A waste incineration flue gas treatment method and a flue gas treatment device

Abstract

The present application relates to waste incineration flue gas treatment technical field, specifically relates to a kind of waste incineration flue gas treatment method and flue gas treatment device.Method comprising: obtaining the flue gas emission of waste current incineration process, the incineration temperature and incineration duration of different monitoring points in waste incinerator;According to the flue gas emission, the incineration temperature and incineration duration of monitoring point obtains incineration intensity, and the temperature change rate difference of monitoring point in flue gas duct is obtained to obtain the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of each monitoring point;According to the temperature attenuation of different monitoring points and temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient, the concentration increase degree of acid gas in the flue gas of each monitoring point is obtained, and the difference between the incineration temperature of monitoring point in current incineration process and the incineration temperature of monitoring point in historical incineration process is comprehensively adjusted.The proportion of lime and water in lime slurry is adjusted.The present application makes the filtration of acidic gas generated by waste incineration more sufficient and better.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste incineration flue gas treatment, in particular to a waste incineration flue gas treatment method and a flue gas treatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, waste incineration has become a mainstream waste disposal method because of its convenience, low cost, high volume reduction rate, and clean and recyclable energy (heat power generation). However, the flue gas generated during incineration has complex composition and contains various pollutants such as acid gases. Due to the lack of effective flue gas filtration and purification means, the emission of pollutants exceeds the standard, causing public concern about the environment and health.

[0003] When the existing waste incineration flue gas filtration and purification device filters flue gas, the spraying concentration or amount of the filtration and purification device is adjusted according to the waste incineration condition of the incinerator. Since the acid gases in the incinerator will undergo pyrolysis reaction or chemical reaction with other gases in the pipeline, there is a difference between the flue gas concentration in the incinerator and the actual flue gas concentration discharged, which causes the filtration device to be unable to completely react all the acid gases, or the excessive proportion of lime in the filtration device causes scaling at the dry-wet interface of the filtration device, which causes the accumulation of lime to block the pipeline and affect the flue gas discharge efficiency, resulting in equipment failure. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problem of insufficient filtration in the process of filtering the flue gas generated during waste incineration by the existing method, the purpose of the present application is to provide a waste incineration flue gas treatment method and a flue gas treatment device, and the technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides a waste incineration flue gas treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] Obtaining the flue gas emission amount in the current waste incineration process, the incineration temperature at different monitoring points in the waste incinerator, and the incineration time length;

[0007] According to the flue gas emission amount, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature at all monitoring points, and the incineration time length, the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is obtained; according to the difference of the temperature change rate of the monitoring points in the exhaust gas pipeline and the incineration intensity, the temperature decay abnormality coefficient of each monitoring point is obtained;

[0008] According to the temperature decay of different monitoring points and the temperature decay abnormality coefficient, the concentration increase degree of acid gases in the pipeline flue gas of each monitoring point is obtained;

[0009] According to the difference between the incineration temperature of the monitoring point in the current incineration process and the incineration temperature of the monitoring point in the historical incineration process and the concentration increase degree, the spraying amount of lime slurry in the acid gas filter and the proportion of lime and water in the lime slurry are adjusted.

[0010] Preferably, the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is obtained according to the flue gas emission amount, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration time length, and the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is obtained according to the flue gas emission amount, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration time length.

[0011] According to the flue gas emission amount, the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration time length, the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is obtained, the flue gas emission amount and the average incineration temperature are positively correlated with the incineration intensity, and the incineration time length is negatively correlated with the incineration intensity.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of each monitoring point is obtained according to the difference of the temperature change rate of the monitoring point in the exhaust pipe and the incineration intensity, and the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of each monitoring point is obtained according to the difference of the temperature change rate of the monitoring point in the exhaust pipe and the incineration intensity.

[0013] The monitoring points are sorted according to the order of the monitoring points contacting the flue gas in the pipe to obtain a monitoring point sequence, and all the monitoring points in the monitoring point sequence are mapped to a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, wherein the abscissa of the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is the order number of the monitoring point, and the ordinate is the incineration temperature corresponding to the monitoring point; two monitoring points with adjacent order numbers are connected by a straight line to obtain a first curve.

[0014] For any monitoring point on the first curve:

[0015] According to the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point on the first curve, the difference between the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point and the slopes corresponding to other monitoring points, and the incineration intensity, the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the any monitoring point is obtained, and the slope is used to represent the temperature change rate.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the any monitoring point is obtained according to the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point on the first curve, the difference between the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point and the slopes corresponding to other monitoring points, and the incineration intensity, and the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the any monitoring point is obtained according to the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point on the first curve, the difference between the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point and the slopes corresponding to other monitoring points, and the incineration intensity.

