A device and method for testing the stress performance of a horticulture facility tilting column and arch foot

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of horticultural structure test loading test, and particularly relates to a horticultural facility inclined column and arch foot stress performance testing device and method, the device comprising an adjustable inclined clamping device, a fence device, an anti-face-out supporting arm, a limiting stand column, an MTS actuator and a crossbeam, when the device is used for testing, the adjustable inclined clamping device is used to constrain the loading end of the test piece with different inclination angles, the fence device is used to limit the base of the test piece with different inclination angles and simulate the real working conditions, the force provided by the MTS actuator is transmitted to the loading end of the test piece, and then the stress performance test of the test piece with different inclination angles is realized, and the anti-face-out supporting arm provides effective face-out constraint, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of structural testing and loading of horticultural facilities, specifically relating to a testing device and method for the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities. Background Technology

[0002] Horticultural facilities are subjected to the combined loads of external wind and snow and internal vines over extended periods. The columns and arches at the base of the structural framework often experience significant internal forces, leading to plastic failure. In severe cases, this can cause the entire structure to collapse, directly jeopardizing normal agricultural production. Therefore, studying the stress performance of the columns and arches in horticultural facilities is crucial for ensuring their safety and stability.

[0003] In practical engineering applications, horticultural facilities are often designed with inclined columns and arches due to factors such as structural stress performance, lighting requirements, and suitability for mechanized production. The inclination angle typically ranges from 70° to 110°. Current structural loading devices are mostly limited to loading specimens at a 90° vertical angle, which is insufficient for testing inclined components. Furthermore, horticultural facility structures are usually lightweight and flexible, presenting multiple technical challenges for stress performance testing, including structural inclination and out-of-plane instability. This leads to safety hazards during loading tests and makes it difficult to guarantee the reliability of test results.

[0004] Therefore, how to combine the characteristics of conventional structural test halls to provide a safe, reliable, easy-to-operate, efficient, and low-cost testing device and method for testing the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities, and to meet the loading requirements of specimens with different inclination angles, has become one of the key issues that urgently need to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the requirements for stress testing of inclined components, this invention provides a device and method for testing the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet in horticultural facilities. The device includes an adjustable tilt clamping device, a enclosure device, an out-of-plane support arm, a limiting column, an MTS actuator, and a crossbeam. When using this device for testing, the adjustable tilt clamping device constrains the loading end of the test specimen at different tilt angles. The enclosure device limits the foundation of the test specimen at different tilt angles and simulates real working conditions. The force provided by the MTS actuator is transmitted to the loading end of the test specimen, thereby realizing the stress performance test of the test specimen at different tilt angles. The out-of-plane support arm provides effective out-of-plane constraint, ensuring the stability and safety of the test.

[0006] This invention provides a testing device for the stress performance of tilted columns and arch feet in horticultural facilities. It includes two limiting columns whose bottoms are fixedly connected to a base, and a crossbeam fixedly connected to the top of the two limiting columns. A enclosure device for limiting the foundation of the test specimen is also included. Two opposing outward-facing support arms are fixedly installed between the two limiting columns, with outward-facing sliding plates fixedly installed on the inner side of each support arm. The two outward-facing sliding plates are in close contact with a pulley assembly of an adjustable tilting clamping device. The base plate at the rear of the adjustable tilting clamping device is connected to an MTS actuator, and the front side of the base plate is connected to... The rear clamping plate seat is fixedly connected, and the front side of the rear clamping plate seat is detachably fixedly connected to the front clamping plate seat. The rear side of the front clamping plate seat and the front side of the rear clamping plate seat are provided with grooves. A front U-shaped clamping plate and a rear U-shaped clamping plate are provided between the front clamping plate seat and the rear clamping plate seat. The front U-shaped clamping plate and the front clamping plate seat, and the rear U-shaped clamping plate and the rear clamping plate seat are all connected by a rotating shaft. The front clamping plate seat is provided with a longitudinally extending screw hole and an adjusting screw is provided therein. The adjustable tilting clamping device is fixedly provided with anti-outward tilting connecting plates on both sides of the lateral side. The pulley assembly is located on the outside of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate.

[0007] Preferably, the base at the bottom of the limiting column includes anchor bolts, and the bottom of the limiting column is fixed to the horizontal surface of the test bench by the base with anchor bolts.

[0008] In the above structure, the MTS actuator can monitor the applied load in real time through sensors.

[0009] The U-shaped dimensions of the front and rear U-shaped clips can be adjusted according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the horticultural facility columns and arch feet.

[0010] The test specimen is a vertical or inclined column or arch foot of a horticultural facility; the loading end of the test specimen is constrained and fixed between the front U-shaped clamp and the rear U-shaped clamp.

[0011] Preferably, the range of the adjustment angle is within 30° of tilting in the front-back direction in the vertical direction of the horizontal plane, i.e., 90°±30°.

[0012] Preferably, the rear clamping plate seat has bolt holes that extend longitudinally through it, and the front side of the base plate has bolt holes corresponding to the rear clamping plate seat. The rear clamping plate seat is connected to the base plate by bolts.

