Scum and crystal co-processing equipment for biogas digester

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wastewater biogas treatment, and discloses a dross and crystallization co-treatment device for a biogas digester, which comprises a biogas digester, and an automatic dross removal system, a crystallization control system and a water inlet system arranged in the biogas digester, the automatic dross removal system comprises a nylon rope crossing the water surface in the biogas digester, two ends of the nylon rope are fixed on a dam opposite to the biogas digester, the middle of the nylon rope is fixedly connected with a slag-stopping floating pipe, two sides of the slag-stopping floating pipe are connected in series with a plurality of slag-stopping buoys through the nylon rope, the other side of each slag-stopping buoy is connected with a circular-truncated-cone-shaped buoy, the bottom end of each circular-truncated-cone-shaped buoy is provided with a slag outlet pipe, and the other end, far away from the circular-truncated-cone-shaped buoy, of each slag outlet pipe is connected with a connecting pipe. According to the device, automatic collection and intermittent discharge of scum can be realized, the automatic scum removal effect of the biogas digester can be realized by cooperating with a crystallization control system, crystals in water can be effectively reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater biogas treatment, in particular to a scum and crystallization coordinated treatment device for a biogas tank. Background Art

[0002] Black film biogas digesters, widely used as anaerobic fermentation systems for agricultural waste treatment, organic fertilizer production, clean energy, and biogas production, have experienced rapid development and promotion worldwide in recent years. With relatively low investment costs, simple operation and maintenance, and high fermentation efficiency, they demonstrate significant application potential in livestock and poultry farming, agricultural product processing, and other fields. In actual operation, to ensure stable and efficient biogas digester operation and high biogas production, the industry typically implements a series of measures to manage scum generated on the digester surface and address potential crystallization issues in the outlet pipes through physical or chemical means. These management practices are crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of biogas digesters and are a focus of current technological research and application.

[0003] However, within the existing technological framework, scum management and crystallization control in biogas digesters still face numerous challenges, failing to achieve ideal efficiency and economy. The current mainstream methods for cleaning scum from the digester surface include regular manual salvage and mechanical scraping. While manual salvage is straightforward, it is labor-intensive, and the airtightness and safety of the operating environment are difficult to effectively guarantee. Furthermore, scum removal efficiency is significantly affected by human factors. While mechanical scraping equipment can improve some automation levels, it often requires a high investment. Furthermore, when dealing with irregularly shaped or spatially confined black film digesters, its adaptability and cleaning coverage are limited, making it difficult to completely and thoroughly remove scum. Furthermore, there is a risk of biogas leakage, which conflicts with the core advantage of the black film digester's sealed gas production. Furthermore, the mineral ions rich in biogas slurry easily form crystals such as magnesium ammonium phosphate or calcium carbonate on the inner wall of the outlet pipe. These crystals gradually reduce the cross-sectional area of the pipe, directly affecting the biogas slurry delivery efficiency and even causing pipe blockage, forcing the system to shut down for maintenance. Currently, the main approach to addressing crystallization issues is regular high-pressure water jet flushing or chemical immersion. These methods are not only labor-intensive and resource-intensive, but frequent physical cleaning can also cause wear and tear on the pipes, while the use of chemicals can lead to corrosion, increase treatment costs, and cause secondary environmental pollution. Furthermore, existing technologies lack real-time awareness of the crystallization process, often requiring only passive intervention after the problem manifests. This makes it difficult to achieve proactive prevention and precise control, resulting in delayed and inefficient maintenance. The overall technology fails to dynamically adjust to the actual crystallization state, making it difficult to achieve an optimal balance between energy consumption and effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks, which solves the problems of low cleaning efficiency of liquid surface scum accumulation, high operation risk, easy crystallization and blockage of the outlet pipe, high maintenance cost and lack of intelligent prevention and precise control of crystallization during the operation of existing black film biogas tanks.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a slag and crystallization coordinated processing device for a biogas tank, comprising a biogas tank, and also comprising an automatic slag removal system, a crystallization control system and a water inlet system, wherein the biogas tank is provided with an automatic slag removal system, the automatic slag removal system comprising a nylon rope across the water surface in the biogas tank, both ends of the nylon rope being fixed on a dam opposite to the biogas tank, a slag stopping float pipe being fixedly connected in the middle of the nylon rope, a plurality of slag stopping buoys being connected in series on both sides of the slag stopping float pipe through nylon ropes, a frustum-shaped buoy being connected to the other side of the slag stopping buoy, a slag discharge pipe being provided at the bottom end of the frustum-shaped buoy, and a connecting pipe being connected to the other end of the slag discharge pipe away from the frustum-shaped buoy;

[0006] The crystallization control system is in communication with the biogas tank and can reduce the crystallization of water flowing out of the biogas tank;

[0007] The water inlet system is connected to the biogas tank for further removing slag and returning the water after removing slag to the biogas tank.

