A power system dispatching method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium based on thermal power carbon emission factor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device, terminal equipment and storage medium for dispatching a power system based on a thermal power carbon emission factor, and belongs to the field of power systems. The method comprises: obtaining operation data, cost data, node flow data and topological structure data of a power system to be dispatched; calculating a thermal power carbon emission factor according to the power data of thermal power units in the operation data; constructing a power system dispatching model and constraints corresponding to the model according to the thermal power carbon emission factor, operation data, cost data, node flow data and topological structure data; taking the minimum total operation cost of the system as the goal, solving the power system dispatching model under power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy and standby constraints to obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters; optimizing the dispatching of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters. By implementing the present invention, the problem of low dispatching accuracy in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a power system scheduling method, apparatus, terminal equipment and storage medium based on a thermal power carbon emission factor. Background Art

[0002] Renewable energy sources are developing rapidly due to their cleanliness and renewability, and their installed capacity is constantly increasing. However, renewable energy sources are characterized by volatility and intermittency. Large-scale grid integration makes grid operation and regulation more difficult, and the problem of power curtailment is becoming increasingly prominent. To address the power curtailment problem caused by large-scale grid integration of renewable energy, it is urgent to carry out real-time scheduling optimization of the grid system and simulate the optimal unit output strategy. However, when calculating carbon emissions from thermal power units, a fixed carbon emission factor is usually used to simulate the carbon emission process of thermal power generation. In fact, the carbon emission intensity of thermal power units varies significantly under different operating conditions. Therefore, the fixed carbon emission factor does not match the actual carbon emissions in the actual operation of thermal power generation. As a result, the existing scheduling strategy is significantly different from the actual optimal operation strategy of the grid system. This not only affects the realization of the low-carbonization goal of the grid system, but also reduces the accuracy of scheduling. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present invention provide a power system scheduling method, apparatus, terminal equipment and storage medium based on the carbon emission factor of thermal power, which can effectively solve the problem that the fixed carbon emission factor in the existing technology is inconsistent with the actual carbon emission situation in the actual operation of thermal power, which not only affects the realization of the low-carbonization goal of the power grid system, but also reduces the scheduling accuracy.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dispatching a power system based on a thermal power carbon emission factor, comprising:

[0005] Acquiring operation data, cost data, node flow data, and topology data of the power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes power data of thermal power units;

[0006] Calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the thermal power unit power data;

[0007] constructing a power system dispatch model based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, the node flow data, and the topology data;

[0008] Constructing power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints corresponding to the power system dispatch model based on the operating data, the node flow data, and the topology data;

[0009] With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the power system dispatch model is solved under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint to obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters;

[0010] The power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters.

[0011] Furthermore, the operating data includes: real-time unit output power, node wind power, node photovoltaic power, node total load, unit minimum output power, unit maximum output power, unit real-time power generation power, unit ramp-up rate, unit ramp-down rate, unit deep peak regulation lower limit, unit minimum shutdown time, unit minimum startup time, system power generation adequacy coefficient, load power demand, unit installed capacity, energy storage installed capacity, energy storage installed power, energy storage discharge power, energy storage charging power, energy storage charging efficiency, and node voltage;

[0012] The cost data include: unit maintenance cost per capacity, unit power generation cost coefficient, unit startup cost, unit shutdown cost, electrochemical energy storage unit power operation and maintenance cost, electrochemical energy storage unit capacity operation and maintenance cost, electrochemical energy storage unit discharge cost, investment and construction cost, unit carbon emission trading price, unit power curtailment cost, and unit power shortage cost;

[0013] The node flow data includes: the flow power flowing into the node and the branch reactance;

[0014] The topology data includes: number of nodes, node serial numbers, generator set serial numbers, and number of conventional generator sets;

[0015] The power balance constraint is:

[0016] ;

[0017] Where i and j represent the serial numbers of different nodes in the power system to be dispatched; N represents the number of nodes; represents the power flow from adjacent node j to node i; g represents the serial number of the conventional generator set; G represents the number of conventional generator sets; represents the real-time output power of the conventional generator set g corresponding to node i; represents the wind power of node i; represents the photovoltaic power of node i; represents the power shortage of node i; represents the abandoned power of node i; represents the external electrical power of node i; represents the total load of node i;

[0018] The power generation technical constraints include: conventional unit output upper and lower limit constraints, conventional unit ramp constraints, and conventional unit start and stop constraints;

[0019] The upper and lower limits of the conventional unit output are:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, Indicates conventional units In time Start and stop status; Indicates the minimum output power of conventional unit g; Indicates the maximum output power of conventional unit g; Indicates conventional units In time Real-time power generation; Represents a collection of conventional units;

[0022] The conventional unit climbing constraint is:

[0023] ;

[0024] ;

[0025] in, Indicates conventional units In time Real-time power generation; represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t-1; Indicates the ramp-up rate of conventional units; Indicates the ramp-down rate of conventional units; Indicates the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units; Indicates conventional units Start-stop state at time t-1;

[0026] The conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints are:

[0027] ;

[0028] ;

[0029] in, Indicates the minimum shutdown time of conventional unit g; Indicates the minimum startup time of conventional unit g; Indicates the current calculation time; Indicates the startup status of the thermal power unit at the current moment; Indicates that the thermal power unit is The unit startup status at time t; Indicates that the thermal power unit is The unit's power-on status at the moment;

[0030] The system power generation adequacy reserve constraint is:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, Indicates the credible capacity factor of the generator set; It represents the system power generation adequacy coefficient; It represents the power demand of important load z at time t; Z represents the set of important loads.

