Wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber, preparation method, coating and preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, and discloses a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, a preparation method, and a coating and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: Step 1: treating chopped basalt fibers with an acid and / or alkaline solution, mixing the treated fibers with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, and subjecting the resulting solution to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain magnetic basalt fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles; Step 2: adding fillers to a resin matrix solution, dispersing the treated fibers, and then grinding the resultant mixture to obtain a resin slurry; Step 3: adding the magnetic basalt fibers obtained in Step 1 to the resin slurry obtained in Step 2, adding a curing agent, and uniformly mixing the mixture to obtain the desired coating. The present invention optimizes the contact behavior and wear mechanism of friction pairs, reduces the friction coefficient and wear rate, improves the tribological properties of the obtained coating, extends the service life of mechanical motion pairs, and improves the reliability and stability of equipment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material preparation, and in particular to a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, a preparation method, and a coating and a preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Friction and wear in mechanical moving parts remain key factors affecting equipment reliability and service life. To address this challenge, existing technologies typically employ polymer-based self-lubricating coatings applied to metal surfaces to mitigate friction and wear. The design of these coatings relies on the synergistic effects of binders, reinforcements, wear-resistant fillers, and lubricants to enhance the overall coating's performance.

[0003] Basalt fiber (BF), a natural material, is widely used in composite material reinforcement due to its high strength (3.0-4.8 GPa), high modulus (85-110 GPa), excellent temperature resistance (-260°C to 800°C), and chemical inertness. For example, the patent "Method for Preparing a Wear-Resistant and Tough Acrylic Resin Coating" (Application No. 2015108651166) discloses the introduction of basalt fiber into an acrylic resin-based coating to improve wear resistance. The patent "Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Protective Coating with Corrosion Inhibition, Its Preparation Method, and Application" (Application No. 2023105963781) discloses the mechanical properties of basalt fiber-enhanced polymer coatings. However, basalt fiber has significant drawbacks in its use. For one thing, the basalt fiber surface is highly chemically inert and has poor interfacial compatibility with the polymer matrix, resulting in low stress transfer efficiency and prone to interfacial debonding failure. On the other hand, the smooth surface and low polarity of basalt fiber lead to insufficient resin infiltration, which easily generates pore defects inside the coating and reduces the density and load-bearing capacity of the coating.

[0004] Furthermore, a friction transfer film is a thin film formed when material from one surface of a friction pair is transferred to the other during friction. It plays a key role in the performance of the friction pair (such as the friction coefficient, wear rate, and lifespan). As an intermediate layer, it reduces direct contact with the original surfaces of the friction pair, lowering the friction coefficient. It prevents friction fluctuations caused by direct engagement of roughness peaks on the friction pair surfaces, reduces adhesive wear, and improves contact compatibility. The rational design of transfer films is a key research direction in tribology (e.g., lubrication and wear-resistant material development). However, existing friction transfer films suffer from difficulties maintaining dynamic equilibrium. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, a preparation method, and a coating and a preparation method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: treating short basalt fibers with an acid and / or alkaline solution, mixing the mixture with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain magnetic basalt fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the short basalt fibers to the iron salt is 1:0.5-2;

[0008] Step 2: Add filler to the resin matrix solution, disperse it, and grind it to obtain a resin slurry; wherein the filler accounts for 7 to 35 wt.% of the resin matrix mass;

[0009] Step 3: Add the magnetic basalt fiber in step 1 to the resin slurry in step 2, add a curing agent and mix evenly to obtain the desired coating; wherein the magnetic basalt fiber accounts for 1 to 10 wt.% of the mass of the resin slurry.

[0010] Furthermore, the reaction solution in step 1 further includes a reducing agent and a surfactant, wherein the mass ratio of the iron salt, the reducing agent, and the surfactant is 0.5-2: 0.1-0.5: 0.05-0.2; the conditions for the hydrothermal reaction are as follows: reaction temperature 160-200 ° C, reaction time 6-24 h.

[0011] Furthermore, the resin matrix solution in step 2 further comprises a reactive diluent, and the mass ratio of the resin matrix to the reactive diluent is 100:5-15.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the resin matrix is ​​one or two or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, UV curing resin, and silicone resin mixed in any proportion; the filler includes a wear-resistant agent and a lubricant, and the wear-resistant agent is one or two or more of SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 with a particle size range of 200 nm-5 μm mixed in any proportion; the lubricant is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS2, and BN mixed in any proportion.

