Water pump with embedded electromagnetic control type flow dividing column and method for eliminating vortex in water pump

Abstract

The invention discloses a water pump with embedded electromagnetic control type flow dividing columns and a method for eliminating vortex in the water pump, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects and municipal engineering. Impeller blades and guide blades are arranged in the water pump, the flow dividing columns are embedded in the impeller blades and the guide blades respectively, and each flow dividing column comprises an upper flow dividing column body and a lower flow dividing column extending section; a sliding rail is arranged on the surface of an extending section of the flow dividing column, one end of the U-shaped rod is embedded in the sliding rail, the other end of the U-shaped rod is rotatably connected with an electromagnetic fixing seat fixed in an impeller blade and a guide vane, a water inlet hole is formed in the center of the water inlet side of the flow dividing column body, a water outlet hole is formed in the water outlet side of the flow dividing column body, and the water outlet hole and the water inlet hole are formed in opposite directions. According to the electromagnetic control type flow dividing column, high-speed water flow can impact vortexes in an impeller and a guide vane runner from more directions, the influence of cavitation damage on vanes is eliminated, the service life of the impeller vanes and the guide vanes is prolonged, the stability of a pump station is enhanced, and the working efficiency of a water pump is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects and municipal engineering projects, and in particular to a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column and a method for eliminating eddy currents in the water pump. Background Art

[0002] As a liquid conveying device, water pumps are widely used in water resource allocation, flood control and drainage, water ecological improvement, and agricultural irrigation and drainage. They are particularly widely used in my country's East Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, where their operating conditions are directly related to the smooth progress of the project and the efficiency of water resource utilization. The East Route Project is located downstream of the Yangtze River, Huai River, Hai River, and Yellow River basins, where water quality is poor and microorganisms accumulate. Furthermore, water pumps operate underwater for long periods of time. However, when the water pump operates at low flow rates, the angle of attack of the water flow at the impeller inlet increases, making it easy for vortices such as blade channel vortices to form at the outer edge of the impeller and on the back of the blade inlet. When the water pump operates at high flow rates, the angle of attack of the water flow at the impeller inlet decreases, making it easy for vortices caused by secondary flow to form at the outer edge, root, and front of the blade inlet.

[0003] The vortices generated during the above two types of operation will cause cavitation damage to the impeller blades and guide vanes, which will significantly reduce the working efficiency and stability of the pump unit; at the same time, due to the long annual downtime of the pump and the complex aquatic environment in the downstream of each river basin, rich phytoplankton, and a large number of microbial populations, biofilms are easily formed in complex structures such as impeller blades and guide vanes, corroding the impeller blades and guide vanes, reducing the impeller blade tip clearance, affecting the pump performance, and polluting the flow water quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column and a method for eliminating vortexes in the water pump. Electromagnetically controlled diverter columns are embedded in the impeller blades and guide vanes, so that high-speed water flow can impact the impeller and guide vanes from more directions and flow into the vortexes inside, thereby extending the service life of the impeller blades and guide vanes, enhancing the stability of the pump station, and improving the working efficiency of the water pump.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column, comprising impeller blades and guide vanes installed in the water pump, wherein the impeller blades and guide vanes are respectively embedded with diverter columns, and the diverter column comprises an upper diverter column body, a diverter column extension section is provided below the diverter column body, a slide rail is provided on the surface of the diverter column extension section, one end of a U-shaped rod is embedded in the slide rail, and the other end of the U-shaped rod is rotatably connected to an electromagnetic fixing seat fixed inside the impeller blades and guide vanes, and a spring is connected between the lower bottom surface of the diverter column extension section and the upper top surface of the electromagnetic fixing seat; a unique water inlet hole is opened in the center of the water inlet side of the diverter column body, and a water outlet hole is provided on the water outlet side of the diverter column body, and the water outlet hole and the water inlet hole are arranged in opposite directions.