[0033] Furthermore, the power data of the thermal power unit includes: real-time power of the thermal power unit and assembled power of the thermal power unit;

[0034] Based on the power data of the thermal power units, the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated, including:

[0035] Calculating the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit according to the ratio of the real-time power of the thermal power unit to the installed power of the thermal power unit;

[0036] The thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated based on the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit.

[0037] Furthermore, the power system dispatching model is:

[0038] ;

[0039] in, Indicates the total operating cost of the system; Indicates the operation and maintenance costs of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the system; Represents the carbon emission cost generated during the operation of each conventional unit; Indicates the cost of power curtailment during system operation; Indicates the power shortage cost during system operation;

[0040] The operation and maintenance costs are calculated using the following formula:

[0041] ;

[0042] ;

[0043] ;

[0044] ;

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] in, Indicates the unit maintenance cost; represents the cost of raw materials; represents the start-stop cost; represents the operating cost of electrochemical energy storage; represents the operating cost of pumped storage; Indicates the maintenance cost per unit capacity of each unit; Indicates the installed capacity of the unit; Indicates conventional units The first generation cost coefficient; Indicates conventional units The second generation cost coefficient; Indicates conventional units The third power generation cost coefficient, the first power generation cost coefficient, the second power generation cost coefficient and the third power generation cost coefficient are not equal; It represents the startup cost of each startup of conventional units; It represents the downtime cost of each downtime of conventional units; Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit power of electrochemical energy storage; Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit capacity of electrochemical energy storage; represents the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage s; represents the installed power of electrochemical energy storage s; Represents the unit discharge cost of electrochemical energy storage; Indicates the discharge power of electrochemical energy storage; It represents the charging efficiency of electrochemical energy storage; E represents the electrochemical energy storage set; represents the investment and construction cost of pumped storage w; W represents the pumped storage set;

[0048] The carbon emission cost is calculated using the following formula:

[0049] ;

[0050] in, Indicates the transaction price corresponding to unit carbon emissions; Indicates the unit The carbon emission factor of thermal power units is , the carbon emission factors of the units other than the thermal power units are the preset static carbon emission factors;

[0051] The cost of abandoned electricity is calculated by the following formula:

[0052] ;

[0053] in, Indicates the cost corresponding to the unit amount of abandoned electricity; Indicates time node The abandoned power;

[0054] The power shortage cost is calculated using the following formula:

[0055] ;

[0056] in, Indicates the cost per unit of power shortage; Indicates time The power shortage of node i.

[0057] Furthermore, the unit state variable parameters include: unit startup state variables and unit startup power; the system power variable parameters include: system power abandonment power and system power shortage power;

[0058] Optimizing the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters, including:

[0059] Generate a unit dispatch instruction according to the unit startup state variable and the unit startup power, and send the unit dispatch instruction to the unit to update the unit state;

[0060] generating a system dispatching strategy according to the system abandoned power, the system power shortage power, and the updated unit status;

[0061] According to the system dispatching strategy, the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched.

[0062] Furthermore, the power flow of each node is calculated using the following formula:

[0063] ;

[0064] in, represents the sum of the power flows from other nodes to the current node i; Indicates the current node Node voltage; Represents the remaining nodes The node voltage; Represents the branch reactance between the current node i and the remaining nodes j.

[0065] As an improvement to the above solution, another embodiment of the present invention provides a power system dispatching device based on a thermal power carbon emission factor, comprising:

[0066] A system data acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data, cost data and node flow data of the power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes the power data of the thermal power units;

[0067] A thermal power carbon emission factor calculation module, configured to calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the power data of the thermal power unit;

[0068] a system dispatch model construction module, configured to construct a power system dispatch model based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, and the node flow data;

[0069] a system model constraint construction module, configured to construct power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints corresponding to the power system dispatch model based on the operating data and the node flow data;

[0070] a system dispatch model solving module, configured to solve the power system dispatch model under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, and obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters;

[0071] The system dispatching module is used to optimize the dispatching of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters.

[0072] Furthermore, the unit state variable parameters include: unit startup state variables and unit startup power; the system power variable parameters include: system power abandonment power and system power shortage power;

[0073] The system dispatching module is used to optimize the dispatching of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters, including:

[0074] Generate a unit dispatch instruction according to the unit startup state variable and the unit startup power, and send the unit dispatch instruction to the unit to update the unit state;

[0075] generating a system dispatching strategy according to the system abandoned power, the system power shortage power, and the updated unit status;

[0076] According to the system dispatching strategy, the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched.

[0077] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements a power system scheduling method based on thermal power carbon emission factors as described in the above embodiment.

[0078] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the power system scheduling method based on the thermal power carbon emission factor described in the above embodiment.