[0017] The first difference between the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point and the slope corresponding to each monitoring point is calculated respectively.

[0018] The first product of the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point and each first difference is calculated respectively; the normalized result of the sum of all first products and the product of the incineration intensity is determined as the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the any monitoring point.

[0019] Preferably, the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of each monitoring point is obtained according to the temperature attenuation of different monitoring points and the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient, and includes:

[0020] For any monitoring point on the first curve:

[0021] A first difference value between the incineration temperature of the any monitoring point and the incineration temperature of each monitoring point after the any monitoring point is calculated, and the first difference value is used to represent the temperature attenuation;

[0022] The concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of the any monitoring point is obtained according to the first difference value between the incineration temperature of the any monitoring point and the incineration temperature of all monitoring points after the any monitoring point and the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient.

[0023] Preferably, the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of the any monitoring point is obtained according to the first difference value between the incineration temperature of the any monitoring point and the incineration temperature of all monitoring points after the any monitoring point and the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient, and includes:

[0024] The concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of the any monitoring point is determined by normalizing the product of the cumulative sum of the first difference value between the incineration temperature of the any monitoring point and the incineration temperature of all monitoring points after the any monitoring point and the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient.

[0025] Preferably, the adjustment of the spraying amount of lime slurry in the acid gas filter includes:

[0026] A second difference between the average value of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the current incineration process and the average value of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the historical incineration process is calculated;

[0027] The normalized result of the second difference and the sum of the constant 1 are used as a lime slurry spraying amount coefficient;

[0028] The spraying amount of lime slurry is adjusted by using the lime slurry spraying amount coefficient.

[0029] Preferably, the adjustment of the proportion of lime and water in the lime slurry includes:

[0030] The average value of the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of all monitoring points is calculated; the sum of the constant 1 and the average value of the concentration increase degree is determined as a first adjustment coefficient; the proportion of water content in the lime slurry in the first-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the first adjustment coefficient; the proportion of lime content in the lime slurry in the second-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the first adjustment coefficient;

[0031] The average of the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of all monitoring points is taken as a second adjustment coefficient, and the water content proportion in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the second adjustment coefficient.

[0032] Preferably, adjusting the water content proportion in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter by using the second adjustment coefficient comprises:

[0033] The product of the second adjustment coefficient and the water content proportion in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter in the historical incineration process is taken as the adjusted water content proportion in the lime slurry.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application provides a waste incineration flue gas treatment device, which is used to realize the method described above, and comprises a water pipeline inlet, a lime pipeline inlet, a pipeline control switch, a smoke outlet, an air inlet, a filter screen, a first-stage acid gas filter, a second-stage acid gas filter, a third-stage acid gas filter, a water accumulation area and a water outlet.

[0035] The present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0036] The present application first evaluates the incineration intensity of the current incineration process by combining the flue gas emission amount in the current incineration process, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration time length, then analyzes the temperature variation characteristics of the flue gas generated by the waste incineration in the smoke exhaust pipeline, judges the variation of the acid gas concentration content in the pipeline flue gas according to the variation of the flue gas temperature, and adjusts the spraying condition of the lime slurry in the acid gas filter spraying device according to the difference between the incineration temperature of the monitoring points in the current incineration process and the incineration temperature of the monitoring points in the historical incineration process, so that the acid gas filtration is more sufficient and the filtration effect is better, and the possibility of equipment failure caused by the flue gas emission failure caused by the dry-wet interface scaling in the acid gas filter is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, and the advantages thereof, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 A flowchart of a waste incineration flue gas treatment method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 A mechanical structure diagram of a three-stage acid gas filter device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0040] In the diagram, 1 is the water pipe inlet, 2 is the lime pipe inlet, 3 is the pipe control switch, 4 is the smoke exhaust outlet, 5 is the air inlet, 6 is the filter screen, 7 is the first-stage acid gas filter, 8 is the second-stage acid gas filter, 9 is the third-stage acid gas filter, 10 is the water accumulation area, and 11 is the drain outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of a waste incineration flue gas treatment method and flue gas treatment device according to the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0043] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a specific scheme for a waste incineration flue gas treatment method and flue gas treatment device provided by the present invention.

[0044] An embodiment of a waste incineration flue gas treatment device:

[0045] This embodiment provides a waste incineration flue gas treatment device, which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the device includes a water pipe inlet 1, a lime pipe inlet 2, a pipe control switch 3, a smoke exhaust port 4, an air inlet 5, a filter screen 6, a first-stage acid gas filter 7, a second-stage acid gas filter 8, a third-stage acid gas filter 9, a water accumulation area 10, and a drain outlet 11.

