Method for domesticating and feeding pearl grouper on deep sea culture platform

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean aquaculture, in particular to a pearl gentian grouper deep sea culture platform domestication feeding method, which comprises the following steps: transporting transferred groupers to a culture cabin, enabling the water surface of the culture cabin to be flush with a fish inlet, and pumping water into the culture cabin to a target depth k after fish transportation is completed; after fish conveying is completed, feeding is stopped on the first day; on the next day, draining water from the culture cabin before feeding, feeding the water in the culture cabin to a first depth m which is smaller than a target depth k, observing whether a fish school takes food at the upstream within a preset time t and is not smaller than an expected scale s or not, and conveying water to the culture cabin after feeding is completed, so that the water level returns to the target depth k again; increasing 1m on the basis of the depth of the water body in the previous day for subsequent opportunity selection until the target depth k is reached. According to the feeding domestication method, the feeding habit of the pearl grouper entering the cabin is adjusted in time in a shallow feeding domestication mode and a deep feeding domestication mode, so that the pearl grouper can quickly adapt to a new culture environment, and a foundation is laid for successful subsequent culture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep-sea aquaculture, and discloses a method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform. Background Art

[0002] Deep-sea aquaculture can further expand the scope for marine fishery development, alleviate pressure on resources and ecosystems in my country's nearshore waters, and promote the overall development of my country's marine economy. Deep-sea aquaculture boasts vast expanses of water, excellent water quality, and favorable water exchange conditions. Tailwater discharges are well within the self-purification capacity of the sea, resulting in significant environmental capacity redundancy and minimal environmental impact on nearby waters. Furthermore, as the scope for marine fishery development expands, nearshore aquaculture density can be effectively controlled, reducing pollution emissions from nearshore marine aquaculture. This will benefit the recovery of nearshore marine ecosystems and the protection of the marine environment, as well as the recovery and sustainable utilization of key nearshore biological resources.

[0003] Pearl grouper, a key commercial fish species in China, has high requirements for aquaculture water environments. Traditionally, it has been farmed in cement tanks, elevated ponds, and fish cages. This is not only prone to disease and difficult to control, but also places significant strain on the surrounding environment. The transfer of fry from deep-sea aquaculture to deep-sea facilities, such as cages, aquaculture platforms, and workboats, is particularly critical. Fry newly transferred to deep-sea aquaculture facilities, such as cages, aquaculture platforms, and workboats, face significant differences from their land-based environments. Failure to promptly adjust feeding patterns, optimize feeding practices, and retrain the fry often leads to poor feeding and health, hindering growth and even causing significant fry losses. This makes it difficult to lay the foundation for future increases in stocking density for deep-sea grouper aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for domesticating pearl grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform. By adopting a shallow-to-deep-sea domestication mode, the feeding habits of the pearl grouper entering the cabin are adjusted in time, so that the grouper can quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment, laying the foundation for subsequent successful aquaculture.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform,

[0007] Step 1: Transport the transferred grouper to the culture tank. The water surface of the culture tank is flush with the fish inlet. After the fish are transported, pump water into the culture tank to the target depth k.

[0008] Stop feeding on the first day;

[0009] Step 2: The next day, before feeding, drain the culture tank to a first depth m, which is less than the target depth k. Feed is then added to observe whether the fish feed upstream within a predetermined time t and at a size no less than the expected size s. After feeding, water is added to the culture tank to return the water level to the target depth k.

[0010] If after feeding, the fish school fails to feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale not less than the expected size s, repeat step 2 the next day; if after feeding, the fish school feeds upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale not less than the expected size s, drain the culture tank before feeding the next day, and add 1m to the water depth of the previous day until the target depth k is reached.

[0011] Preferably, the target depth k of the breeding cabin is 6-8m, and the first depth m is 3m.

[0012] Preferably, the predetermined time t is 15s-30s, and the expected scale s is above 95%.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding time is regulated between 15:30 and 16:00.

[0014] Preferably, the fish are fed on the second day after the fish are transported, using a multi-point feeding method.