[0079] By implementing the present invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0080] The present invention provides a power system dispatching method, apparatus, terminal equipment and storage medium based on thermal power carbon emission factors, wherein the method can obtain operation data, cost data, node flow data and topological structure data of a power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes power data of thermal power units; the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated based on the power data of the thermal power units; a power system dispatching model is constructed based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, the node flow data and the topological structure data; the power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints corresponding to the power system dispatching model are constructed based on the operation data, the node flow data and the topological structure data; with the goal of minimizing the total operation cost of the system, the power system dispatching model is solved under the power balance constraints, the power generation technology constraints and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraints to obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters; and the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched based on the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters.

[0081] The carbon emission factor of thermal power is calculated in real time using the power data of thermal power units, and thermal power carbon emissions are incorporated into the power system dispatch model. This dynamically reflects the real-time impact of the actual operation of thermal power units on power system dispatch under different carbon emission conditions. Furthermore, a power system dispatch model is constructed based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, operating data, cost data, node flow data, and topology data, making the power dispatch model more consistent with the actual operation of the power system and more accurate in the obtained unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters. With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the power system dispatch model is solved under power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system generation reserve constraints. With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the thermal power carbon emission factor is combined with low carbon and safety considerations to achieve the low-carbonization goal. At the same time, the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched is optimized based on the solved unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters, thereby improving the dispatch accuracy. Therefore, by solving the unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched is optimized, achieving the low-carbonization goal of the power system while improving the accuracy of power system dispatch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for dispatching a power system based on a thermal power carbon emission factor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a power system dispatching device based on thermal power carbon emission factors provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0085] See also Figure 1 To address the problem in existing technologies where fixed carbon emission factors do not match the actual carbon emissions of thermal power plants, which not only affects the realization of the low-carbonization goal of the power grid system but also reduces scheduling accuracy, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flow chart of a power system scheduling method based on thermal power carbon emission factors, including:

[0086] S1. Acquire operation data, cost data, node flow data, and topology data of the power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes power data of thermal power units;

[0087] Specifically, the operating data includes: real-time unit output power, node wind power, node photovoltaic power, node total load, unit minimum output power, unit maximum output power, unit real-time power generation power, unit ramp-up rate, unit ramp-down rate, unit deep peak regulation lower limit, unit minimum shutdown time, unit minimum startup time, system power generation adequacy coefficient, load power demand, unit installed capacity, energy storage installed capacity, energy storage installed power, energy storage discharge power, energy storage charging power, energy storage charging efficiency, and node voltage;

[0088] The cost data include: unit maintenance cost per capacity, unit power generation cost coefficient, unit startup cost, unit shutdown cost, electrochemical energy storage unit power operation and maintenance cost, electrochemical energy storage unit capacity operation and maintenance cost, electrochemical energy storage unit discharge cost, investment and construction cost, unit carbon emission trading price, unit power curtailment cost, and unit power shortage cost;

[0089] The node flow data includes: the flow power flowing into the node and the branch reactance;

[0090] The topology data includes: the number of nodes, node serial numbers, generator set serial numbers, and the number of conventional generator sets.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operating data can reflect the real-time operating status of the system, among which the power data of thermal power units is crucial for the subsequent calculation of thermal power carbon emission factors; the cost data includes power generation costs, operation and maintenance costs, etc., which are used to evaluate the economic feasibility of the scheduling scheme; the node flow data reflects the flow of electricity at each node in the system; and the topology data describes the connection relationship between each component in the power system. Comprehensive and accurate data is the basis for building a precise scheduling model. By integrating these data, we can have a more comprehensive understanding of the operating status and characteristics of the power system, provide strong support for subsequent scheduling decisions, and avoid scheduling errors caused by missing or inaccurate data.

[0092] S2. Calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the thermal power unit power data;

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated based on thermal power unit power data and a carbon emission calculation formula. Different thermal power units have different carbon emission factors due to factors such as technology and fuel. Traditional scheduling methods may use a fixed carbon emission factor, which cannot accurately reflect the carbon emissions of thermal power units during actual operation. By calculating the thermal power carbon emission factor in real time, scheduling models can more accurately consider carbon emissions, helping to promote the development of a low-carbon power system.

[0094] Specifically, the thermal power unit power data includes: the real-time power of the thermal power unit and the installed power of the thermal power unit;

[0095] Based on the power data of the thermal power units, the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated, including:

[0096] Calculating the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit according to the ratio of the real-time power of the thermal power unit to the installed power of the thermal power unit;

[0097] The thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated based on the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, except for thermal power units, static power generation carbon emission factors are commonly used for various types of units. The dynamic carbon emission factor of thermal power peak shaving transformation decreases with the decrease of the operating load ratio of the thermal power unit. The larger the dynamic carbon emission factor is, when the thermal power operating output accounts for 100%, the carbon emission factor of the thermal power unit is the smallest. As the proportion of thermal power generation power gradually decreases, the coal combustion of the unit becomes more and more insufficient, and the thermal power carbon emission factor increases faster. When the peak shaving depth reaches the oil injection and combustion-supporting stage, the thermal power load ratio is close to the minimum output coefficient of the thermal power unit. At this time, the thermal power carbon emission factor far exceeds the conventional static carbon emission factor. The specific form of the thermal power carbon emission factor of thermal power peak shaving transformation is as follows:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] in, Indicates the thermal power carbon emission factor under different thermal power unit load ratios; It indicates the ratio of the actual operating power of the unit to the installed power, that is, the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit; 、 Represent thermal power units In time If a thermal power unit is operating at low load, the carbon emission factor of the unit will increase due to incomplete coal combustion.

