Modular planting equipment for root zone environmental control

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of planting equipment, and discloses a modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, which comprises an AIoT system, a mobile chassis, an outer wall and an inner wall. Universal wheels are installed on the bottom surface of the mobile chassis. The outer wall is made of temperature control material, is arranged on the mobile chassis, and surrounds a cavity capable of accommodating soil with the mobile chassis. The inner wall is arranged on the inner side of the outer wall, is made of weather-resistant material, and is provided with a plurality of air holes communicating between the two sides of the inner wall. A vertical air passage is arranged on the outer side of the inner wall, and the air passage communicates the air holes located in the same column. The upper and lower ends of the air passage are communicated with the outside through air inlets and air outlets, respectively. The AIoT system is arranged in a control box on the outer wall, and is used for soil environment monitoring, data acquisition and processing, and edge decision control of the device. The equipment is used for crop root zone microenvironment control, can avoid the influence of temperature control material on soil aeration, solves the problem of water and fertilizer management difficulty in open field cultivation, and promotes the digitalization and intelligentization transformation of agricultural production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of planting equipment, in particular to a modular planting equipment for root zone environment control. BACKGROUND

[0002] Roots are the "life source" of plants, not only absorbing water and nutrients, but also sensing soil conditions and regulating physiological activities of the aboveground part (such as stomatal opening and closing, leaf growth, fruit development). Establishing and maintaining healthy roots is crucial for the overall growth and high quality and high yield of plants.

[0003] However, traditional open field cultivation faces severe challenges:

[0004] 1. Uncontrollable environment: Soil environment (such as salinization, hardening, nutrient imbalance, soil-borne diseases) is difficult to control, which seriously restricts the health of roots, and further affects crop growth, quality and yield.

[0005] 2. Resource inefficiency and pollution: Affected by climate fluctuations (temperature, humidity, uneven rainfall), water management highly depends on traditional experience, resulting in insufficient or excessive irrigation, and inefficient use of water resources; unreasonable fertilization leads to low utilization rate (less than 30%), heavy metal pollution and soil salinization.

[0006] 3. Extensive management: Weeds are controlled by manual / chemical means, which is inefficient and destroys the ecosystem; the wide distribution of roots makes it difficult to repair roots, and the quality uniformity is poor.

[0007] Although existing soil management technologies (such as root zone restriction cultivation and container cultivation) have developed, the root zone restriction technology still has defects such as unstable root zone temperature, high cost and complex management, and has limited effect on precise regulation of root zone environment. The container cultivation device isolates the external environment, but has poor air permeability, water and fertilizer are easily accumulated at the bottom, and the material has poor weather resistance and temperature control, the fertilizer is not accurately added, and it is difficult to optimize the root zone environment. In the face of global population growth, resource scarcity and sustainable development pressure, plant root management needs breakthrough solutions to break through the bottlenecks of low standardization and lack of data-driven in open field cultivation. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, which can reduce the control difficulty of plant planting environment, meet the precise regulation of water, fertilizer, temperature and other root zone environment, realize efficient use of resources, avoid waste of water resources, and environmental pollution caused by excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and meet the demand for sustainable development.

[0009] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A modular planting equipment for root zone environment control comprises a mobile chassis, a plurality of universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the mobile chassis, an outer wall made of temperature control material is arranged on the mobile chassis and surrounds an inner wall to form a cavity capable of accommodating soil and limiting the growth of plant root systems, the inner wall is arranged on the inner side of the outer wall and is made of weather-resistant material, a plurality of air holes are arranged on the inner wall and communicate between the two sides of the inner wall, vertical air passages are arranged on the inner wall and communicate a plurality of air holes in the same column, and the upper and lower ends of the air passages communicate with the outside through air inlets and air outlets respectively, and an AIoT system is arranged in a control box on the outer wall and is used for soil environment monitoring, data collection and processing, and edge decision control of the device.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the mobile chassis is provided with universal wheels, which facilitates the movement of the device to the desired position. The roots of the plants are arranged in the soil in the cavity surrounded by the outer wall, the inner wall and the mobile chassis, the soil of the plant roots is isolated from the external environment, the volume of the soil that needs to be controlled is reduced, the management difficulty of the soil near the roots is reduced, the utilization rate of water and fertilizer is improved, and the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides to pollute the environment is avoided. The outer wall is made of temperature control material, and the inner wall is made of weather-resistant material, which improves the temperature control performance of the device and improves the strength of the structure, thereby improving the adaptability of the device to harsh environments. The inner wall ensures the ventilation of the root system soil through the air holes and the air passages, avoiding the influence of the temperature control material on the ventilation of the cavity and affecting the growth of the plants. At the same time, the device can also realize soil environment monitoring in the cavity through the AIoT system, and realize intelligent control of the soil environment according to the soil environment monitoring data, further ensuring that the soil environment in the cavity can be stabilized in an environment suitable for plant growth.

