Multi-pulse safe charging control system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a multi-pulse safety charging control system, and relates to the technical field of batteries. The device comprises a control end and an execution end, wherein the control end comprises a controller and a pulse limiting loop; the execution end comprises a charging power supply, a battery cell and a switching element, and the switching element is a solid-state relay or an MOS tube; two ends of the battery cell are respectively connected with the charging power supply through a switching element; the input end of the switching element is connected with the interface of the controller, the two ends of the battery cell are connected with the interface of the controller, and the controller is used for monitoring the voltage, current and temperature of the two ends of the battery cell, controlling the conduction state of the switching element based on the voltage, current and temperature, and controlling the charging process of the battery cell. The method provided by the invention effectively solves the problem that a charging active equalization control method in the prior art cannot solve the problem that components are easy to damage when a plurality of battery cells are connected into a charging loop at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a multi-pulse safety charging control system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicle technology, a battery management system (BMS) is used to control the charging process of the battery cells in the vehicle to ensure efficiency and safety. To monitor and adapt the charging progress and charging status of each cell during the charging process, an analog front end (AFE) and MOS transistor control elements are combined to actively balance the charging process.

[0003] In the existing technology, the active balancing control process is mainly aimed at controlling the charging of a single battery cell. When multiple battery cells are connected to the charging circuit at the same time, the instantaneous current generated by the multiple battery cells can easily impact the charging power supply and components in the circuit, causing damage to the components, affecting the effectiveness of the control of the battery cell charging process and thus affecting the overall safety of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a multi-pulse safe charging control system to solve the problem that the active charging balancing control method in the related art cannot solve the problem that components are easily damaged when multiple battery cells are connected to the charging circuit at the same time.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a multi-pulse safe charging control system, comprising:

[0006] Control side and execution side,

[0007] The control end includes a controller and a pulse limiting circuit;

[0008] The execution end includes a charging power supply, a battery cell, and a switching element. The switching element is a solid-state relay or a MOS tube.

[0009] Both ends of the battery cell are connected to the charging power source through a switching element;

[0010] The input end of the switching element is connected to the interface of the controller, and the two ends of the battery cell are connected to the interface of the controller. The controller is used to monitor the voltage, current and temperature at both ends of the battery cell, and control the conduction state of the switching element based on the voltage, current and temperature to control the charging process of the battery cell;

[0011] The pulse limiting loop is connected to the interface of the controller at the control end and the input end of the switching element at the execution end respectively. The pulse limiting loop is used to switch all switching elements to a non-conducting state when the interface of the controller outputs multiple pulse signals.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pulse limiting circuit includes a transistor, the emitter of the transistor is grounded, the base is connected to the controller output end of the control end, and the collector is connected to the switching element input end of the execution end. The pulse limiting circuit is used to ground all the switching element input ends connected to the transistor when the base is at a high level, and the switching element is in a non-conducting state when the input end is grounded.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pulse limiting circuit includes an operational amplifier, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the base of the transistor, the positive input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the output end of the controller, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the comparison power supply of the set voltage. The operational amplifier is used to output a high level to the base of the transistor when there are multiple pulse signals at the output end of the controller, or to output a low level to the base of the transistor when there is at most one pulse signal at the output end of the controller.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the positive input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier are connected in series via a resistor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier and the base of the transistor are connected via a resistor and a diode respectively, the resistor and the diode are connected in parallel, the positive electrode of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the negative electrode of the diode is connected to the base of the transistor; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded via a resistor.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a diode is connected in series between the output terminal of the controller and the input terminal of the operational amplifier, and a diode is connected in series between the input terminal of the switching element of the execution end and the collector of the transistor.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the execution end also includes a bus and a polarity switching circuit; the bus includes a first bus and a second bus, and the polarity switching circuit includes a first switching element group and a second switching element group; the positive pole of the charging power supply is connected to the first bus through the first switching element group, and the negative pole of the charging power supply is connected to the second bus through the first switching element group; the positive pole of the charging power supply is connected to the second bus through the second switching element group, and the negative pole of the charging power supply is connected to the first bus through the second switching element group, and the polarity switching circuit is used to switch the polarity of the charging power supply connected to the bus; there are at least three battery cells, and adjacent battery cells are connected in series with each other, and both ends of each battery cell are connected to the bus through a switching element respectively, and the output ends of two adjacent switching elements are connected to different buses respectively, and adjacent electrodes of adjacent battery cells are connected to the output end of the same switching element; one end of the input end of the switching element is grounded, and the other end is connected to the interface and control end of the controller respectively.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first switching element group includes a first switching element and a second switching element. An output end of the first switching element is connected to a first bus and a positive electrode of a charging power supply, respectively. An output end of the second switching element is connected to a second bus and a negative electrode of the charging power supply, respectively. A second switching element group includes a third switching element and a fourth switching element. An output end of the third switching element is connected to the second bus and a positive electrode of the charging power supply, respectively. An output end of the fourth switching element is connected to the first bus and a negative electrode of the charging power supply, respectively. An input end of the first switching element is connected to a power supply at one end and connected in series with an input end of the second switching element at the other end. Another input end of the second switching element is connected to a pulse limiting circuit and a transistor at an execution end, respectively. An input end of the third switching element is connected to a power supply at one end and connected in series with an input end of a fourth switching element at the other end. Another input end of the fourth switching element is connected to a controller and a transistor at another execution end, respectively. The transistor at the execution end has an emitter connected to ground, a base connected to the input end of the second switching element, and a collector connected to the input end of an optocoupler at the execution end. An output end of the optocoupler at the execution end is connected to the power supply at one end and connected to the output end of the optocoupler at the control end at the other end.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the control end includes a control end optocoupler, the interface of the controller is connected to the input end of the control end optocoupler, one end of the output end of the control end optocoupler is connected to the output end of the execution end optocoupler, and the other end is connected to the pulse limiting circuit, and the end connected to the pulse limiting circuit is also connected to the input end of the switching element of the execution end through an OR gate.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the output end of the OR gate is connected to the input end of the switching element of the execution end, and the OR gate includes a first type of OR gate and a second type of OR gate. The switching element corresponding to the first type of OR gate is connected to the positive pole of a battery cell and is not connected to the negative pole of other battery cells. The switching elements corresponding to the second type of OR gate are respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of two adjacent battery cells; the input end of the first type of OR gate is respectively connected to the ground point and the output end of the control end optocoupler, and the input end of the second type of OR gate is respectively connected to the output end of two adjacent control end optocouplers; one input end of adjacent OR gates is respectively connected to the output end of the same control end optocoupler; the input end of the control end optocoupler is respectively connected to two different interfaces of the controller, and each interface of the controller is respectively connected to an electrode of the battery cell.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a transistor at the control end is arranged between the interface of the controller corresponding to the positive pole of the same battery cell and the interface of the controller corresponding to the negative pole of the battery cell, the collector of the transistor at the control end is connected to the optocoupler input end of the control end, the other end of the optocoupler input end of the control end is connected to the interface of the controller corresponding to the positive pole of the battery cell, the base of the transistor at the control end is connected to the interface of the controller, the emitter of the transistor at the control end is connected to the interface of the controller corresponding to the negative pole of the battery cell, and the interface of the controller connected to the base of the transistor at the control end is adjacent to the interface of the controller corresponding to the positive and negative poles of the battery cell respectively; a resistor, a capacitor and a diode are connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the transistor at the control end, the positive pole of the diode is connected to the emitter of the transistor at the control end, and the negative pole of the diode is connected to the base of the transistor at the control end.