[0102] S3. Constructing a power system dispatch model based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, the node flow data, and the topology data;

[0103] Specifically, the carbon emission factor for thermal power plants is combined with operational data, cost data, node flow data, and topological data to construct a power system dispatch model. This model comprehensively considers the power system's operating costs, carbon emissions, and physical characteristics to identify the optimal dispatch solution. Incorporating the carbon emission factor into the dispatch model allows dispatch decisions to take into account both economic considerations and the impact of carbon emissions. This can guide the power system to prioritize dispatching units with lower carbon emissions, reducing overall carbon emissions and complying with environmental protection requirements and sustainable development goals.

[0104] Specifically, the power system dispatch model is:

[0105] ;

[0106] in, Indicates the total operating cost of the system; Indicates the operation and maintenance costs of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the system; Represents the carbon emission cost generated during the operation of each conventional unit; Indicates the cost of power curtailment during system operation; Indicates the power shortage cost during system operation;

[0107] The operation and maintenance costs are calculated using the following formula:

[0108] ;

[0109] ;

[0110] ;

[0111] ;

[0112] ;

[0113] ;

[0114] in, Indicates the unit maintenance cost; represents the cost of raw materials; represents the start-stop cost; represents the operating cost of electrochemical energy storage; represents the operating cost of pumped storage; Indicates the maintenance cost per unit capacity of each unit; Indicates the installed capacity of the unit; Indicates conventional units The first generation cost coefficient; Indicates conventional units The second generation cost coefficient; Indicates conventional units The third power generation cost coefficient, the first power generation cost coefficient, the second power generation cost coefficient and the third power generation cost coefficient are not equal; It represents the startup cost of each startup of conventional units; It represents the downtime cost of each downtime of conventional units; Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit power of electrochemical energy storage; Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit capacity of electrochemical energy storage; represents the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage s; represents the installed power of electrochemical energy storage s; Represents the unit discharge cost of electrochemical energy storage; Indicates the discharge power of electrochemical energy storage; It represents the charging efficiency of electrochemical energy storage; E represents the electrochemical energy storage set; represents the investment and construction cost of pumped storage w; W represents the pumped storage set;

[0115] The carbon emission cost is calculated using the following formula:

[0116] ;

[0117] in, Indicates the transaction price corresponding to unit carbon emissions; Indicates the unit The carbon emission factor of thermal power units is , the carbon emission factors of the units other than the thermal power units are the preset static carbon emission factors;

[0118] The cost of abandoned electricity is calculated by the following formula:

[0119] ;

[0120] in, Indicates the cost corresponding to the unit amount of abandoned electricity; Indicates time node The abandoned power;

[0121] The power shortage cost is calculated using the following formula:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, Indicates the cost per unit of power shortage; Indicates time The power shortage of node i.

[0124] Preferably, minF represents the minimum total operating cost of the power system dispatch model, meaning the power system dispatch model is solved with the minimum total operating cost. Conventional units represent power generation equipment with mature technology, relatively traditional operation methods, and long-standing service as the primary power source for the power system. This contrasts with emerging new energy units (such as wind power and photovoltaic power). Conventional units include thermal power units, gas-fired power units, and waste-to-energy units. Indicates the start and stop status of the unit. Indicates that the unit is started. The annual operating cost of pumped storage is usually calculated as 2.5% of the initial investment and construction cost.

[0125] The carbon emission cost is mainly related to the power generation capacity, carbon emission factor and carbon trading cost of conventional units such as coal-fired power and gas-fired power in the system.

[0126] To ensure reliable power supply, the startup schedule for the system's thermal power units must be formulated based on the final solution. However, when renewable energy output accounts for a high proportion, thermal power units may have insufficient room to adjust their minimum output due to limitations on their minimum output. This can prevent some renewable energy generation from being connected to the grid, resulting in the loss and waste of clean electricity. Therefore, the curtailment cost is proposed to quantify the impact of this loss. The cost per unit of curtailed electricity in the curtailment cost is typically determined by the renewable energy on-grid electricity price.

[0127] Power outage costs primarily result from power outages caused by unexpected system failures that prevent users from meeting their basic electricity needs. The cost per unit of power outage is typically related to the GDP generated by a region's unit load.

[0128] S4. Constructing a power balance constraint, a power generation technology constraint, and a system power generation adequacy reserve constraint corresponding to the power system dispatch model based on the operation data, the node flow data, and the topology data;

[0129] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power balance constraint requires that the power generation power of the power system is equal to the sum of the load power and network losses to ensure the stability of the system frequency and guarantee the reliable supply of electricity. The power generation technical constraint takes into account the technical characteristics of the unit, such as the minimum and maximum power generation power of the unit, the ramp rate and other restrictions, to ensure that the unit operates within a safe and stable operating range. The system power generation adequacy reserve constraint reserves a certain amount of power generation reserve capacity to cope with possible unit failures or sudden load changes, thereby improving the reliability and anti-interference ability of the power system. The constraints ensure the feasibility and safety of the scheduling scheme. The power balance constraint ensures the real-time balance of power supply and demand; the power generation technical constraint protects the unit equipment and extends its service life; the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint enhances the reliability of the power system and reduces the risk of power outages.