[0008] Preferably, a groove is provided on one side of the slag-stopping buoy, and a protrusion is fixed on the other side of the slag-stopping buoy. The slag-stopping buoys are engaged with each other by inserting the protrusion in one slag-stopping buoy into the groove of the other slag-stopping buoy.

[0009] Preferably, the truncated cone shaped float is designed with a double layer on all sides to form a closed space that can be filled with water, and the water is injected through the rubber plug arranged on it. The middle of the truncated cone shaped float is a hollow structure, and a one-way flap is arranged in the hollow structure of the truncated cone shaped float. The two ends of the one-way flap are fixed with rotating blocks that can rotate in the truncated cone shaped float, and a rebound spring is arranged between the rotating block and the truncated cone shaped float.

[0010] Preferably, a slag blocking mechanism is further provided in the biogas tank, and the slag blocking mechanism includes four slag blocking plates, which are fixed in the biogas tank by fixing screws, and each slag blocking plate is fixed by a clamp to form a square structure, and a plurality of through holes are opened inside the slag blocking plate, and the slag blocking float is fixed to the upper end of the slag blocking plate by a clamp, and a water outlet pipe is provided in the slag blocking mechanism, and the water outlet pipe extends to the outside of the biogas tank and is connected with the crystallization control system.

[0011] Preferably, the water inlet system includes symmetrically arranged water inlet manholes, each of which is connected to a connecting pipe, and each of which is internally provided with a lifting pump.

[0012] Preferably, one side of the water inlet manhole is connected to a slag removal well through a water pipe, a plurality of grating plates are provided inside the slag removal well, a water pipe is provided on the side of the slag removal well away from the grating plates, and the water pipe is connected to the biogas tank through a water inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the crystallization control system includes a flange inspection well and an intelligent control system. The water outlet pipe passes through the flange inspection well and is connected to the water outlet manhole. A detachable reducing flange is provided in the middle of the water outlet pipe. The water inlet end of the water outlet pipe is provided inside the slag retaining mechanism, and the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe is provided in the water outlet manhole. A manhole water outlet pipe 1 higher than the height of the detachable reducing flange is provided inside the water outlet manhole. A manhole water outlet pipe 2 is fixed to the bottom end of the manhole water outlet pipe 1, a manhole water outlet pipe 3 is fixed to the end of the manhole water outlet pipe 2 away from the manhole water outlet pipe 1, and a stilling tank is fixed to the end of the manhole water outlet pipe 3 away from the manhole water outlet pipe 2. A plurality of aeration disks distributed in a rectangular array are provided inside the water outlet manhole and the stilling tank.

[0014] Preferably, an aeration pipe is fixed to the bottom of each aeration plate, and a fan box is provided at the bottom of each aeration pipe. A plurality of fans are provided inside the fan box, which can transmit air to the aeration plate through the aeration pipe for aeration.

[0015] Preferably, an aeration hose is provided in the pipeline connecting the manhole water outlet pipe 1, the manhole water outlet pipe 2 and the manhole water outlet pipe 3, and the aeration hose passes through an aeration pipe and is connected to the fan in the fan box for aeration.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes:

[0017] A sensing module comprising:

[0018] An ultrasonic acoustic impedance sensor array is deployed on the outlet pipe after the detachable reducing flange to collect ultrasonic echo data from the inner wall of the pipe in real time to obtain information on the thickness of the crystal layer.

[0019] A microelectrode array sensor is deployed on the outlet pipe after the detachable reducer flange to collect real-time conductivity data in the fluid and obtain information on the trend of crystal nucleation.

[0020] A data fusion and prediction module, connected to the sensing module, is used to fuse the ultrasonic echo data with the microelectrode array sensor data to generate a comprehensive crystallization index and a crystal growth rate prediction factor for the pipeline, and to predict the crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion force of the pipeline within a preset time period in the future through a deep learning model based on historical operating parameters and the comprehensive crystallization index and the crystal growth rate prediction factor;

[0021] An intelligent decision-making module, which is connected to the data fusion and prediction module, is used to dynamically generate the optimal aeration control strategy through a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the predicted crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion, as well as the preset crystallization control target and energy consumption optimization target. The strategy includes aeration intensity, pulse frequency, pulse duration, and pulse waveform parameters;

[0022] The execution module is connected to the intelligent decision-making module and is used to accurately adjust the airflow generated by the fan in the fan box to the aeration disk through the aeration pipe according to the optimal aeration control strategy.

