Zero-emission planting and breeding circulation system based on multi-technology coupling

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-technology coupling-based zero-emission planting and breeding circulation system, which comprises a breeding farm, an earthworm composting device, a fish and vegetable symbiotic system, a three-stage sewage treatment tank and a diamond film electrode disinfection machine, and is characterized in that the fish and vegetable symbiotic system comprises a fish breeding pond and a vegetable area; the system integrates factors such as a farm, an earthworm composter, a fish and vegetable symbiotic system, a three-stage treatment pond and a diamond film electrode sterilizer, so that not only is closed circulation of'disinfection-purification-reuse 'of fish pond water realized, but also a sustainable agricultural mode of'manure + rotten vegetable-earthworm-(organic fertilizer + fish feed)-high-end special agricultural products' is formed; the problems that in a traditional planting and breeding mode, sewage purification is difficult, waste treatment is extensive, planting and breeding circulation is disjointed and the like are effectively solved, the mode construction of resource integration, collaborative innovation, zero emission and resource utilization is finally achieved, and the multi-win-win effect of enterprise development and income increase of common people is finally achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a zero-emission breeding circulation system based on multi-technology coupling, belonging to the technical field of harmless breeding. Background Art

[0002] The traditional livestock and poultry farming industry poses environmental pollution risks. Once untreated livestock and poultry waste enters the soil or water, the high concentration of organic matter rapidly depletes dissolved oxygen in the water, leading to hypoxia and suffocation of fish and other aquatic organisms. Undegraded feces contain heavy metals, antibiotics, pathogens, and parasite eggs, which can easily cause environmental pollution. Furthermore, nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater can cause eutrophication, leading to excessive algal blooms or red tides, disrupting the balance of aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, pathogens and parasite eggs in wastewater can spread through water, causing zoonotic diseases and threatening human health.

[0003] The current traditional livestock and poultry farming industry has the following problems in dealing with livestock and poultry farming waste: First, incomplete wastewater purification makes recycling difficult and can easily cause environmental pollution. Most farms lack efficient wastewater purification technology. Simple methods such as sedimentation and filtration are often used to treat wastewater, but these methods are ineffective in removing complex pollutants. Traditional methods cannot deeply purify aquaculture wastewater containing pathogens and chemicals, making it difficult to recycle treated water. Direct discharge of large amounts of wastewater can also pollute the environment.

[0004] Second, the extensive treatment of waste, including manure, poses pollution risks and results in low resource utilization. Currently, waste generated by livestock farming is mostly disposed of by directly returning it to the fields or simply dumping it in piles. Directly returning it to the fields may not kill pathogens and insect eggs in the manure, leading to soil contamination and the risk of pests and diseases. Simply dumping it in piles not only takes up a lot of land but also produces foul-smelling gases, polluting the atmosphere.

[0005] Third, the disconnect between planting and breeding leads to low resource utilization efficiency and poor ecological and economic benefits. Traditional planting and breeding are independent of each other, lacking a cohesive recycling system. Planting relies heavily on chemical fertilizers, and long-term use can lead to soil compaction and reduced fertility, making it difficult to achieve a win-win situation for both ecological and economic benefits.