[0006] When the present invention is working, the electromagnetic fixing seat is in the demagnetized state, the diverter column body is repelled from the electromagnetic fixing seat, the diverter column pops out, and after the water flows into the water pump, it first passes through the impeller blades, enters from the water inlet, and then disperses and rushes out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet, impacting various types of vortices such as the impeller channel vortex and separation vortex in the impeller channel. The impeller blades rotate continuously to provide acceleration for the water flowing into them, so that the water flowing through the impeller blades is continuously flowed in all directions at a faster speed, impacting various types of vortices in more directions and with greater kinetic energy. Effectively remove the vortex in the impeller flow channel; then the water enters the guide vane, and the diverter column on the guide vane also makes the water flow more dispersed to impact the blade channel vortex in the guide vane flow channel. Finally, the water flow is rectified by the guide vane and enters the outlet flow channel of the water pump in a smoother flow state, completing the removal of the impeller and guide vane blade channel vortex and other types of vortex by the diverter column; while the diverter column interrupts the impeller and guide vane blade channel vortex, the water flow formed can also flush the biofilm formed by long-term shutdown of the pump, thereby extending the service life of the impeller blades and guide vanes, enhancing the stability of the pump station, and improving the working efficiency of the water pump.

[0007] Furthermore, the diverter column body is connected to the electromagnetic fixing seat by magnetic adsorption, and a remotely controllable magnetic on-off device is provided inside the electromagnetic fixing seat to control the attraction or repulsion state of the diverter column body and the electromagnetic fixing seat.

[0008] Furthermore, the impeller blade includes an impeller blade outlet edge on the left and an impeller blade inlet edge on the right, the angle between the center line of the impeller blade axial surface and the blade angle line on both sides of the impeller blade is 0~40°, and a diverter column is set at the intersection between the blade axial surface section and the blade angle line.

[0009] Furthermore, the blade axial surface section includes a first cross-sectional axis, a second cross-sectional axis, a third cross-sectional axis, a fourth cross-sectional axis and a fifth cross-sectional axis arranged along the direction from the rim to the hub of the impeller blade, and the diverter columns located on the first cross-sectional axis, the fourth cross-sectional axis, the second cross-sectional axis and the third cross-sectional axis are staggered.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross-sectional radius of the diverter column located on the first cross-sectional axis and the fourth cross-sectional axis is 0.04 times the radius of the impeller blade, and the cross-sectional radius of the diverter column located on the second cross-sectional axis and the third cross-sectional axis is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide vane includes a lower guide vane inlet edge and an upper guide vane outlet edge, the streamline flowing from the guide vane inlet edge to the guide vane outlet edge is the guide vane streamline direction bone line, and the guide vane horizontal direction bone line is between the guide vane outlet edge and the guide vane inlet edge and intersecting with the guide vane streamline direction bone line. The guide vane streamline direction bone line includes a first streamline direction bone line, a second streamline direction bone line, a third streamline direction bone line, a fourth streamline direction bone line, and a fifth streamline direction bone line. The position of the diverter column is determined by the intersection of the second streamline direction bone line, the third streamline direction bone line, the fourth streamline direction bone line and the guide vane horizontal direction bone line, and the cross-sectional radius of the diverter column is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the water outlet includes a central water outlet arranged on the water outlet side of the diverter column body, and a pair of side water outlets are provided on both sides of the central water outlet. The radius of the water outlet is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade, and the radius of the water inlet is 0.08 times the radius of the impeller blade.