[0046] This device is a three-stage acid gas filter. After the acid gas enters the filter through the flue gas inlet, the spray ratio of lime slurry in the spraying equipment within the filter is adjusted in real time according to the temperature of the flue gas. Water enters through the left pipe of the spraying equipment, and lime enters through the right pipe. The lime slurry formed by mixing in the filter reacts with the acid gas in the flue gas to eliminate the intermediate acid gases.

[0047] Flue gas enters a three-stage acidic gas filter. Based on real-time gas temperature, the control system adjusts the lime slurry spray volume and parameters of the three-stage acidic gas filter. Simultaneously, the water-lime ratio of each three-stage acidic gas filter is adjusted according to the time the flue gas enters each sprayer. The control system controls the different levels of water and lime entering the pipelines to regulate the water-lime ratio in the filters, thereby achieving better degradation and removal of acidic gases from the flue gas.

[0048] An example of a method for treating flue gas from waste incineration:

[0049] The specific scenario targeted by the present embodiment is that: when the garbage in the garbage incinerator is incinerated, a large amount of acidic gas such as hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, nitrogen, sulfur and other gas compounds will be generated, and when the acidic gas filter in the flue gas pipeline is passed, the spraying equipment in the acidic gas filter sprays lime water to filter the acidic gas in the flue gas, that is, by the semi-dry reaction tower deacidification method, the quicklime is prepared into lime slurry, and then the lime slurry is transported to the high-speed rotating atomizer, the atomized lime slurry reacts with the acidic gas in the flue gas to neutralize the acidic gas in the flue gas. In order to ensure the effect of treating the flue gas generated during the garbage incineration process, the present embodiment will adjust the spraying amount of the lime slurry and the content of lime and water in the lime slurry to improve the treatment effect of the garbage incineration flue gas.

[0050] The present embodiment proposes a garbage incineration flue gas treatment method, as shown in Figure 1 The garbage incineration flue gas treatment method and flue gas treatment device of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step S1, obtaining the flue gas emission amount in the current garbage incineration process, the incineration temperature of different monitoring points in the garbage incinerator, and the incineration time length.

[0052] Firstly, the infrared temperature detector (or thermocouple (K type / N type)) on the garbage incinerator is used to monitor the incineration temperature in the incinerator and the incineration temperature of multiple adjacent equidistant monitoring points on the flue gas duct in the current garbage incineration process. The temperature sensor is mainly arranged in the main combustion chamber of the garbage incinerator, and the temperature data is expressed in Celsius (℃). The number of monitoring points and the distance between adjacent monitoring points are set by the implementer according to the specific situation, which will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Different garbage has different flue gas emission amounts due to different types and categories of garbage. The CEMS (continuous emission monitoring system) is installed at the flue gas duct of the combustion chamber of the garbage incinerator to continuously monitor the flue gas flow in the current garbage incineration process, and the flue gas emission amount is obtained. The unit of flue gas emission amount is .

[0054] Different types of garbage have different combustion rates. The garbage that produces acidic gas is mainly garbage of petroleum chemical industry, rubber and plastic materials, which has a faster combustion rate and a shorter incineration time. In order to ensure the stability of heat supply, the garbage incinerator usually continuously feeds garbage to ensure the stability of heat supply. The present embodiment obtains the incineration time length in the current garbage incineration process.

[0055] At this point, the present embodiment has collected the flue gas emission amount in the current garbage incineration process, the incineration temperature of each monitoring point in the garbage incinerator, and the incineration time length.

[0056] Step S2: Based on the flue gas emission, the overall distribution of combustion temperature at all monitoring points, and the combustion duration, obtain the combustion intensity of the current combustion process; based on the differences in the rate of temperature change at monitoring points in the flue gas duct and the combustion intensity, obtain the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient for each monitoring point.

[0057] The existing method for treating acidic gases generated during waste incineration in waste incinerators is the semi-dry reaction tower deacidification method. This involves injecting lime slurry through an injection device in the acidic gas filter to neutralize the acidic gases in the pipeline, thus removing them from the flue gas. By quantifying the amount of waste burning in the incinerator, the amount of acidic gas produced is determined, and the injection rate and concentration of lime slurry in the gas filter are preset to achieve filtration. However, the flue gas produced by waste incineration contains a large amount of heat and various types of gases. These gases undergo pyrolysis reactions in the gas pipeline, causing the amount of acidic gas produced in the incinerator to differ from the actual acidic gas emission from the pipeline, resulting in insufficient filtration. Therefore, this embodiment, considering the combustion characteristics of different combustibles, adjusts the injection rate and concentration of lime slurry in the acidic gas filter in real time based on temperature and gas concentration changes, ensuring that the acidic gas filter can effectively filter the acidic gases.