[0130] Specifically, the power balance constraint is:

[0131] ;

[0132] Where i and j represent the serial numbers of different nodes in the power system to be dispatched; N represents the number of nodes; represents the power flow from adjacent node j to node i; g represents the serial number of the conventional generator set; G represents the number of conventional generator sets; represents the real-time output power of the conventional generator set g corresponding to node i; represents the wind power of node i; represents the photovoltaic power of node i; represents the power shortage of node i; represents the abandoned power of node i; represents the external electrical power of node i; represents the total load of node i;

[0133] The power generation technical constraints include: conventional unit output upper and lower limit constraints, conventional unit ramp constraints, and conventional unit start and stop constraints;

[0134] The upper and lower limits of the conventional unit output are:

[0135] ;

[0136] in, Indicates conventional units In time Start and stop status; Indicates the minimum output power of conventional unit g; Indicates the maximum output power of conventional unit g; Indicates conventional units In time Real-time power generation; Represents a collection of conventional units;

[0137] The conventional unit climbing constraint is:

[0138] ;

[0139] ;

[0140] in, Indicates conventional units In time Real-time power generation; represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t-1; Indicates the ramp-up rate of conventional units; Indicates the ramp-down rate of conventional units; Indicates the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units; Indicates conventional units Start-stop state at time t-1;

[0141] The conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints are:

[0142] ;

[0143] ;

[0144] in, Indicates the minimum shutdown time of conventional unit g; Indicates the minimum startup time of conventional unit g; Indicates the current calculation time; Indicates the startup status of the thermal power unit at the current moment; Indicates that the thermal power unit is The unit startup status at time t; Indicates that the thermal power unit is The unit's power-on status at the moment;

[0145] The system power generation adequacy reserve constraint is:

[0146] ;

[0147] in, Indicates the credible capacity factor of the generator set; It represents the system power generation adequacy coefficient; It represents the power demand of important load z at time t; Z represents the set of important loads.

[0148] Preferably, in the power system, electric energy cannot be stored on a large scale and must be “generated and used immediately”. The total generating power of each unit and the load power consumption should be kept equal in real time. Power balance is the basis for the stable operation of the power system.

[0149] Specifically, the power balance constraint includes multi-node power flow transmission, and the power flow power of each node is calculated using the following formula:

[0150] ;

[0151] in, represents the sum of the power flows from other nodes to the current node i; Indicates the current node Node voltage; Represents the remaining nodes The node voltage; Represents the branch reactance between the current node i and the remaining nodes j.

[0152] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, since the error between the DC power flow in the actual power grid and the accurate AC power flow is small, this embodiment simplifies the DC power flow calculation process: the voltage of each node of the power system in normal operation is usually near the rated voltage, which can be approximately considered ; The voltage phase angle difference at both ends of the line is very small, and it can be approximately considered ,therefore ; In UHV networks, line resistance is much smaller than reactance, so resistance is usually ignored. The simplified branch power flow is as follows:

[0153] ;

[0154] in , is the branch reactance. Based on Kirchhoff's law, the branch DC power flow can be obtained:

[0155] .

[0156] Specifically, power generation technical constraints include: upper and lower output limits of conventional units, ramp constraints of conventional units, and start and shutdown constraints of conventional units. Indicates conventional units In time The start-stop state, =1 means the unit is on, =0 means the unit is shut down.

[0157] Specifically, power system adequacy refers to the ability of its generation, transmission, and supply capabilities to meet user needs, taking into account factors such as equipment outages or insufficient output. It characterizes the system's steady-state performance. In traditional power generation planning, a certain percentage above the annual peak load is typically used as a planning target. However, the volatility and randomness of renewable energy output prevents it from possessing the strong controllability of traditional thermal power plants, resulting in significant differences in generation adequacy compared to conventional thermal power plants. Traditional power system planning often ignores or simplifies the capacity value of renewable energy, leading to underinvestment or overinvestment in scenarios with high renewable energy penetration. Therefore, a capacity credit (in percent) has been proposed. This represents the proportion of wind and photovoltaic capacity that can be considered conventional under the assumption of equal reliability, relative to the total capacity of wind and solar power plants. This allows for the comparison of uncontrollable, volatile, and random power generation technologies with conventional capacity on an equal footing. The power generation adequacy coefficient of the system takes into account the possible failure or maintenance of the generator sets in the system. The actual planned power generation capacity should exceed the system peak load by a certain proportion.