[0021] The multi-pulse safety charging control system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure sets a controller to control the working state of the switching element corresponding to the battery cell, and detects the changes in data such as voltage and current at both ends of the battery cell, thereby realizing active control of whether the battery cell is involved in the charging power supply, and further completing active balanced control of the battery cell charging process. At the same time, when multiple battery cells are connected to the charging circuit at the same time, each switching element is switched to a non-conducting state through a pulse limiting circuit to avoid the pulse current from impacting each component in each system, thereby ensuring the overall safety of the multi-pulse safety charging control system and further ensuring the service life of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0023] Figure 1 A diagram of an application scenario of the multi-pulse safety charging control system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-pulse safety charging control system provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the pulse limiting circuit structure of a multi-pulse safety charging control system provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control end structure of a multi-pulse safety charging control system provided in yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Among them, 100, battery management module, 111, control module, 120, connected optical coupler;

[0028] 200. Multi-pulse safety charging control system;

[0029] 210, control end, 211, controller, 212, interface, 213, power supply, 220, pulse limiting circuit, 221, operational amplifier, 230, control end optocoupler, 240, OR gate, 241, first type OR gate, 242, second type OR gate;

[0030] 300, execution end, 310, charging power supply, 320, battery cell, 321, switching element, 330, bus, 331, first bus, 332, second bus, 340, polarity switching circuit, 341, first switching element group, 342, second switching element group, 343, first switching element, 344, second switching element, 345, third switching element, 346, fourth switching element, 347, execution end optocoupler.

[0031] The above drawings illustrate specific embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and the textual description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the present application to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0033] In the field of new energy vehicle technology, a battery management system (BMS) is used to control the charging process of the battery cells in the vehicle to ensure efficiency and safety. To monitor and adapt the charging progress and charging status of each cell during the charging process, an analog front end (AFE) and MOS transistor control elements are combined to actively balance the charging process.

[0034] In the existing technology, the active balancing control process is mainly aimed at controlling the charging of a single battery cell. Whether a single battery cell or multiple battery cells are connected to the charging circuit at the same time, the existing strategy will not take additional measures. However, when multiple battery cells are connected to the circuit at the same time, the instantaneous current generated can easily impact the charging power supply and components in the circuit, causing damage to the components, affecting the effectiveness of the control of the battery cell charging process and thus affecting the overall safety of the system. However, the existing technology lacks a strategy to deal with this situation.

[0035] The multi-pulse safe charging control system provided in the present application, by setting a control end and an execution end, combines the controller of the control end and the pulse limiting circuit, and controls the charging process of the battery cell of the execution end, while avoiding multiple battery cells from being connected to the charging circuit at the same time, preventing current shock, thereby protecting the safety of the system and ensuring the accuracy of the control of the battery cell charging process.