[0011] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control described above, the inner side of the inner wall is provided with a solid-state fertilizer quick-change support, a solid-state fertilizer drawer is slidably arranged in the solid-state fertilizer quick-change support, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the side wall of the solid-state fertilizer drawer, the solid-state fertilizer drawer can slide in the vertical direction along the solid-state fertilizer quick-change support, and when the solid-state fertilizer drawer slides in the solid-state fertilizer quick-change support, the through holes of the solid-state fertilizer drawer can cut off the roots grown into the solid-state fertilizer drawer.

[0012] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control described above, the mobile chassis is provided with a compost isolation frame, the compost isolation frame is arranged in the inner wall, a plurality of through holes are arranged on the top surface of the compost isolation frame, a compost drawer is slidably arranged in the interior of the compost isolation frame, the compost drawer can slide in the horizontal direction along the compost isolation frame, and when the compost drawer slides in the compost isolation frame, the through holes of the compost isolation frame can cut off the roots grown into the compost drawer.

[0013] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the inner surface and / or the outer surface of the inner wall is provided with a honeycomb-shaped reinforcing structure, the inner surface of the inner wall is provided with a vertical height scale, and the inner wall is detachably installed on the inner side of the outer wall in a threaded connection manner.

[0014] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the upper surface of the mobile chassis is concave in the central region, the mobile chassis is provided with a drainage structure, one end of the drainage structure is arranged in the central region of the mobile chassis, and the other end of the drainage structure is in communication with the outside.

[0015] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the AIoT system comprises a power management module, a control module, a wireless communication module, a data acquisition module and a positioning module, the power management module is used for supplying power to the control module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module are electrically connected with the control module, the soil in the inner wall is provided with a soil tension sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor, the outer wall or the inner wall is provided with a three-axis acceleration sensor, and the soil tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil conductivity sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are electrically connected with the data acquisition module.

[0016] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the inner wall or the outer wall is provided with a heating device and a refrigeration device, the control box is further provided with a drive control module, the drive control module is electrically connected with the control module, and the heating device and the refrigeration device are electrically connected with the drive control module.

[0017] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the control box is further provided with an electronic tag.

[0018] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the inner wall is provided with a drip irrigation device, the drip irrigation device is electrically connected with the drive control module, and the drip irrigation device is in communication with a water and fertilizer supply system.

[0019] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, the upper side of the outer wall is provided with a rain shelter device, the middle part of the rain shelter device is provided with a seedling supporting hole for the seedling to grow out, and a seedling supporting rod is arranged in the seedling supporting hole.

[0020] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1Structure diagram of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the internal structure of the modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] 100 mobile chassis, 110 universal wheel, 120 drainage structure, 121 water collecting groove, 200 outer wall, 300 inner wall, 310 air hole, 320 air passage, 330 reinforcing structure, 331 regular hexagonal groove, 332 regular hexagonal ridge, 340 height scale, 400 solid fertilizer quick-change support, 410 solid fertilizer drawer, 500 compost isolation frame, 510 compost drawer, 600 control box, 700 rain shelter device, 701 rain cloth, 702 keel, 703 inner slide rail, 704 outer slide rail, 710 seedling supporting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figures 4 to 6 Embodiments of the present application provide a modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, comprising a mobile chassis 100, an outer wall 200, an inner wall 300 and an AIoT system. A plurality of universal wheels 110 are arranged on the lower surface of the mobile chassis 100, and the outer wall 200 is arranged on the upper surface of the mobile chassis 100. The outer wall 200 is made of temperature control material, such as polyurethane temperature control plate, etc., and the outer wall 200 and the mobile chassis 100 form a cavity that can accommodate soil. The inner wall 300 is made of weather-resistant material, and the inner wall 300 is arranged on the inner side of the outer wall 200. A plurality of air holes 310 are arranged on the inner wall 300, which communicate the inside and outside of the inner wall 300. A plurality of vertical air passages 320 are also arranged on the inner wall 300, which communicate the air holes 310 located in the same column. The upper and lower ends of the air passages 320 are respectively provided with air inlets and air outlets which communicate with the outside. The AIoT system is arranged in the control box 600 on the surface of the outer wall 200, which is used to monitor the soil environment in the cavity, collect and process the parameters of the soil environment, and implement edge decision control of the device according to the collected parameters of the soil environment.