[0013] A method for eliminating eddy currents in a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column, specifically comprising: when the water pump is operating at 0.9 to 1.1 times the design flow rate, the water flow in the water pump is in a good state and no obvious eddy current is generated; at this time, the electromagnetic fixing seat is magnetized and attracted to the diverter column body, the diverter column is in a retracted state, the U-shaped rod is located at a groove point on the slide rail, the spring is in a compressed state, the impeller blades and guide vane surfaces are flat, and the water pump operates normally; When the water pump is running at 0.7~0.9 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is less than the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the vortex in the water pump is mainly concentrated on the outer edge of the impeller and the back of the blade inlet. The electromagnetic fixing seats of all the diverter columns on the first axial section of the back of the impeller blade and the first two diverter columns along the water flow direction on the axes of the second, third and fourth sections are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter column body is repelled from the electromagnetic fixing seat, the spring pops out, and the U-shaped rod is forced to move down to the position of the lower groove point of the slide rail. The diverter column pops out, and when the high-speed water flow in the impeller flows through the diverter columns on the outer edge of the back of the blade and the inlet side, the water flows into the water inlet hole and flows out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet hole, and is divided into three small streams flowing in different directions, impacting the vortex in the flow field on the back of the blade, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating the vortex; When the water pump is running at a flow rate less than 0.7 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is far away from the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the location where the vortex is generated begins to spread to the impeller outlet edge and the blade root, and the water flow state in the guide vane deteriorates, forming a vortex in the guide vane blade channel. Therefore, the electromagnetic fixing seat of all the diverter columns on the back of the impeller blade and the front and back of the guide vane blade is set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter column pops out, and the high-speed water flow first enters from the water inlet hole of the front row of diverter columns, and then flows out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet hole, and is diverted into water flows in three directions. The diverted water body is accelerated by the rotation of the impeller blades, and thus passes through several diverter columns in the back row at high speed. Each time it flows through a diverter column, each water flow will be diverted again by the diverter column into water flows in three directions, interrupting the vortex in the impeller blade channel from more directions and at a faster speed. After the high-speed water flow enters the guide vane, the vortex in the guide vane blade channel is eliminated in the same way and decelerated in the guide vane. When the water pump is running at 1.1 to 1.3 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is higher than the maximum efficiency point flow rate. The vortex in the water pump is mainly concentrated on the outer edge, root and front of the impeller blade inlet. The electromagnetic fixing seats of all the diverter columns on the first and fourth axial sections of the impeller blade front and the first two diverter columns along the water flow direction on the second and third axial sections are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter columns pop out, and when the high-speed water flow in the impeller flows through the diverter columns on the outer edge, root and blade inlet of the blade front, the multi-directional small streams of water after diversion impact the vortex in the impeller flow channel area, achieving the effect of eliminating the vortex. When the water pump is running at a flow rate greater than 1.3 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is far away from the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the location where the vortex is generated begins to spread from the impeller blade edge and root to the middle, and the water flow state in the guide vane deteriorates, forming a vortex in the guide vane blade channel. Therefore, the electromagnetic fixing seats of all the diverter columns on the front and back of the impeller blades and the guide vane blades are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter columns pop out, and the high-speed water flow first enters from the water inlet holes of the front row of diverter columns, and then flows out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet holes, and is diverted into water flows in three directions. The diverted water body is accelerated by the rotation of the impeller blades, and thus passes through several diverter columns in the back row at high speed. Each time it flows through a diverter column, each water flow will be diverted again by the diverter column into water flows in three directions, interrupting the vortex in the impeller blade channel from more directions and at a faster speed. After the high-speed water flow enters the guide vane, the vortex in the guide vane blade channel is eliminated in the same way and decelerated in the guide vane; If the water pump has just ended a long-term shutdown state, a layer of highly viscous biofilm that is difficult to remove will adhere to the inner surface of the water pump, seriously affecting the flow pattern of the water on the surface of the flow-through components and easily causing the formation of vortices. Therefore, the high-speed water flow after being diverted by the impeller blades and guide vane diversion columns can remove the biofilm, improve the working efficiency of the water pump, and extend the service life of the water pump.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, by embedding electromagnetically controlled diverter columns in the impeller and guide vane blades of the water pump, when vortexes are generated in the impeller and guide vane flow channels due to abnormal working conditions, the electromagnetic fixing seat is demagnetized and the diverter column is popped up, so that the water flowing through the impeller is diverted into several streams with different directions and obtains more kinetic energy. The dispersed water flow impacts various types of vortices such as the impeller channel vortex and separation vortex in the impeller flow channel at a faster speed and from more directions. Finally, the water flows into the guide vane body and is diverted by the electromagnetically controlled diverter column on the guide vane surface, impacting the vortex in the guide vane flow channel, avoiding cavitation damage to the impeller blades and guide vane blades caused by the vortex, and improving the working efficiency and stability of the water pump unit.

[0015] Second, when the water pump is running at 0.9-1.1 times the design flow rate, the electromagnetic fixing seat is magnetized and the electromagnetically controlled diverter column can be retracted without affecting the normal operation of the water pump.