[0036] Figure 1 The application scenario diagram of the multi-pulse safe charging control system provided in this application is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, in the multi-pulse safety charging control system process of the prior art, in the battery management module 100, the control module 110 controls the state of the connected optocoupler 120, thereby controlling when the battery cell U0 to be charged is charged and when it stops charging. When there are multiple battery cells to be charged, the active balancing control process is achieved by controlling the charging state of each battery cell.

[0037] It should be noted that Figure 1 The scenario shown includes a battery management module, a control module, an interconnected optocoupler, and battery cells to be charged, and only one or a specific number of them are used as examples for illustration, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. That is, the number of battery management modules, control modules, interconnected optocouplers, and battery cells to be charged can be arbitrary.

[0038] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the multi-pulse safety charging control system provided in this application is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the device includes:

[0040] The control terminal 210 and the execution terminal 300,

[0041] The control end 210 includes a controller 211 and a pulse limiting circuit 220;

[0042] The execution end 300 includes a charging power supply 310, a battery cell 320, and a switching element 321. The switching element 321 is a solid-state relay or a MOS tube.

[0043] Both ends of the battery cell 320 are connected to the charging power source 310 via a switching element 321;

[0044] The input end of the switching element 321 is connected to the interface 212 of the controller 211, and both ends of the battery cell 320 are connected to the interface 212 of the controller 211. The controller 211 is used to monitor the voltage, current and temperature at both ends of the battery cell 320, and control the conduction state of the switching element 321 based on the voltage, current and temperature to control the charging process of the battery cell 320;

[0045] The pulse limiting circuit 220 is connected to the interface 212 of the controller 211 of the control end 210 and the input end of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300 respectively. The pulse limiting circuit 220 is used to switch all the switching elements 321 to a non-conducting state when the interface 212 of the controller 211 outputs multiple pulse signals.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 2 It is mainly for the display of the execution end. Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the pulse limiting circuit. Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the control end, therefore, Figure 2 The middle execution end is to show the specific connection relationship between the controller 211 and the battery cell 320 and the switching element 321, wherein some of the related connection relationships are shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 There are also corresponding parts in, for example, combined with Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , RAT1 in Figure 2 One end is connected to the positive terminal of U1, and the other end is connected to the positive terminal of U1. Figure 4 In the embodiment, the interface 212 of the controller 211 indicated by the reference numeral S1 is connected; for example, CTR1 is connected to the interface 212 of the controller 211 indicated by the reference numeral S1; Figure 2 The middle point is the input end of the switching element 321. Figure 3 In the figure, it is connected to the diode structure on the left. Figure 4 The components and connections represented by letters in the drawings are similar. For example, VOE1 is connected to the output terminal of the first type OR gate 231. Figure 2 and Figure 4 The corresponding connection points are the same. The connection relationship of the related structures can refer to the above examples, and only part of the structures are marked in the accompanying drawings and the above examples. In actual applications, the number of each structure is not limited by the number in the accompanying drawings. For example, only U1 to U5 are drawn for the battery cells, but there can actually be more, such as U10 and U16. The same is true for the related connection points. For example, the number of RATs can continue to extend with the number of battery cells. For those skilled in the art, the relevant principles can be understood and copied without creative work, and will not be repeated here.

[0047] The following further describes this solution in combination with the above description.

[0048] In this solution, the control end 210 is a part used to achieve active balancing control by outputting a control signal during the charging process of the battery cell 320. The controller 211 can be a control unit (BCU, full name Battery Control Unit) in a battery management system (BMS, full name Battery Management System), or a separately set micro control unit (MCU), or a combination of an analog front end (AFE, full name Analog Front End) and a control unit. The analog front end is usually used to monitor the voltage of the battery cell 320 and transmit the monitoring results to the control unit, so that the control unit generates a control instruction based on the processing of the monitoring results (that is, by sending electrical signals of different levels to the switching element 321 to control the conduction state of the switching element 321, and then connecting or disconnecting the battery cell 320 from the circuit where the charging power supply 310 is located), thereby achieving the effect of active balancing control.

[0049] The pulse limiting circuit 220 is used to receive the control signal output by the control terminal 210 for judgment. When it is found that multiple control signals are output at the same time, the switching element 321 of the execution terminal 300 connected to it is switched to a low level, so that it is in a non-conducting state to avoid multiple battery cells 320 being connected to the charging circuit at the same time, causing damage to components.

[0050] The pulse limiting circuit 220 can use a voltage comparison circuit or a transistor (the solution implemented by a transistor will be described in subsequent embodiments). For example, if the instantaneous voltage generated by multiple control signals is greater than the set comparison voltage, the input end of the switching element 321 is grounded, thereby realizing the pulse limiting function and improving system safety.

[0051] In addition to the pulse limiting circuit 220, the control end is usually also provided with a control end optocoupler 230 to transmit control instructions between the control end 210 and the execution end 300, and realize electrical isolation of the signal, ensuring that the control signal is not subject to external interference during the transmission process, while avoiding the influence of the excessively high voltage value of the execution end 300 on the controller 211, further improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0052] The execution terminal 300 controls whether the battery cells 320 are connected to the corresponding circuit of the charging power source 310 according to the control instructions sent by the control terminal 210. There are at least three battery cells 320, and adjacent battery cells 320 are connected in series. This series structure helps to increase the total voltage of the battery pack and is suitable for high-voltage applications, such as the battery packs of new energy vehicles.