[0006] Fourth, the water troughs installed in the farms are easily contaminated by harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms, feces and chemical pollutants. If they are not cleaned and disinfected in time, they can easily lead to large-scale digestive tract diseases in livestock and poultry, causing serious losses. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on the above reasons, the present invention provides a zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling, which realizes the emission reduction, harmless treatment and resource utilization of farm waste, so as to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology. This invention is not only conducive to the recycling of water resources and the protection of the ecological environment, but also conducive to the efficient utilization of resources and the production of high-quality green ecological agricultural products through the combination of breeding and farming, and ultimately produces a combined effect. By developing circular ecological agriculture, cost savings, quality improvement, and efficiency increase can be achieved, and the economic benefits of agriculture can be significantly improved. It can also provide ecological agricultural products to meet consumers' demand for mid-to-high-end agricultural products, with significant social and ecological benefits.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is based on a multi-technology coupled zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system, including a breeding farm, a vermicomposting device, a fish-vegetable symbiotic system, a three-stage sewage treatment tank and a diamond membrane electrode disinfector. The fish-vegetable symbiotic system includes a fish pond and a vegetable area. The farm adopts a manual or mechanical manure cleaning system to collect manure for aerobic fermentation. The fermented manure and the tail vegetables produced in the vegetable area are put into a vermicomposter. The vermicompost produced by earthworm metabolism is used as organic fertilizer for high-end vegetable planting. The earthworm bodies harvested by the vermicomposter are used as high-protein feed to feed fish or for raising chickens, and the bottom mud produced by the fish pond is used in the vegetable area; the sewage and urine collected in the farm's urination ditch are collected into a tertiary sewage treatment pool, and after tertiary sedimentation treatment, the solid and liquid are separated by a membrane filtration system, and the filter residue is returned to the vegetable planting area as organic fertilizer; the filtered water enters the fish pond, and the fish pond water in the fish pond enters the diamond membrane electrode disinfector for treatment. The active oxygen water produced at the cathode by the diamond membrane electrode disinfector is used for disinfection, and the water disinfected by the diamond membrane electrode disinfector and other aquaculture sewage flow into the collection pool, and after purification, are returned to the farm through the pipeline system.

[0009] The system integrates farms, earthworm composters, fish-vegetable symbiotic systems, tertiary treatment pools, diamond membrane electrode water purification systems and disinfection machines, etc. It not only realizes the "disinfection-purification-recycling" closed-loop cycle of water resources, but also forms a sustainable agricultural model of "feces + waste vegetables → earthworms → (organic fertilizer + fish feed) → agricultural products".

[0010] In one example, the fermentation time was 15 days, and the fermented feces and the waste vegetables produced in the vegetable area were put into the earthworm reactor in a ratio of 7:3.

[0011] In one example, the earthworm composter includes a plurality of stacked screen boxes, wherein the bottom array of the screen boxes is provided with mesh holes, and the diameter of the mesh holes is set to prevent feces and sewage from leaking out while allowing earthworms to drill out freely.

[0012] In one example, the diamond film electrode disinfection machine used is an electrochemical reaction device with a patent application number of 202411971932.0 and a publication date of March 18, 2025. The device can realize the closed-loop circulation of "disinfection-purification-recycling" of water resources. Under the action of the electric field, the diamond film electrode causes water molecules to undergo electrolysis reaction, producing superoxide water containing hydroxyl free radicals, hydrogen peroxide, etc., which produces a disinfection effect.

[0013] In one example, the three-level sewage treatment tank includes a first-level sedimentation tank, a second-level filtration tank and a third-level disinfection tank; the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level filtration tank and the third-level disinfection tank are arranged in sequence, the ditch of the farm is connected to the first-level collection tank, and a drainage pipe is provided between the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level filtration tank and the third-level disinfection tank. The sewage includes urine and wastewater for flushing pens, which is treated by membrane filtration through the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level filtration tank and the third-level disinfection tank.

[0014] In one example, the sources of fertilizer for the vegetable area of the fish-vegetable symbiotic system include farm sewage, urine filter residue after tertiary treatment, earthworm castings, and fish pond mud. The waste vegetables produced during vegetable planting and harvesting are used in earthworm composters. At the same time, water resources are recycled based on the fish-vegetable symbiotic system.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention couples a variety of technologies to form a coordinated organic whole between the farm and the fish-vegetable symbiotic system, forming an organic unity of the water supply system and sewage purification, the livestock manure treatment and resource utilization system and the breeding cycle system, and utilizing the diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine and the sewage purification system to realize the efficient purification and recycling of the breeding sewage; the farm manure and other wastes are subjected to dry-wet separation, composting and fermentation, etc., to produce fresh earthworms, earthworm castings and other products, and fully realize the resource utilization of waste; with the help of technologies such as the fish-vegetable symbiotic system, the planting and breeding links are closely integrated to achieve waste reduction and harmless treatment, improve ecological and economic benefits, and solve the problems of difficult and high cost of sewage purification, extensive waste treatment and disconnection of breeding cycle in the traditional breeding model.