[0058] Based on the above characteristics, this embodiment will evaluate the flue gas performance during the current waste incineration process by analyzing the incineration time, flue gas emission, and incineration temperature in the incinerator, in order to characterize the incineration intensity of the waste in the incinerator. When waste burns in the incinerator, it produces a large amount of flue gas. Since the combustion capacity of the waste incinerator is fixed, the amount of waste that can be put into the incinerator at one time is also fixed. The shorter the current incineration time, the faster the combustion rate of the waste currently put into the incinerator. That is, it indicates that the incineration temperature of the waste at that time is higher. The waste put into the waste incinerator is all combustible waste, mainly including plant waste (waste paper that is not suitable for recycling), waste plastics and rubber, old textiles, etc. (waste made of petrochemical, rubber, and plastic materials). Among them, waste made of petrochemical, rubber, and plastic materials contains a large amount of oily substances, resulting in a faster combustion rate and the production of a large amount of acidic gases. The shorter the incineration time of the waste in the incinerator, the higher the content of petrochemical and rubber / plastic waste in the waste, or the greater the likelihood that the waste being fed in is of these types.

[0059] Meanwhile, because the main chemical composition of the petrochemical, rubber and plastic waste is petroleum organic matter, and a large amount of chemicals are added in the processing process, the organic matter contains a large amount of acidic elements such as hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, nitrogen, sulfur and the like, which will release a large amount of acidic gas during the oxidation reaction in the incinerator. The greater the flue gas emission of the current incinerator, the more the content of acidic gas in the flue gas emission, that is, the greater the concentration of acidic gas in the current incinerator.

[0060] First, the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points is calculated according to the incineration temperature of each monitoring point. Then, the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is obtained according to the flue gas emission, the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration duration, wherein the flue gas emission and the average incineration temperature are positively correlated with the incineration intensity, and the incineration duration is negatively correlated with the incineration intensity.

[0061] The positive correlation means that the dependent variable will increase with the increase of the independent variable, and will decrease with the decrease of the independent variable, which can be an additive relationship, a multiplication relationship and the like, and is determined by actual application. The negative correlation means that the dependent variable will decrease with the increase of the independent variable, and will increase with the decrease of the independent variable, which can be a subtraction relationship, a division relationship and the like, and is determined by actual application.

[0062] In the embodiment, a specific calculation formula of the incineration intensity is given, and the incineration intensity of the current incineration process can be expressed as:

[0063]

[0064] wherein, represents the incineration intensity of the current incineration process, represents the flue gas emission of the current incineration process, represents the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the current incineration process, represents the incineration duration of the current incineration process, represents a normalization function.

[0065] The flue gas emission of the current incineration process is equal to the sum of the flue gas emissions of all time points in the current incineration process. The shorter the incineration duration of the current incineration process, the greater the possibility that the waste put in this time is organic chemical waste. The greater the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the current incineration process, the more intense and sufficient the incineration of the waste is. The higher the incineration temperature of the waste, the greater the concentration of the acidic gas produced and the more the flue gas emission of the acidic gas produced by the incineration, so as to The weight is multiplied by the amount of flue gas generated by the incineration of the waste in the incinerator, and the greater the product, the more intense the incineration of the currently fed waste in the incinerator. The greater the amount of flue gas emitted during the current incineration process, the greater the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points during the current incineration process, and the shorter the incineration time of the current incineration process, the greater the incineration intensity of the waste in the incinerator during the current incineration process, that is, the higher the incineration temperature of the waste and the greater the concentration of acidic gases generated.

[0066] Further, according to the temperature changes at different monitoring points in the flue gas pipeline, the concentration changes of the acidic gases are evaluated, and then the spraying device in the acidic gas filter is controlled according to the concentration changes.

[0067] When the flue gas generated by the incineration of waste reaches the pipeline from the incineration chamber of the incinerator and drifts in the pipeline, the acidic gases in the flue gas carry the temperature from the incineration chamber due to their own characteristics. The higher the temperature of the flue gas generated by the current combustion, the more active the chemical molecules in the gas. At a suitable temperature in the pipeline, the acidic gases or other suspended substances in the flue gas will undergo pyrolysis or chemical reaction with other gases, thereby increasing the concentration of acidic gases in the pipeline.