[0053] The controller 211 is connected to two poles of each battery cell 320 respectively, so that the analog controller 211 monitors the voltage of each battery cell 320 to determine the charging state of the battery cell 320, and then implements active balancing control according to the charging state.

[0054] There is usually only one controller 211, but there are multiple interfaces, for example, through each interface 212 ( Figure 2 In the figure, S1, S2, S3, and S4 represent interfaces, and are connected to each cell 320 and its corresponding control end optocoupler 230. Alternatively, through a multiplexing switch or other structure, each chip 320 and its corresponding control end optocoupler 230 are connected to complete the corresponding signal transmission.

[0055] The switching element 321 can be a solid-state relay or a MOS tube, both of which can realize the control function. For the convenience of demonstration, in this solution, only the switching element 321 is shown as a solid-state relay. However, to actually replace it with a solid-state relay, it is only necessary to remove the power supply structure at the input end of the switching element 321. Other parts do not need to be adjusted. The relevant changes are work that can be completed by technical personnel in this field without creative labor, so they will not be repeated here.

[0056] Therefore, through the controller 211, the control-end optocoupler 230, the switching element 321, the charging power supply 310 and the battery cell 320, the charging state of the battery cell 320 under normal conditions can be controlled. When the controller 211 issues an instruction to connect multiple battery cells 320 to the charging circuit at the same time, the switching element 321 is disconnected through the pulse limiting circuit 220 to avoid the execution of the instruction, thereby ensuring the overall safety of the system.

[0057] The multi-pulse safety charging control system provided in the embodiment of the present application sets a controller to control the working state of the switching element corresponding to the battery cell, and detects changes in data such as voltage and current at both ends of the battery cell, thereby realizing active control of whether the battery cell is involved in the charging power supply, and further completing active balanced control of the battery cell charging process. At the same time, when multiple battery cells are connected to the charging circuit at the same time, each switching element is switched to a non-conducting state through a pulse limiting circuit to avoid the pulse current from impacting each component in each system, thereby ensuring the overall safety of the multi-pulse safety charging control system and further ensuring the service life of the entire system.

[0058] exist Figure 2 Based on the embodiment, the following Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the specific structure of the multi-pulse safety charging control system 200 is described in detail, wherein, Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the pulse limiting circuit. Figure 4 The multi-pulse safe charging control system 200 further includes:

[0059] The pulse limiting circuit 220 includes a transistor, the emitter of which is grounded, the base is connected to the output of the controller 211 of the control end 210, and the collector is connected to the input of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300. The pulse limiting circuit 220 is used to ground the input of all switching elements 321 connected to the transistor when the base is at a high level. The switching element 321 is in a non-conducting state when the input is grounded.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pulse limiting circuit 220 can achieve pulse limiting through a transistor. When the signal of connecting multiple battery cells 320 to the charging circuit at the same time is input from the control end 210 to the pulse limiting circuit 220, it will be superimposed to form a high level and input to the base of the transistor. At this time, when the base of the transistor is at a high level, the collector and the emitter will be connected, and the emitter of the transistor will be grounded. Therefore, the collector will be directly grounded, and the collector will be connected to the input end of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300. Therefore, the input end of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300 will be directly grounded. At this time, the switching element 321 will be in a non-conducting state (that is, a disconnected state), so that the signal of connecting multiple battery cells 320 to the charging circuit at the same time cannot be executed until the controller 211 outputs a signal to connect a single battery cell 320 to the circuit.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pulse limiting circuit 220 includes an operational amplifier 221, the output end of the operational amplifier 221 is connected to the base of the transistor, the positive input end of the operational amplifier 221 is connected to the output end of the controller 211, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier 221 is connected to the comparison power supply of the set voltage. The operational amplifier 221 is used to output a high level to the base of the transistor when there are multiple pulse signals at the output end of the controller 211, or to output a low level to the base of the transistor when there is at most one pulse signal at the output end of the controller 211.

[0062] Specifically, the pulse signal output by each control terminal 211 is received by the operational amplifier 221 and compared with the set voltage (the comparison power supply is Figure 3 The element connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier 221) inputs a high level to the base of the transistor when there are multiple pulse signals, and outputs a low level when there is only a single pulse signal or no pulse signal. At this time, the collector and emitter of the transistor are actually disconnected. Therefore, the pulse signal can be directly input to the switching element 321 for normal execution without being affected by the pulse limiting loop 220.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the positive input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier 221 are connected in series through a resistor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier 221 is connected to the base of the transistor through a resistor and a diode respectively, the resistor and the diode are connected in parallel, the positive electrode of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 221, and the negative electrode of the diode is connected to the base of the transistor; the output terminal of the operational amplifier 221 is grounded through a resistor.

[0064] Specifically, the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier 221, which is the end connected to the output terminal of the controller 211, is connected in series with the output terminal by setting a resistor. When the controller 211 does not output a signal, the operational amplifier 221 directly inputs the low level of the output terminal to the positive input terminal (at this time, the low level is still less than the set voltage, so it does not affect the output state of the operational amplifier 221), thereby ensuring the normal operation of the operational amplifier 221; by setting a resistor and a mechanism between the operational amplifier 221 and the transistor, when the controller 211 outputs multiple pulse signals, the pulse signal is prevented from directly impacting the base of the transistor; by grounding the output terminal of the operational amplifier 221 through a resistor and combining it with a diode, the electrical signal is effectively prevented from flowing back from the transistor to the operational amplifier 221, thereby protecting the safety of the operational amplifier 221.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a diode is connected in series between the output of the controller 211 and the input of the operational amplifier 221 , and a diode is connected in series between the input of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300 and the collector of the transistor.