[0023] The present invention provides a scum and crystallization co-processing device for a biogas tank, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention realizes the automatic collection and intermittent discharge of scum by the coordination between the scum plate, scum float tube, scum float and truncated cone float structures. It does not require manual intervention and has extremely high efficiency. Compared with the scum cleaning method in the prior art that relies on manual salvage or simple mechanical scraping, this solution solves the shortcomings of low efficiency, high operation intensity and incomplete cleaning. By converting the traditional passive cleaning into active discharge through structural coordination, the operating cost can be reduced, making the biogas tank scum treatment process more convenient and safe, and it is especially suitable for the scum treatment of black film biogas tanks. Moreover, the device cooperates with the crystallization control system to effectively improve the crystallization of water and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0025] 2. The present invention effectively suppresses crystallization in the outlet pipe and reduces the chance of crystallization attachment through the coordination between structures such as the detachable reducing flange, the aeration plate and the aeration hose, thereby achieving the effect of synergistically suppressing crystallization through multi-point physical intervention. Compared with the existing technology that usually relies on regular high-intensity physical cleaning or large-scale chemical agent addition to deal with crystallization, the present invention solves the defects of the method being time-consuming and labor-intensive, and prone to equipment corrosion and secondary pollution, thereby greatly extending the service life of the pipeline system and significantly reducing the frequency and cost of operation and maintenance.

[0026] 3. This invention uses multimodal sensor fusion and deep learning prediction to accurately predict the crystallization state of the pipeline, completely overcoming the blind spot of existing technologies that cannot perceive and predict crystallization trends in real time. Furthermore, the introduction of a reinforcement learning algorithm dynamically optimizes the aeration strategy, breaking the rigidity of traditional timed aeration. This enables the system to adaptively and precisely adjust aeration based on real-time prediction results, improving crystallization removal efficiency while significantly reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional left view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the biogas tank structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the crystallization control system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of a truncated cone buoy of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slag retaining buoy of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a module framework diagram of the intelligent system of the present invention.

[0035] Among them: 1. Automatic slag removal system; 2. Crystallization control system; 3. Water inlet system; 4. Slag retaining plate; 5. Through hole; 6. Cone-shaped buoy; 7. Slag retaining pipe; 8. Clamp; 9. Fixing screw; 10. Nylon rope; 11. Slag retaining buoy; 12. Slag discharge pipe; 13. Water inlet manhole; 14. Slag removal well; 15. Biogas tank; 16. Grille plate; 17. Water pipe; 18. Connecting pipe; 19. Lifting pump; 20. Flange inspection well. 21. Water outlet manhole; 22. Water outlet pipe; 23. Water inlet; 24. Removable reducing flange; 25. Aeration plate; 26. Aeration pipe; 27. Manhole outlet pipe 1; 28. Aeration hose; 29. Manhole outlet pipe 2; 30. Manhole outlet pipe 3; 31. Fan box; 32. Stilling tank; 33. Groove; 34. Bump; 35. Rubber plug; 36. One-way flap; 37. Rotating block; 38. Rebound spring; 39. Slag retaining mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a scum and crystallization coordinated processing device for a biogas tank (especially suitable for a black film biogas tank), comprising a biogas tank 15 and an automatic scum removal system 1, a crystallization control system 2 and a water inlet system 3 provided in the biogas tank 15, the automatic scum removal system 1 comprising a nylon rope 10 across the water surface in the biogas tank 15, both ends of the nylon rope 10 being fixed on the embankment opposite to the biogas tank 15, a scum stop float 7 being fixedly connected in the middle of the nylon rope 10, a plurality of scum stop floats 11 being connected in series on both sides of the scum stop float 7 through the nylon rope 10, a frustum-shaped float 6 being connected to the other side of the scum stop float 11, a scum discharge pipe 12 being provided at the bottom end of the frustum-shaped float 6, and a connecting pipe 18 being connected to the other end of the scum discharge pipe 12 away from the frustum-shaped float 6;

[0038] The crystallization control system 2 is in communication with the biogas tank 15 and can reduce the crystallization of the water flowing out of the biogas tank 15;

[0039] The water inlet system 3 is connected to the biogas tank 15 for further removing slag and returning the water after removing slag to the biogas tank 15 .

[0040] A groove 33 is formed on one side of the slag stop buoy 11, and a protrusion 34 is fixed on the other side of the slag stop buoy 11. The slag stop buoys 11 are engaged with each other by inserting the protrusion 34 in one slag stop buoy 11 into the groove 33 of the other slag stop buoy 11.

[0041] The truncated cone shaped buoy 6 is double-layered around, forming a closed space that can be filled with water. Water is injected through the rubber plug 35 provided thereon. The center of the truncated cone shaped buoy 6 is a hollow structure.

[0042] A one-way flap 36 is provided in the hollow structure of the truncated cone buoy 6 , and rotating blocks 37 that can rotate in the truncated cone buoy 6 are fixed at both ends of the one-way flap 36 , and a rebound spring 38 is provided between the rotating block 37 and the truncated cone buoy 6 .