[0015] As a preferred method, a land-sea relay aquaculture platform is used, wherein the land-sea relay aquaculture platform comprises:

[0016] A breeding cabin, wherein the breeding cabin has an overflow pipe for discharging water in the breeding cabin to the side of the ship;

[0017] A water input system, wherein the output end of the water input system is connected to the aquaculture cabin and is used to output seawater to the aquaculture cabin;

[0018] An oxygenation system, wherein the output end of the oxygenation system is connected to the breeding cabin, and the oxygenation system is used to oxygenate the water in the breeding cabin.

[0019] Preferably, a drainage column is provided below the breeding cabin, and the drainage column includes an overflow pipe for discharging water out of the breeding cabin through the bottom of the breeding cabin;

[0020] The breeding cabin also includes an upper overflow pipe for discharging water from the upper part of the breeding cabin out of the breeding cabin.

[0021] Preferably, the oxygenation system includes an oxygenation pump, an oxygen cone and an oxygen cone pump, wherein the input end of the oxygen cone pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone, and the output end of the cone pump is connected to the breeding cabin. The oxygenation pump has two input ends, one output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the breeding cabin, and the other output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone.

[0022] The beneficial effects of using the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention transfers pearl grouper to a deep-sea multifunctional aquaculture platform via a land-sea relay farming model. At this depth, the bottom is opaque and pearl grouper are concentrated at the bottom. Land-based feeding methods may not achieve optimal feeding results after the transfer. The present invention uses a shallow-to-deep feeding model on the deep-sea aquaculture platform to promptly adjust the feeding habits of the incoming pearl grouper, enabling them to quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment and laying the foundation for subsequent successful aquaculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the domestication method of pearl gentian grouper in the deep-sea aquaculture platform.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the water circulation system of the aquaculture transfer platform.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the drainage and fish discharge system of the aquaculture transfer platform.

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the oxygenation system of the aquaculture transfer platform.

[0028] Reference numerals include:

[0029] 10-breeding cabin, 11-drainage column, 111-drainage hole, 12-water inlet pipe, 13-lower overflow pipe, 14-upper overflow

[0030] tube, 15-fish-sucking tube;

[0031] 20- oxygenation system, 21- oxygenation pump, 22- oxygen cone, 23- oxygen cone pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of this technical solution more clear, the following technical solution is further described in detail in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of this technical solution.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment describes in detail the specific steps of the method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper in a deep-sea aquaculture platform.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the grouper arrives at the platform through the land-sea relay mode of temporary breeding base - live fish transport vehicle - live fish transport ship - deep-sea platform, and enters the breeding cabin through the fish inlet and the fish inlet hose. At this time, the water depth is 5 meters (the fish inlet is 5 meters away from the breeding cabin). After the water pump is turned on, the overflow height is 7 meters, so the final water depth of the breeding water body is 7 meters.

[0036] Specifically, the volume of the breeding cabin is 12 meters, the width of the breeding cabin is 12 meters, and the height of the cabin is 9.75 meters.

[0037] The experimental fish fry consisted of 40,000 pearl grouper fry weighing 93.5 grams each. The stocking density was greater than 25 kg / m after reaching the market size of 1.2 catties. 3 The water body is superior to traditional pond and other aquaculture models. This is the first experiment in China and the density can be further increased in the future.

[0038] No feed was given on the first day. The fish had just been transported by land-sea relay, so feeding was stopped for one day. This also had a hunger-inducing effect on the subsequent training. The fish were observed to be in good condition after entering the cabin through underwater cameras.

[0039] Specifically, a high-definition camera is installed on each side of the aquaculture tank facing the side of the platform, providing a basic view of the underwater situation. During feeding, staff members hold a 20-meter-long underwater camera and move the handheld display to observe and capture real-time, high-definition images of the underwater situation in the aquaculture tank.

[0040] After the land-to-sea transfer, the fry need to adapt to their new breeding environment due to transportation and handling. At this time, the water level is lowered to about 3 meters and a small amount of feed is sprinkled. The fry will immediately gather and compete for food. Feeding should be stopped 1-2 days before transfer. Aggregation and competition for food are a key indicator. After raising the water level to 7 meters, underwater cameras are used to observe the fry swimming normally in groups, with smooth and undamaged surfaces, no dephosphorization, and no signs of debonding on the water surface. This is used to determine the grouper's condition.