[0036] The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, by setting the plant root system in the soil carried in the cavity surrounded by the outer wall 200, the inner wall 300 and the moving chassis 100, isolates the soil near the plant root from the external environment soil, reduces the influence of the external soil environment on the soil environment at the plant root in the inner wall 300, thereby reducing the difficulty of controlling the soil environment in the inner wall 300; by using the device for planting, the soil volume that needs to be controlled in the environment quality is unified and reduced, thereby reducing the management difficulty of the water, fertilizer, temperature and humidity of the soil near the root, improving the control accuracy of the soil environment quality, improving the consistency of crops, easily controlling the quality of crops, and improving the use efficiency of pesticides and fertilizers, and avoiding the pollution of the external soil environment caused by the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers. The planting device, since the universal wheel 110 is installed on the moving chassis 100, the device can be more conveniently moved, and the position of the device can be adjusted as required; the planting device, the outer wall 200 is made of temperature control material, and the inner wall 300 is made of weather-resistant material, so that the device has stronger temperature control performance and weather resistance, so that the device can be used in more complex and harsh environments, and the stress resistance of plants is improved. The inner wall 300 is provided with an air hole 310 and an air duct 320 communicating with the outside, and the soil in the cavity can bypass the outer wall 200 through the air hole 310 and the air duct 320 to ventilate with the external environment, so as to avoid the influence of the outer wall 200 on the ventilation and air permeability of the soil in the cavity and the growth of plants. The device can be used for planting plants without being limited by the soil conditions of the planting site, and can be used for planting crops in hilly and mountainous areas, uncultivated land, saline-alkali soil and other areas, thereby improving the land utilization rate; in areas with high groundwater level, serious soil salinization or serious soil-borne diseases, the device can be used for planting and production to realize low-cost high-yield and high-quality cultivation; the cultivation volume of the planting device is controlled, and the dwarfing and dense planting of fruit trees are easily realized, thereby saving labor and facilitating picking; the device can also physically isolate the soil through the outer wall 200, and block the transmission path of soil-borne diseases.

