Coastal inner bay upstream face structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a coastal inner bay upstream face structure and a construction method.The coastal inner bay upstream face structure comprises a seawall, a first groove body and a grating piece, a plurality of protruding parts are arranged on one side of the upstream face of the seawall, at least part of the protruding parts extend in the height direction of the seawall in the length direction, and the protruding parts are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the seawall; a groove which is concaved in the convex parts is formed between every two adjacent convex parts; the first groove is located on the side, close to the bottom, of the seawall upstream face, and an opening is formed in the top of the first groove. The grid piece comprises a first grid and at least two second grids, the first grid extends in the length direction of the seawall and is arranged among the multiple convex parts, and a preset gap is formed between the first grid and the inner wall of the groove; the second grids extend in the thickness direction of the seawall and are arranged on the two sides of the first grids. The coastal inner bay upstream face structure can provide inhabiting and refuge spaces for fishes and other coastal aquatic organisms, and protection and recovery of marine organisms are promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological transformation of seawalls, and specifically to a water-facing surface structure of a coastal inner bay and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] Seawalls are a key component of coastal infrastructure projects. As a new model for coastal protection, ecological seawalls meet the requirements of marine disaster protection, simulate the structure and ecological processes of coastal ecosystems, and have the ability to withstand storm surges, resist wave erosion, prevent soil erosion, maintain biodiversity, and improve water quality. Seawalls in related technologies are mostly constructed of reinforced concrete, which not only have a single function but also fail to provide ecological space for marine life. Some seawalls with more complex structures can not only achieve protection but also generate electricity using seawater tides. However, during operation, they are easily affected by floating debris and fishing activities. Fish that accidentally enter the system's internal operating area can be injured, and their protection and recovery functions for marine life are not significant. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first aspect of the present application provides a coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure, which can provide a habitat and refuge space for fish and other coastal marine life, thereby promoting the protection and restoration of marine life.

[0004] The first aspect of the present application provides a coastal inner bay waterfront structure comprising: a seawall, wherein the seawall is provided with a plurality of convex portions on one side of the waterfront surface, wherein the longitudinal direction of the convex portions at least partially extends along the height direction of the seawall, the plurality of convex portions are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the seawall, and a groove is formed between two adjacent convex portions, which is concave inwardly of the convex portion;

[0005] a first trough body, the first trough body being located on a side of the seawall facing the water and close to the bottom, and the top of the first trough body being provided with an opening;

[0006] The grille member includes a first grille and at least two second grilles, the first grille extends along the length direction of the seawall and is arranged between the multiple protrusions, and there is a preset gap between the first grille and the inner wall of the groove; the second grille extends along the thickness direction of the seawall and is arranged on both sides of the first grille.

[0007] In addition, the coastal inner bay waterfront structure provided in this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0008] In an optional solution, the coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure also includes an ecological net and nail buckles. The ecological net is arranged between at least part of the first grille and the groove. The nail buckles are used to fix the ecological net to the inner side of the first grille. Gravel is filled between the ecological net and the groove.

[0009] In an optional solution, the second grid includes a cantilever bracket and a plurality of cylindrical cross bars, one end of the cylindrical cross bar is connected to the side wall of the protrusion, and the other end is connected to the cantilever bracket, and the plurality of cylindrical cross bars are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the seawall; the first trough body is located between two adjacent second grids.

[0010] In an optional solution, the first trough body includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a side plate, the bottom plate is arranged on the bottom side of the water-facing surface of the seawall, the top plate is arranged opposite to the bottom plate, and the top plate is provided with a notch groove and forms an opening at the top of the first trough body, and the side plate is arranged on the side of the top plate and the side plate facing away from the seawall.

[0011] In an optional solution, the first trough is filled with a soil layer, and the soil layer is planted with plants that are salt-tolerant and flood-resistant; and a plurality of hemp ropes are tied to the first grid and / or the second grid.

[0012] A second aspect of the present application provides a construction method for constructing the coastal inner bay waterfront structure provided in the first aspect, the construction method comprising the following steps:

[0013] 1) Drilling holes at preset locations on the waterfront side of the seawall, and installing the first grille and the second grille after the drilling is completed, with the first grille and the second grille respectively being installed in the corresponding holes using an interference fit;

[0014] 2) Installing an ecological net into the space enclosed by the first grille and the groove of the seawall, with the ecological net being placed closely against the first grille from top to bottom, and the ecological net being fixed to the side structural surface of the seawall with fasteners on all sides;

[0015] 3) Installing the first trough, then filling gravel and / or crushed stone between the groove of the seawall and the first grid, and filling the first trough with soil;

[0016] 4) Planting plants in the first trough according to environmental parameters such as salinity, tide level, and planting elevation, with the native mangrove species preferably being adapted to the ecological restoration area; tying a hemp rope with shellfish seedlings to the first grid and / or the second grid, with the other end of the hemp rope extending below the water level, to form a shellfish and algae ecosystem through the ropes below the normal water level.