[0013] The rear clip seat and the rear U-shaped clip are rotatably connected. Preferably, the rear clip seat has holes on its lateral sides that are opposite to the rear U-shaped clip and extend laterally. A rotating shaft is provided in the hole, and the rear U-shaped clip is rotatably connected to the rear clip seat through the rotating shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the rear clip seat has holes extending laterally on both sides of the rear clip corresponding to the rear U-shaped clip. Specifically, the rear clip seat has through holes extending laterally on both sides of the rear clip corresponding to the rear U-shaped clip. The rear U-shaped clip has through holes at the position corresponding to the rear clip seat behind its U-shaped groove. The rear U-shaped clip is connected to the rear clip seat through a rotating shaft.

[0015] In addition, other types of pivots can also be used for rotatable connections between the rear U-shaped clamp and the rear clamp seat, as long as the rear U-shaped clamp can rotate relative to the rear clamp seat.

[0016] The front clip seat and the front U-shaped clip are rotatably connected. Preferably, the front clip seat has holes on its lateral sides that are opposite to the front U-shaped clip and extend laterally. A rotating shaft is provided in the hole, and the front U-shaped clip is rotatably connected to the front clip seat through the rotating shaft.

[0017] Optionally, the front clip seat has holes extending laterally on both sides corresponding to the front U-shaped clip. Specifically, the front clip seat has through holes extending laterally on both sides corresponding to the front U-shaped clip. The front U-shaped clip has through holes in front of its U-shaped groove at a position corresponding to the front clip seat. The front U-shaped clip is connected to the front clip seat via a pivot.

[0018] In addition, other types of pivots can also be used for rotatable connections between the front U-shaped clamp and the front clamp seat, as long as the front U-shaped clamp can rotate relative to the front clamp seat.

[0019] The front clamp holder has threaded holes extending longitudinally on both the upper and lower sides of the middle section, and an adjusting screw is installed in each hole. The distance through which the adjusting screw protrudes from the rear side of the front clamp holder is adjusted so that it abuts against the front U-shaped clamp to fix the angle to be measured.

[0020] Threaded holes and adjusting screws should be provided at least on the upper and lower sides of the middle of the front clamp seat. Optionally, threaded holes and adjusting screws can also be provided in the middle. The angle of the front U-shaped clamp can be fixed by controlling the extension length of the adjusting screws on the upper and lower sides. Setting them only in the middle cannot achieve the purpose of angle fixation.

[0021] The specific method for adjusting the angle is as follows: after rotating the front U-shaped clamp, the rear U-shaped clamp, and the test piece between them to the required tilt angle, adjust the distance of the adjusting screws on the upper and lower sides of the middle of the front clamp seat to the rear side of the front clamp seat, so that they abut against the front U-shaped clamp at the angle to be measured, and complete the fixing and angle setting. This can meet the testing requirements of column and arch foot specimens with different tilt angles.

[0022] During testing, the angle between the front and rear U-shaped clamps and the test piece between them is fixed by adjusting the distance of the adjusting screw on the front clamp seat. There is no need to set up other components to fix the rotation between the rear clamp seat and the rear U-shaped clamp, or between the front clamp seat and the front U-shaped clamp. Of course, other components can be set up to fix the rotation between the clamp seat and the U-shaped clamp, but the present invention does not impose any particular restrictions on this.

[0023] By adjusting the tilt angle in the above manner, the test piece can be tilted horizontally within a range of 30° in the front-to-back direction with the horizontal plane as the vertical direction, i.e., 90°±30°.

[0024] Preferably, the front side of the rear clamp seat is fixedly connected to the front clamp seat by long bolts. The rear clamp seat has longitudinally extending threaded holes on both sides of the lateral direction corresponding to the front clamp seat. The front clamp seat has bolt through holes on both sides of the lateral direction corresponding to the rear clamp seat. The front clamp seat is connected to the rear clamp seat by long bolts.

[0025] Optionally, both the long bolt and the adjusting screw include an integral screw rod and a nut at the end of the screw rod, and the nuts of the long bolt and the adjusting screw are located at the front end of the front clamp seat after installation.

[0026] The method for installing the loading end of the test piece during use is as follows: First, separate the front clamp seat and the rear clamp seat, and install the long bolt in the bolt through hole of the front clamp seat. Then, place the loading end of the test piece in the groove of the rear U-shaped clamp. After aligning the corresponding longitudinally extending threaded holes of the front clamp seat and the rear clamp seat, rotate the long bolt to assemble the front clamp seat and the rear clamp seat, so that the loading end of the test piece is limited between the front U-shaped clamp and the rear U-shaped clamp.

[0027] Preferably, the adjustable tilt clamping device is provided with four triangular reinforcing plates, which are respectively fixedly installed on the horizontal sides of the top and bottom of the adjustable tilt clamping device. The triangular reinforcing plates are respectively provided with bolt holes corresponding to the bottom plate and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate. The triangular reinforcing plates are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom plate and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate by bolts.

[0028] Preferably, a threaded hole extending laterally is provided on the side of the base plate, and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate is connected to the threaded hole extending laterally on the base plate by bolts. There are two anti-outward tilting connecting plates, which are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the base plate. A pulley assembly is provided on the other side of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate opposite to the base plate.

[0029] As a further preferred embodiment, the pulley assembly includes a mounting base welded integrally with the anti-outward tilting connecting plate. One side of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate is connected to the transverse side of the base plate by bolts, and the mounting base is integrally welded to the other side. Each anti-outward tilting connecting plate has four sets of mounting bases integrally welded at its four corners. Each set of mounting bases includes two corresponding pulley plates with bolt holes in the middle, and a pulley is provided between the two pulley plates of each set of mounting bases.