[0158] S5. With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint, solving the power system dispatch model to obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters;

[0159] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, minimizing total system operating cost is the objective function. A suitable optimization algorithm is used to solve the power system scheduling model within the constraints of power balance, power generation technology, and system power generation adequacy and reserve. The solution yields unit state variable parameters (such as unit startup status and startup power) and system power variable parameters (such as system curtailed power and system power shortage). This optimization solution finds a scheduling solution that minimizes total system operating cost while satisfying various constraints. This helps improve the economic efficiency of the power system, rationally allocate power generation resources, and reduce power generation costs.

[0160] S6. Optimize and dispatch the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters.

[0161] Specifically, the unit state variable parameters include: unit startup state variables and unit startup power; the system power variable parameters include: system power abandonment power and system power shortage power;

[0162] Optimizing the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters, including:

[0163] Generate a unit dispatch instruction according to the unit startup state variable and the unit startup power, and send the unit dispatch instruction to the unit to update the unit state;

[0164] generating a system dispatching strategy according to the system abandoned power, the system power shortage power, and the updated unit status;

[0165] According to the system dispatching strategy, the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched.

[0166] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the unit startup status variable is a discrete variable, typically represented in binary (e.g., 0 for shutdown, 1 for startup). It clearly defines the operating status of each unit at a specific moment and is key information for determining whether the unit is participating in power generation. Unit startup power represents the actual active power output of the unit when it is in the startup state. It reflects the actual output of the unit during the power generation process and is an important indicator of the unit's power generation capacity. System curtailment power refers to the amount of renewable energy (such as wind and solar energy) generated in a power system when it exceeds the system's absorption capacity. To ensure safe and stable operation, some renewable energy generation must be abandoned. This abandoned power is called system curtailment power. System shortfall power refers to the power shortage that occurs when the system's generated power is less than the load demand. In this case, the system shortfall power is the difference between the load demand and the actual generated power.

[0167] Unit dispatch instructions are generated based on the unit startup state variables and the unit startup power. If the unit startup state variable indicates that a unit should be started and its startup power is determined, a specific dispatch instruction can be generated. For units with the startup state variable set to "on," the instruction explicitly requires them to operate at the specified startup power; for units with the startup state variable set to "off," the instruction requires them to remain off. When a unit receives and executes the dispatch instruction, its actual operating state changes, thereby updating its status. The system dispatch strategy is generated by comprehensively considering system curtailment power, system power shortage power, and the updated unit status. When system curtailment occurs: If the system experiences curtailment, the dispatch strategy may include increasing the charging power of energy storage devices to store excess energy or notifying renewable energy power generation companies to reduce generation to minimize curtailment. When system power shortage occurs: When the system experiences a power shortage, the dispatch strategy may prioritize the activation of backup units to increase generation power. Alternatively, demand-side response may be used to guide users to reduce their electricity load, thereby alleviating the pressure of power shortages. When formulating strategies, the updated status of the units also needs to be considered. For example, if some units are already operating at full capacity and cannot increase their power generation, it will be necessary to find other adjustable units or take other measures to meet the system's power needs. In order to absorb large amounts of clean energy, new power systems need to optimize the scheduling strategies for the time-series operation simulations of each unit in the system. The optimal scheduling strategy for the system should take into account the economic efficiency of the system operation while considering the system's low carbon nature and high clean energy absorption rate. Therefore, by implementing optimized scheduling strategies, the goal is to make the power system achieve a more economical, safe, and reliable operating state. For example, it can reduce system power curtailment and power shortages, improve energy utilization efficiency, and reduce power generation costs.

[0168] By implementing this embodiment, the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated in real time through the power data of the thermal power units, and the thermal power carbon emissions are incorporated into the power system dispatching model, which dynamically reflects the real-time impact of the actual operation of the thermal power units on the power system dispatch under different carbon emission conditions; and based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, operation data, cost data, node flow data and topology structure data, a power system dispatching model is constructed, so that the power dispatching model is more in line with the actual operation of the power system, and the solved unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters are more accurate; with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the power system dispatching model is solved under the power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints and system power generation adequacy and backup constraints, with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, combined with the thermal power carbon emission factor, considering low carbon and safety, to achieve the low-carbon goal, and at the same time, according to the solved unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters, the dispatched power system is optimized, thereby increasing the accuracy of the dispatch. Therefore, based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters are obtained, and the power system to be dispatched is optimized, which improves the accuracy of power system dispatch while achieving the low-carbonization goal of the power system.

[0169] See also Figure 2 , is a schematic structural diagram of a power system dispatching device based on a thermal power carbon emission factor provided by one embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0170] A system data acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data, cost data and node flow data of the power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes the power data of the thermal power units;

[0171] A thermal power carbon emission factor calculation module, configured to calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the power data of the thermal power unit;

[0172] a system dispatch model construction module, configured to construct a power system dispatch model based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, and the node flow data;

[0173] a system model constraint construction module, configured to construct power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints corresponding to the power system dispatch model based on the operating data and the node flow data;

[0174] a system dispatch model solving module, configured to solve the power system dispatch model under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, and obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters;

[0175] The system dispatching module is used to optimize the dispatching of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters.