[0016] Third, when the water pump operates under abnormal working conditions and causes eddy currents in the impeller and guide vane flow channels, demagnetizing the electromagnetic fixing seat and popping up the diverter column can effectively interrupt various eddy currents in the impeller and guide vanes, eliminate the impact of cavitation damage on the blades, extend the service life of the blades, and reduce the pressure pulsation amplitude caused by unsteady flow in the impeller and guide vanes, thereby effectively alleviating the adverse effects of unit vibration on project safety and stability, while reducing energy dissipation in the impeller and guide vanes and improving the working efficiency of the water pump.

[0017] Fourth, when the water pump ends its long-term shutdown state and restarts, the electromagnetic fixing seat is demagnetized, and the diverter column pops up to divert the high-speed water flow, which can quickly clean the biofilm caused by the attachment of microorganisms in the water, extend the service life of the water pump's flow components, reduce the hydraulic loss caused by the biofilm, and improve the overall efficiency of the water pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column of the present invention in a water pump.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of electromagnetically controlled diverter columns on the front face of the impeller blades of the water pump of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of electromagnetically controlled diverter columns on the front face of the guide vanes of the water pump of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column of the water pump of the present invention in the retracted state.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a 45° side view schematic diagram of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column of the water pump of the present invention in the retracted state.

[0023] Figure 6It is a rear view schematic diagram of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column of the water pump of the present invention in the retracted state.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a 45° side view of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column of the water pump of the present invention in a pop-up state.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column in the pop-up state at the axial section position of the impeller blade I of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a 45° side view schematic diagram of the electromagnetically controlled diverter column in the spring-up state at the axial section position of the impeller blade I of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1 impeller blade, 101 impeller blade water inlet edge, 102 impeller blade water outlet edge; 2 guide vane, 201 guide vane water inlet edge, 202 guide vane water outlet edge; 3 diverter column, 301 water inlet hole, 302 water outlet hole, 303 electromagnetic fixing seat, 304 U-shaped rod, 305 spring, 306 slide rail, 307 diverter column extension section, 308 diverter column body, 309 slide rail upper groove point, 310 slide rail lower groove point; 4 impeller blade axial center Line, 5 blade angle line, 6 guide vane streamline direction bone line, 601 first streamline direction bone line, 602 second streamline direction bone line, 603 third streamline direction bone line, 604 fourth streamline direction bone line, 605 fifth streamline direction bone line; 7 guide vane horizontal direction bone line, 8 blade axial section line, 801 first section axis, 802 second section axis, 803 third section axis, 804 fourth section axis, 805 fifth section axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] like Figures 1 to 9 The water pump shown is a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column, comprising an impeller blade 1 and a guide vane 2 installed in the water pump, wherein a diverter column 3 is embedded in the impeller blade 1 and the guide vane 2 respectively, and the diverter column 3 comprises an upper diverter column body 308, a diverter column extension section 307 is provided below the diverter column body 308, a slide rail 306 is provided on the surface of the diverter column extension section 307, one end of a U-shaped rod 304 is embedded in the slide rail 306, and the other end of the U-shaped rod 304 is rotatably connected to an electromagnetic fixing seat 303 fixed inside the impeller blade 1 and the guide vane 2, and a spring 305 is connected between the lower bottom surface of the diverter column extension section 307 and the upper top surface of the electromagnetic fixing seat 303; a unique water inlet hole 301 is opened in the center of the water inlet side of the diverter column body 308, and a water outlet hole 302 is provided on the water outlet side of the diverter column body 308, and the water outlet hole 302 is arranged in the opposite direction to the water inlet hole 301.

[0029] like Figure 2 、 8As shown in Figures 9 and 9, the impeller blade 1 includes an impeller blade outlet edge 102 on the left and an impeller blade inlet edge 101 on the right. The angles between the impeller blade axial center line 4 and the blade angle lines 5 on both sides of the impeller blade 1 are 0~40°, and a diverter column 3 is set at the intersection between the blade axial section line 8 and the blade angle line 5.