[0013] Furthermore, the iron salt is obtained by mixing one or two or more of FeCl3, FeSO4, and Fe(NO3)3 in any proportion; the reducing agent is obtained by mixing one or two or more of ascorbic acid, urea, and hydrazine hydrate in any proportion; and the surfactant is obtained by mixing one or two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in any proportion.

[0014] The invention discloses a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers.

[0015] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers comprises applying the coating to a substrate surface, applying a magnetic field of 0.5 to 2 T, and curing to obtain the desired coating.

[0016] Furthermore, the curing is heat curing or UV curing.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature of the heating curing is 80-150°C, the heating time is 1-4 hours, and the energy density of the UV curing is 500-1500 mJ / cm².

[0018] The invention discloses a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, wherein the orientation of the magnetic basalt fibers in the coating is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction of the coating.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) The present invention uses magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a size smaller than the critical superparamagnetic size to modify basalt fibers, providing a pinning effect for the fibers and significantly improving the interface bonding between the fibers and the matrix;

[0021] (2) The coating obtained by the present invention regulates the orientation of the fibers in the coating by applying an external magnetic field, so that the fibers are arranged perpendicular to the friction sliding direction. This is beneficial to the formation and dynamic stability of the friction transfer film at the friction interface during the friction process, optimizes the contact behavior and wear mechanism of the friction pair, and reduces the friction coefficient and wear rate.

[0022] (3) The coating obtained by the present invention realizes the functional synergy between the rigid basalt fiber and the lubricating component through the combination of the wear-resistant agent and the lubricating component, thereby improving the comprehensive tribological properties of the coating, effectively extending the service life of the mechanical moving pair, and improving the reliability and stability of the equipment operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the surface microstructure of the coating obtained in the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: 1-magnetic basalt fiber, 2-coating, 3-friction transfer film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: The chopped basalt fibers are treated with an acid and / or alkaline solution (at least one of HF, HCl, NaOH, and KOH, with a mass concentration of the acid solution and / or alkaline solution of 0.2 to 20 wt.%) for 0.5 to 24 h, washed with deionized water to neutrality, and then dried to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0028] The surface-roughened fibers were mixed with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, which was then subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain magnetic basalt fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄@BF). The mass ratio of chopped basalt fibers to iron salt was 1:0.5-2. The reaction solution also contained a reducing agent and a surfactant, with the mass ratio of iron salt, reducing agent, and surfactant being 0.5-2:0.1-0.5:0.05-0.2. The hydrothermal reaction conditions were as follows: a reaction temperature of 160-200°C and a reaction time of 6-24 hours. The iron salt was a mixture of one or more of FeCl₃, FeSO₄, and Fe(NO₃)₃ in any proportion. The reducing agent was a mixture of one or more of ascorbic acid, urea, and hydrazine hydrate in any proportion. The surfactant was a mixture of one or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide in any proportion.

[0029] Step 2: Add a wear-resistant agent and a lubricant to the resin matrix solution, disperse it (disperse it in a vacuum mixer at 1500-3000 rpm for 5-50 minutes), and grind it (grind it using a three-roll grinder after dispersion, with the roller spacing being 10-20 microns and 5-10 microns, respectively, and grind it to a slurry fineness of ≤5 microns) to obtain a resin slurry; wherein the wear-resistant agent accounts for 5-25 wt.% of the mass of the resin matrix, and the lubricant accounts for 2-10 wt.% of the mass of the resin matrix; the resin matrix is ​​one or two or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, UV curing resin, and silicone resin mixed in any proportion; the wear-resistant agent is one or two or more of SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 with a particle size range of 200 nm-5 μm mixed in any proportion; the lubricant is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS2, and BN mixed in any proportion. The resin matrix solution is obtained by mixing the resin matrix with a solvent and a reactive diluent in a mass ratio of 100:10 to 30:5 to 15. The solvent is acetone, xylene, or ethyl acetate. The reactive diluent is an epoxy reactive diluent or an acrylate monomer, specifically butyl glycidyl ether or ethyl acetate.