[0066] Specifically, a diode is provided to prevent the current output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier 221 from flowing back to the controller 211 through the positive input terminal, and to prevent the current from flowing back from the base of the transistor to the input terminal of the switching element 321, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall control of the system.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the execution end 300 further includes a bus 330 and a polarity switching circuit 340; the bus 330 includes a first bus 331 and a second bus 332, and the polarity switching circuit 340 includes a first switching element group 341 and a second switching element group 342; the positive electrode of the charging power supply 310 is connected to the first bus 331 through the first switching element group 341, and the negative electrode of the charging power supply 310 is connected to the second bus 332 through the first switching element group 341; the positive electrode of the charging power supply 310 is connected to the second bus 332 through the second switching element group 342, and the negative electrode of the charging power supply 310 is connected to the second bus 332 through the second switching element group 342. The element group 342 is connected to the first bus 331, and the polarity switching circuit 340 is used to switch the polarity of the charging power source 310 connected to the bus 330. There are at least three battery cells 320, and adjacent battery cells 320 are connected in series. The two ends of each battery cell 320 are connected to the bus 330 through a switching element 321. The output ends of two adjacent switching elements 321 are respectively connected to different bus lines 330, and adjacent electrodes of adjacent battery cells 320 are connected to the output ends of the same switching element 321. One end of the input end of the switching element 321 is grounded, and the other end is connected to the controller 211 interface 212 and the control end 210 respectively.

[0068] Specifically, both ends of the battery cell 320 are connected to the bus 330 through the switching element 321, and then connected to the charging power supply 310 through the bus 330. Therefore, when the switching element 321 is in the on state, a charging circuit can be formed between the battery cell 320 and the charging power supply 310 to charge the battery cell 320; the input end of the switching element 321 is connected to the controller 211, so that the controller 211 can control the on state of the switching element 321.

[0069] The polarity switching circuit 340 is configured to select one of the first switching element group 341 and the second switching element group 342 to be in an active state (and the other to be in an inactive state) based on control by the controller 211. For example, when the first switching element group 341 is in an active state, the first bus 331 is connected to the positive electrode of the charging power source 310, and the second bus 332 is connected to the negative electrode of the charging power source 310. The switching element 321 connected to the first bus 331 is connected to the positive electrode of the charging power source 310, and the switching element 321 connected to the second bus 332 is connected to the negative electrode of the charging power source 310. When the second switching element 342 is in an active state, the polarity of the charging power source 310 connected to the switching element 321 is reversed. Thus, the polarity of the charging power source 310 connected to each switching element 321 can be controlled by the polarity switching circuit 340.

[0070] For the switching element 321 shared by two adjacent battery cells 320, when it is necessary to charge the battery cell whose negative pole is connected to the switching element 321, the bus 330 connected to the switching element 321 can be switched to be connected to the negative pole of the charging power source 310 through the polarity switching circuit 340; when it is necessary to charge the battery cell whose positive pole is connected to the switching element 321, the bus 330 connected to the switching element 321 can be switched to be connected to the negative pole of the charging power source 310 through the polarity switching circuit 340. In this way, the same switching element 321 can meet the different charging requirements of adjacent battery cells 320, thereby reducing the number of switching elements 320 without affecting the normal charging function.

[0071] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first switching element group 341 includes a first switching element 343 and a second switching element 344. The output end of the first switching element 343 is connected to the first bus 331 and the positive electrode of the charging power supply 310, respectively, and the output end of the second switching element 344 is connected to the second bus 332 and the negative electrode of the charging power supply 310, respectively. The second switching element group 342 includes a third switching element 345 and a fourth switching element 346. The output end of the third switching element 345 is connected to the second bus 332 and the positive electrode of the charging power supply 310, respectively, and the output end of the fourth switching element 346 is connected to the first bus 331 and the negative electrode of the charging power supply 310, respectively. One end of the input end of the first switching element 343 is connected to the power supply 21. 3, and the other end is connected in series with the input end of the second switching element 344, the other input end of the second switching element 344 is respectively connected to the transistors of the controller 211 and the execution end 300; one end of the input end of the third switching element 345 is connected to the power supply 213, and the other end is connected in series with the input end of the fourth switching element 346, the other input end of the fourth switching element 346 is respectively connected to the controller 211 and the other execution end 300 transistor; the emitter of the execution end 300 transistor is grounded, the base is connected to the input end of the second switching element 344, and the collector is connected to the input end of the execution end optocoupler 347. One end of the output end of the execution end optocoupler 347 is connected to the power supply 213, and the other end is connected to the output end of the control end optocoupler 230.

[0072] Specifically, two switching elements 321 form a switching element group to realize the function of connecting the charging power source 310 and different buses 330 respectively. The controller 211 controls the conduction state of each switching element 321 in the polarity switching circuit 340 to realize the switching of the polarity of the bus 330 corresponding to the charging power source 310.