[0068] Pyrolysis is an endothermic reaction. When the temperature of the flue gas in the pipeline is suitable, the acidic organic compounds in the flue gas will decompose under the action of high temperature, causing the concentration of acidic gases in the pipeline to increase. Taking plastic organic matter in waste as an example, it undergoes pyrolysis in the range of 300-500℃, generating CH4, CO, H2, etc. and releasing chlorine-containing compounds (such as HCl), which increases the concentration of acidic substances in the pipeline. At the same time, with the occurrence of pyrolysis, the reaction absorbs heat, causing the temperature of the flue gas to drop.

[0069] The temperature in the main combustion zone of the waste incinerator is usually maintained at 850-1100℃. When the flue gas generated by the combustion of waste enters the pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas is relatively high. As the flue gas flows in the pipeline, the temperature of the flue gas gradually decreases. When the temperature of the flue gas reaches a certain temperature range, the acidic gases or other suspended substances in the flue gas will undergo pyrolysis. This reaction absorbs heat, causing the local flue gas temperature to drop temporarily (about 50-100℃). Within the suitable temperature range of pyrolysis, the higher the temperature, the more intense the pyrolysis, the more heat absorbed, and the greater the temperature drop rate. When the temperature of the flue gas drops to a certain extent, pyrolysis no longer occurs, and the temperature continues to decrease uniformly.

[0070] In this embodiment, all monitoring points are sorted according to the sequence of the monitoring points contacting the flue gas in the pipeline to obtain a monitoring point sequence, and all monitoring points in the monitoring point sequence are mapped into a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system in order from small to large according to the order of the monitoring points in the monitoring point sequence, wherein the horizontal coordinate of the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is the order number of the monitoring point, and the vertical coordinate is the incineration temperature corresponding to the monitoring point. Then, two monitoring points with adjacent order numbers are connected by a straight line, and the curve obtained after connecting all monitoring points is referred to as a first curve.

[0071] Next, this embodiment takes any monitoring point on the first curve as an example for description, and the method provided in this embodiment can be used to process other monitoring points on the first curve.

[0072] For any monitoring point on the first curve:

[0073] The slope of the monitoring point on the first curve is used to represent the temperature change rate. The absolute value of the difference between the slope corresponding to the monitoring point and the slope corresponding to each monitoring point is calculated, and the absolute value is referred to as a first difference. There is a corresponding first difference between the monitoring point and each monitoring point. The first product of the slope corresponding to the monitoring point and each first difference is calculated, and the sum of all first products is normalized with the product of the incineration intensity to determine the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the monitoring point.

[0074] In this embodiment, a specific calculation formula of the temperature decay anomaly coefficient is given, and the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the cth monitoring point can be expressed as:

[0075]

[0076] wherein, the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the cth monitoring point is represented by the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is represented by the total number of monitoring points in the flue gas duct, i.e. the number of monitoring points on the first curve, is represented by the slope corresponding to the cth monitoring point on the first curve is represented by the slope corresponding to the vth monitoring point on the first curve is represented by the absolute value symbol is represented by the normalization function is represented by

[0077] represents the first difference between the cth monitoring point and the vth monitoring point, used to represent the difference between the temperature change rates of the two monitoring points, the greater the value, the more abnormal the temperature change at the cth monitoring point of the pipeline is. In the embodiment, the temperature change rate of the monitoring point is weighted, and the monitoring points on the pipeline are uniformly arranged. As the temperature of the flue gas in the pipeline decreases, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the pipeline gradually decreases, and the temperature decrease rate in the pipeline gradually decreases, represents the first product between the cth monitoring point and the vth monitoring point. The greater the slope corresponding to the cth monitoring point, the greater the temperature change rate of the flue gas at the cth monitoring point in the exhaust gas pipeline during the current waste incineration process, and the greater the possibility of abnormal temperature change, that is, the greater the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of the cth monitoring point. In the embodiment, the incineration intensity is used as the weight. The greater the incineration intensity in the incinerator, the greater the temperature of the current incineration, and the greater the concentration of acidic gases in the flue gas, so that the possibility of pyrolysis reaction of the flue gas after entering the pipeline is greater, and the temperature change is more likely to be sharp. When the temperature decrease rate of the cth monitoring point is greater than that of the remaining monitoring points, it indicates that the decomposition reaction of the flue gas in the pipeline at the point is more intense, that is, the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of the flue gas in the pipeline at the monitoring point is greater.

[0078] By using the above method, the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of each monitoring point can be obtained.

[0079] Step S3, according to the temperature attenuation of different monitoring points and the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient, the concentration increase degree of acidic gases in the flue gas of each monitoring point is obtained.