[0030] Preferably, the base plate has bolt holes on its rear side that correspond to the position of the MTS actuator end. The MTS actuator end is fixed to the bolt holes on the rear side of the base plate by bolts, which is used to fix the base plate and the MTS actuator end and ensure that the two are tightly connected.

[0031] One end of the MTS actuator is fixed to the reaction wall facade via a base and screw, and the other end is connected to an adjustable tilting clamping device via bolts.

[0032] Preferably, the anti-out-of-plane support arm includes an out-of-plane support beam and an out-of-plane sliding plate. One end of the out-of-plane support beam and the limiting column are respectively provided with bolt holes and bolts. The out-of-plane support beam and the limiting column are fixed together by bolts, thereby clamping and fixing the out-of-plane support beam and the limiting column.

[0033] The other end of the out-of-plane support beam relative to the limiting column has an elongated hole, and the out-of-plane sliding plate has bolt holes evenly opened at the height corresponding to the elongated hole at the end of the out-of-plane support beam. The out-of-plane sliding plate and the out-of-plane support beam are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0034] The out-of-plane sliding plate can adjust the position of the bolts according to the installation position of the specimen and connect with the elongated hole of the out-of-plane support beam to improve the installation error tolerance of the specimen.

[0035] Preferably, the enclosure device includes a U-shaped enclosure panel and end plates on the sides of the U-shaped enclosure panel. The U-shaped enclosure panel includes three side walls and is open on the remaining side. An end plate is provided on the open side of the U-shaped enclosure panel. The end plate is detachably connected to the U-shaped enclosure panel by bolts. Reinforcing ribs are welded to the sides of the U-shaped enclosure panel and the end plate, with a total of four reinforcing ribs welded, including two opposing reinforcing ribs on the front side and two corresponding reinforcing ribs on the rear side. Bolt holes are opened at the same height position on the reinforcing ribs. The tie rod extends longitudinally and passes through the bolt holes of the corresponding reinforcing ribs. The ends of the tie rods are threaded, and the tie rods can be fixed by tightening the reinforcing ribs with nuts.

[0036] The foundation of the test specimen is placed behind the enclosure device, and soil is filled to simulate the real environment. The soil is then used to fix the specimen in place through the enclosure device.

[0037] Planting soil can be filled between the enclosure device and the horticultural facility columns and arch foundations to recreate the actual service environment of the horticultural facilities.

[0038] The method for conducting performance tests using the aforementioned testing device for the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet in horticultural facilities specifically includes the following steps: 1) Place the loading end of the test piece between the front U-shaped clamp and the rear U-shaped clamp of the adjustable tilt clamping device. Tighten the front U-shaped clamp at the test angle by passing through the adjusting screw of the front clamp seat from the rear side. Cooperate with the rear U-shaped clamp to fasten and limit the loading end of the test piece. 2) The foundation of the test specimen is clamped and limited by the enclosure device, and the soil between the foundation of the test specimen and the enclosure device is filled to restore the actual service environment of the horticultural facility structure. 3) Turn on the MTS actuator switch and load control strategy to start the force performance test.

[0039] During testing, the loading end of the test piece is placed between the front and rear U-shaped clamps of the adjustable tilt clamping device. The front U-shaped clamp, positioned at the test angle, is tightened by the adjusting screw of the front clamp seat extending from the rear side. This, in conjunction with the rear U-shaped clamp, provides a tight and limiting constraint on the loading end of the test piece. More specifically, after the front and rear clamp seats are connected by long bolts, the front U-shaped clamp will press against the rear U-shaped clamp, making the front and rear U-shaped clamps a single unit. The angle can then be limited by tightening the front U-shaped clamp with the upper and lower adjusting screws. The MTS actuator applies force, which can push the adjustable tilt clamping device forward, allowing it to move the test piece for testing; alternatively, it can pull the adjustable tilt clamping device backward.

[0040] Specifically, when the adjustable tilt clamping device is subjected to force by the MTS actuator, the adjustable tilt clamping device and its components are subjected to force together. Since the front and rear U-shaped clamps and the front and rear clamp seats are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, it is expected that the front and rear U-shaped clamps may rotate relative to each other when the adjustable tilt clamping device is subjected to force on the components. Since the adjusting screw has been adjusted to the state where the front and rear U-shaped clamps and the test piece between them are in a tight position at the angle to be tested before the test, the adjusting screw can apply a supporting force to the front U-shaped clamp to counteract the torque generated by the overall movement of the adjustable tilt clamping device, so that its angle is fixed throughout the test process.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the testing device and method for the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities provided by the present invention have the following advantages: (1) The current testing device cannot be used for loading the stress performance of inclined small specimens. Existing equipment can usually only meet the loading of 90° vertical specimens. This method can achieve loading of horticultural facility column and arch foot specimens with inclination of -30° to 30° (i.e. 90°±30°), and no additional power drive device needs to be designed. The loading of specimens can be achieved by using the MTS actuator commonly found in structural test sites. (2) The U-shaped clamp in the adjustable tilt clamping device can be designed according to the different dimensions of the columns and arches of different horticultural facilities. It is suitable for column and arch specimens with different cross-sectional dimensions, cross-sectional thickness and multiple cross-sectional types, which improves the applicability of the method. (3) The pulleys in the adjustable tilting clamping device abut against the out-of-plane support arm, providing sufficient lateral restraint, which can effectively prevent out-of-plane instability of the tilted column and arch foot specimens, ensuring safe loading and normal operation of the test; (4) The adjustable tilt clamping device adopts the method of connecting the front and rear clamping plates with long bolts, which makes installation and disassembly convenient and allows for quick replacement of tilting columns and arch foot specimens, thus improving the practicality and ease of operation of the device. (5) Planting soil can be filled between the enclosure panel and the inclined column and arch foot foundation in the enclosure device, which effectively restores the real service environment of the horticultural facility column and arch foot foundation; (6) The device used in this method is flexible, safe and reliable, easy to maintain and low cost, and has good social and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stress performance testing device for inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities described in the equipment embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable tilting clamping device described in the equipment embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the enclosure device structure described in the equipment embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer support arm structure of the protective surface as described in the equipment embodiment; Figure 5 The hysteresis curves measured in the test experiment are used for testing. Figure 6 This is a real-world image of the horticultural facility tilt column and arch foot testing device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the force acting on the test piece of the present invention when it is tilted forward and the angle is kept fixed during the test. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the force acting on the test piece of the present invention when it is not tilted and remains vertical, and the angle is kept fixed during the test. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the force acting when the test piece is tilted backward, maintaining a fixed angle during the test.