[0041] On the second day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 3 meters, and feeding was attempted at multiple points. Through the underwater camera in the cabin and the handheld mobile camera, it was observed that more than 98% of the fish would swim upstream to feed within 15 seconds, and the feeding time was regulated between 15:30 and 16:00. After feeding was completed, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to a depth of 7 meters.

[0042] Specifically, before feeding, prepare the feed in the feed bin of the feeder, and use the 8-point feeding method, 4 corners plus 4 in the middle of the cabin. The feeder is at the tail of the platform. The blower blows out the feed particles. Connect the hose from the feeder to the cabin side. The feeding staff holds the hose for spraying. Sprinkle it clockwise for 5 times and then change to another point. During this period, observe the direction of the school of fish and try to spray it in front of the school of fish.

[0043] After the control room staff used underwater cameras to observe the majority of the fish swimming upstream, the assistant feeding personnel at the tank used handheld cameras to circle the tank and then move to the center to make a rough estimate. Later, it was discovered that approximately 1% to 2% of the fish had not adapted to the aquaculture tank environment due to poor transport, and their feeding habits were poor. They were unable to swim upstream to feed, resulting in small and emaciated bodies. In some feasible embodiments, an electronic counter can be used to capture underwater images using a camera. These images are then fed into an image recognition system. The captured images represent the bottom 1-2 meters of the water within the aquaculture tank, and the image recognition system automatically counts the bottom fish.

[0044] During the initial acclimation process, the water temperature hovered between 21.3 and 24°C, which is not the optimal growth temperature for grouper. Therefore, the feeding amount was determined based on the previous feeding, ranging from 1% to 1.5% of the total fish weight. Feeding was done once a day, forming a regular habit. Feeding generally does not sink during feeding, as grouper are ferocious eaters. Any sinking feed is discharged from the central drain along with the water changes. The central drain also serves as a sewage collection and drainage outlet. The drain cover has large holes, and the bottom of the tank is designed with a certain slope, so excrement and other waste are discharged with the water changes. The water is changed 18 to 24 times per day, far more frequently than in traditional cement tank flow-through models, and even higher than the number of cycles in roadbed recirculating aquaculture.

[0045] On the third day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 4 meters, and the fish were fed using a feeding machine according to the normal feeding amount. Within 15 seconds, more than 98% of the fish would swim to the water surface to feed. They had a fast feeding response and successfully adapted to the water depth. After the feeding was completed, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to a depth of 7 meters.

[0046] On the fourth day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 5 meters, and the fish were fed at normal amounts using a feeding machine. More than 98% of the fish went upstream to feed, but the concentrated upstream time exceeded 30 seconds, indicating that the fish feeding response needed to adapt to this water depth. After feeding was completed, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to a depth of 7 meters.

[0047] On the fifth day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 5 meters. The fish were fed in normal amounts using a feeding machine. Within 30 seconds, more than 98% of the fish swam to the surface of the water to feed, indicating that they had successfully adapted to the water depth. After the feeding was completed, the water pump was turned on to return the water level to a depth of 7 meters.

[0048] On the sixth day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 6 meters. The fish were fed in normal amounts using a feeding machine. More than 98% of the fish went upstream to feed, but the time exceeded 30 seconds, indicating that the fish's feeding response at this water depth also needed to adapt again. After feeding was completed, the water pump was turned on to bring the water level back to a depth of 7 meters.

[0049] On the seventh day, the drainage pump was turned on to lower the water level to 6 meters. Within 30 seconds, more than 98% of the fish swam to the water surface to feed, indicating that they had successfully adapted to the water depth. After feeding, the water pump was turned on to return the water level to 7 meters.

[0050] On the eighth day, the water level was maintained at 7 meters. The fish were fed in normal amounts using a feeding machine. More than 98% of the fish went upstream to feed, but the time exceeded 30 seconds. At this water depth, the fish's feeding response also needed to adapt again.