[0080] The temperature of the incinerator carried by the flue gas is high, and the oxygen content in the exhaust gas pipeline is low. At a suitable temperature, the acidic gases in the flue gas will produce pyrolysis reaction, which will accelerate the temperature decrease of the flue gas, and the reaction will release acidic gases, which will increase the concentration of acidic gases. Therefore, when the temperature decrease of the flue gas in the pipeline is greater, the possibility of pyrolysis reaction in the pipeline is greater, and the increase degree of the concentration of acidic gases in the flue gas in the pipeline is greater.

[0081] In the temperature range of pyrolysis reaction, volatile matter decomposes slowly at lower temperature, gas generation rate is slow, suspended particulate matter weight loss is slow, gas accumulates in the particle for a longer time, and the duration of decomposition reaction is longer; at higher temperature, volatile matter decomposes and releases quickly, particulate matter weight drops rapidly, and its reaction is also relatively rapid, with faster gas generation rate. The energy required for various complex chemical reactions and chemical bond breakage occurring during pyrolysis is different, the higher the activation energy value of the reaction, the slower the chemical reaction, and the activation energy of the substances in the flue gas shows a rapid rise and then tends to be stable as the pyrolysis reaction proceeds, because in the initial decomposition process of particulate matter, macromolecular chains undergo chemical bond breakage to form fragments of uneven length, and this process requires constant energy absorption, so the required activation energy increases rapidly, and when the reaction proceeds to a certain extent, the energy required for the reaction remains stable. As the pyrolysis reaction continues, at the initial stage of higher temperature, the activation energy of the substance begins to rise rapidly, the reaction is relatively rapid, and the gas generation rate is fast, and as the reaction continues, the temperature gradually decreases, and the activation energy of the substance tends to be stable, at which time the decomposition of the substance is slow, the gas generation rate begins to slow down, and the increase in the gas concentration in the pipeline also gradually slows down.

[0082] Next, this embodiment still takes a monitoring point on the first curve as an example for description. Specifically, for any monitoring point on the first curve: the difference between the incineration temperature of the monitoring point and the incineration temperature of each monitoring point after the monitoring point is calculated respectively, and the difference is recorded as a first difference; there is a first difference between the monitoring point and each monitoring point after the monitoring point. The normalized result of the product of the sum of the first differences between the incineration temperatures of the monitoring point and all the monitoring points after the monitoring point and the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient is determined as the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the flue gas of the monitoring point.

[0083] In this embodiment, a specific calculation formula of the concentration increase degree is given, and the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the flue gas of the cth monitoring point can be expressed as:

[0084]

[0085] Wherein, represents the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the flue gas of the cth monitoring point, represents the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient of the cth monitoring point, represents the number of monitoring points after the cth monitoring point, represents the incineration temperature of the cth monitoring point, represents the incineration temperature of the bth monitoring point after the cth monitoring point.

[0086] The temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient is used as a weight, and the greater the temperature attenuation anomaly coefficient of the cth monitoring point in the flue gas pipeline indicates the greater the possibility of pyrolysis reaction. The first difference value represents the temperature attenuation, and the greater the first difference value, the faster the temperature attenuation, the more rapid the reaction, the greater the degree of pyrolysis, and the greater the increase in the concentration of acid gases. Finally, the concentration increase degree of acid gases in the flue gas at the point is obtained by normalization; the greater the concentration increase degree, the greater the increase in the concentration of acid gases at the cth monitoring point in the flue gas pipeline during the current waste incineration process, that is, the more significant the change in the concentration of acid gases at the node pipeline.

[0087] By using the above method, the concentration increase degree of acid gases in the flue gas at each monitoring point can be obtained.

[0088] Step S4, the difference between the incineration temperature of the monitoring point in the current incineration process and the incineration temperature of the monitoring point in the historical incineration process and the concentration increase degree are comprehensively considered to adjust the spraying amount of lime slurry in the acid gas filter and the proportion of lime and water in the lime slurry.

[0089] When the current waste incineration is the petroleum chemical organic waste, the temperature of the flue gas is relatively high. In order to make the filtration of acid gases more sufficient, while avoiding the scaling of the dry-wet interface in the spraying device due to the excessive spraying of lime slurry in the acid gas filter, it is necessary to adjust the spraying state of the acid gas filter.

[0090] Specifically, the difference between the average value of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the current incineration process and the average value of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the historical incineration process is denoted as a second difference; the sum of the normalized result of the second difference and a constant 1 is used as a lime slurry spraying amount coefficient. The lime slurry spraying amount coefficient can be represented as:

[0091]

[0092] wherein, the lime slurry spraying amount coefficient is denoted as the average value of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the current incineration process is denoted as the average value of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the historical incineration process is denoted as the absolute value symbol is denoted as the second difference is denoted as

[0093] It should be noted that the waste incinerated in the current incineration process and the historical incineration process is the same kind of waste.

