole chicken powder; the microwave treatment is performed at a power of 6 to 30 kW, a frequency of 2450 MHz, and a time of 15 to 20 minutes.

3. The fertilizer paste according to claim 2, characterized in that The mesh number of the sieving is 80 to 100 meshes.

4. The method for preparing the fertilizer paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: Weigh the raw materials by weight; dissolve humic acid, brown sugar and trace element premix respectively; mix the raw materials to obtain pretreated raw materials; microwave-heat the pretreated raw materials to obtain a paste; cool and fill the paste to obtain a fertilizer paste.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The microwave heating treatment conditions are: power of 1000-1500W, frequency of 2450MHz, and heating time of 20-30min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The cooling temperature is 20-25°C.

7. Use of the fertilizer paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in aquaculture.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that The water body for aquaculture includes fresh water or sea water.

9. A water fertilization method, characterized in that: The method comprises: applying the fertilizer paste according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to a water body.

10. The water fertilization method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The method of applying the fertilizer paste includes: applying the fertilizer paste 10-20g / m 3 , then apply once every 5 days, the application amount is based on the initial application amount plus or minus 2 to 4 g / m 3 .

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