[0051] The subsequent feeding was carried out at a water depth of 7 meters. The fish were fed continuously to adapt and stabilize the feeding pattern. At the same time, feeding habits were formed. When it was time to feed, the fish would quickly and actively swim to the surface of the water to feed.

[0052] The present invention transfers pearl grouper to a deep-sea multifunctional aquaculture platform through a land-sea relay aquaculture model. The aquaculture cabin is 10 meters deep. When the water pump is turned on for circulation, the aquaculture water depth reaches 7 meters (the overflow height is 7 meters). At this water depth, the bottom is no longer transparent, and pearl grouper are mostly concentrated at the bottom. After the transfer is completed, land-based feeding methods may not achieve ideal feeding effects in the later stage. The present invention uses a shallow-to-deep feeding model on the deep-sea aquaculture platform to timely adjust the feeding habits of the pearl grouper entering the cabin, allowing them to quickly adapt to the new aquaculture environment and lay the foundation for subsequent successful aquaculture.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment proposes a breeding and transportation platform, which is used to cooperate with the above-mentioned pearl gentian grouper deep-sea breeding platform domestication method.

[0055] In order to solve the problems in the existing technology of difficulty in transporting pearl grouper and the quality degradation caused by lack of oxygen and other problems during transportation, the present invention proposes a deep-sea aquaculture and transportation platform for pearl grouper, the main body of which is a hull, and a plurality of breeding cabins 10 are arranged on the transfer platform along the length of the hull. The breeding cabins 10 are the basis for the transportation and aquaculture of pearl grouper.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, a drainage column 11 is provided at the bottom of the breeding cabin 10. The function of the drainage column 11 is to discharge the excess water in the breeding cabin 10 to the outside of the ship's side 30 through the lower overflow pipe 13. The overflow interface at the lower part of the drainage column 11 is connected to the lower overflow pipe 13. An upper overflow pipe 14 is provided at the upper position of the upper side wall of the breeding cabin 10. The upper overflow pipe 14 and the lower overflow pipe 13 together form the overflow pipe system of a single breeding cabin 10. A water inlet pipe 12 is provided on the side wall of the breeding cabin 10. The function of the water inlet pipe 12 is to transport water to the breeding cabin 10 through an external water input system or circulating water brought by the oxygenation system 20. In this embodiment, the water inlet pipe 12 is provided with a plurality of independent branch pipelines, and each branch pipeline is provided with a separately controlled valve body.

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, the drainage column 11 at the bottom of the culture chamber 10 is a multi-stage structure. Part of the drainage column 11 extends deep into the culture chamber 10 and has a drainage hole 111. A fish suction pipe 15 is connected to the disc-shaped area below the drainage column 11. That is, after closing the lower overflow pipe 13, the fish suction pipe 15 is opened, and the fish suction pump provided on the fish suction pipe 15 can be used to transport the pearl grouper in the culture chamber 10 to the offshore culture area.

[0058] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the oxygenation system 20 of the breeding cabin 10. In this embodiment, the active oxygenation system 20 provided in the breeding cabin 10 includes an oxygenation pump 21 and an oxygen cone 22. The oxygenation pump 21 has two output ends. The first output end of the oxygenation pump 21 is directly connected to the breeding cabin 10 through a pipeline, that is, after the oxygenation pump 21 is turned on, part of the oxygen is directly pumped into the water body of the breeding cabin 10 through the pipeline. In the oxygenation system 20, part of the oxygen output by the oxygenation pump 21 is transported to the oxygen cone 22 through a pipeline. In this embodiment, the oxygen cone 22 forms a circulation pipeline with the breeding cabin 10 through a pipeline, and an oxygen cone pump 23 is provided on the circulation pipeline between the oxygen cone 22 and the breeding cabin 10. The function of the oxygen cone pump 23 is to provide a driving force for water circulation. That is, when the oxygen content in the breeding cabin 10 is low, the oxygen pump 21, the oxygen cone 22 and the oxygen cone pump 23 are turned on, and the oxygen output by the oxygen pump 21 enters the oxygen exchange structure in the oxygen cone 22. The water output from the breeding cabin 10 is driven by the oxygen cone pump 23 to enter the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone 22 for oxygen exchange. After the oxygen exchange is completed, the oxygen-rich water circulates into the breeding cabin 10 through the pipeline, so as to achieve the effect of actively increasing the oxygen of the water in the breeding cabin 10.