[0094] After the stable lime slurry spraying amount coefficient is obtained, the spraying amount of the lime slurry is adjusted by using the lime slurry spraying amount coefficient, specifically, the product of the lime slurry spraying amount coefficient and the spraying amount of the lime slurry in the historical waste incineration process is taken as the adjusted spraying amount of the lime slurry.

[0095] Meanwhile, the content of lime and water in the lime slurry of the third-stage acid gas filter is adjusted according to the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas, specifically, the average value of the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of all monitoring points in the current monitoring process is calculated; the sum of the constant 1 and the average value of the concentration increase degree is determined as the first adjustment coefficient, then the water content ratio in the lime slurry in the first-stage acid gas filter and the lime content ratio in the lime slurry in the second-stage acid gas filter are adjusted by using the first adjustment coefficient, specifically, since the flue gas temperature in the first-stage acid gas filter is higher, the water in the lime slurry is more easily evaporated, and the water content ratio in the first-stage filter needs to be increased, therefore, the product of the first adjustment coefficient and the water content ratio in the lime slurry in the first-stage acid gas filter in the historical incineration process is taken as the adjusted water content ratio in the lime slurry in the first-stage acid gas filter. Since the pyrolysis reaction occurs, the concentration of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas increases, therefore, the product of the first adjustment coefficient and the lime content ratio in the lime slurry in the second-stage acid gas filter in the historical incineration process is taken as the adjusted lime content ratio in the lime slurry in the second-stage acid gas filter.

[0096] Since the flue gas in the third-stage acid gas filter has passed through the reaction of the first-stage acid gas filter and the second-stage acid gas filter, the flue gas temperature is relatively reduced, at this time, for the third-stage acid gas filter, the water content ratio in the lime slurry should be reduced. Specifically, the average value of the concentration increase degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of all monitoring points is taken as the second adjustment coefficient, and the water content ratio in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the second adjustment coefficient, specifically, the product of the second adjustment coefficient and the water content ratio in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter in the historical incineration process is taken as the adjusted water content ratio in the lime slurry, so that the filtration of the acid gas is more sufficient. It should be noted that in the historical incineration process, the lime content ratio, the water content ratio and the spraying amount are all set by the implementer according to the type of incinerated waste, which will not be described in detail here.

[0097] The flue gas generated in the waste incineration process is treated by using the adjusted corresponding lime content ratio, water content ratio and spraying amount of the lime slurry.

[0098] The embodiment firstly evaluates the incineration intensity of the current incineration process in combination with the flue gas emission amount in the current incineration process, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration duration, then analyzes the temperature variation characteristics of the flue gas generated by the garbage incineration in the exhaust pipe, judges the variation of the acid gas concentration content in the flue gas in the pipe according to the variation of the flue gas temperature, and adjusts the spraying of the lime slurry in the acid gas filter spraying device according to the difference between the incineration temperature of the monitoring point in the current incineration process and the incineration temperature of the monitoring point in the historical incineration process. The method provided in the embodiment makes the filtration of the acid gas more sufficient and the filtration effect better, and reduces the possibility of the equipment failure caused by the flue gas emission failure caused by the dry-wet interface scaling in the acid gas filter.