[0043] Specifically, in the biogas tank 15, the slag-blocking float pipe 7 fixed by a nylon rope 10 and the slag-blocking floats 11 connected in series on both sides float on the water surface of the biogas tank 15 and span the entire water surface of the biogas tank 15, playing a major role in intercepting the slag on the water surface of the biogas tank 15;

[0044] In order to guide and collect scum more effectively, the other side of the scum stopping float 11 is connected to a truncated cone shaped float 6, which is cleverly connected to the scum stopping float tube 7 by a nylon rope 10, and a plurality of scum stopping floats 11 are connected in series on the outer wall of the nylon rope 10 between the truncated cone shaped float 6 and the scum stopping float tube 7. The number of scum stopping floats 11 can be adjusted according to the size of the biogas tank 15 to ensure that the scum stopping floats 11 and the scum stopping float tube 7 connected in series by the nylon rope 10 can span the water surface of the biogas tank 15; a groove 33 is provided on one side of each scum stopping float 11, and a protrusion 34 is fixed on the other side. This interlocking connection method enables the scum stopping floats 11 to be closely connected to each other, forming a continuous and flexible floating barrier, which effectively guides the liquid surface scum to the collection area of the truncated cone shaped float 6;

[0045] The design of the truncated cone shaped float 6 is the key to achieving automatic discharge of scum: the truncated cone shaped float 6 is a hollow structure, and is a funnel-shaped design with a large opening at the upper end and a small opening at the lower end. It is double-layered on all sides to form a closed space that can be filled with water. Water can be injected into the closed space around it through the rubber plug 35, so that the top surface of the truncated cone shaped float 6 is level with the water surface or slightly lower than the water surface. As a result, the scum intercepted by the slag blocking float 11 and the slag blocking float tube 7 can flow into the truncated cone shaped float 6 through the action of water flow. The one-way flap 36 in the hollow structure of the truncated cone buoy 6 is the core component; fixed at both ends of the one-way flap 36 are rotating blocks 37 that can rotate flexibly in the truncated cone buoy 6, and the rebound force is provided by the rebound spring 38; when the scum accumulates in the truncated cone buoy 6 to a certain amount, the buoy 6 sinks due to the increase of gravity; at this time, the one-way flap 36 is pressed open, so that the scum can be discharged smoothly through the scum discharge pipe 12 connected to the bottom end; once the scum is discharged, the gravity of the buoy 6 is reduced, and under the action of the rebound spring 38, The one-way flap 36 quickly resets and closes, thereby effectively reducing the overflow of methane and preparing for the next scum collection. The automatic lifting mechanism of the frustum-shaped float 6 ensures the uninterrupted collection and discharge of scum, and improves the scum removal efficiency. The slag discharge pipe 12 is a hose with a stainless steel wire inside. The stainless steel wire plays the role of fixing the properties of the hose. The design of the hose can be flexibly connected to the frustum-shaped float 6 and can float up and down with the frustum-shaped float 6, which is convenient for the collection and discharge of scum, and also convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0046] Moreover, the other end of the slag discharge pipe 12 away from the truncated cone shaped float 6 is connected to a connecting pipe 18, which can transport the slag in the truncated cone shaped float 6 to the water inlet system 3 for further slag removal.

[0047] The biogas tank 15 is also provided with a slag retaining mechanism 39. The slag retaining mechanism 39 includes four slag retaining plates 4, which are fixed to the biogas tank 15 via fixing screws 9. Each slag retaining plate 4 is fixed by a clamp 8 to form a square structure. The slag retaining plates 4 have multiple through holes 5 formed therein. A slag retaining float 7 is fixed to the upper end of the slag retaining plate 4 via a clamp. Fixing the slag retaining float 7 to the slag retaining plate 4 stabilizes the slag retaining float 7 and facilitates the interception of slag. An outlet pipe 22 is provided within the slag retaining mechanism 39, which extends outside the biogas tank 15 and communicates with the crystallization control system 2. The slag retaining mechanism 39 retains slag outside the slag retaining plates 4, ensuring that the water flowing out of the outlet pipe 22 within the slag retaining mechanism 39 does not contain slag, thereby effectively preventing slag from flowing into the crystallization control system 2.

[0048] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The water inlet system 3 includes symmetrically arranged water inlet manholes 13, each of which is connected to a connecting pipe 18, and a lifting pump 19 is provided inside the water inlet manhole 13;

[0049] One side of the water inlet manhole 13 is connected to the slag removal well 14 through a water pipe. Multiple grille plates 16 are provided inside the slag removal well 14. A water pipe 17 is provided on the side of the slag removal well 14 away from the grille plates 16. The water pipe 17 is connected to the biogas tank 15 through the water inlet 23.

[0050] Specifically, the water inlet manhole 13 is the starting point of the entire circulation path. They are all closely connected to the connecting pipe 18, allowing the slag liquid to enter the water inlet manhole 13 smoothly. In addition, each water inlet manhole 13 is equipped with a lifting pump 19. These lifting pumps 19 can effectively lift the slag liquid entering the manhole and transport it to the next step, overcoming the limitation of gravity and ensuring the continuity of water flow and treatment efficiency.