[0016] In the sewage purification and water supply system, filtered sewage is purified and then fed into a diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine, which produces oxygenated water at the cathode for disinfection of water entering and leaving the farm. Treated conventional water, after being tested and found to meet livestock and poultry water standards, flows into a collection tank. The farm's sewage passes through a multi-stage sewage treatment tank and is filtered into the aquaculture pond before being returned to the diamond membrane electrode sewage purification system for deep purification. Part of the treated purified water is used in the aquaculture system, while the remaining part, once meeting standards, is returned to the farm's water supply system for recycling. Compared to traditional sewage purification methods that rely on simple sedimentation and filtration, this system can deeply remove complex pollutants from sewage, allowing the treated water to be recycled, solving the problem of traditional aquaculture sewage discharge polluting the environment and being difficult to recycle.

[0017] In the livestock manure treatment and resource utilization system, farm manure enters the vermicomposting process, producing vermicompost. Sewage and urine enter a tertiary sewage treatment tank, where they are filtered before entering the aquaponics system. The dry-wet separated wastewater undergoes sedimentation in multiple treatment tanks, removing most suspended solids. Further filtration is then performed using membrane technology, trapping tiny particles and some organic matter. The treated water then enters the aquaponics system. Unlike traditional methods of directly returning wastewater to the fields or simply dumping it, this system, through a series of treatments, enables resource utilization of wastewater.

[0018] In this aquaculture cycle, treated water, using multi-stage wastewater treatment tanks and membrane filtration technology, enters the aquaponics system. This water is enriched with nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus, derived from the decomposition of fish feces, providing nutrients for vegetable growth. Vegetables absorb nutrients through their roots and purify the water, providing a relatively clean living environment for fish, achieving a mutually beneficial symbiosis between aquaculture and cultivation. Aquaculture waste is processed and converted into vermicompost, a high-quality organic fertilizer used to grow novel and exotic vegetables. This organic fertilizer improves soil structure and fertility, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. The resulting organic vegetables and fish are of higher quality, forming a complete aquaculture cycle. This approach breaks the traditional model of independent aquaculture and cultivation, establishing a tightly knit cycle that minimizes aquaculture waste and recycles resources, improving both ecological and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a zero-emission breeding cycle system based on multi-technology coupling; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vermicomposter; Reference numerals: 1 screen box, 2 mesh. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily apparent, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Example 1 See also Figure 1 This embodiment is a zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling, including a breeding farm, a vermicomposting machine, a fish-vegetable symbiotic system, a tertiary sewage treatment pool and a diamond membrane electrode disinfector. The fish-vegetable symbiotic system includes a fish pond and a vegetable area.

[0022] The farm adopts a manual or mechanical manure cleaning system, and conducts aerobic fermentation of manure for 15 days. The fermented manure and the tail vegetables produced in the vegetable area are put into the earthworm composter at a ratio of 7:3. The earthworm manure produced by earthworm metabolism is used as organic fertilizer for vegetable planting, and the earthworm bodies harvested by the earthworm composter are used as high-protein feed to feed fish or for raising chickens. The bottom mud produced by the fish pond is used in the vegetable area; the sewage and urine collected in the urination ditch of the farm are collected into the tertiary sewage treatment pool, and after the tertiary sedimentation treatment, the solid and liquid are separated by the membrane filtration system, and the filter residue is reused in the vegetable planting area as organic fertilizer; the filtered water enters the fish pond, and the fish pond water in the fish pond enters the diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine for treatment, and the active oxygen water produced at the cathode of the diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine is used as disinfection water, and all-round and no-dead-angle disinfection is carried out on vehicles entering and leaving the farm; the conventional water disinfected by the diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine flows into the collection pool, and after biological disinfection (biological contact oxidation, aeration and oxygenation, denitrification and phosphorus removal, The water quality test shows that it meets the standards for livestock and poultry water. It is then recycled to the farm through a pipeline system, realizing a closed-loop cycle of "disinfection-purification-reuse".