[0037] Referring to Figure 4 In this embodiment, in order to facilitate installation, the inner wall 300 is made of flexible weather-resistant material, such as high-density polyethylene, and is fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer wall 200 by bolts. In order to improve the physical strength of the flexible inner wall 300, the front and back surfaces of the inner wall 300 are provided with a honeycomb-shaped reinforcing structure 330, which can be formed by closely arranging a plurality of convex platforms, concave grooves or convex rib-shaped sub-units. The honeycomb structure has high strength and stability, thereby further improving the physical strength of the inner wall 300, so that the device can still maintain relatively stable physical properties under complex environmental conditions, thereby improving the service life of the device. Figure 5 and Figure 6In the embodiment, the reinforcing structure 330 on the side of the inner wall 300 facing the outer wall 200 is formed by a plurality of regular hexagonal convex ridges 332, the reinforcing structure 330 on the inner surface of the inner wall 300 is formed by a plurality of regular hexagonal grooves 331, the plurality of regular hexagonal convex ridges 332 on both sides of the inner wall 300 correspond to the plurality of regular hexagonal grooves 331 one by one, and a gas hole 310 is arranged at the center of each regular hexagonal groove. The air passage 320 can be a groove formed on the surface of the inner wall 300 or a pipeline buried in the inner wall 300. Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6 In the embodiment, the plurality of gas holes 310 on each column are connected to each other through the slot-shaped air passage 320 arranged on the outer surface of the inner wall 300. The air inlet and the air outlet of each air passage 320 can be arranged on the corresponding position of the outer wall 200. In the embodiment, the air inlet is preferably arranged on the outer wall 200 at the corresponding position of the lower end of each air passage 320, and the air outlet is preferably arranged on the outer wall 200 at the corresponding position of the upper end of each air passage 320. Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In the embodiment, the outer wall 200 is in a cylindrical structure, and the inner wall 300 is provided with a vertical height scale 340, so that the height of the soil in the cavity can be directly observed, and the soil bulk density in the equipment can be accurately calculated according to the height of the soil, so that the soil structure, air permeability, water permeability and water retention of the soil can be quickly evaluated, and the sensor can be accurately placed in different depths of the soil. The outer wall 200 is detachably arranged on the mobile chassis 100 by screw connection or the like, and the inner wall 300 is detachably arranged on the inner side of the outer wall 200 by screw connection or the like, so that the root system of the plant can be managed and maintained, and when the root needs to be repaired, the soil needs to be replaced, or the tree needs to be replaced, the outer wall 200 can be quickly detached for operation, which reduces the labor intensity and production cost, and also facilitates the removal of the diseased tree in the open field into the device to prevent the spread of the disease and improve the disease control rate.

[0038] In some embodiments, to facilitate the replacement of solid fertilizer and improve the efficiency of fertilizer absorption by plant roots and stems, thereby increasing fertilizer utilization, a solid fertilizer quick-change bracket 400 is provided on the inner side of the inner wall 300. A solid fertilizer drawer 410 is slidably mounted within the bracket 400. The bracket 400 secures the drawer 410 to the inner side of the inner wall 300. The drawer 410 can slide vertically along the bracket 400. The sidewalls of the drawer 410 are provided with multiple through-holes to allow plant roots and stems to absorb the fertilizer within the drawer 410. Furthermore, when the drawer 410 is pulled out and pulled out during fertilizer replacement, the edges of the through-holes in the drawer 410 sever any roots that extend into the drawer 410, facilitating root management. Furthermore, a compost isolation rack 500 is provided on the mobile chassis 100 and is located within the inner wall 300. The inner sliding of the compost isolation rack 500 is provided with a compost drawer 510, and the compost drawer 510 can slide along the compost isolation rack 500 in the horizontal direction. The top surface of the compost isolation rack 500 is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the rhizome of the plant extends into the compost drawer 510 and absorbs nutrients. In the same way, when replacing the fertilizer in the compost drawer 510, in the process of pulling out the compost drawer 510, the through hole edge on the compost isolation rack 500 can cooperate with the edge of the compost drawer 510, and the rhizome extending into the compost drawer 510 is cut off. During use, when monitoring the fertility of the soil and deviating from the suitable range required for plant growth, the compost drawer 510 and the solid fertilizer drawer 410 can be pulled outwards, thereby quickly changing and adding solid organic fertilizer.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, four sets of solid fertilizer quick-change brackets 400 are provided inside the inner wall 300. The four sets of solid fertilizer quick-change brackets 400 are provided on the inner side of the inner wall 300 at intervals of 90 degrees, so that the fertility of the soil around the plant roots can be basically uniform. Figure 7 The solid fertilizer drawer 410 is a cylindrical container with an opening at the top for loading solid fertilizer. A handle is provided at the top of the solid fertilizer drawer 410 to facilitate pulling the solid fertilizer drawer 410 out of the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket 400. The side of the solid fertilizer drawer 410 facing the inner wall 300 is an arc surface that matches the inner wall 300 to fully utilize the space inside the inner wall 300. Figure 8 and Figure 9In the embodiment, the compost isolation frame 500 is a reversed U-shaped support, the upper surface of the mobile base 100 is provided with a mounting groove for mounting the compost isolation frame 500, the compost isolation frame 500 and the upper surface of the mobile base 100 form a channel for the compost drawer 510 to slide in, the corresponding positions of the outer wall 200 and the inner wall 300 are provided with avoiding grooves for avoiding the compost drawer 510, so that the compost drawer 510 can be pulled in and pulled out in the compost isolation frame 500, and a handle is also provided on the outer side of the compost drawer 510.