[0051] To further purify the sludge liquid discharged from the biogas tank 15, one side of each water inlet manhole 13 is connected to a sludge removal well 14 via a water pipe. Multiple grating plates 16 are installed inside the sludge removal well 14. These grating plates 16 constitute a key link in physical filtration. They can further effectively intercept and separate solid impurities and residual scum in the water, preventing these substances from entering subsequent systems and causing blockages or affecting the normal operation of the biogas tank, thereby improving the cleanliness of the return water.

[0052] The water that has been preliminarily filtered by the grid plate 16 is further transported from the water pipe 17 on the slag removal well 14; the biogas tank 15 is provided with a water inlet 23, and the water pipe 17 is connected to the biogas tank 15 through the water inlet 23; the pretreated sewage is evenly returned to the biogas tank 15; this closed-loop design not only realizes the effective recycling of water resources, but also reduces the demand for water supply.

[0053] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 The crystallization control system 2 includes a flange inspection well 20 and an intelligent control system. The outlet pipe 22 passes through the flange inspection well 20 and is connected to the outlet manhole 21. A detachable reducing flange 24 is provided in the middle of the outlet pipe 22. The water inlet end of the outlet pipe 22 is provided inside the slag blocking mechanism 39, and the water outlet end of the outlet pipe 22 is provided in the outlet manhole 21. The slag is blocked outside the slag blocking plate 4 by the slag blocking mechanism 39. The water in the outlet pipe 22 with the water inlet end provided inside the slag blocking mechanism 39 will not contain slag, which can effectively To prevent slag from flowing into the crystallization control system 2, a manhole outlet pipe 1 27 higher than the detachable reducing flange 24 is provided inside the outlet manhole 21. A manhole outlet pipe 29 is fixed to the bottom end of the manhole outlet pipe 1 27. A manhole outlet pipe 30 is fixed to the end of the manhole outlet pipe 2 29 away from the manhole outlet pipe 1 27. A stilling tank 32 is fixed to the end of the manhole outlet pipe 30 away from the manhole outlet pipe 2 29. A plurality of aeration disks 25 distributed in a rectangular array are provided inside the outlet manhole 21 and the stilling tank 32.

[0054] The bottom of the aeration plate 25 is fixed with an aeration pipe 26, and the bottom of the aeration pipe 26 is provided with a fan box 31. The fan box 31 is provided with multiple fans, which can be transmitted to the aeration plate 25 through the aeration pipe 26 for aeration;

[0055] An aeration hose 28 is provided in the pipeline connecting the manhole water outlet pipe 1 27, the manhole water outlet pipe 2 29 and the manhole water outlet pipe 3 30. The aeration hose 28 is far away from the outlet manhole 21 and passes through an aeration pipe 26 to connect to the fan in the fan box 31 for aeration.

[0056] Specifically, a detachable reducing flange 24 is provided in the middle of the outlet pipe 22, which can increase the water flow rate by reducing the diameter of the pipe. The increase in flow rate can effectively reduce the residence time of ions in the solution on the pipe wall, reducing the probability of crystal nucleation and attachment growth, thereby inhibiting early crystallization.

[0057] After passing through the reducing flange 24, the water flows into the water outlet manhole 21; the interior of the water outlet manhole 21 is connected to a unique multi-section water outlet pipe, including manhole water outlet pipe 1 27, manhole water outlet pipe 2 29 and manhole water outlet pipe 3 30; manhole water outlet pipe 1 27 is vertically arranged, manhole water outlet pipe 2 29 is designed to be oblique, and manhole water outlet pipe 3 30 is horizontally arranged. Manhole water outlet pipe 1 27 is connected to manhole water outlet pipe 2 29 at an angle of 135°, and manhole water outlet pipe 2 29 is connected to manhole water outlet pipe 3 30 at an angle of 145°. These pipes are connected to each other at specific angles, which ensure that the water flow always maintains a high flow rate in the process of leaving the water outlet manhole 21 and flowing to the stilling tank 32, further reducing the formation of crystals;

[0058] To more proactively intervene in the crystallization process, multiple aeration discs 25 arranged in a rectangular array are installed inside the outlet manhole 21 and the stilling tank 32. The bottom ends of these aeration discs 25 are connected to aeration tubes 26, which in turn are connected to a fan box 31 containing multiple fans. The fans within the fan box 31 generate a powerful airflow, which is precisely delivered to the aeration discs 25 through the aeration tubes 26. When the airflow is ejected from the aeration discs 25, it forms fine bubbles in the water, strongly disturbing the water flow. This continuous or intermittent aeration disturbance effectively disrupts the directional arrangement of crystal nuclei in the solution, making it difficult for them to stably attach and grow on the tube wall, thereby significantly reducing the formation of crystals.