[0043] In the figure, 1 is an adjustable tilt clamping device, 11 is a base plate, 12 is an anti-out-of-plane tilt connecting plate, 13 is a triangular reinforcing plate, 14 is a mounting base, 15 is a pulley, 16 is a rear clamp seat, 17 is a rear U-shaped clamp, 18 is a front clamp seat, 19 is a front U-shaped clamp, 111 is an adjusting screw, 112 is a long bolt, 2 is a enclosure device, 21 is a U-shaped enclosure plate, 22 is a reinforcing rib, 23 is an end plate, 24 is a tie rod, 3 is an anti-out-of-plane support arm, 31 is an out-of-plane support beam, 32 is an out-of-plane sliding plate, 4 is a limiting column, 5 is an MTS actuator, 6 is a crossbeam, and 7 is the test piece. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention in more detail and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] In this invention, the extension direction of the crossbeam is taken as the transverse direction, and the horizontal orthogonal direction of the crossbeam is taken as the longitudinal direction. With the crossbeam as the reference, one side of the MTS actuator is the rear side, and the other side is the front side.

[0046] Equipment implementation, for example Figure 1-4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a testing device for the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities.

[0047] The device includes two limiting columns 4 whose bottoms are fixedly connected to the base, and a crossbeam 6 fixedly connected to the top of the two limiting columns 4. A barrier device 2 limits the foundation of the test piece 7. Two opposing outward-facing support arms 3 extend inward between the two limiting columns 4 and are fixedly installed. Outward-facing sliding plates 32 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outward-facing support arms 3. The two outward-facing sliding plates 32 are in close contact with the pulley assembly of the adjustable tilting clamping device 1. The base plate 11 at the rear of the adjustable tilting clamping device 1 is connected to the MTS actuator 5. The front side of the base plate 11 is fixedly connected to the rear clamping plate seat 16. The front of the rear clamping plate seat 16... The side is detachably fixedly connected to the front clamping plate seat 18. The rear side of the front clamping plate seat 18 and the front side of the rear clamping plate seat 16 are provided with grooves. A front U-shaped clamping plate 19 and a rear U-shaped clamping plate 17 are provided between the front clamping plate seat 18 and the rear clamping plate seat 16. The front U-shaped clamping plate 19 and the front clamping plate seat 18, and the rear U-shaped clamping plate 17 and the rear clamping plate seat 16 are all connected by a rotating shaft. The front clamping plate seat 18 is provided with a longitudinally extending screw hole and an adjusting screw 111 is provided therein. The adjustable tilting clamping device 1 is fixedly provided with anti-outward tilting connecting plates 12 on both sides of the lateral side. The pulley assembly is provided on the outside of the anti-outward tilting connecting plates 12.

[0048] Preferably, the base at the bottom of the limiting column 4 includes anchor bolts, and the bottom of the limiting column 4 is fixed to the horizontal surface of the test bench by the base with anchor bolts.

[0049] In the above structure, the MTS actuator 5 can monitor the applied load in real time through sensors.

[0050] The U-shaped dimensions of the front U-shaped clip 19 and the rear U-shaped clip 17 can be adjusted according to the cross-sectional dimensions of the horticultural facility columns and arch feet.

[0051] The test piece 7 is a vertical or inclined column or arch foot of a garden facility; the loading end of the test piece 7 is constrained and fixed between the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17.

[0052] The range of the adjustment angle is within 30° of tilting in the front-back direction in the vertical direction of the horizontal plane, i.e., 90°±30°.

[0053] The rear clamping plate seat 16 has a bolt hole that runs through it longitudinally. The front side of the base plate 11 has a bolt hole corresponding to the rear clamping plate seat 16. The rear clamping plate seat 16 is connected to the base plate 11 by bolts. It should be noted that the bolt hole corresponding to the rear clamping plate seat 16 on the front side of the base plate 11 can be a through hole or a blind hole that does not penetrate the base plate 11. It can be adjusted according to the length of the bolt. This is not a technical point to be protected by the present invention.