[0030] Step 3: Add the magnetic basalt fiber from Step 1 to the resin slurry from Step 2 and stir under vacuum (1500-3000 rpm, 10-15 minutes, ensuring uniformity). Add the curing agent and mix thoroughly to obtain the desired coating. The magnetic basalt fiber accounts for 1-10 wt.% of the resin slurry. The curing agent can be epoxyamine, polyurethane isocyanate, or photoinitiator, depending on the curing method.

[0031] After the coating is obtained, the obtained coating is used to prepare a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers, and the process is as follows:

[0032] The coating is applied to the substrate surface and a magnetic field of 0.5 to 2 T is applied (the arrangement direction of the fibers is controlled by controlling the direction of the magnetic field. The magnetic torque aligns the long axis of the fibers with the direction of the magnetic field. Specifically, when the magnetic field is applied, the direction of the magnetic field is consistent with the perpendicular direction of the friction. Figure 1 A magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the sliding direction of the coating to align the Fe₃O₄@BF film perpendicular to the friction. The desired coating is then cured (either by heat or UV curing). Heat curing is performed at 80-150°C for 1-4 hours, while UV curing requires an energy density of 500-1500 mJ / cm².

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in 0.2 wt.% hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution for 30 min, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0036] 1 g of surface-roughened fibers was placed in deionized water, and 1.6 g of ferric chloride, 0.5 g of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and 0.05 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added and mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave and hydrothermally reacted at 200°C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles approximately 10 nm in size.

[0037] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind them twice with a roller spacing of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0038] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0039] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm. A high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T was applied, and the direction of the magnetic field was controlled so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF was perpendicular to the sliding friction direction. The coating was heated at 100 °C for 3 h and cured to obtain the desired coating.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in 5 wt.% NaOH solution for 24 h, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface roughened fibers.

[0043] 1 g of surface-roughened fibers was placed in deionized water, and 1.24 g of ferric chloride, 0.7595 g of ferrous sulfate, 0.1 g of hydrazine hydrate, and 0.05 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone were added and mixed thoroughly. The pH was adjusted to 10 with aqueous ammonia under vigorous stirring. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave and hydrothermally reacted at 200°C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were approximately 10 nm in size.

[0044] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, and 6 g of ethyl acetate, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind them twice with a roller spacing of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0045] Step 3: Add 3 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0046] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm. A high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T was applied, and the direction of the magnetic field was controlled so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF was perpendicular to the sliding friction direction. The coating was heated at 150°C for 1 hour and cured to obtain the desired coating.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface roughened fibers.

[0050] 1 g of surface-roughened fibers was placed in deionized water, and 0.5 g of ferric chloride, 0.3 g of hydrazine hydrate, and 0.2 g of polyethylene glycol were added and mixed thoroughly. Under vigorous stirring, the pH was adjusted to 10 with aqueous ammonia. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave and hydrothermally reacted at 160°C for 24 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were approximately 10 nm in size.

[0051] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm MoS2, and 5 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, 3 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and 6.3 g of acetone, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind them twice with a roller gap of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0052] Step 3: Add 3 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0053] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm. A high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T was applied, and the direction of the magnetic field was controlled so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF was perpendicular to the sliding friction direction. The coating was heated at 80°C for 4 h and cured to obtain the desired coating.

[0054] Example 4

[0055] A method for preparing a wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface roughened fibers.

[0057] 1 g of surface-roughened fibers was placed in deionized water, and 2.0 g of ferric chloride, 0.3 g of hydrazine hydrate, and 0.1 g of polyethylene glycol were added and mixed thoroughly. Under vigorous stirring, the pH was adjusted to 10 with aqueous ammonia. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave and hydrothermally reacted at 180°C for 12 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles were approximately 10 nm in size.

[0058] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm graphite, 6 g of 5 μm BN, 2 g of 5 μm SiC, 8 g of 5 μm B4C, add 63 g of epoxy resin, 3 g of butyl glycidyl ether, and 6.3 g of acetone, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind twice with a roller spacing of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0059] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0060] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm. A high-intensity magnetic field of 1 T was applied, and the direction of the magnetic field was controlled so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF was perpendicular to the sliding friction direction. The coating was heated at 80°C for 4 h and cured to obtain the desired coating.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] Prepare the coating as follows:

[0063] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface roughened fibers.