[0073] The power supply 213 supplies power to each switching element 321 to ensure the normal operation of the switching element 321 .

[0074] Input terminals of the second switching element 344 and the fourth switching element 346 respectively receive control instructions sent by the controller 211 to control the on or off state of the first switching element group 341 and the second switching element group 342 .

[0075] The input end of the switching element 321 can be a light-emitting diode. When the controller 211 sends an electrical signal with the same voltage as the power supply 213 (such as 5V) to the switching element 321 in the polarity switching circuit 340, at this time, the voltages at both ends of the input end of each switching element 321 are equal, and no current can be formed, so that the light-emitting diode of the switching element 321 does not work, and the output end of the switching element 321 is in a non-conducting state; and when the controller 211 does not output an electrical signal to the switching element 321, the switching element 321 is in a conducting state. At this time, by setting a diode, the current of the power supply 213 can be prevented from flowing back.

[0076] At the same time, the signal sent by the controller 211 will also flow to the base of the transistor, causing the base of the transistor to be at a high level, and grounding one end of the input end of the execution end optocoupler 347 connected to the collector of the transistor, thereby forming a potential difference between the two ends of the input end of the execution end optocoupler 347 (in addition to one end connected to the transistor, the other end of the execution end optocoupler 347 is connected to the power supply 213), so that the light-emitting diode of the execution end optocoupler 347 (in this embodiment, the input end of the optocoupler is a light-emitting diode, and the output end is a photoresistor) works, and then the output end of the execution end optocoupler 347 can flow the current of the power supply 213 to the control end optocoupler 230, so that the corresponding control end optocoupler 230 can work normally.

[0077] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the battery cell 320 that can be connected to charging when the first switching element group 341 is turned on is recorded as a first type of battery cell, and the battery cell 320 that can be connected to charging when the second switching element group 342 is turned on is recorded as a second type of battery cell. The execution-end optocoupler 347 corresponding to the second switching element 344 and the control-end optocoupler 230 corresponding to its output end correspond to the second type of battery cell, and the execution-end optocoupler 347 corresponding to the fourth switching element 346 and the control-end optocoupler 230 corresponding to its output end correspond to the first type of battery cell.

[0078] For example, when the second switching element 344 receives a high level sent by the controller 211, the execution end optocoupler 347 will put the corresponding control end optocoupler 230 into a normal working state, and at this time the first switching element group 341 where the second switching element 344 is located is in a disconnected state, and only the battery cell 320 corresponding to the second switching element group 342 can be charged. Therefore, only when the control end optocoupler 230 corresponding to the second type of battery cell is in a normal working state can it be guaranteed that the second type of battery cell can be charged.

[0079] Furthermore, the output end of each execution end optocoupler 347 corresponds to multiple control end optocouplers 230 to ensure that all control end optocouplers 230 corresponding to the same type of battery cells (such as the first type of battery cells or the second type of battery cells) can operate normally at the same time.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the control end 210 includes a control end optocoupler 230, the interface 212 of the controller 211 is connected to the input end of the control end optocoupler 230, one end of the output end of the control end optocoupler 230 is connected to the output end of the execution end optocoupler 347, and the other end is connected to the pulse limiting circuit 220, and the end connected to the pulse limiting circuit 220 is also connected to the input end of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300 through the OR gate 240.

[0081] Specifically, when the control-end optocoupler 230 receives the signal sent by the controller 211, the light-emitting diode therein is operated, thereby causing the resistance of the photoresistor to decrease, so that the current output by the execution-end optocoupler 347 can be input into the pulse limiting loop 220 and the OR gate 240 to determine whether there are multiple pulses. In the case of a single pulse signal, the current flows to the switching element 321 through the OR gate 240 to complete the state control of the switching element 321.

[0082] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the output end of the OR gate 240 is connected to the input end of the switching element 321 of the execution end 300, and the OR gate 240 includes a first type OR gate 241 and a second type OR gate 242. The switching element 321 corresponding to the first type OR gate 241 is connected to the positive pole of a battery cell 320 and is not connected to the negative pole of other battery cells 320. The switching element 321 corresponding to the second type OR gate 242 is respectively connected to the positive pole and negative pole of two adjacent battery cells 320; the input end of the first type OR gate 241 is respectively connected to the ground point and the output end of the optocoupler 230, and the input end of the second type OR gate 242 is respectively connected to the output end of two adjacent optocouplers 230; one input end of adjacent OR gates 240 is respectively connected to the output end of the same optocoupler 230; the input end of the optocoupler 230 is respectively connected to two different interfaces 212 of the controller 211, and the interface 212 of each controller 211 is respectively connected to an electrode of the battery cell 320.

[0083] Specifically, for the first type OR gate 231, when the signal at the output end of the control end optocoupler 230 reaches the input end of the first type OR gate 231, the first type OR gate 231 directly outputs the electrical signal from the output end because the other input end is grounded.

[0084] For the second type of OR gate 232 , when the control end optocoupler 230 connected to any input end thereof sends a signal, the OR gate 230 can output an electrical signal, thereby switching the corresponding switching element 321 of the OR gate 230 to the on state.