[0030] The blade axial section 8 includes a first cross-sectional axis 801, a second cross-sectional axis 802, a third cross-sectional axis 803, a fourth cross-sectional axis 804 and a fifth cross-sectional axis 805 arranged along the direction from the rim to the hub of the impeller blade 1, and the diverter columns 3 located on the first cross-sectional axis 801 and the fourth cross-sectional axis 804 and the diverter columns 3 on the second cross-sectional axis 802 and the third cross-sectional axis 803 are arranged alternately.

[0031] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the electromagnetically controlled splitter posts 3 are arranged on the front and back sides of the impeller blades 1 and the guide vanes 2 in the same manner.

[0032] The cross-sectional radius of the diverter post 3 located along the first and fourth cross-sectional axes 801 and 804 is 0.04 times the radius of the impeller blade 1. The cross-sectional radius of the diverter post 3 located along the second and third cross-sectional axes 802 and 803 is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade 1. When retracted, the height of the diverter post 3 embedded in the impeller blade 1 is 0.4 times the thickness of the impeller blade 2, which does not affect the normal operation of the pump unit.

[0033] The water outlet 302 includes a central water outlet provided on the water outlet side of the diverter column body 308, and a pair of side water outlets are provided on both sides of the central water outlet. The radius of the water outlet 302 is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade 1, and the radius of the water inlet 301 is 0.08 times the radius of the impeller blade 1 (see Figure 6 Since the first cross-sectional axis 801 of the impeller blade 1 is close to the wheel rim, there is no need to divert the flow toward the wheel rim. Therefore, the diverter column 3 on the first cross-sectional axis 801 has no outlet on the right side of the water flow direction, and only the outlet holes at the center of the water outlet side and on the left side of the water flow direction are retained (see Figure 8 、 9 ).

[0034] like Figures 3 to 7As shown, the guide vane 2 includes a lower guide vane water inlet edge 201 and an upper guide vane water outlet edge 202. The streamline flowing from the guide vane water inlet edge 201 to the guide vane water outlet edge 202 is the guide vane streamline direction bone line 6. The guide vane horizontal direction bone line 7 is between the guide vane water outlet edge 202 and the guide vane water inlet edge 201 and intersecting with the guide vane streamline direction bone line 6. The guide vane streamline direction bone line 6 includes a first streamline direction bone line 601, a second streamline direction bone line 602, a third streamline direction bone line 603, a fourth streamline direction bone line 604, and a fifth streamline direction bone line 605. The position of the diverter column 3 is determined by the intersection of the second streamline direction bone line 602, the third streamline direction bone line 603, the fourth streamline direction bone line 604 and the guide vane horizontal direction bone line 7. The cross-sectional radius of the diverter column 3 is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade 1. The height of the diverter column 3 embedded in the guide vane 2 in the retracted state is 0.4 times the thickness of the guide vane 2, which does not affect the normal operation of the water pump unit.

[0035] like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the diverter column body 308 is connected to the electromagnetic fixing seat 303 by magnetic adsorption, and a remotely controllable magnetic on-off device is provided inside the electromagnetic fixing seat 303 to control the attraction or repulsion state of the diverter column body 308 and the electromagnetic fixing seat 303.

[0036] A method for eliminating eddy currents in a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column, specifically comprising: when the water pump is operating at 0.9 to 1.1 times the design flow rate, the water flow in the water pump is in a good state and no obvious eddy current is generated; at this time, the electromagnetic fixing seat 303 is magnetized and attracted to the diverter column body 308, the diverter column 3 is in a retracted state, the U-shaped rod 304 is located at the groove point 309 on the slide rail, the spring 305 is in a compressed state, the surfaces of the impeller blades 1 and the guide vanes 2 are flat, and the water pump operates normally; When the water pump is operating at 0.7 to 0.9 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is less than the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the vortex in the water pump is mainly concentrated at the outer edge of the impeller and the back of the blade inlet. The electromagnetic fixing seat 303 of all the diverter columns on the first axial plane section 801 on the back of the impeller blade 1 and the first two diverter columns along the water flow direction on the second axial plane section 802, the third section axis 803 and the fourth section axis 804 are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter column body 308 is repelled from the electromagnetic fixing seat 303, the spring 305 pops out, and the U-shaped rod 304 is forced to move downward to the position of the lower groove point 310 of the slide rail, and the diverter column 3 pops out. When the high-speed water flow in the impeller flows through the diverter column 3 on the outer edge of the back of the blade and the inlet edge, the water flows into the water inlet hole 301 and flows out from the three water outlet holes 302 on the back of the water inlet hole 301, and is divided into three small streams flowing in different directions, impacting the vortex in the flow field on the back of the blade, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating the vortex.