[0176] The present invention provides a power system dispatching device based on a thermal power carbon emission factor, which obtains operating data, cost data and node flow data of a power system to be dispatched according to a system data acquisition module; wherein the operating data includes power data of thermal power units; in a thermal power carbon emission factor calculation module, the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated according to the power data of the thermal power units; in a system dispatching model construction module, a power system dispatching model is constructed according to the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operating data, the cost data and the node flow data; in a system model constraint construction module, the power balance constraint, power generation technology constraint and system power generation adequacy reserve constraint corresponding to the power system dispatching model are constructed according to the operating data and the node flow data; through a system dispatching model solving module, with the minimum total system operating cost as the goal, the power system dispatching model is solved under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint to obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters; finally, according to the system dispatching module, the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters.

[0177] The carbon emission factor of thermal power is calculated in real time using the power data of thermal power units, and thermal power carbon emissions are incorporated into the power system dispatch model. This dynamically reflects the real-time impact of the actual operation of thermal power units on power system dispatch under different carbon emission conditions. Furthermore, a power system dispatch model is constructed based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, operating data, cost data, node flow data, and topology data, making the power dispatch model more consistent with the actual operation of the power system and more accurate in the obtained unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters. With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the power system dispatch model is solved under power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system generation reserve constraints. With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the thermal power carbon emission factor is combined with low carbon and safety considerations to achieve the low-carbonization goal. At the same time, the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched is optimized based on the solved unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters, improving the dispatch accuracy. Therefore, by solving the unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched is optimized, achieving the low-carbonization goal of the power system while improving the accuracy of the power system dispatch.

[0178] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0179] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0180] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal device comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the power system scheduling method based on the thermal power carbon emission factor described in the above embodiment. The terminal device can be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, or a cloud server. The terminal device can include, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory.

[0181] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The processor is the control center of the terminal device, connecting various parts of the entire terminal device using various interfaces and lines.

[0182] The memory can be used to store the computer program. The processor implements the various functions of the terminal device by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory and accessing the data stored in the memory. The memory may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store an operating system, at least one application required for a function, and the data storage area may store data generated based on the use of the mobile phone. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, internal memory, a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0183] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the power system scheduling method based on the thermal power carbon emission factor described in the above embodiment.

[0184] The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of each of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in source code form, object code form, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium.

[0185] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power system dispatching method based on thermal power carbon emission factor, characterized in that: include: Acquiring operation data, cost data, node flow data, and topology data of the power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes power data of thermal power units; Calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the thermal power unit power data; constructing a power system dispatch model based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, the node flow data, and the topology data; Constructing power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints corresponding to the power system dispatch model based on the operating data, the node flow data, and the topology data; With the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, the power system dispatch model is solved under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint to obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters; Optimizing the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters; The power data of the thermal power unit includes: the real-time power of the thermal power unit and the installed power of the thermal power unit; Based on the power data of the thermal power units, the thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated, including: Calculating the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit according to the ratio of the real-time power of the thermal power unit to the installed power of the thermal power unit; The thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated based on the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit.

2. The method for dispatching a power system based on a thermal power carbon emission factor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating data includes: real-time unit output power, node wind power, node photovoltaic power, node total load, unit minimum output power, unit maximum output power, unit real-time power generation power, unit ramp-up rate, unit ramp-down rate, unit deep peak regulation lower limit, unit minimum shutdown time, unit minimum startup time, system power generation adequacy coefficient, load power demand, unit installed capacity, energy storage installed capacity, energy storage installed power, energy storage discharge power, energy storage charging power, energy storage charging efficiency, and node voltage; The cost data include: unit maintenance cost per capacity, unit power generation cost coefficient, unit startup cost, unit shutdown cost, electrochemical energy storage unit power operation and maintenance cost, electrochemical energy storage unit capacity operation and maintenance cost, electrochemical energy storage unit discharge cost, investment and construction cost, unit carbon emission trading price, unit power curtailment cost, and unit power shortage cost; The node flow data includes: the flow power flowing into the node and the branch reactance; The topology data includes: number of nodes, node serial numbers, generator set serial numbers, and number of conventional generator sets; The power balance constraint is: ； Where i and j represent the serial numbers of different nodes in the power system to be dispatched; N represents the number of nodes; represents the power flow from adjacent node j to node i; g represents the serial number of the conventional generator set; G represents the number of conventional generator sets; represents the real-time output power of the conventional generator set g corresponding to node i; represents the wind power of node i; represents the photovoltaic power of node i; represents the power shortage of node i; represents the abandoned power of node i; represents the external electrical power of node i; represents the total load of node i; The power generation technical constraints include: conventional unit output upper and lower limit constraints, conventional unit ramp constraints, and conventional unit start and stop constraints; The upper and lower limits of the conventional unit output are: ； in, Indicates conventional units In time Start and stop status; Indicates the minimum output power of conventional unit g; Indicates the maximum output power of conventional unit g; Indicates conventional units In time Real-time power generation; Represents a collection of conventional units; The conventional unit climbing constraint is: ； ； in, Indicates conventional units In time Real-time power generation; represents the real-time power generation of conventional unit g at time t-1; Indicates the ramp-up rate of conventional units; Indicates the ramp-down rate of conventional units; Indicates the lower limit of deep peak regulation of thermal power units; Indicates conventional units Start-stop state at time t-1; The conventional unit start-up and shutdown constraints are: ； ； in, Indicates the minimum shutdown time of conventional unit g; Indicates the minimum startup time of conventional unit g; Indicates the current calculation time; Indicates the startup status of the thermal power unit at the current moment; Indicates that the thermal power unit is The unit startup status at time t; Indicates that the thermal power unit is The unit's power-on status at the moment; The system power generation adequacy reserve constraint is: ； in, Indicates the credible capacity factor of the generator set; It represents the system power generation adequacy coefficient; It represents the power demand of important load z at time t; Z represents the set of important loads.