[0017] In an optional solution, in step 1), when drilling holes at the installation position of the first grid, the drilled holes cannot penetrate the convex portion of the seawall, and at least four convex portions are drilled as a group and the first grid is installed.

[0018] In an optional solution, in step 1), when drilling the installation position of the second grid, the hole is drilled at a preset position on the convex part of the seawall. The depth of the drilling must ensure that the cylindrical cross bar of the second grid can be firmly fixed in the hole, and the hole diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical cross bar. After the drilling is completed, the cylindrical cross bar of the second grid is knocked into the corresponding hole using an interference fit installation method.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0020] The coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure and construction method in the present application are arranged by a first grid arranged along the length direction of the seawall, a second grid arranged along the thickness direction of the seawall, and other structures on the water-facing side of the seawall. While consuming wave energy and having a wave-breaking effect, it can also provide a shelter and a suitable habitat for coastal organisms such as fish, thereby improving the water exchange performance. At the same time, the space in the first trough can also be used for planting plants, effectively increasing coastal biodiversity, which is beneficial to the protection and restoration of marine organisms. It can also further improve the ecology, landscape and hydrophilicity of the embankment by establishing different shallow water environments.

[0021] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are merely illustrative and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of the coastal inner bay waterfront structure provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the coastal inner bay waterfront structure on the waterfront side;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A-direction planar structural diagram of the water-facing surface structure of the Zhongbinhai inner bay;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the B-direction plane structure of the water-facing surface structure of the Zhongbinhai inner bay.

[0026] Figure numerals: seawall 1, convex part 11, groove 12, first trough body 2, bottom plate 21, top plate 22, side plate 23, first grid 3, grid cross bar 31, second grid 4, cantilever bracket 41, cylindrical cross bar 42, ecological net 5.

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other technical solutions obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0031] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described based on the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "on" or "under", it can not only be directly connected to the other element "on" or "under", but also be indirectly connected to the other element "on" or "under" through an intermediate element.

[0033] like Figure 1-4As shown, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a structure for the waterfront surface of a coastal inner bay, which mainly includes a seawall 1, a first trough 2, and a grating. The seawall 1 can be a steel sheet pile-like structure, with a plurality of protrusions 11 provided on one side of the waterfront surface of the seawall 1. The length direction of the protrusions 11 at least partially extends along the height direction of the seawall 1. The plurality of protrusions 11 are spaced apart along the length direction of the seawall 1, and a groove 12 is formed between two adjacent protrusions 11 and is concave inwardly of the protrusion 11. The first trough 2 is located on the side of the waterfront surface of the seawall 1 near the bottom, and an opening is provided at the top of the first trough 2. The grating includes a first grating 3 and at least two second gratings 4. The first grating 3 extends along the length direction of the seawall 1 and is provided between the plurality of protrusions 11. A preset gap is formed between the first grating 3 and the inner wall of the groove 12. The second grating 4 extends along the thickness direction of the seawall 1 and is provided on both sides of the first grating 3.

[0034] The coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure in this embodiment is arranged through the first grid 3 arranged along the length direction of the seawall 1, the second grid 4 arranged along the thickness direction of the seawall 1, and other structures on the water-facing side of the seawall 1. While consuming wave energy and having a wave-breaking effect, it can also provide a shelter and a suitable habitat for coastal organisms such as fish, thereby improving the water exchange performance. At the same time, the space within the first trough 2 can also be used for planting plants, effectively increasing coastal biodiversity, which is beneficial to the protection and restoration of marine organisms. It can also further improve the ecology, landscape and hydrophilicity of the embankment by establishing different shallow water environments.

[0035] like Figure 1-2 and Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the water-facing surface structure of the coastal inner bay also includes an ecological net 5 and nail buckles. The ecological net 5 is arranged between at least part of the first grid 3 and the groove 12. The nail buckles are used to fix the ecological net 5 to the inner side of the first grid 3. Gravel is filled between the ecological net 5 and the groove 12, which can provide a habitat for marine organisms and promote biodiversity. At the same time, the mud and sand carried by the tide are gradually deposited in the first trough body 2 through the gravel, assisting the growth of plants in the first trough body 2.