[0054] The rear clip seat 16 and the rear U-shaped clip 17 are rotatably connected. Preferably, the rear clip seat 16 has holes on its lateral sides that are corresponding to the rear U-shaped clip 17 and extend laterally. A rotating shaft is provided in the hole, and the rear U-shaped clip 17 is rotatably connected to the rear clip seat 16 through the rotating shaft. Optionally, the rear clip seat 16 has holes extending laterally on its two lateral sides corresponding to the rear U-shaped clip 17. Specifically, the rear clip seat 16 has through holes extending laterally on its two lateral sides corresponding to the rear U-shaped clip 17. The rear U-shaped clip 17 has through holes at the position corresponding to the rear clip seat 16 behind its U-shaped groove. The rear U-shaped clip 17 is connected to the rear clip seat 16 through a rotating shaft.

[0055] In addition, other types of pivots can also be used for the rotatable connection between the rear U-shaped clamp 17 and the rear clamp seat 16, as long as the rear U-shaped clamp 17 can rotate relative to the rear clamp seat 16.

[0056] The front clip seat 18 and the front U-shaped clip 19 are rotatably connected. Preferably, the front clip seat 18 has holes on its lateral sides that are corresponding to the front U-shaped clip 19 and extend laterally. A rotating shaft is provided in the hole, and the front U-shaped clip 19 is rotatably connected to the front clip seat 18 through the rotating shaft. Optionally, the front clip seat 18 has holes extending laterally on its two lateral sides, corresponding to the front U-shaped clip 19. Specifically, the front clip seat 18 has through holes extending laterally on its two lateral sides, corresponding to the front U-shaped clip 19. The front U-shaped clip 19 has through holes in front of its U-shaped groove at a position corresponding to the front clip seat 18. The front U-shaped clip 19 is connected to the front clip seat 18 via a pivot.

[0057] In addition, other types of pivots can also be used for the rotatable connection between the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the front clamp seat 18, as long as the front U-shaped clamp 19 can rotate relative to the front clamp seat 18.

[0058] The front clamp seat 18 has threaded holes extending longitudinally on both the upper and lower sides of the middle part, and an adjusting screw 111 is provided therein. By adjusting the distance of the adjusting screw 111 protruding from the rear side of the front clamp seat 18, it can be used to abut against the front U-shaped clamp 19 at the angle to be measured to fix the angle to be measured.

[0059] At least the upper and lower sides of the middle of the front clamping plate seat 18 are provided with threaded holes and adjusting screws 111. Optionally, threaded holes and adjusting screws 111 can also be provided in the middle. The angle of the front U-shaped clamping plate 19 can be fixed by controlling the extension length of the adjusting screws 111 on the upper and lower sides. Setting only in the middle cannot achieve the purpose of angle fixation.

[0060] The specific method for adjusting the angle is as follows: After rotating the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17 and the test piece 7 between them to the required tilt angle, the distance of the adjusting screws 111 on the upper and lower sides of the middle of the front clamp seat 18 through the rear side of the front clamp seat 18 is adjusted so that they abut against the front U-shaped clamp 19 at the angle to be measured, thus completing the fixing and angle setting. When the MTS actuator 5 applies force to the rear clamp seat 16 during the test, the test piece 7 between the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17 can be limited to the angle to be measured, which can realize the test requirements of column and arch foot specimens with different tilt angles.

[0061] During testing, the angles of the front U-shaped clamp 19, the rear U-shaped clamp 17, and the test piece 7 between them are fixed by adjusting the distance through which the adjusting screw 111 on the front clamp seat 18 passes. There is no need to set up other components to fix the rotation between the rear clamp seat 16 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17, or between the front clamp seat 18 and the front U-shaped clamp 19. Of course, other components can be set to fix the rotation between the clamp seat and the U-shaped clamp, but the present invention does not impose any particular restrictions on this.

[0062] By adjusting the tilt angle in the above manner, the test piece 7 can be tilted horizontally within a range of 30° in the front-back direction with the horizontal plane vertical direction, i.e., 90°±30°.

[0063] The front side of the rear clamp seat 16 is fixedly connected to the front clamp seat 18 by long bolts 112. The rear clamp seat 16 has longitudinally extending threaded holes on both sides of the lateral side, corresponding to the front clamp seat 18. The front clamp seat 18 has bolt through holes on both sides of the lateral side, corresponding to the rear clamp seat 16. The front clamp seat 18 is connected to the rear clamp seat 16 by long bolts 112.

[0064] Optionally, both the long bolt 112 and the adjusting screw 111 include an integral screw and a nut at the end of the screw. After installation, the nuts of the long bolt 112 and the adjusting screw 111 are located at the front end of the front clamp seat 18.

[0065] The method for installing the loading end of the test piece 7 during use is as follows: First, separate the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16, and install the long bolt 112 in the bolt through hole of the front clamp seat 18. Then, place the loading end of the test piece 7 in the groove of the rear U-shaped clamp 17. After aligning the corresponding longitudinally extending threaded holes of the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16, rotate the long bolt 112 to assemble the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16, so that the loading end of the test piece 7 is limited between the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17.

[0066] The adjustable tilt clamping device 1 is provided with four triangular reinforcing plates 13, which are respectively fixedly installed on the horizontal sides of the top and bottom of the adjustable tilt clamping device 1. The triangular reinforcing plates 13 are respectively provided with bolt holes corresponding to the bottom plate 11 and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12. The triangular reinforcing plates 13 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11 and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12 by bolts.