[0085] By connecting one input end of adjacent OR gates 230 to the output end of the same control end optocoupler 230, one control end optocoupler 230 can simultaneously control two adjacent OR gates 230, that is, realize the control of the switching elements 321 on both sides of the battery cell 320 corresponding to one control end optocoupler 230.

[0086] The two interfaces 212 of the controller 211 are connected to the input end of the control end optocoupler 230 so that the control end optocoupler 230 can receive signals and ensure the normal operation of the control end optocoupler 230. The interface 212 of each controller 211 is connected to an electrode of the battery cell 320 respectively so that the controller 211 can receive the signal transmitted by the battery cell 320 and realize the monitoring of the status of the battery cell 320.

[0087] At the same time, the connection point between the battery cell 320 and the controller 211 also corresponds to the input end of the control-end optocoupler 230. Since the control-end optocoupler 230 corresponds to the battery cell 320, when the battery cell 320 is in a charging state, the current at both ends will flow into the input end of the control-end optocoupler 230, so that the control-end optocoupler 230 corresponding to the battery cell 320 is in a continuous working state, thereby ensuring that the control-end optocoupler 230 continuously outputs a control signal to the switching element 321 through the corresponding two OR gates 230, so that the switching element 321 is continuously in a conductive state, thereby ensuring the continuation of the charging process.

[0088] When the battery cell 320 no longer needs to be charged, a high level is output through the controller 211 interface connected to the other end of the light-emitting diode (i.e., the negative electrode corresponding end) in the output end of the control end optocoupler 230, so that there is no forward potential difference between the two ends of the light-emitting diode in the control end optocoupler 230, and it no longer works, thereby cutting off the current flowing to the OR gate 230 and the switching element 321, and switching the switching element 321 to a non-conducting state.

[0089] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a control end 210 transistor is provided between the interface 212 of the controller 211 corresponding to the positive pole of the same battery cell 320 and the interface 212 of the controller 211 corresponding to the negative pole of the battery cell 320. The collector of the control end 210 transistor is connected to the input end of the optocoupler 230. The other end of the input end of the optocoupler 230 is connected to the interface 212 of the controller 211 corresponding to the positive pole of the battery cell 320. The base of the control end 210 transistor is connected to the interface 212 of the controller 211. The control end The emitter of the transistor 210 is connected to the controller 211 interface 212 corresponding to the negative pole of the battery cell 320, and the controller 211 interface 212 connected to the base of the transistor at the control end 210 is adjacent to the controller 211 interface 212 corresponding to the positive and negative poles of the battery cell 320 respectively; a resistor, a capacitor and a diode are connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the transistor at the control end 210, the positive pole of the diode is connected to the emitter of the transistor at the control end 210, and the negative pole of the diode is connected to the base of the transistor at the control end 210.

[0090] Specifically, by setting up a transistor and connecting the base of the transistor to the interface 212 of the controller 211, the electrical signal corresponding to the light-emitting diode of the control-end optocoupler 230 at the collector is enhanced through the base, thereby enhancing the driving ability of the light-emitting diode, ensuring the driving ability of the control-end optocoupler 230 to the switching element 321, and improving the stability and control accuracy of the entire system control capability.

[0091] Since the adjacent electrodes of adjacent battery cells 320 (the positive electrode of one battery cell 320 and the negative electrode of another adjacent battery cell 320) are connected to the same interface 212 of the controller 211, voltages in opposite directions may appear between the emitter and base of the same transistor. In order to avoid the impact of reverse voltage resistance on the transistor and other components on the circuit, a capacitor can be connected in parallel between the base and emitter of the transistor, and then combined with a diode to maximize the prevention of the impact of reverse current and transient voltage on components, thereby improving the service life of the entire system.

[0092] The multi-pulse safety charging control system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure further optimizes the performance of the multi-pulse safety charging control system by introducing a variety of elements at the execution end and the control end, such as switching elements, diodes, resistors, capacitors, transistors, OR gates and optocouplers. Through the cooperation of OR gates and optocouplers, the state control of the switching elements at both ends of the battery cell is realized, and through the cooperation of the battery cell and the transistor, the signal of the battery cell can only drive the optocoupler to work, ensuring the continuation of the charging process of active balancing control and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the control. On this basis, through the pulse limiting circuit, all switching elements are disconnected when a multi-pulse signal is generated, which maximizes the safety and reliability of the system, enhances the accuracy and stability of signal transmission, and saves costs at the same time, solves the problem that the existing technology cannot solve the problem of easy damage to components when multiple battery cells are connected to the charging circuit at the same time, and improves the availability of active balancing control of the battery management system.

[0093] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a particular embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. To keep the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0094] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present application that follow the general principles of the present application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0095] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structure described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-pulse safe charging control system, characterized in that: include: Control side and execution side, The control end includes a controller and a pulse limiting circuit; The execution end includes a charging power supply, a battery cell, and a switching element, wherein the switching element is a solid-state relay or a MOS tube; Both ends of the battery cell are connected to a charging power source via a switching element respectively; The input end of the switching element is connected to the interface of the controller, and the two ends of the battery cell are connected to the interface of the controller. The controller is used to monitor the voltage, current and temperature at both ends of the battery cell, and control the conduction state of the switching element based on the voltage, current and temperature to control the charging process of the battery cell; The pulse limiting loop is connected to the interface of the controller at the control end and the switching element input end of the execution end respectively. The pulse limiting loop is used to switch all switching elements to a non-conducting state when the interface of the controller outputs multiple pulse signals.

2. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse limiting circuit includes a transistor, the emitter of which is grounded, the base is connected to the controller output of the control end, and the collector is connected to the switching element input of the execution end. The pulse limiting circuit is used to ground all the switching element inputs connected to the transistor when the base is at a high level. The switching element is in a non-conducting state when the input is grounded.

3. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulse limiting loop includes an operational amplifier, The output end of the operational amplifier is connected to the base of the transistor, the positive input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the output end of the controller, and the negative input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the comparison power supply of the set voltage. The operational amplifier is used to output a high level to the base of the transistor when there are multiple pulse signals at the output end of the controller, or to output a low level to the base of the transistor when there is at most one pulse signal at the output end of the controller.

4. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positive input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier are connected in series via a resistor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the base of the transistor via a resistor and a diode respectively, the resistor and the diode are connected in parallel, the positive electrode of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the negative electrode of the diode is connected to the base of the transistor; The output terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded through a resistor.

5. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A diode is connected in series between the output end of the controller and the input end of the operational amplifier, and a diode is connected in series between the input end of the switching element of the execution end and the collector of the transistor.

6. The multi-pulse safety charging control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The execution end also includes a bus and a polarity switching circuit; The bus includes a first bus and a second bus, and the polarity switching circuit includes a first switching element group and a second switching element group; The positive electrode of the charging power source is connected to the first bus through a first switching element group, and the negative electrode of the charging power source is connected to the second bus through the first switching element group; the positive electrode of the charging power source is connected to the second bus through a second switching element group, and the negative electrode of the charging power source is connected to the first bus through the second switching element group. The polarity switching circuit is used to switch the polarity of the charging power source connected to the bus; There are at least three battery cells, adjacent battery cells are connected in series, both ends of each battery cell are connected to a bus via a switching element, the output ends of two adjacent switching elements are connected to different buses, and adjacent electrodes of adjacent battery cells are connected to the output end of the same switching element; One end of the input end of the switching element is grounded, and the other end is connected to the interface of the controller and the control end respectively.

7. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first switching element group includes a first switching element and a second switching element, wherein the output end of the first switching element is connected to the first bus and the positive electrode of the charging power supply respectively, and the output end of the second switching element is connected to the second bus and the negative electrode of the charging power supply respectively; The second switching element group includes a third switching element and a fourth switching element, wherein the output end of the third switching element is connected to the second bus and the positive electrode of the charging power supply, respectively, and the output end of the fourth switching element is connected to the first bus and the negative electrode of the charging power supply, respectively. One end of the input of the first switching element is connected to the power supply, and the other end is connected in series with the input of the second switching element, and the other input of the second switching element is connected to the controller and the transistor of the execution end respectively; one end of the input of the third switching element is connected to the power supply, and the other end is connected in series with the input of the fourth switching element, and the other input of the fourth switching element is connected to the controller and the transistor of the other execution end respectively; The emitter of the transistor at the execution end is grounded, the base is connected to the input end of the second switching element, the collector is connected to the input end of the execution end optocoupler, one end of the output end of the execution end optocoupler is connected to the power supply, and the other end is connected to the output end of the control end optocoupler.

8. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control end includes a control end optocoupler, the interface of the controller is connected to the input end of the control end optocoupler, one end of the output end of the control end optocoupler is connected to the output end of the execution end optocoupler, and the other end is connected to the pulse limiting circuit, and the end connected to the pulse limiting circuit is also connected to the input end of the switching element of the execution end through an OR gate.

9. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The output end of the OR gate is connected to the input end of the switching element of the execution end, and the OR gate includes a first type of OR gate and a second type of OR gate. The switching element corresponding to the first type of OR gate is connected to the positive electrode of one battery cell and is not connected to the negative electrode of other battery cells. The switching element corresponding to the second type of OR gate is respectively connected to the positive electrode and negative electrode of two adjacent battery cells; the input end of the first type of OR gate is respectively connected to the ground point and the output end of the control end optocoupler, and the input end of the second type of OR gate is respectively connected to the output ends of two adjacent control end optocouplers; One input end of adjacent OR gates is respectively connected to the output end of the same control end optocoupler; The input ends of the control-end optical coupler are respectively connected to two different interfaces of the controller, and each interface of the controller is respectively connected to an electrode of the battery cell.

10. The multi-pulse safe charging control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A triode at the control end is provided between the interface of the controller corresponding to the positive electrode of the same battery cell and the interface of the controller corresponding to the negative electrode of the battery cell, the collector of the triode at the control end is connected to the optical coupler input end of the control end, the other end of the optical coupler input end of the control end is connected to the interface of the controller corresponding to the positive electrode of the battery cell, the base of the triode at the control end is connected to the interface of the controller, the emitter of the triode at the control end is connected to the interface of the controller corresponding to the negative electrode of the battery cell, and the interfaces of the controller connected to the base of the triode at the control end are respectively adjacent to the interfaces of the controllers corresponding to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery cell; A resistor, a capacitor and a diode are connected in parallel between the base and the emitter of the transistor at the control end. The anode of the diode is connected to the emitter of the transistor at the control end, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the base of the transistor at the control end.

Images