[0036] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the second grille 4 includes a cantilever bracket 41 and a plurality of cylindrical crossbars 42. One end of the cylindrical crossbar 42 is connected to the side wall of the protrusion 11, and the other end is connected to the cantilever bracket 41. The plurality of cylindrical crossbars 42 are spaced apart along the height direction of the seawall 1; the first trough 2 is located between two adjacent second grilles 4. Furthermore, the first grille 3 is composed of a plurality of spaced-apart grille crossbars 31. The structure of the grille crossbars 31 can be the same as that of the cylindrical crossbars 42, and this will not be described in detail herein.

[0037] like Figure 1-2and Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the first trough body 2 includes a bottom plate 21, a top plate 22 and a side plate 23. The bottom plate 21 is arranged on the bottom side of the water-facing surface of the seawall 1, and the top plate 22 is arranged opposite to the bottom plate 21. The top plate 22 is provided with a notch groove and forms an opening at the top of the first trough body 2. The side plate 23 is arranged on the side of the top plate 22 and the side plate 23 facing away from the seawall 1.

[0038] Specifically, the bottom plate 21 and top plate 22 are preferably rectangular plates with curved sides. The curvature of the bottom plate 21 aligns with the bottom edges of the cantilever brackets 41 on either side. One of the long sides of the top plate 22 is a rectangular hollow structure, while the center of the structure formed by the other long side and the two short sides is a hollow structure. Furthermore, the side plates 23 can also be rectangular plates with a width that matches the hollow structure. Together with the bottom plate 21 and top plate 22, the side plates 23 form the first trough 2 for plant growth. Furthermore, the first trough 2 is filled with a soil layer planted with plants, such as mangroves, that have wave-proof and soil-stabilizing properties and are resistant to salinity and flooding. Structures of varying lengths and sizes can be constructed based on project requirements. Furthermore, multiple hemp ropes are tied to the first grid 3 and / or the second grid 4. The underwater hemp ropes are used to cultivate shellfish, such as mussels, which form clusters as they grow.

[0039] A second aspect of the present application provides a construction method for constructing the coastal inner bay waterfront structure provided in the first aspect of the present application. The construction method mainly includes the following steps:

[0040] 1) Drill holes at preset locations on the water-facing side of the seawall 1. After the drilling is completed, install the first grille 3 and the second grille 4. The first grille 3 and the second grille 4 are respectively installed in the corresponding holes by interference fit;

[0041] 2) Install the ecological net 5 into the space enclosed by the first grid 3 and the groove 12 of the seawall 1. The ecological net 5 is placed tightly against the first grid 3 from top to bottom. The ecological net 5 is fixed to the side structural surface of the seawall 1 with fasteners on all sides.

[0042] 3) Install the first tank body 2, then fill gravel and / or crushed stone between the groove 12 of the seawall 1 and the first grid 3, and fill the first tank body 2 with soil;

[0043] 4) Planting plants in the first trough 2 according to environmental parameters such as salinity, tide level, and planting elevation, with preference given to native mangrove species adapted to the ecological restoration area; tying a hemp rope with shellfish seedlings to the first grid 3 and / or the second grid 4, with the other end of the hemp rope extending below the water level, to form a shellfish and algae ecosystem through the rope below the normal water level.

[0044] This construction method is used to construct the coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure provided in the first aspect embodiment. Since the coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure provided in the first aspect embodiment can increase coastal biodiversity and is beneficial to improving the protection and restoration of marine life, the coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure constructed by this construction method also has the same effect, so this article will not go into details one by one.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, in step 1), when drilling holes at the installation location of the first grille 3, the drilled holes must not penetrate the protrusions 11 of the seawall 1. At least four protrusions 11 are drilled as a group and the first grille 3 is installed. For example, on the water-facing side of the seawall 1, every four protrusions 11 are drilled as a group, and there is a groove 12 between every two protrusions 11, so there are three grooves 12 between every four protrusions 11. At the same height, a group of opposing mounting holes is drilled in each groove 12, one on each of the two side surfaces, for a total of six mounting holes in the horizontal direction. It is necessary to ensure that the centers of each pair of opposing mounting holes are on the same horizontal line, and the six mounting holes formed are also considered as a group. The depth of the holes formed should not be too deep, and the vertical distance between the bottoms of a pair of opposing holes should not be less than the length of the inserted grille crossbar 31. After drilling is completed, a grille cross bar 31 is inserted into each set of relative mounting holes until all through holes have been inserted with cross bars. The length of the grille cross bar 31 needs to be slightly larger than the distance between the openings of the two relative holes, and it is installed in the relative holes using an interference fit.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, in step 1), when drilling the installation position of the second grid 4, the hole is drilled at the preset position of the convex portion 11 of the seawall 1, and the depth of the drilling needs to ensure that the cylindrical cross bar 42 of the second grid 4 can be firmly fixed in the hole, and the hole diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical cross bar 42. After the drilling is completed, the cylindrical cross bar 42 of the second grid 4 is knocked into the corresponding hole using an interference fit installation method.