[0023] It should be noted that the aforementioned diamond film electrode disinfector is an electrochemical reaction device, with patent application number 202411971932.0 and publication date March 18, 2025. Under the influence of an electric field, the diamond film electrode causes water molecules to undergo an electrolytic reaction, producing superoxide water containing hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and other substances. Hydroxyl radicals are highly oxidizing and can rapidly destroy the cellular structure of pathogenic microorganisms (such as bacteria and viruses) and parasite eggs in wastewater, as well as the chemical bonds of organic pollutants, achieving efficient disinfection and pollutant degradation. Compared to traditional sewage purification methods that rely on simple sedimentation and filtration, this device can deeply remove complex pollutants from wastewater, allowing the treated water to be recycled, addressing the problem of traditional aquaculture wastewater discharge polluting the environment and being difficult to reuse.

[0024] In order to improve the purification effect, the three-level sewage treatment pool includes a first-level sedimentation tank, a second-level filtration tank and a third-level disinfection tank; the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level filtration tank and the third-level disinfection tank are arranged in sequence, the farm ditch is connected to the first-level collection tank, and a drainage pipe is set between the first-level sedimentation tank, the second-level filtration tank and the third-level disinfection tank.

[0025] Within the farm, urine and wastewater from pen washes flow through drainage channels into the primary sedimentation tank. In the tank, insoluble and poorly soluble matter, such as silt and feces, settles to the bottom due to gravity, while lighter-than-water floating matter, such as hair and feed residue, floats to the surface. A drainage pipe, located 35 cm from the tank bottom, precisely intercepts the cleaner wastewater in the middle layer, effectively avoiding bottom sediment and surface debris. After initial filtration, the wastewater is transported to the secondary filtration tank for further treatment.

[0026] The secondary filtration tank, serving as the core purification unit, utilizes a treatment process that combines layered filtration with biological purification. A multi-layered physical filtration structure is constructed from bottom to top within the tank: a crushed stone layer, with its large pores, intercepts larger impurities in the wastewater. A coarse sand layer further filters smaller suspended solids. A coarse coal slag layer utilizes its porous properties to absorb some organic pollutants. Acrylic cotton and activated carbon layers, in turn, intercept tiny particles and absorb odors, pigments, and organic molecules. Simultaneously, aquatic plants such as duckweed and water hyacinth are planted on the surface of the tank. Their roots absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, degrading organic pollutants, significantly eliminating odors and improving water clarity. This multi-stage filtration and biological purification process effectively removes insoluble matter, odors, and some soluble pollutants from the wastewater, paving the way for subsequent discharge or reuse. The secondary filtration tank is a large filter composed, from bottom to top, of a crushed stone layer, a coarse sand layer, a coarse coal slag layer, acrylic cotton, activated carbon, and surface-cultured duckweed (water hyacinth). Planting aquatic plants can better eliminate odors in water, filter out more insoluble substances, and make the water cleaner.