[0040] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 9 In the embodiment, in order to avoid the accumulation of accumulated water caused by irrigation or rainfall on the bottom of the cavity and affect the ventilation of the soil near the plant roots, the upper surface of the mobile base 100 is concave in the middle and high around, and the mobile base 100 is provided with a drainage structure 120, one end of the drainage structure 120 is arranged at the central area of the concave mobile base 100, and the other end extends to the outside of the outer wall 200. When there is accumulated water in the cavity, the accumulated water will gather to the central area of the mobile base 100 along the concave upper surface of the mobile base 100 under the action of gravity, and be discharged to the outside through the drainage structure 120. It can be understood that the drainage structure 120 can be a sink or a drain pipe with a certain inclination. Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 9 In the embodiment, the drainage structure 120 is a drain pipe arranged in the mobile base 100, the central area of the upper surface of the mobile base 100 is provided with a water collecting groove 121, and the accumulated water will be collected in the water collecting groove 121 under the guidance of the concave. One end of the drain pipe near the central area of the mobile base 100 communicates with the water collecting groove 121, the other end of the drain pipe penetrates through the mobile base 100 and protrudes from the edge of the mobile base 100, and the height of the end of the drain pipe communicating with the water collecting groove 121 is higher than that of the end protruding from the edge of the mobile base 100, so as to discharge the accumulated water collected in the water collecting groove 121 to the outside. Referring to Figure 9 In the embodiment, the mobile base 100 is a square disc, and the four universal wheels 110 are arranged at the four corners of the mobile base 100.

[0041] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 10 In the embodiment, in order to further reduce the difficulty of controlling the quality of the soil in the cavity, prevent the environment in the cavity from being eroded by rainwater, thereby protecting the soil structure and fertility, and isolating the transmission path of weed seeds to avoid the growth of weeds in the cavity, a rain shelter device 700 is arranged above the outer wall 200, the rain shelter device is provided with a seedling supporting hole for the seedling to grow out, and a seedling supporting rod 710 is arranged in the seedling supporting hole. The rain shelter device 700 can cover the opening above the cavity to avoid direct rainwater erosion of the soil and prevent weed seeds from entering the cavity.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 10 In the present embodiment, the rain shelter device 700 comprises a plurality of keels 702 and a rain cloth 701, the rain cloth 701 is fan-shaped, a seedling supporting hole is arranged at the center region of the rain cloth 701, the keels 702 are distributed on the rain cloth 701 at equal angles, one end of the keel 702 facing the seedling supporting hole is connected with the seedling supporting rod 710, and a magic tape is arranged at the edge of the rain cloth 701. During installation, the seedling supporting rod 710 can be firstly inserted into the soil in the cavity, and the seedling supporting rod 710 is bound with the branch of the plant; then the branch of the plant is inserted into the seedling supporting hole through the gap of the rain cloth 701, and one end of the keel 702 facing the seedling supporting hole is connected with the seedling supporting rod 710; finally, the magic tape at the edge of the rain cloth 701 is attached, so that the rain cloth 701 becomes a closed umbrella-shaped structure, and the outer end of the keel 702 is arranged on the edge of the outer wall 200, thereby achieving the rain shelter and weed seed blocking of the cavity.

[0043] In some embodiments, in order to further improve the control accuracy of the soil environment in the cavity, a drip irrigation device is arranged in the inner wall 300, and the drip irrigation device is communicated with a water and fertilizer supply system. In the present embodiment, the drip irrigation device is a drip irrigation ring, which is arranged above the soil in the cavity and surrounds the branch of the plant, thereby achieving uniform irrigation around the roots of the plant. The water and fertilizer supply system comprises a water and fertilizer integrated machine, which is communicated with a water source and a water and fertilizer raw liquid source, mixes water and water and fertilizer raw liquid into a water and fertilizer solution at a preset ratio, and drips the water and fertilizer solution into the soil through the drip irrigation ring. It can be understood that a proportional adjusting device such as a proportional valve, a metering pump or a Venturi tube should be arranged at the water inlet and the water and fertilizer raw liquid inlet of the water and fertilizer integrated machine, so as to adjust the concentration of the water and fertilizer solution. A mesh or laminated filter should also be arranged at the water inlet of the water and fertilizer integrated machine, so as to avoid impurities in the water storage tank or well water from entering the water and fertilizer integrated machine or clogging the pipeline.