[0059] In addition, an aeration hose 28 is provided inside the pipeline connecting the manhole water outlet pipe 1 27, the manhole water outlet pipe 2 29 and the manhole water outlet pipe 3 30; the aeration hose 28 is directly connected to the fan in the fan box 31 by being connected to an aeration pipe 26; when the fan is started and the gas is released through the aeration hose 28, a strong airflow shear force will be generated near the inner wall of the pipe; this shear force can physically peel off the initial crystallization layer that has been formed but not yet firmly attached, and take it away from the pipe wall, effectively reducing the risk of pipe blockage and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0060] See also Figure 8 , Intelligent control system includes:

[0061] A sensing module comprising:

[0062] An ultrasonic acoustic impedance sensor array is deployed at the outlet pipe 22 after the detachable reducing flange 24 to collect ultrasonic echo data from the inner wall of the pipe in real time to obtain information on the thickness of the crystal layer;

[0063] A microelectrode array sensor is deployed at the outlet pipe 22 after the detachable reducing flange 24 to collect real-time conductivity data in the fluid and obtain information on the trend of crystal nucleation;

[0064] A data fusion and prediction module, connected to the sensing module, is used to fuse the ultrasonic echo data with the microelectrode array sensor data to generate a comprehensive crystallization index and a crystal growth rate prediction factor for the pipeline, and to predict the crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion force of the pipeline within a preset time period in the future through a deep learning model based on historical operating parameters and the comprehensive crystallization index and the crystal growth rate prediction factor;

[0065] An intelligent decision-making module, which is connected to the data fusion and prediction module, is used to dynamically generate the optimal aeration control strategy through a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the predicted crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion, as well as the preset crystallization control target and energy consumption optimization target. The strategy includes aeration intensity, pulse frequency, pulse duration, and pulse waveform parameters;

[0066] The execution module is connected to the intelligent decision module and is used to accurately adjust the airflow generated by the fan in the fan box 31 to the aeration plate 25 through the aeration pipe 26 according to the optimal aeration control strategy.

[0067] Specifically, the sensing module includes an ultrasonic acoustic impedance sensor array and a microelectrode array sensor. The ultrasonic acoustic impedance sensor array is used to collect ultrasonic echo data from the inner wall of the pipeline in real time. By analyzing the echo data, the system can obtain information about the thickness of the crystal layer inside the pipeline. The microelectrode array sensor collects real-time conductivity data in the fluid and then obtains information about the ion saturation of the solution, which is used to characterize the trend of crystal nucleation formation.

[0068] The data fusion and prediction module first fuses the ultrasonic echo data and microelectrode array sensor data obtained from the sensing module. This fusion process can generate a comprehensive crystallization index and a crystal growth rate prediction factor for the pipeline. For example, the comprehensive crystallization index can be calculated using the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Where, I c (t) represents the comprehensive crystallization index, h c (t) represents the average thickness of the current crystal layer measured by the ultrasonic sensor array, h max is the preset maximum crystal layer thickness normalization constant, w1 is the weight coefficient corresponding to the crystal layer thickness; σ norm (t) represents the current normalized conductivity data measured by the microelectrode array sensor, σ max is a preset maximum conductivity normalization constant, w2 is a weight coefficient corresponding to the conductivity; the crystal growth rate prediction factor is exemplarily determined by the time change rate of the crystallization comprehensive index;

[0071] Subsequently, the data fusion and prediction module predicts the crystallization layer thickness curve and expected crystallization adhesion force of the pipeline in a future preset time period through a pre-trained deep learning model based on the historical operating parameters and the generated crystallization comprehensive index and crystallization growth rate prediction factor; the deep learning model is exemplarily a long short-term memory network model, and its input is the historical feature sequence X(t)=[I c (t),R g (t),Flow(t),Temp(t),…] T , the output is the predicted future crystallized state;

[0072]

[0073] Where, represents the deep learning model, X(t-τ),…,X(t) is the historical input sequence, For the predicted future crystal layer thickness curve, To predict future crystallization adhesion;

[0074] The intelligent decision-making module is logically connected to the data fusion and prediction module. This module receives the predicted crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion force, and dynamically generates the optimal aeration control strategy through a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the preset crystallization control target and energy consumption optimization target. The reinforcement learning algorithm is exemplarily a deep Q network.

[0075] The reinforcement learning algorithm makes decisions within the framework of a Markov decision process. Its state space includes the current crystallization comprehensive index, the predicted future crystal layer thickness, the predicted expected crystal adhesion force, and other operating parameters. Its action space includes aeration intensity, pulse frequency, pulse duration, and pulse waveform parameters. The reward function is exemplarily defined as:

[0076] R(s t ,a t )=-α·C crys (s t )-β·C energy (a t );

[0077] In the formula, R(s t ,a t ) is expressed as the reward function, C crys (s t ) is a crystallization penalty term, which is related to the predicted crystal thickness and increases significantly when the predicted thickness exceeds a critical value; where is the aeration energy cost term, which is directly related to aeration intensity, pulse frequency, and duration; α and β are weight coefficients used to balance crystallization control and energy consumption optimization; by maximizing the cumulative reward, the reinforcement learning algorithm can learn the optimal aeration strategy;