[0027] The tertiary disinfection tank is a critical step in wastewater purification. After treatment in the primary sedimentation tank and secondary filtration tank, visible impurities in the wastewater are largely removed, but a large number of pathogens such as viruses and bacteria still remain. To ensure safe effluent quality, disinfectants are added to the tertiary disinfection tank for advanced treatment. Disinfectants, including strong oxidizing agents such as bleaching powder, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium trichloroisocyanurate, peracetic acid, and chlorine dioxide, are added to the water to eliminate microorganisms and bacteria. Calcium hypochlorite, the main component of bleaching powder, disinfects due to its strong oxidizing properties, but it is not very stable and is easily decomposed by light, temperature, and humidity, releasing a chlorine odor during use. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate has strong oxidizing properties and is highly effective in killing pathogens, but it has a chlorine odor and is corrosive. Sodium trichloroisocyanurate has strong oxidizing properties, making it a highly effective disinfectant, but it can easily produce nitrogen trichloride, a highly explosive substance, when exposed to moisture or high temperatures. Peracetic acid, while highly oxidizing, has a strong pungent odor and is chemically unstable, posing an explosion risk. In contrast, chlorine dioxide decomposes slowly in water, remains in pipe networks for a long time, diffuses rapidly, and can rapidly inactivate microorganisms at low concentrations. Its broad-spectrum bactericidal properties not only effectively kill various waterborne pathogens but also oxidize and remove harmful substances in the water, resulting in excellent disinfection effectiveness. This makes it an ideal disinfectant for tertiary disinfection pools.

[0028] To improve the fertilizer production effect, refer to Figure 2 The vermicomposter comprises two stacked screen boxes 1, each 60 cm long, 40 cm wide, and 30 cm high. Mesh holes 2 are arranged in an array at the bottom of the screen boxes 1. The diameter of the mesh holes 2 is set to prevent feces and sewage from leaking out while allowing earthworms to freely burrow out. In this embodiment, the diameter of the mesh holes 2 is 3 mm. During use, feces and sewage are placed in the vermicomposter and domesticated earthworms are added for biological treatment until the feces and sewage are completely converted into vermicompost. After the adaptively domesticated earthworms are introduced into the composter, they process the farm feces and sewage through their unique biological transformation function. During this process, the digestive enzymes secreted by the earthworms' intestines work synergistically with symbiotic microorganisms, and mechanical grinding and physical and chemical reactions in the digestive tract also play a role. Throughout the entire process, not only does the earthworms phagocytose and digest, but the earthworms' activity in the feces and sewage, combined with their special biological functions, accelerates the activity of microorganisms in the feces and sewage. The synergistic effect of the earthworms and microorganisms accelerates the decomposition and transformation of organic matter in the feces and sewage. Moreover, after the earthworms have processed the feces in the upper earthworm composter, they will automatically drill into the lower earthworm composter to process the feces; the earthworm feces in the upper earthworm composter will be taken out, and the breeding feces will continue to be added; the upper earthworm composter and the lower earthworm composter will be swapped up and down, and the cycle will be repeated in sequence.

[0029] The sources of fertilizer for the vegetable area of the fish-vegetable symbiotic system include the filter residue of farm sewage and urine after tertiary treatment, vermicompost, and fish pond mud. The waste vegetables produced during the vegetable planting and harvesting process are used in earthworm composters. At the same time, water resources are recycled based on the fish-vegetable symbiotic system.

[0030] Example 2 The earthworm domestication method used in Example 1 is as follows: S1. According to the composition characteristics of manure produced by circular ecological farming, select suitable earthworm species, put the eggs of the earthworm species into the farm manure for hatching and feeding until they reach sexual maturity.

[0031] S2, selecting healthy earthworms from the sexually mature earthworms and continuing to feed them with farm manure; screening out the earthworm eggs produced by mating and adding them back into the farm manure for hatching and feeding; S3, repeat S1 and S2 until the loss rate of earthworms fed with farm manure is stably lower than 1%, and then end the feeding and domestication of earthworms with farm manure and use them for manure fertilizer processing.

[0032] It should be noted that farm manure used for hatching or feeding should have a humidity of 60%-70%, a temperature of 15-28°C, and a pH of 6-8. Selecting appropriate earthworm species based on the composition of farm manure can improve earthworm survival and reproduction rates, accelerating their processing of farm manure. Directly adding earthworm eggs to farm manure allows the worms to adapt to the sludge immediately after hatching, thereby increasing their survival rate and acclimation speed. Using acclimated earthworms to treat farm manure alters its physical, chemical, and biological properties without the need for any conditioners or microbial agents. This prevents the harmful effects of anaerobic fermentation odors on earthworms while significantly reducing farm manure disposal costs.