[0064] The pH value was adjusted to 10 with ammonia water under vigorous stirring, and the mixture was transferred to a high-pressure reactor for hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C for 6 h to obtain treated basalt fiber.

[0065] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind them twice with a roller spacing of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0066] Step 3: Add 2 g of the basalt fiber obtained in step 1 to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0067] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm, and a high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T was applied. It was heated at 100°C for 3 h, and the desired coating was obtained after curing.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] Prepare the coating as follows:

[0070] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in a 0.2 wt.% HF solution for 30 min, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface roughened fibers.

[0071] 1 g of surface-roughened fibers was placed in deionized water, and 1.6 g of ferric chloride, 0.5 g of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and 0.05 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added and mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave and hydrothermally reacted at 200°C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles approximately 10 nm in size.

[0072] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind them twice with a roller spacing of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0073] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0074] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm and heated at 100 °C for 3 h. The desired coating was obtained after curing.

[0075] Comparative Example 3

[0076] Step 1: 3 mm long chopped basalt fibers were immersed in 0.2 wt.% hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution for 30 min, washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain surface-roughened fibers.

[0077] 1 g of surface-roughened fibers was placed in deionized water, and 1.6 g of ferric chloride, 0.5 g of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and 0.05 g of polyvinyl pyrrolidone were added and mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then transferred to an autoclave and hydrothermally reacted at 200°C for 6 h to obtain magnetic basalt fibers (Fe3O4@BF) uniformly loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles approximately 10 nm in size.

[0078] Step 2: Take 3 g of 5 μm PTFE, 6 g of 5 μm graphite, 10 g of 5 μm Al2O3, add 63 g of epoxy resin, and 9.5 g of butyl glycidyl ether, put them into a vacuum mixer and disperse them at 3000 rpm for 50 min; then use a three-roll mill to grind them twice with a roller spacing of 20 μm and 10 μm respectively.

[0079] Step 3: Add 2 g of Fe3O4@BF to the slurry obtained in step 2, stir under vacuum at 2000 rpm for 20 min, then add the curing agent triethylenetetramine and stir for 2 min.

[0080] The obtained coating was applied to the target surface with a thickness of about 100 μm. A high-intensity magnetic field of 2 T was applied, and the direction of the magnetic field was controlled so that the orientation of Fe3O4@BF was parallel to the sliding friction direction. The coating was heated at 100 °C for 3 h and cured to obtain the desired coating.

[0081] To illustrate the effect of the present invention, friction tests were conducted on the samples obtained from the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples. The test equipment was a high-speed ring-block friction tester. The coating substrate was a pure aluminum block with a size of 25mm*10mm*4mm. The mating piece was a 45# steel ring with an outer diameter of 50 mm. The test conditions were: load 200 N, speed 0.1 m / s, test duration 2 h, and no lubricating medium. The friction coefficient was directly obtained from the high-speed ring-block friction tester. After the wear test, the wear volume was directly measured using a white light interferometer, and the wear rate was calculated using the formula.

[0082]

[0083] Where: W s is the wear rate, unit is (mm 3 / N·m), V is the wear volume, in mm 3 , F is the force applied in the normal direction, in N, L is the sliding distance in m.

[0084] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1. Friction coefficient and wear rate of the coatings of the embodiment and comparative example when matched with 45# steel under dry friction conditions

[0086]

[0087] The test results above show that both the friction coefficient and wear rate of Comparative Example 2 are lower than those of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the Fe₃O₄@BF improves the interfacial bonding between the basalt fibers and the substrate through a pinning effect, contributing to improved tribological performance. The results of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2 show that a coating with fibers aligned perpendicular to the sliding direction has a lower friction coefficient and an order of magnitude lower wear rate than a coating with randomly aligned fibers.

[0088] Comparison of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 shows that the arrangement of the fibers in the coating parallel to the sliding direction cannot effectively promote and improve the formation and maintenance of the friction transfer film at the friction interface, and there is no significant difference between the arrangement of the fibers parallel to the sliding direction and the arrangement of the fibers in a directional manner.