[0078] The execution module is connected to the intelligent decision-making module through control signals; the module accurately adjusts the airflow generated by the fan in the fan box 31 to the aeration disk 25 through the aeration pipe 26 according to the optimal aeration control strategy output by the intelligent decision-making module; the fan is illustratively a variable frequency fan, which can realize continuous adjustment of the aeration flow and pressure, and thus dynamically control the shear force of the airflow; by accurately controlling the start and stop of the fan and the change of the speed, the dynamic adjustment of the aeration intensity, pulse frequency, pulse duration and pulse waveform parameters is realized, thereby realizing adaptive pulse shear stripping of pipeline crystals.

[0079] Working principle: When the equipment starts to operate, the scum in the biogas tank 15 is first intercepted by the scum-blocking float pipe 7 and the scum-blocking float 11 in series floating on the center of the water surface under the action of water flow; then it is guided to the truncated cone-shaped floats 6 on both sides by the action of water flow; when the scum accumulates to a certain amount inside the truncated cone-shaped float 6, it will sink due to excessive weight, and the one-way flap 36 will be pressed open, so that the scum is discharged through the scum discharge pipe 12 and the connecting pipe 18 at the bottom; at the same time, the reaction force of the rebound spring 38 pushes the rotating block 37 to push the one-way flap The plate 36 closes again and stores new scum again until the gravity storage limit is reached; the discharged scum and part of the water will enter the water inlet manhole 13 and be pumped to the slag removal well 14 through the lifting pump 19. At this time, the grid plate 16 in the slag removal well 14 performs preliminary filtration on the water to separate solid impurities; the sewage after slag removal treatment flows back to the biogas tank 15 through the water inlet 23 on the water pipe 17; and when the water leaves the biogas tank 15 and enters the water treatment link, the water out of the biogas tank 15 will first enter the flange inspection well 20 through the outlet pipe 22. The water inlet end of the water pipe 22 is arranged inside the slag retaining mechanism 39, and the water outlet end of the water outlet pipe 22 is arranged in the water outlet manhole 21. The slag is blocked outside the slag retaining plate 4 by the slag retaining mechanism 39, and the water flowing out of the water outlet pipe 22 will not contain slag, which can effectively prevent the slag from flowing into the water outlet manhole 21; the detachable reducing flange 24 arranged in the flange inspection well 20 will increase the water flow rate by changing the pipe diameter, thereby preliminarily suppressing the formation of crystals; then the water flows into the water outlet manhole 21, and passes through the manhole outlet pipe 1 27, the manhole outlet pipe 2 29 and the manhole outlet pipe 3 The multi-section pipeline 30 flows to the stilling tank 32. Because aeration plates 25 are deployed in both the outlet manhole 21 and the stilling tank 32, the fan in the fan box 31 delivers gas through the aeration pipe 26 to the aeration plate 25 and the aeration hose 28 as the water flows through. This aeration forms fine bubbles in the water, strongly disturbing the water flow. This continuous or intermittent aeration disturbance effectively disrupts the directional arrangement of crystal nuclei in the solution, making it difficult for them to stably attach and grow on the pipe wall, thereby significantly reducing crystal formation. The water in the stilling tank 32 can then be pumped into the back-end biochemical system for further treatment and discharge.

[0080] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A scum and crystallization co-processing device for a biogas tank, comprising a biogas tank (15), characterized in that: The invention also includes an automatic slag removal system (1), a crystallization control system (2) and a water inlet system (3). The biogas tank (15) is provided with an automatic slag removal system (1), and the automatic slag removal system (1) includes a nylon rope (10) across the water surface in the biogas tank (15), both ends of the nylon rope (10) are fixed on the embankment opposite to the biogas tank (15), a slag blocking float (7) is fixedly connected in the middle of the nylon rope (10), and a plurality of slag blocking buoys (11) are connected in series on both sides of the slag blocking float (7) through the nylon rope (10), and the other side of the slag blocking buoy (11) is connected to a truncated cone buoy (6), and a slag discharge pipe (12) is provided at the bottom end of the truncated cone buoy (6), and the other end of the slag discharge pipe (12) away from the truncated cone buoy (6) is connected to a connecting pipe (18); The crystallization control system (2) is in communication with the biogas tank (15) and can reduce the crystallization of water flowing out of the biogas tank (15); The water inlet system (3) is connected to the biogas tank (15) for further deslagging and returning the deslagging water to the biogas tank (15).

2. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove (33) is provided on one side of the slag-stopping buoy (11), and a protrusion (34) is fixed on the other side of the slag-stopping buoy (11). The slag-stopping buoys (11) are engaged with each other by inserting the protrusion (34) in one slag-stopping buoy (11) into the groove (33) of the other slag-stopping buoy (11).

3. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The truncated cone shaped float (6) is designed with a double layer around it to form a closed space that can be filled with water. The water is injected through a rubber plug (35) arranged on it. The middle of the truncated cone shaped float (6) is a hollow structure. A one-way flap (36) is arranged in the hollow structure of the truncated cone shaped float (6). Rotating blocks (37) that can rotate in the truncated cone shaped float (6) are fixed at both ends of the one-way flap (36). A rebound spring (38) is arranged between the rotating block (37) and the truncated cone shaped float (6).

4. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biogas tank (15) is further provided with a slag blocking mechanism (39), the slag blocking mechanism (39) comprising four slag blocking plates (4), the four slag blocking plates (4) being fixed in the biogas tank (15) by fixing screws (9), each slag blocking plate (4) being fixed by a clamp (8) to form a square structure, a plurality of through holes (5) being provided inside the slag blocking plate (4), the slag blocking float (7) being fixed to the upper end of the slag blocking plate (4) by a clamp, and a water outlet pipe (22) being provided in the slag blocking mechanism (39), the water outlet pipe (22) extending to the outside of the biogas tank (15) and being connected to the crystallization control system (2).

5. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet system (3) comprises symmetrically arranged water inlet manholes (13), each of which is connected to a connecting pipe (18), and each of which is internally provided with a lifting pump (19).

6. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the water inlet manhole (13) is connected to a slag removal well (14) via a water pipe. A plurality of grid plates (16) are provided inside the slag removal well (14). A water pipe (17) is provided on the side of the slag removal well (14) away from the grid plates (16). The water pipe (17) is connected to the biogas tank (15) via a water inlet (23).

7. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crystallization control system (2) includes a flange inspection well (20) and an intelligent control system. The water outlet pipe (22) passes through the flange inspection well (20) and is connected to the water outlet manhole (21). A detachable variable diameter flange (24) is provided in the middle of the water outlet pipe (22). The water inlet end of the water outlet pipe (22) is provided inside the slag blocking mechanism (39). The water outlet end of the water outlet pipe (22) is provided in the water outlet manhole (21). The water outlet manhole (21) is provided with a flange that is higher than the detachable variable diameter flange. A manhole water outlet pipe (27) is provided at a height of 1 / 24, a manhole water outlet pipe (29) is fixed to the bottom end of the manhole water outlet pipe (27), a manhole water outlet pipe (30) is fixed to the end of the manhole water outlet pipe (29) away from the manhole water outlet pipe (27), a stilling pool (32) is fixed to the end of the manhole water outlet pipe (30) away from the manhole water outlet pipe (29), and a plurality of aeration disks (25) distributed in a rectangular array are provided inside the water outlet manhole (21) and the stilling pool (32).

8. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of each aeration plate (25) is fixed with an aeration pipe (26), and the bottom end of each aeration pipe (26) is provided with a fan box (31). A plurality of fans are provided inside the fan box (31), which can be transmitted to the aeration plate (25) through the aeration pipe (26) for aeration.

9. The scum and crystallization coordinated treatment equipment for a biogas tank according to claim 7, characterized in that: An aeration hose (28) is provided in the pipeline connecting the manhole water outlet pipe 1 (27), the manhole water outlet pipe 2 (29) and the manhole water outlet pipe 3 (30). The aeration hose (28) passes through an aeration pipe (26) and is connected to a fan in a fan box (31) for aeration.

10. The scum and crystallization coordinated processing equipment for biogas tanks according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intelligent control system includes: A sensing module comprising: An ultrasonic acoustic impedance sensor array is deployed at the outlet pipe (22) behind the detachable reducing flange (24) and is used to collect ultrasonic echo data of the inner wall of the pipe in real time to obtain crystal layer thickness information; A microelectrode array sensor is deployed at the outlet pipe (22) after the detachable variable-diameter flange (24) to collect conductivity data in the fluid in real time and obtain information on the trend of crystal nucleation; A data fusion and prediction module, connected to the sensing module, is used to fuse the ultrasonic echo data with the microelectrode array sensor data to generate a comprehensive crystallization index and a crystal growth rate prediction factor for the pipeline, and to predict the crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion force of the pipeline within a preset time period in the future through a deep learning model based on historical operating parameters and the comprehensive crystallization index and the crystal growth rate prediction factor; An intelligent decision-making module, which is connected to the data fusion and prediction module, is used to dynamically generate the optimal aeration control strategy through a reinforcement learning algorithm based on the predicted crystal layer thickness curve and expected crystal adhesion, as well as the preset crystallization control target and energy consumption optimization target. The strategy includes aeration intensity, pulse frequency, pulse duration, and pulse waveform parameters; An execution module is connected to the intelligent decision module and is used to accurately adjust the airflow generated by the fan in the fan box (31) to the aeration plate (25) through the aeration pipe (26) according to the optimal aeration control strategy.

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