[0047] Furthermore, when installing the first tank body 2 in step 3), the left and right ends of its bottom plate 21 are supported on the lowest cylindrical crossbar 42 of the second grille 4; the left and right ends of the top plate 22 are then supported on the higher second grille 4; and finally, the side plates 23 are passed from top to bottom through the positioning holes in the top plate 22 and supported on the bottom plate 21. The installation position of the top plate 22 can be adjusted according to the height of the second grille 4.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A water-facing structure for a coastal inner bay, characterized in that: include: A seawall, wherein a plurality of convex portions are provided on a water-facing side of the seawall, wherein the length direction of the convex portions at least partially extends along the height direction of the seawall, the plurality of convex portions are spaced apart along the length direction of the seawall, and a groove is formed between two adjacent convex portions; a first trough body, the first trough body being located on a side of the seawall facing the water close to the bottom, and the top of the first trough body being provided with an opening; The grille member includes a first grille and at least two second grilles, the first grille extends along the length direction of the seawall and is arranged between the multiple protrusions, and there is a preset gap between the first grille and the inner wall of the groove; the second grille extends along the thickness direction of the seawall and is arranged on both sides of the first grille.

2. The coastal inner bay waterfront structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coastal inner bay water-facing surface structure also includes an ecological net and nail buckles. The ecological net is arranged between at least part of the first grid and the groove. The nail buckles are used to fix the ecological net to the inner side of the first grid. Gravel is filled between the ecological net and the groove.

3. The coastal inner bay waterfront structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second grid includes a cantilever bracket and a plurality of cylindrical cross bars, one end of the cylindrical cross bar is connected to the side wall of the protrusion, and the other end is connected to the cantilever bracket, and the plurality of cylindrical cross bars are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the seawall; the first trough body is located between two adjacent second grids.

4. The coastal inner bay waterfront structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first trough body includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a side plate. The bottom plate is arranged on the bottom side of the water-facing surface of the seawall. The top plate is arranged opposite to the bottom plate, and the top plate is provided with a notch groove and forms an opening at the top of the first trough body. The side plate is arranged on the side of the top plate and the side plate facing away from the seawall.

5. The coastal inner bay waterfront structure according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The first trough is filled with a soil layer, and the soil layer is planted with plants that are resistant to salt and alkali and flooding; a plurality of hemp ropes are tied to the first grid and / or the second grid.

6. A construction method, characterized in that: For constructing the coastal inner bay waterfront structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the construction method comprises the following steps: 1) Drilling holes at preset locations on the waterfront side of the seawall, and installing the first grille and the second grille after the drilling is completed, with the first grille and the second grille respectively being installed in the corresponding holes using an interference fit; 2) Installing an ecological net into the space enclosed by the first grille and the groove of the seawall, with the ecological net being placed closely against the first grille from top to bottom, and the ecological net being fixed to the side structural surface of the seawall with fasteners on all sides; 3) Installing the first trough, then filling gravel and / or crushed stone between the groove of the seawall and the first grid, and filling the first trough with soil; 4) Planting plants in the first trough according to environmental parameters such as salinity, tide level, and planting elevation, with the native mangrove species preferably being adapted to the ecological restoration area; tying a hemp rope with shellfish seedlings to the first grid and / or the second grid, with the other end of the hemp rope extending below the water level, to form a shellfish and algae ecosystem through the ropes below the normal water level.

7. The construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 1), when drilling holes at the installation position of the first grid, the drilled holes cannot penetrate the convex portion of the seawall, and at least four convex portions are drilled as a group and the first grid is installed.

8. The construction method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: In the step 1), when drilling the installation position of the second grid, the hole is drilled at the preset position of the convex part of the seawall. The depth of the drilling needs to ensure that the cylindrical cross bar of the second grid can be firmly fixed in the hole, and the hole diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical cross bar. After the drilling is completed, the cylindrical cross bar of the second grid is knocked into the corresponding hole using an interference fit installation method.

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