[0089] It can be seen from the examples and comparative examples that by aligning the fibers in a magnetic field so that they are perpendicular to the friction direction, the basalt fibers in the coating in front of the sliding direction will be conducive to the formation and maintenance of a friction transfer film, thereby improving the friction and wear performance of the friction pair. It can be seen from the examples that the combination of different wear-resistant agents and lubricants also has an impact on the coating performance. Comparing the tribological properties of Examples 1 and 4 with Examples 2 and 3, it can be seen that the amount of Fe3O4@BF has a certain positive effect on the tribological properties of the coating. The magnetic field responsiveness regulation induces the basalt fibers to be arranged perpendicular to the sliding direction, which can produce functional synergy between the rigid basalt fibers and the wear-resistant agents / lubricants, optimize the structure of the friction interface, thereby significantly reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate, and can further improve the tribological properties of the coating, effectively reducing the friction and wear between mechanical motion pairs, extending the service life, and improving the reliability of the equipment.

[0090] The present invention utilizes magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with a size smaller than the critical superparamagnetic size to modify basalt fibers, which not only provides a pinning effect for the fibers and significantly improves the interfacial bonding between the fibers and the matrix, but also precisely regulates the orientation of the fibers in the coating through an external magnetic field, so that they are arranged perpendicular to the friction sliding direction. This is beneficial to the generation and dynamic stabilization of the friction transfer film at the friction interface during the friction process, optimizes the contact behavior and wear mechanism of the friction pair, and thus reduces the friction coefficient and wear rate. By optimizing the combination of wear-resistant agents and lubricants, the functional synergy of the rigid basalt fibers and the lubricating components is achieved, further improving the comprehensive tribological properties of the coating, effectively extending the service life of the mechanical moving pair, and improving the reliability and stability of the equipment operation. This solves the problems of weak interfacial bonding between basalt fibers and polymer matrices, poor coating density, and difficulty in maintaining dynamic balance of the friction transfer film in the prior art.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber, characterized in that: The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating containing magnetic basalt fiber reinforcement is applied to the substrate surface, a magnetic field of 0.5 to 2 T is applied, and the coating is cured. The orientation of the magnetic basalt fibers in the coating is perpendicular to the sliding friction direction of the coating; The preparation method of the wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber comprises the following steps: Step 1: treating short basalt fibers with an acid and / or alkaline solution, mixing the mixture with an iron salt solution to obtain a reaction solution, and subjecting the mixture to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain magnetic basalt fibers loaded with magnetic nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the short basalt fibers to the iron salt is 1:0.5-2; Step 2: Add fillers to the resin matrix solution, disperse and grind to obtain a resin slurry; wherein the fillers account for 7 to 35 wt.% of the resin matrix mass; the fillers include anti-wear agents and lubricants; Step 3: Add the magnetic basalt fiber in step 1 to the resin slurry in step 2, add a curing agent and mix evenly to obtain the desired coating; wherein the magnetic basalt fiber accounts for 1 to 10 wt.% of the mass of the resin slurry.

2. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction solution in step 1 further includes a reducing agent and a surfactant, wherein the mass ratio of the iron salt, the reducing agent, and the surfactant is 0.5-2: 0.1-0.5: 0.05-0.2; the conditions for the hydrothermal reaction are as follows: reaction temperature 160-200° C., reaction time 6-24 h.

3. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin matrix solution in step 2 further includes a reactive diluent, and the mass ratio of the resin matrix to the reactive diluent is 100:5-15.

4. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the resin matrix is ​​one or two or more of epoxy resin, polyurethane, UV curing resin, and silicone resin mixed in any proportion; the wear-resistant agent is one or two or more of SiC, B4C, and Al2O3 with a particle size range of 200 nm-5 μm mixed in any proportion; the lubricant is one or two or more of polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS2, BN, and graphite mixed in any proportion.

5. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The iron salt is obtained by mixing one or two or more of FeCl3, FeSO4, and Fe(NO3)3 in any proportion; the reducing agent is obtained by mixing one or two or more of ascorbic acid, urea, and hydrazine hydrate in any proportion; and the surfactant is obtained by mixing one or two or more of polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in any proportion.

6. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing is heat curing or UV curing.

7. The wear-resistant self-lubricating coating reinforced with magnetic basalt fibers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating curing temperature is 80-150°C, and the heating time is 1-4 hours; the energy density of UV curing is 500-1500mJ / cm².

Images