[0044] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 12In the embodiment, the AIoT system includes a power management module, a control module, a wireless communication module, a data acquisition module, and a positioning module. The power management module is used to power the control module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module, and the positioning module. The wireless communication module, the data acquisition module, and the positioning module are electrically connected to the control module and are controlled by the control module. The inner wall 300 is provided with a soil tension sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a soil conductivity sensor to monitor the state of the soil environment in the cavity. A three-axis acceleration sensor is arranged on the outer wall 200 or the inner wall 300 to monitor the motion state of the device. The soil tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil conductivity sensor, and the three-axis acceleration sensor are electrically connected to the data acquisition module to transmit the monitoring data to the control module through the data acquisition module. The control module can communicate with the cloud server through the wireless communication module, use the AI model built on the cloud to analyze the growth trend of the plant, and give adjustment strategies to realize intelligent and digital control of the plant growth environment.

[0045] It can be understood that the control module can use a PLC programmable controller or an MCU controller, and the data acquisition module is an expansion module including a multi-channel analog input interface and supporting multiple communication protocols such as Modbus protocol, Ethernet protocol, or bus protocol. The positioning module can use a Beidou positioning module or a GPS positioning module, and the wireless communication module can use a LoRa module, an NB-IOT module, a 4G module, or a 5G module. The power management module includes a charge and discharge control circuit and a battery. In some embodiments, to further prolong the power supply time of the device, the power management module can also include a photovoltaic panel and / or a small wind turbine to continuously charge the battery pack through solar energy or wind power generation, and further improve the adaptability of the device to harsh environments.

[0046] In the embodiment, in order to further improve the control accuracy of the soil environment in the cavity, the inner wall 300 or the outer wall 200 is provided with a heating device and / or a refrigeration device, the control box 600 is provided with a driving control module, the driving control module is electrically connected with the control module and is controlled by the control module, and the heating device and the refrigeration device are electrically connected with the driving control module. In the embodiment, the heating device and the refrigeration device adopt semiconductor refrigeration sheets, and the semiconductor refrigeration sheets are arranged on the inner side of the inner wall 300 and are in contact with the soil. When the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the soil temperature is higher than the preset range, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet changes the input power polarity to work in the refrigeration mode, so that the cold surface faces the soil and the hot surface faces the inner wall 300, so as to reduce the soil temperature to the appropriate range; when the soil temperature is lower than the preset range, the driving control module changes the input power polarity of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to work in the heating mode, so that the hot surface faces the soil and the cold surface faces the inner wall 300, so as to raise the soil temperature back to the appropriate range. The air holes 310 and the air passages 320 on the inner wall 300 can quickly dissipate the heat or cold of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet to the outside of the device through the flowing gas under the action of thermal pressure, and at the same time, the semiconductor refrigeration sheet controls the temperature of the soil in the cavity to generate a temperature difference between the inside and outside of the device, generates a chimney effect, and makes the inside and outside air flow and circulate along the vertical air passage 320 under the driving of thermal pressure, so as to improve the ventilation effect of the device. It can be understood that the control valve or pump between the drip irrigation ring and the water and fertilizer integrated machine, the proportional adjusting device or pump at the water and fertilizer raw liquid inlet of the water and fertilizer integrated machine are also electrically connected with the driving control module.