[0067] A threaded hole extending laterally is provided on the side of the base plate 11. The anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12 is connected to the threaded hole extending laterally on the base plate 11 by bolts. There are two anti-outward tilting connecting plates 12, which are fixedly installed on opposite sides of the base plate 11. A pulley assembly is provided on the other side of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12 opposite to the base plate 11.

[0068] The pulley assembly includes a mounting base 14 welded integrally with the anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12. One side of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12 is connected to the lateral side of the base plate 11 by bolts, and the mounting base 14 is integrally welded on the other side. Each anti-outward tilting connecting plate 12 has four sets of mounting bases 14 integrally welded at its four corners. Each set of mounting bases 14 includes two corresponding pulley plates with bolt holes in the middle. A pulley 15 is provided between the two pulley plates of each set of mounting bases 14.

[0069] The diameter of pulley 15 should be greater than the diagonal length of the pulley plate to ensure that pulley 15 can be installed between the pulley plates and that its outer edge can abut against the out-of-plane sliding plate 32.

[0070] The base plate 11 has bolt holes on its rear side that correspond to the position of the end of the MTS actuator 5. The end of the MTS actuator 5 is fixed to the bolt holes on the rear side of the base plate 11 by bolts, which is used to fix the base plate 11 and the end of the MTS actuator 5.

[0071] One end of the MTS actuator 5 is fixed to the reaction wall facade via a base and a screw, and the other end is connected to the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 via a bolt. Preferably, the bolt connecting the end of the MTS actuator 5 to the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 is a separate component.

[0072] The anti-out-of-plane support arm 3 includes an out-of-plane support beam 31 and an out-of-plane sliding plate 32. One end of the out-of-plane support beam 31 and the limiting column 4 are respectively provided with bolt holes and bolts. The out-of-plane support beam 31 and the limiting column 4 are fixed together by bolts, thereby fixing the out-of-plane support beam 31 and the limiting column 4.

[0073] The other end of the out-of-plane support beam 31 relative to the limiting column 4 has an elongated hole, and the out-of-plane sliding plate 32 has bolt holes evenly opened at the height corresponding to the elongated hole at the end of the out-of-plane support beam 31. The out-of-plane sliding plate 32 and the out-of-plane support beam 31 are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0074] The out-of-plane sliding plate 32 can adjust the position of the bolts according to the installation position of the specimen and connect with the elongated hole of the out-of-plane support beam 31 to improve the installation error tolerance of the specimen.

[0075] The enclosure device 2 includes a U-shaped enclosure plate 21 and an end plate 23 on the side of the U-shaped enclosure plate 21. The U-shaped enclosure plate 21 includes three side walls and is open on the remaining side. The end plate 23 is provided on the open side of the U-shaped enclosure plate 21. The end plate 23 is detachably connected to the U-shaped enclosure plate 21 by bolts. Reinforcing ribs 22 are welded to the sides of the U-shaped enclosure plate 21 and the end plate 23, with a total of four reinforcing ribs 22, including two opposite reinforcing ribs 22 on the front side and two corresponding reinforcing ribs 22 on the rear side. Bolt holes are opened at the same height position on the reinforcing ribs 22. The pull rod 24 extends longitudinally and passes through the bolt holes of the corresponding reinforcing ribs 22. The heads of both sides of the pull rod 24 are provided with threads. The pull rod 24 can be fixed by tightening the reinforcing ribs 22 with nuts.

[0076] After placing the foundation of the test specimen 7 behind the enclosure device 2, fill the soil to simulate the real environment, and fix it by filling the soil through the enclosure device 2.

[0077] Planting soil can be filled between the enclosure device 2 and the column and arch foundation of the horticultural facility test specimen 7 to recreate the real service environment of the horticultural facility.

[0078] When the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 is subjected to force by the MTS actuator 5, the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 and its components are subjected to force together. Since the front U-shaped clamp 19, the rear U-shaped clamp 17 and the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16 are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, it is expected that the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 may cause the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17 to rotate relative to each other when the components are subjected to force. Since the adjusting screw 111 has been adjusted to the state where the front U-shaped clamp 19, the rear U-shaped clamp 17 and the test piece 7 between them are in a tight position at the angle to be tested before the test, the adjusting screw 111 can apply a supporting force to the front U-shaped clamp 19 to counteract the torque generated by the overall drive of the adjustable tilt clamping device 1, so that its angle is fixed throughout the test process.

[0079] like Figures 7-9 As shown, when the MTS actuator 5 applies a forward or backward force, the front U-shaped clamp 19, the rear U-shaped clamp 17 and the test piece 7 between them have a certain tendency to rotate. At this time, the torque is offset by the supporting effect of the adjusting screw 111, so that it keeps the angle fixed during the test.