[0059] The water input system in this embodiment can transport seawater from the ship's side into the aquaculture chamber 10. This seawater is rich in oxygen and various essential organic matter and microorganisms, which can optimize and replace the water inside the aquaculture chamber 10. When the water input system is activated, the interior of the aquaculture chamber 10 forms a seawater state similar to that found in natural conditions, which is beneficial for the survival and growth of pearl grouper. The water input system in this embodiment comprises a seawater inlet grating, which is located on the side of the ship's side, preferably on an inclined surface other than the front side, preferably on the bow side. The seawater inlet grating on the side of the ship has a large cavity at its rear, which is connected to the aquaculture chamber 10 via a pipe. When seawater passes through the seawater inlet grating and enters the cavity, the seawater can be non-dynamically pressed into the aquaculture chamber 10 due to the pressure difference between the water inside and outside the aquaculture chamber 10 and the cavity.

[0060] The cooperation of the above-mentioned pearl grouper deep-sea aquaculture and transshipment platform under various working conditions can provide better water conditions for the pearl grouper in the aquaculture cabin 10, optimize the aquaculture and transshipment environment, and provide a platform for the live water transshipment connection and transshipment process of the pearl grouper to ensure the quality and survival rate of the fry.

[0061] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. At the same time, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, many changes can be made in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present technical content. As long as these changes do not deviate from the concept of the present invention, they all fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform, characterized by: Step 1: Transport the transferred grouper to the culture tank. The water surface of the culture tank is flush with the fish inlet. After the fish are transported, pump water into the culture tank to the target depth k. Stop feeding on the first day; Step 2: The next day, before feeding, drain the culture tank to a first depth m, which is less than the target depth k. Feed is then added to observe whether the fish feed upstream within a predetermined time t and at a size no less than the expected size s. After feeding, water is added to the culture tank to return the water level to the target depth k. If after feeding, the fish school fails to feed upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale not less than the expected size s, repeat step 2 the next day; if after feeding, the fish school feeds upstream within the predetermined time t and at a scale not less than the expected size s, drain the culture tank before feeding the next day, and add 1m to the water depth of the previous day until the target depth k is reached.

2. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target depth k of the breeding cabin is 6-8m, and the first depth m is 3m.

3. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The predetermined time t is 15s-30s, and the expected scale s is above 95%.

4. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding time is regulated between 15:30 and 16:

00.

5. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fish were fed on the second day after the fish were transported, using a multi-point feeding method.

6. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A land-sea relay aquaculture platform is used, wherein the land-sea relay aquaculture platform comprises: A breeding cabin, wherein the breeding cabin has an overflow pipe for discharging water in the breeding cabin to the side of the ship; A water input system, wherein the output end of the water input system is connected to the aquaculture cabin and is used to output seawater to the aquaculture cabin; An oxygenation system, wherein the output end of the oxygenation system is connected to the breeding cabin, and the oxygenation system is used to oxygenate the water in the breeding cabin.

7. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: A drainage column is provided below the breeding cabin, and the drainage column includes an overflow pipe for discharging water out of the breeding cabin through the bottom of the breeding cabin; The breeding cabin also includes an upper overflow pipe for discharging water from the upper part of the breeding cabin out of the breeding cabin.

8. The method for domesticating pearl gentian grouper on a deep-sea aquaculture platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The oxygenation system includes an oxygenation pump, an oxygen cone and an oxygen cone pump, wherein the input end of the oxygen cone pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone, and the output end of the cone pump is connected to the breeding cabin. The oxygenation pump has two input ends, one output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the breeding cabin, and the other output end of the oxygenation pump is connected to the oxygen exchange structure of the oxygen cone.

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