[0037] When the water pump is running at a flow rate less than 0.7 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is far away from the highest efficiency point flow rate, the location where the vortex is generated begins to spread to the impeller outlet edge 102 and the blade root, and the flow pattern of the water in the guide vane 2 deteriorates, forming a vortex in the blade channel of the guide vane 2. Therefore, the electromagnetic fixing seat 303 of all the diverter columns 3 on the back of the impeller blade 1 and the front and back of the guide vane 2 are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range, the diverter column 3 pops out, and the high-speed water flow first flows from the water inlet 3 of the front row of diverter columns 3. 01, and then flows out from the three water outlets 302 on the back of the water inlet hole 301, and is divided into water flows in three directions. The divided water body is accelerated by the rotation of the impeller blade 1, and thus passes through several diverter columns 3 in the rear row at high speed. Every time it flows through a diverter column 3, each water flow will be diverted by the diverter column 3 into water flows in three directions again, interrupting the vortex in the impeller blade channel from more directions and at a faster speed. After the high-speed water flow enters the guide vane 2, the vortex in the guide vane blade channel is eliminated in the same way and decelerated in the guide vane 2.

[0038] When the water pump is running at 1.1 to 1.3 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is higher than the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the vortex in the water pump is mainly concentrated on the outer edge, root and front of the impeller blade inlet. The electromagnetic fixing seat 303 of all the diverter columns 3 on the first axial plane section 801 and the fourth axial plane section 804 on the front of the impeller blade 1 and the first two diverter columns 3 in the water flow direction on the second axial plane section 802 and the third axial plane section 803 are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter column 3 pops out, and when the high-speed water flow in the impeller flows through the diverter columns 3 on the outer edge, root and blade inlet edge of the blade, the multi-directional small streams of water after diversion impact the vortex in the impeller flow channel area, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating the vortex.

[0039] When the water pump is running at a flow rate greater than 1.3 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is far away from the highest efficiency point flow rate, the location where the vortex is generated begins to spread from the impeller blade edge and root to the middle, and the water flow state in the guide vane 2 deteriorates, forming a vortex in the guide vane blade channel, so the electromagnetic fixing seat 303 of all the diverter columns 3 on the front side of the impeller blade 1 and the front and back sides of the guide vane 2 are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range, the diverter column 3 pops up, and the high-speed water flow first enters from the water inlet hole 301 of the front row of diverter columns 3, and then flows out from the three water outlet holes 302 on the back side of the water inlet hole 301, and is diverted into water flows in three directions. The diverted water body is accelerated by the rotation of the impeller blade 1, thereby passing through at high speed. There are several diverter columns 3 in the rear row. Every time the water flows through a diverter column 3, each water flow will be diverted again by the diverter column 3 into water flows in three directions, interrupting the vortex in the impeller blade channel from more directions and at a faster speed. After the high-speed water flow enters the guide vane 2, the vortex in the guide vane blade channel is eliminated in the same way and decelerated in the guide vane 2; if the water pump has just ended a long-term shutdown state at this time, a layer of high-viscosity biofilm that is difficult to remove will be attached to the inner surface of the water pump, which will seriously affect the water flow state on the surface of the flow-through components and easily cause the formation of vortices. Therefore, the high-speed water flow after being diverted by the diverter columns 3 on the impeller blades 1 and the guide vanes 2 can remove the biofilm, improve the working efficiency of the water pump, and extend the service life of the water pump.