3. The method for dispatching a power system based on a thermal power carbon emission factor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power system dispatch model is: ； in, Indicates the total operating cost of the system; Indicates the operation and maintenance costs of each generator set and energy storage equipment in the system; Represents the carbon emission cost generated during the operation of each conventional unit; Indicates the cost of power curtailment during system operation; Indicates the power shortage cost during system operation; The operation and maintenance costs are calculated using the following formula: ； ； ； ； ； ； in, Indicates the unit maintenance cost; represents the cost of raw materials; represents the start-stop cost; represents the operating cost of electrochemical energy storage; represents the pumped storage operating cost; Indicates the maintenance cost per unit capacity of each unit; Indicates the installed capacity of the unit; Indicates conventional units The first generation cost coefficient; Indicates conventional units The second generation cost coefficient; Indicates conventional units The third power generation cost coefficient, the first power generation cost coefficient, the second power generation cost coefficient and the third power generation cost coefficient are not equal; It represents the startup cost of each startup of conventional units; It represents the downtime cost of each downtime of conventional units; Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit power of electrochemical energy storage; Indicates the operation and maintenance cost corresponding to the unit capacity of electrochemical energy storage; represents the installed capacity of electrochemical energy storage s; represents the installed power of electrochemical energy storage s; Represents the unit discharge cost of electrochemical energy storage; Indicates the discharge power of electrochemical energy storage; It represents the charging efficiency of electrochemical energy storage; E represents the electrochemical energy storage set; represents the investment and construction cost of pumped storage w; W represents the pumped storage set; The carbon emission cost is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates the transaction price corresponding to unit carbon emissions; Indicates the unit The carbon emission factor of thermal power units is , the carbon emission factors of the units other than the thermal power units are the preset static carbon emission factors; The cost of abandoned electricity is calculated by the following formula: ； in, Indicates the cost corresponding to the unit amount of abandoned electricity; Indicates time node The abandoned power The power shortage cost is calculated using the following formula: ； in, Indicates the cost per unit of power shortage; Indicates time The power shortage of node i.

4. The method for dispatching a power system based on a thermal power carbon emission factor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unit state variable parameters include: unit startup state variables and unit startup power; the system power variable parameters include: system power abandonment power and system power shortage power; Optimizing the dispatch of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters, including: Generate a unit dispatch instruction according to the unit startup state variable and the unit startup power, and send the unit dispatch instruction to the unit to update the unit state; generating a system dispatching strategy according to the system abandoned power, the system power shortage power, and the updated unit status; According to the system dispatching strategy, the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched.

5. A power system dispatching device based on thermal power carbon emission factor, characterized in that: include: A system data acquisition module is used to acquire the operation data, cost data and node flow data of the power system to be dispatched; wherein the operation data includes the power data of the thermal power units; A thermal power carbon emission factor calculation module, configured to calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the power data of the thermal power unit; a system dispatch model construction module, configured to construct a power system dispatch model based on the thermal power carbon emission factor, the operation data, the cost data, and the node flow data; a system model constraint construction module, configured to construct power balance constraints, power generation technology constraints, and system power generation adequacy reserve constraints corresponding to the power system dispatch model based on the operating data and the node flow data; a system dispatch model solving module, configured to solve the power system dispatch model under the power balance constraint, the power generation technology constraint, and the system power generation adequacy reserve constraint with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost, and obtain unit state variable parameters and system power variable parameters; A system dispatching module, configured to optimize the dispatching of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters; The power data of the thermal power unit includes: the real-time power of the thermal power unit and the installed power of the thermal power unit; The thermal power carbon emission factor calculation module is used to calculate the thermal power carbon emission factor based on the power data of the thermal power unit, including: Calculating the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit according to the ratio of the real-time power of the thermal power unit to the installed power of the thermal power unit; The thermal power carbon emission factor is calculated based on the actual operating power ratio of the thermal power unit.

6. The power system dispatching device based on thermal power carbon emission factor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unit state variable parameters include: unit startup state variables and unit startup power; the system power variable parameters include: system power abandonment power and system power shortage power; The system dispatching module is used to optimize the dispatching of the power system to be dispatched according to the unit state variable parameters and the system power variable parameters, including: Generate a unit dispatch instruction according to the unit startup state variable and the unit startup power, and send the unit dispatch instruction to the unit to update the unit state; generating a system dispatching strategy according to the system abandoned power, the system power shortage power, and the updated unit status; According to the system dispatching strategy, the power system to be dispatched is optimized and dispatched.

7. A terminal device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements a power system dispatching method based on the thermal power carbon emission factor as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute a power system scheduling method based on thermal power carbon emission factors as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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