[0080] A physical image of the stress testing device for tilted columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities provided by this invention is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0081] Method embodiment: A method for testing the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet in horticultural facilities, using the apparatus described in the equipment embodiment, with the following specific steps: 1) First, separate the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16. The inclined test piece 7 column and arch foot loading end are placed in the groove of the rear U-shaped clamp 17 of the adjustable tilt clamping device 1. Install the long bolt 112 on the front clamp seat 18. After aligning the corresponding longitudinally extending threaded holes on the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16, rotate the long bolt 112 to assemble the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16 so that the loading end of the test piece 7 is limited between the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17. 2) Adjust the protrusion distance of the adjusting screw 111 of the front clamp seat 18 at the rear side of the front clamp seat 18 so that it abuts against the front U-shaped clamp 19 at the angle to be measured, so as to adjust the angle to be measured. 3) The column and arch foot foundations are clamped and limited by the enclosure device 2, and the space between the column and arch foot foundations and the enclosure device 2 is filled with soil to restore the actual service environment of the horticultural facility structure; 4) Turn on the switch and load control strategy of MTS actuator 5 to start the stress performance test of the inclined column and arch foot. The yield and ultimate bearing capacity of the inclined column and arch foot can be obtained by the above method.

[0082] During testing, the loading end of the test piece 7 is placed between the front U-shaped clamp 19 and the rear U-shaped clamp 17 of the adjustable tilt clamping device 1. The front U-shaped clamp 19 is tightened by the adjusting screw 111 of the front clamp seat 18 extending from the rear side, and cooperates with the rear U-shaped clamp 17 to fasten and limit the loading end of the test piece 7. More specifically, after the front clamp seat 18 and the rear clamp seat 16 are connected by the long bolt 112, the front U-shaped clamp 19 will press against the rear U-shaped clamp 17. At this time, the front and rear U-shaped clamps become a whole. The angle can be limited by tightening the front U-shaped clamp 19 with the up and down adjusting screw 111. The MTS actuator 5 applies force, which can push the adjustable tilt clamping device forward, so that the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 can drive the test piece 7 for testing; or it can pull the adjustable tilt clamping device 1 backward.

[0083] Test Example 1: Using the scheme of the above method embodiment and the device in the equipment embodiment, the stress performance of an 85° (i.e., tilted backward 5°) inclined column foot was tested; the dimensional information of the 85° inclined column foot is as follows: An 85° inclined column base; specimen length 1700 mm; cross-sectional dimensions 30 mm × 75 mm × 2 mm; wall thickness 2 mm; test scenario as follows. Figure 6 As shown, the hysteresis curve obtained through the MTS actuator is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the specific results are as follows: The test results showed that the yield load of the 85° inclined column base was 3.49 kN and the ultimate load was 4.05 kN.

[0084] Test Example 2: Using the scheme of the above method embodiment and the device in the equipment embodiment, the stress performance of a 110° (i.e., tilted forward 20°) inclined column foot was tested; the dimensional information of the 110° inclined column foot is as follows: 110° inclined column foot, specimen length 1700 mm, cross-sectional dimensions 30 mm × 75 mm × 2 mm, wall thickness 2 mm; the specific results obtained by the MTS actuator are as follows: The test results showed that the yield load of the 110° inclined column base was 2.64 kN and the ultimate load was 3.28 kN.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without any creative effort should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for the stress performance of inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities, comprising two limiting columns (4) whose bottoms are fixedly connected to a base, and a crossbeam (6) fixedly connected to the top of the two limiting columns (4), a enclosure device (2) for limiting the foundation of the test piece (7), two opposing anti-surface support arms (3) extending inward between the two limiting columns (4), and an anti-surface sliding plate (32) fixedly installed on the inner side of the anti-surface support arms (3), characterized in that: The two outer sliding plates (32) are in close contact with the pulley assembly of the adjustable tilt clamping device (1). The base plate (11) at the rear of the adjustable tilt clamping device (1) is connected to the MTS actuator (5). The front side of the base plate (11) is fixedly connected to the rear clamping plate seat (16). The front side of the rear clamping plate seat (16) is detachably fixedly connected to the front clamping plate seat (18). The rear side of the front clamping plate seat (18) and the front side of the rear clamping plate seat (16) are provided with grooves. The front clamping plate seat (18) and the rear clamping plate seat (16) are... The device is provided with a front U-shaped clamp (19) and a rear U-shaped clamp (17). The front U-shaped clamp (19) and the front clamp seat (18) and the rear U-shaped clamp (17) and the rear clamp seat (16) are connected by a rotating shaft. The front clamp seat (18) is provided with a longitudinally extending screw hole and an adjusting screw (111) is provided therein. The adjustable tilt clamping device (1) is fixedly provided with anti-outward tilting connecting plates (12) on both sides of the lateral side. The pulley assembly is provided on the outside of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12). The test piece (7) is a vertical or inclined column or arch foot of a garden facility; the loading end of the test piece (7) is fixed between the front U-shaped clip (19) and the rear U-shaped clip (17); the range of the adjustment angle is within 30° of the horizontal plane in the front-back direction, i.e., 90°±30°. The rear clamp seat (16) has bolt holes running longitudinally through it. The front side of the base plate (11) has bolt holes corresponding to the rear clamp seat (16), and the rear clamp seat (16) is connected to the base plate (11) by bolts. The rear clamp seat (16) has transversely extending holes on its two lateral sides corresponding to the rear U-shaped clamps (17), and a rotating shaft is installed in each hole. The rear U-shaped clamps (17) are rotatably connected to the rear clamp seat (16) via the rotating shaft. The front clamp seat (… The front U-shaped clamp (19) has holes extending laterally on both sides of the lateral side of the 18), and a rotating shaft is provided in the holes. The front U-shaped clamp (19) is rotatably connected to the front clamp seat (18) through the rotating shaft. The front clamp seat (18) has threaded holes extending longitudinally on both the upper and lower sides of the middle part, and an adjusting screw (111) is provided in them. The adjusting screw (111) passes through the rear side of the front clamp seat (18) and abuts against the front U-shaped clamp (19) to fix the angle to be measured. The front side of the rear clamp seat (16) is fixedly connected to the front clamp seat (18) by long bolts (112). The rear clamp seat (16) has longitudinally extending threaded holes on both sides of the lateral direction, corresponding to the front clamp seat (18). The front clamp seat (18) has bolt through holes on both sides of the lateral direction, corresponding to the rear clamp seat (16). The front clamp seat (18) is connected to the rear clamp seat (16) by long bolts (112).