[0040] The present invention embeds an electromagnetically controlled diverter column in the impeller blades of the water pump. When vortexes are generated in the impeller blades and the guide vane flow channel during off-state operation, the electromagnetic fixing seat is demagnetized and the diverter column is popped up, so that the water flowing through the impeller is diverted into several streams with different directions and obtains more kinetic energy. The dispersed water flows impact various types of vortices such as the blade channel vortex and separation vortex in the impeller flow channel at a faster speed and from more directions. Finally, the water flows into the guide vane body and is diverted by the diverter column on the guide vane surface, impacting the vortex in the guide vane flow channel. When the water pump is at 0.9-1.1 times the design flow rate When the pump is running at full capacity, the electromagnetic fixing seat is magnetized and the electromagnetic controlled diverter column can be retracted without affecting the normal operation of the water pump; when the water pump is running under abnormal working conditions and eddy currents are generated in the impeller and guide vane flow channels, the electromagnetic fixing seat is demagnetized and the diverter column is popped up, which can effectively interrupt various eddy currents in the impeller and guide vanes, eliminate the impact of cavitation damage on the blades, extend the service life of the blades, and reduce the pressure pulsation amplitude caused by unsteady flow in the impeller and guide vanes, thereby effectively alleviating the adverse effects of unit vibration on the safety and stability of the project, while reducing the energy dissipation in the impeller and guide vanes and improving the working efficiency of the water pump.

[0041] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column, comprising impeller blades and guide vanes installed in the water pump, characterized in that: The impeller blades and guide vanes are respectively embedded with diverter columns, and the diverter columns include an upper diverter column body, a diverter column extension section is provided below the diverter column body, a slide rail is provided on the surface of the diverter column extension section, one end of the U-shaped rod is embedded in the slide rail, and the other end of the U-shaped rod is rotatably connected to the electromagnetic fixing seat fixed inside the impeller blades and guide vanes, and a spring is connected between the lower bottom surface of the diverter column extension section and the upper top surface of the electromagnetic fixing seat; a unique water inlet hole is opened in the center of the water inlet side of the diverter column body, and a water outlet hole is provided on the water outlet side of the diverter column body, and the water outlet hole and the water inlet hole are arranged in opposite directions.

2. The water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter column body is connected to the electromagnetic fixing seat by magnetic adsorption. A remotely controllable magnetic on-off device is provided inside the electromagnetic fixing seat to control the attraction or repulsion state of the diverter column body and the electromagnetic fixing seat.

3. The water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller blades include an impeller blade outlet edge on the left and an impeller blade inlet edge on the right. The angle between the center line of the impeller blade axial surface and the blade angle lines on both sides of the impeller blade is 0~40°, and a diverter column is set at the intersection between the blade axial surface section and the blade angle line.

4. The water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blade axial surface section includes a first cross-sectional axis, a second cross-sectional axis, a third cross-sectional axis, a fourth cross-sectional axis and a fifth cross-sectional axis arranged along the direction from the rim to the hub of the impeller blade, and the diverter columns located on the first cross-sectional axis, the fourth cross-sectional axis, the second cross-sectional axis and the third cross-sectional axis are staggered.

5. The water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional radius of the diverter column located on the first cross-sectional axis and the fourth cross-sectional axis is 0.04 times the radius of the impeller blade, and the cross-sectional radius of the diverter column located on the second cross-sectional axis and the third cross-sectional axis is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade.

6. The water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vane includes a lower guide vane water inlet edge and an upper guide vane water outlet edge. The streamline flowing from the guide vane water inlet edge to the guide vane water outlet edge is the guide vane streamline direction bone line. The guide vane horizontal direction bone line is between the guide vane water outlet edge and the guide vane water inlet edge and intersecting with the guide vane streamline direction bone line. The guide vane streamline direction bone line includes a first streamline direction bone line, a second streamline direction bone line, a third streamline direction bone line, a fourth streamline direction bone line, and a fifth streamline direction bone line. The position of the diverter column is determined by the intersection of the second streamline direction bone line, the third streamline direction bone line, the fourth streamline direction bone line and the guide vane horizontal direction bone line. The cross-sectional radius of the diverter column is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade.

7. The water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet includes a central water outlet arranged on the water outlet side of the diverter column body, and a pair of side water outlets are provided on both sides of the central water outlet. The radius of the water outlet is 0.05 times the radius of the impeller blade, and the radius of the water inlet is 0.08 times the radius of the impeller blade.