[0099] It should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waste incineration flue gas treatment method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the flue gas emission amount in the current waste incineration process, the incineration temperature of different monitoring points in the waste incinerator and the incineration time length; obtaining the incineration intensity of the current incineration process according to the flue gas emission amount, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration time length; obtaining the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of each monitoring point according to the difference of the temperature change rate of the monitoring points in the flue gas pipeline and the incineration intensity; obtaining the concentration amplification degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of each monitoring point according to the temperature attenuation of different monitoring points and the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient; adjusting the spraying amount of lime slurry in the acid gas filter according to the difference between the incineration temperature of the monitoring points in the current incineration process and the incineration temperature of the monitoring points in the historical incineration process, and adjusting the proportion of lime and water in the lime slurry according to the concentration amplification degree; the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is obtained according to the flue gas emission amount, the overall distribution of the incineration temperature of all monitoring points and the incineration time length, and the flue gas emission amount and the average incineration temperature are positively correlated with the incineration intensity, and the incineration time length is negatively correlated with the incineration intensity; the calculation formula of the incineration intensity of the current incineration process is: the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of each monitoring point is obtained according to the difference of the temperature change rate of the monitoring points in the flue gas pipeline and the incineration intensity, and the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of each monitoring point is obtained according to the difference of the temperature change rate of the monitoring points in the flue gas pipeline and the incineration intensity; wherein, represents the incineration intensity of the current incineration process, represents the flue gas emission of the current incineration process, represents the average incineration temperature of all monitoring points in the current incineration process, represents the incineration duration of the current incineration process, represents a normalization function; all monitoring points are sorted according to the order of the monitoring points contacting the flue gas in the pipeline to obtain a monitoring point sequence, and all monitoring points in the monitoring point sequence are mapped into a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, wherein the abscissa of the two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is the order number of the monitoring point, and the ordinate is the incineration temperature corresponding to the monitoring point; two monitoring points with adjacent order numbers are connected by a straight line to obtain a first curve; for any monitoring point on the first curve: the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of the any monitoring point is obtained according to the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point, the difference between the slope corresponding to the any monitoring point and the slopes corresponding to other monitoring points and the incineration intensity, and the slope is used to represent the temperature change rate; the calculation formula of the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient of the cth monitoring point is: the concentration amplification degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of each monitoring point is obtained according to the temperature attenuation of different monitoring points and the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient, and the concentration amplification degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of each monitoring point is obtained according to the temperature attenuation of different monitoring points and the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient; wherein, represents the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of the cth monitoring point, represents the total number of monitoring points in the flue gas duct, i.e. the number of monitoring points on the first curve, represents the slope corresponding to the cth monitoring point on the first curve, represents the slope corresponding to the vth monitoring point on the first curve, represents the absolute value symbol; for any monitoring point on the first curve: the first difference value between the incineration temperature of the any monitoring point and the incineration temperature of each monitoring point after the any monitoring point is calculated, and the first difference value is used to represent the temperature attenuation; the concentration amplification degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of the any monitoring point is obtained according to the first difference value between the incineration temperature of the any monitoring point and the incineration temperature of all monitoring points after the any monitoring point and the temperature attenuation abnormality coefficient; the calculation formula of the concentration amplification degree of the acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of the cth monitoring point is: ​ wherein, represents the degree of concentration increase of the acid gas in the flue gas of the pipeline at the cth monitoring point, represents the number of monitoring points after the cth monitoring point, represents the incineration temperature at the cth monitoring point, represents the incineration temperature at the bth monitoring point after the cth monitoring point.

2. The waste incineration flue gas treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the slope corresponding to any monitoring point on the first curve, the difference between the slope corresponding to any monitoring point and the slope corresponding to other monitoring points, and the burning intensity, the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of any monitoring point is obtained, including: The first difference between the slope corresponding to any monitoring point and the slope corresponding to each monitoring point is calculated respectively. The sum of all first products is normalized with the product of the burning intensity to determine the temperature decay anomaly coefficient of any monitoring point.

3. The waste incineration flue gas treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the first difference between the burning temperature of any monitoring point and the burning temperature of all monitoring points after any monitoring point and the temperature decay anomaly coefficient, the concentration increase degree of acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of any monitoring point is obtained, including: The sum of the first difference between the burning temperature of any monitoring point and the burning temperature of all monitoring points after any monitoring point is multiplied by the temperature decay anomaly coefficient to determine the concentration increase degree of acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of any monitoring point.

4. The waste incineration flue gas treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the spraying amount of lime slurry in the acid gas filter includes: The difference between the average value of the burning temperature of all monitoring points in the current burning process and the average value of the burning temperature of all monitoring points in the historical burning process is recorded as the second difference. The sum of the normalized result of the second difference and the constant 1 is used as the lime slurry spraying amount coefficient. The lime slurry spraying amount is adjusted by using the lime slurry spraying amount coefficient.

5. The waste incineration flue gas treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the proportion of lime and water in the lime slurry includes: The average value of the concentration increase degree of acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of all monitoring points is calculated, and the sum of the constant 1 and the average value of the concentration increase degree is determined as the first adjustment coefficient. The water content proportion in the lime slurry in the first-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the first adjustment coefficient, and the lime content proportion in the lime slurry in the second-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the first adjustment coefficient.

6. The waste incineration flue gas treatment method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The average value of the concentration increase degree of acid gas in the pipeline flue gas of all monitoring points is used as the second adjustment coefficient, and the water content proportion in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the second adjustment coefficient. The water content proportion in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter is adjusted by using the second adjustment coefficient, including:

7. A waste incineration flue gas treatment apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterized in that The product of the second adjustment coefficient and the water content proportion in the lime slurry in the third-stage acid gas filter in the historical burning process is used as the adjusted water content proportion in the lime slurry. The device includes a water pipeline inlet, a lime pipeline inlet, a pipeline control switch, an exhaust port, an air inlet, a filter screen, a first-stage acid gas filter, a second-stage acid gas filter, a third-stage acid gas filter, a water accumulation area, and a drain port.

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