2. The testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable tilt clamping device (1) is provided with triangular reinforcing plates (13). There are four triangular reinforcing plates (13), which are respectively fixedly installed on the horizontal sides of the top and bottom of the adjustable tilt clamping device (1). The triangular reinforcing plates (13) are respectively provided with bolt holes corresponding to the bottom plate (11) and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12). The triangular reinforcing plates (13) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom plate (11) and the anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12) by bolts.

3. The testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, A threaded hole extending laterally is opened on the side of the base plate (11). The anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12) is connected to the threaded hole extending laterally on the base plate (11) by bolts. There are two anti-outward tilting connecting plates (12) and they are fixedly set on opposite sides of the base plate (11). A pulley assembly is set on the other side of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12) opposite to the base plate (11). The pulley assembly includes a mounting base (14) welded to the anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12). One side of the anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12) is connected to the lateral side of the base plate (11) by bolts, and the mounting base (14) is integrally welded on the other side. Each anti-outward tilting connecting plate (12) has four sets of mounting bases (14) integrally welded at the four corners. Each set of mounting bases (14) includes two corresponding pulley plates with bolt holes in the middle. A pulley (15) is set between the two pulley plates of each set of mounting bases (14).

4. The testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (11) has bolt holes on the rear side corresponding to the position of the MTS actuator (5). The end of the MTS actuator (5) is fixed to the bolt holes on the rear side of the base plate (11) by bolts to fix the base plate (11) and the end of the MTS actuator (5). One end of the MTS actuator (5) is adapted and fixed to the bolt holes on the reaction wall facade by a base and a screw, and the other end is connected to an adjustable tilting clamping device (1) by bolts.

5. The testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-out-of-plane support arm (3) includes an out-of-plane support beam (31) and an out-of-plane sliding plate (32). One end of the out-of-plane support beam (31) and the limiting column (4) are respectively provided with bolt holes and bolts. The out-of-plane support beam (31) and the limiting column (4) are fixed together by bolts. The other end of the out-of-plane support beam (31) relative to the limiting column (4) has an elongated hole. The out-of-plane sliding plate (32) has bolt holes evenly opened at the height corresponding to the elongated hole at the end of the out-of-plane support beam (31). The out-of-plane sliding plate (32) and the out-of-plane support beam (31) are fixedly connected by bolts.

6. The testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure device (2) includes a U-shaped enclosure plate (21) and an end plate (23) on the outside of the U-shaped enclosure plate (21). The U-shaped enclosure plate (21) includes three side walls and is open on the remaining side. An end plate (23) is provided on the open side of the U-shaped enclosure plate (21). The end plate (23) is detachably connected to the U-shaped enclosure plate (21) by bolts. Reinforcing ribs (22) are welded to the U-shaped enclosure plate (21) and the end plate (23) respectively. A total of four reinforcing ribs (22) are welded, including two opposite reinforcing ribs (22) on the front side and two corresponding reinforcing ribs (22) on the rear side. Bolt holes are opened at the same height position of the reinforcing ribs (22). The pull rod (24) extends longitudinally and passes through the bolt holes of the corresponding reinforcing ribs (22). The heads of both sides of the pull rod (24) are provided with threads. The pull rod can be fixed by tightening the reinforcing ribs (22) with nuts.

7. A method for performance testing using the stress performance testing device for inclined columns and arch feet of horticultural facilities as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: 1) Place the loading end of the test piece between the front U-shaped clamp and the rear U-shaped clamp of the adjustable tilt clamping device. Tighten the front U-shaped clamp at the test angle by passing through the adjusting screw of the front clamp seat from the rear side. Cooperate with the rear U-shaped clamp to fasten and limit the loading end of the test piece. 2) The foundation of the test specimen is clamped and limited by the enclosure device, and the soil between the foundation of the test specimen and the enclosure device is filled to restore the actual service environment of the horticultural facility structure. 3) Turn on the MTS actuator switch and load control strategy to begin the force performance test; In step 1), the specific method for setting the loading end of the test piece (7) between the front U-shaped clamp (19) and the rear U-shaped clamp (17) of the adjustable tilt clamping device (1) is as follows: Separate the front clamp seat (18) and the rear clamp seat (16), and install the long bolt (112) in the bolt through hole of the front clamp seat (18). Then, place the loading end of the test piece (7) in the groove of the rear U-shaped clamp (17). After aligning the corresponding longitudinally extending threaded holes of the front clamp seat (18) and the rear clamp seat (16), rotate the long bolt (112) to assemble the front clamp seat (18) and the rear clamp seat (16), so that the loading end of the test piece (7) is limited between the front U-shaped clamp (19) and the rear U-shaped clamp (17).

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