8. The method for eliminating eddy currents in a water pump with an embedded electromagnetically controlled diverter column according to any one of items 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the water pump is running at 0.9~1.1 times the design flow rate, the water flow in the pump is good and no obvious eddy current is generated. At this time, the electromagnetic fixing seat is magnetized and attracted to the diverter column body. The diverter column is in the retracted state, the U-shaped rod is located at the groove point on the slide rail, the spring is in the compressed state, the impeller blades and guide vanes are flat, and the water pump operates normally; When the water pump is running at 0.7~0.9 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is less than the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the vortex in the water pump is mainly concentrated on the outer edge of the impeller and the back of the blade inlet. The electromagnetic fixing seats of all the diverter columns on the first axial section of the back of the impeller blade and the first two diverter columns along the water flow direction on the axes of the second, third and fourth sections are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter column body is repelled from the electromagnetic fixing seat, the spring pops out, and the U-shaped rod is forced to move down to the position of the lower groove point of the slide rail. The diverter column pops out, and when the high-speed water flow in the impeller flows through the diverter columns on the outer edge of the back of the blade and the inlet side, the water flows into the water inlet hole and flows out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet hole, and is divided into three small streams flowing in different directions, impacting the vortex in the flow field on the back of the blade, thereby achieving the effect of eliminating the vortex; When the water pump is running at a flow rate less than 0.7 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is far away from the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the location where the vortex is generated begins to spread to the impeller outlet edge and the blade root, and the water flow state in the guide vane deteriorates, forming a vortex in the guide vane blade channel. Therefore, the electromagnetic fixing seat of all the diverter columns on the back of the impeller blade and the front and back of the guide vane blade is set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter column pops out, and the high-speed water flow first enters from the water inlet hole of the front row of diverter columns, and then flows out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet hole, and is diverted into water flows in three directions. The diverted water body is accelerated by the rotation of the impeller blades, and thus passes through several diverter columns in the back row at high speed. Each time it flows through a diverter column, each water flow will be diverted again by the diverter column into water flows in three directions, interrupting the vortex in the impeller blade channel from more directions and at a faster speed. After the high-speed water flow enters the guide vane, the vortex in the guide vane blade channel is eliminated in the same way and decelerated in the guide vane. When the water pump is running at 1.1 to 1.3 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is higher than the maximum efficiency point flow rate. The vortex in the water pump is mainly concentrated on the outer edge, root and front of the impeller blade inlet. The electromagnetic fixing seats of all the diverter columns on the first and fourth axial sections of the impeller blade front and the first two diverter columns along the water flow direction on the second and third axial sections are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter columns pop out, and when the high-speed water flow in the impeller flows through the diverter columns on the outer edge, root and blade inlet of the blade front, the multi-directional small streams of water after diversion impact the vortex in the impeller flow channel area, achieving the effect of eliminating the vortex. When the water pump is running at a flow rate greater than 1.3 times the design flow rate, the flow rate is far away from the maximum efficiency point flow rate, and the location where the vortex is generated begins to spread from the impeller blade edge and root to the middle, and the water flow state in the guide vane deteriorates, forming a vortex in the guide vane blade channel. Therefore, the electromagnetic fixing seats of all the diverter columns on the front and back of the impeller blades and the guide vane blades are set to automatically demagnetize within this flow range. The diverter columns pop out, and the high-speed water flow first enters from the water inlet holes of the front row of diverter columns, and then flows out from the three water outlet holes on the back of the water inlet holes, and is diverted into water flows in three directions. The diverted water body is accelerated by the rotation of the impeller blades, and thus passes through several diverter columns in the back row at high speed. Each time it flows through a diverter column, each water flow will be diverted again by the diverter column into water flows in three directions, interrupting the vortex in the impeller blade channel from more directions and at a faster speed. After the high-speed water flow enters the guide vane, the vortex in the guide vane blade channel is eliminated in the same way and decelerated in the guide vane; If the water pump has just ended a long-term shutdown state, a layer of highly viscous biofilm that is difficult to remove will adhere to the inner surface of the water pump, seriously affecting the flow pattern of the water on the surface of the flow-through components and easily causing the formation of vortices. Therefore, the high-speed water flow after being diverted by the impeller blades and guide vane diversion columns can remove the biofilm, improve the working efficiency of the water pump, and extend the service life of the water pump.

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