[0047] With reference to Figure 10 and Figure 11In some embodiments, in order to further improve the control accuracy of the soil environment in the cavity, the rain cover 701 can be automatically opened and closed under the driving of the driving mechanism. The rain cover 701 is provided with an annular inner sliding rail 703 at the seedling supporting hole, the outer wall 200 is provided with an annular outer sliding rail 704 above, the inner and outer ends of the keel 702 are respectively provided with sliding holes matched with the diameters of the inner sliding rail 703 and the outer sliding rail 704, and the inner and outer ends of the keel 702 can slide along the inner sliding rail 703 and the outer sliding rail 704. The first edge of the rain cover 701 is fixed on the inner sliding rail 703 and the outer sliding rail 704, a controllable track vehicle is arranged on the outer sliding rail 704, and the outer end of the second edge of the rain cover 701 is connected with the track vehicle, which can be driven away from or close to the first edge of the rain cover 701 under the pushing of the track vehicle, so as to realize the automatic opening and closing of the rain cover 700. The motor of the track vehicle is electrically connected with the driving control module, and a rainfall sensor can be arranged on the outer wall 200 and electrically connected with the data acquisition module. The AI model in the cloud can adjust the opening degree of the rain cover 700 according to the parameters such as soil temperature, rainfall and soil humidity, so as to utilize the natural temperature, light and precipitation to assist in controlling the parameters of the soil environment in the cavity of the device, thereby reducing the power consumption required for controlling the environment in the cavity, and enabling the device to maintain self-sufficiency of electric energy for a longer period of time through solar energy or wind power. For example, when the soil humidity is low, the tension is high, and the soil is water-deficient, the rain cover 701 is opened at a certain angle, a part of the water is supplemented through natural precipitation, so as to reduce the power consumption required for driving the drip irrigation device and the water and fertilizer integrated machine. Or when the soil temperature is relatively low, the rain cover 701 is opened at a certain amplitude, the sunlight is utilized to assist in warming the soil in the cavity, so as to reduce the heating amount of the semiconductor cooling sheet and the power consumption required for driving the semiconductor cooling sheet. It can be understood that the driving control module is an expansion module with multiple IO interfaces and pulse output ports.

[0048] In some embodiments, the control box 600 is also provided with an electronic tag, which is a two-dimensional code or an RFID tag. The information in the electronic tag can be read by a mobile terminal such as a mobile phone, so as to obtain the state information of the device, and the replacement time of the fertilizer, the replaced fertilizer parameters and the like are written into the electronic tag when the fertilizer is replaced, so as to facilitate the recording of growth or maintenance information such as fertilizer replacement. In some embodiments, the control box 600 is also provided with an audible and visual alarm module, which is electrically connected with the control module. When the control module detects that the device is abnormally moving through the three-axis acceleration sensor, or detects that the parameters such as tension, conductivity or temperature and humidity of the soil deviate from the preset range seriously or other abnormal conditions, the audible and visual alarm module is controlled to issue an alarm, reminding the surrounding operators to handle the abnormality in time.

[0049] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, if there is a description of the orientation, such as the orientation or position relationship indicated by the above, below, front, back, left, right and the like, it is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed or operated in a particular orientation, and cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0050] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two and more than two, greater than, less than, more than and the like are understood as not including the number, above, below, within and the like are understood as including the number. If there is a description of first or second and the like, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0051] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting and the like should be broadly understood, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical scheme.

[0052] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any non-essential changes and replacements made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A modular planting equipment for root zone environment control, characterized in that: include: A mobile chassis (100) with universal wheels (110) mounted on the bottom; The outer wall (200) is made of a temperature-controlling material and is disposed on the mobile chassis (100), and together with the inner wall (300) forms a cavity capable of containing soil and limiting the growth of plant roots; An inner wall (300) is provided on the inner side of the outer wall (200), is made of a weather-resistant material, and is provided with a plurality of air holes (310), wherein the air holes (310) are connected to both sides of the inner wall (300), and a vertical air duct (320) is provided on the inner wall (300), wherein the air duct (320) connects the plurality of air holes (310) located in the same row, and the upper and lower ends of the air duct (320) are respectively connected to the outside through an air inlet and an air outlet; An AIoT system is provided in a control box (600) on the outer wall (200) and is used for soil environment monitoring, data collection and processing, and edge decision control of the device in the cavity. The inner wall (300) is detachably mounted on the inner side of the outer wall (200) by means of a threaded connection, and a honeycomb-shaped reinforcement structure (330) is provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the inner wall (300). The reinforcement structure (330) on the side of the inner wall (300) facing the outer wall (200) is composed of a plurality of closely arranged regular hexagonal ridges (332), and the reinforcement structure (330) on the inner surface of the inner wall (300) is composed of a plurality of closely arranged regular hexagonal grooves (331). The positions of the plurality of regular hexagonal ridges (332) on both sides of the inner wall (300) correspond one to one to the positions of the plurality of regular hexagonal grooves (331), and one of the air holes (310) is provided at the center of each of the regular hexagonal grooves (331).

2. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400) is provided on the inner side of the inner wall (300), and a solid fertilizer drawer (410) is slidably provided in the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400). A plurality of through holes are provided on the side wall of the solid fertilizer drawer (410), and the solid fertilizer drawer (410) can slide along the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400) in a vertical direction. When the solid fertilizer drawer (410) slides in the solid fertilizer quick-change bracket (400), the through holes of the solid fertilizer drawer (410) can cut off roots growing into the solid fertilizer drawer (410).

3. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compost isolation frame (500) is provided on the mobile chassis (100), the compost isolation frame (500) is provided in the inner wall (300), a top surface of the compost isolation frame (500) is provided with a plurality of through holes, a compost drawer (510) is provided inside the compost isolation frame (500) for sliding, the compost drawer (510) can slide along the compost isolation frame (500) in a horizontal direction, and when the compost drawer (510) slides in the compost isolation frame (500), the through holes of the compost isolation frame (500) can cut off roots growing into the compost drawer (510).

4. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical height gauge (340) is provided on the inner surface of the inner wall (300).

5. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central area of ​​the upper surface of the mobile chassis (100) is recessed downwards, and a drainage structure (120) is provided on the mobile chassis (100). One end of the drainage structure (120) is provided in the central area of ​​the mobile chassis (100), and the other end of the drainage structure (120) is communicated with the outside.

6. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AIoT system includes a power management module, a control module, a wireless communication module, a data acquisition module and a positioning module. The power management module is used to supply power to the control module, the wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module. The wireless communication module, the data acquisition module and the positioning module are all electrically connected to the control module. A soil tension sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a soil conductivity sensor are provided in the soil of the inner wall (300). A three-axis acceleration sensor is provided on the outer wall (200) or the inner wall (300). The soil tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the soil conductivity sensor and the three-axis acceleration sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

7. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 6, characterized in that: A heating device and a cooling device are provided on the inner wall (300) or the outer wall (200), and a drive control module is further provided in the control box (600). The drive control module is electrically connected to the control module, and the heating device and the cooling device are both electrically connected to the drive control module.

8. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control box (600) is also provided with an electronic tag.

9. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 7, characterized in that: A drip irrigation device is provided in the inner wall (300), the drip irrigation device is electrically connected to the drive control module, and the drip irrigation device is communicated with a water and fertilizer supply system.

10. The modular planting equipment for root zone environment control according to claim 7, characterized in that: A rain shielding device (700) is provided above the outer wall (200), a seedling hole for supporting a sapling to extend is provided in the middle of the rain shielding device (700), a seedling supporting rod (710) is passed through the seedling supporting hole, the rain shielding device (700) comprises a plurality of keels (702) and a rain shielding cloth (701), the rain shielding cloth (701) is fan-shaped, the seedling supporting hole is provided in the central area of ​​the rain shielding cloth (701), the keels (702) are radially distributed on the rain shielding cloth (701) at equal angles, an annular inner slide rail (703) is provided at the seedling supporting hole of the rain shielding cloth (701), an annular outer slide rail (704) is provided above the outer wall (200), and inner and outer ends of the keel (702) are provided with slide rails connected to the inner slide rail (703) and the outer slide rail (704). 4) has a sliding hole with a matching diameter, the inner and outer ends of the keel (702) can slide along the inner slide rail (703) and the outer slide rail (704) respectively, the first edge of the tarpaulin (701) is fixed on the inner slide rail (703) and the outer slide rail (704), a controllable rail car is provided on the outer slide rail (704), the outer end of the second edge of the tarpaulin (701) is connected to the rail car, the second edge of the tarpaulin (701) can be pushed away from or close to the first edge of the tarpaulin (701) by the rail car to realize the automatic opening and closing of the rain shielding device (700), the motor of the rail car is electrically connected to the drive control module, a rain sensor is provided on the outer wall (200), and the rain sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

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