[0033] In this embodiment, the earthworm species are Daping No. 2, Tainong No. 1, and Qinyou No. 1. Any number of these species can be selected for domestication. When two species are used, the weight proportion of each species is 40% to 60%. When three species are used, the weight proportion of each species is 20% to 60%. Inoculating the manure pile with only one species of earthworm facilitates earthworm breeding, reproduction, and management. Inoculating the manure pile with two or three species of earthworms facilitates the formation of staggered distribution channels of varying sizes within the manure pile, leveraging the differences in body shape and feeding habits. This allows different earthworms to separately consume organic particles of varying sizes and species within the manure, thereby accelerating manure processing and reducing farm manure treatment costs. Inoculating multiple earthworms in the recommended ratio allows the optimal ratio of each species to be utilized, achieving optimal manure treatment results.

Claims

1. Based on multi-technology coupling zero-emission breeding cycle system, it is characterized by: It includes a breeding farm, a vermicomposting device, a fish-vegetable symbiotic system, a tertiary sewage treatment pool, and a diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine. The fish-vegetable symbiotic system includes a fish pond and a vegetable area. The farm adopts a manual or mechanical manure cleaning system to collect manure for aerobic fermentation. After fermentation, the manure and the waste vegetables produced in the vegetable area are put into a vermicomposter. The earthworms metabolize to produce vermicompost as organic fertilizer for vegetable planting. The earthworm bodies harvested by the vermicomposter are used as high-protein feed to feed fish or for raising chickens, and the bottom mud produced in the fish pond is used in the vegetable area; the farm's urination ditch collects sewage and urine and flows them into a tertiary sewage treatment pool. After tertiary sedimentation treatment, the solid and liquid are separated by a membrane filtration system, and the filter residue is returned to the vegetable planting area as organic fertilizer; the filtered water enters the fish pond, and the fish pond water enters the diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine for treatment, and the active oxygen water produced at the cathode of the diamond membrane electrode disinfection machine is used for disinfection; the conventional water disinfected by the disinfection machine flows into the collection pool, and after biological purification treatment, it is returned to the farm through the pipeline system.

2. The zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that The fermentation time is 15 days, and the fermented feces and the tail vegetables produced in the vegetable area are put into the earthworm reactor in a ratio of 7:

3.

3. The zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The earthworm composter comprises a plurality of screen boxes stacked together. The bottom array of the screen boxes is provided with mesh holes. The diameter of the mesh holes is set to prevent excrement from leaking out while allowing earthworms to drill out freely.

4. The zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diamond film electrode disinfector used is an electrochemical reaction device. Under the action of the electric field, water molecules undergo electrolysis reaction to produce superoxide water containing hydroxyl free radicals, hydrogen peroxide, etc., which produces a disinfection effect.

5. The zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-stage sewage treatment pool includes a first-stage sedimentation tank, a second-stage filtration tank and a third-stage disinfection tank, which are arranged in sequence. The farm ditch is connected to the first-stage collection tank. A drainage pipe is set between the first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage filtration tank and the third-stage disinfection tank. The sewage includes urine and pen flushing water, which is treated by membrane filtration through the first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage filtration tank and the third-stage disinfection tank.

6. The zero-emission breeding and farming circulation system based on multi-technology coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sources of fertilizer for the vegetable area of the fish-vegetable symbiotic system include earthworm castings, urine residue filtered after tertiary treatment, earthworm castings, and fish pond mud. The waste vegetables produced during the vegetable planting and harvesting process are used in earthworm composters. At the same time, water resources are recycled based on the fish-vegetable symbiotic system.

Images