Friction torque adjustable dynamic sealing device, method and system for rotating mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamic sealing device, method and system capable of adjusting friction torque for a rotating mechanism, and relates to the field of automobiles and industrial machinery. According to the scheme, the sealing effect and the friction torque of a rotating part can be considered, and when a rotating mechanism is in a dry environment, the dynamic sealing device guarantees sealing, and meanwhile the friction torque is reduced by reducing the axial holding force of the lip opening on the rotor side annular framework, so that the mechanism efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, lip abrasion can be reduced, abrasion is easily caused due to sliding friction between the lip and the annular framework on the rotor side and long-term contact, the journal sticking force can be reduced in a dry environment by regulating and controlling the journal sticking force in real time, even part of the lip is separated from the framework, only one lip is reserved to maintain sealing, and on the premise that the sealing effect is guaranteed, the service life of the lip is prolonged. The contact area and friction force are reduced, and lip abrasion is effectively reduced. The dynamic adjusting mechanism balances the sealing performance and the friction loss according to environmental differences, and has high efficiency and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automobiles and industrial machinery, and in particular to a dynamic sealing device, method and system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of the continuous advancement of global industrial automation and the booming automotive industry, the demand for rotary seals continues to rise, especially in the automotive and industrial machinery fields.

[0003] Some rotating mechanisms often operate in harsh working environments, often requiring frequent water-related work or in dusty environments. To protect the interior of the rotating mechanism from erosion by contaminants such as liquids and dust, a dynamic seal is typically installed between the rotating and fixed components of the rotating mechanism. This dynamic seal effectively blocks external dust, liquids, and impurities from entering the rotating mechanism. However, once the dynamic seal is installed, the relative motion between the dynamic seal components inevitably generates a certain amount of friction, which increases the friction torque of the entire rotating mechanism, thereby reducing the efficiency of the rotating mechanism.

[0004] If one wishes to improve the efficiency of a rotating mechanism, measures are often taken to reduce the contact force between the dynamic seal lip and the frame. At this point, although the friction torque is reduced, the sealing effect will also deteriorate. Therefore, in the prior art, it is difficult to find an ideal balance between the sealing effect and friction torque of a rotating mechanism. Increasing the friction torque of a dynamic seal can lead to a better sealing effect, but this will cause the efficiency of the rotating mechanism to decrease. However, decreasing the friction torque of a dynamic seal can worsen the sealing effect, but improve the efficiency of the rotating mechanism. This contradiction has become a technical challenge that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of rotary seals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic sealing device, method and system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, the dynamic sealing device comprising: A stator-side annular frame, which is press-fitted onto the outer periphery of the rotating mechanism stator and remains stationary along the rotating mechanism stator, and a first lip frame, a second lip frame, and a third lip frame are sequentially provided on the outer periphery along its axial direction, wherein the first lip frame, the second lip frame, and the third lip frame are respectively provided with a first lip, a second lip, and a third lip; and a rotor-side annular frame, which is press-fitted onto the inner circumference of the rotating mechanism rotor and rotates along with the rotating mechanism rotor; the rotating mechanism rotor and the rotating mechanism stator are both sleeved on the rotating mechanism central axis; the rotating mechanism rotor rotates around the rotating mechanism stator and the rotating mechanism central axis; Among them, the second lip and the third lip are both installed with expansion rings. When the expansion ring is not expanded, the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor side annular frame; when the expansion ring is expanded, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor side annular frame and can adjust the axial holding force with the rotor side annular frame; the first lip is always in contact with the rotor side annular frame.

[0007] In a possible implementation, a plurality of humidity sensors are further provided on the outer periphery of the rotating mechanism stator near the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor, for controlling the expansion value of the expansion ring according to humidity values detected by the plurality of humidity sensors.

[0008] In a possible implementation, there are four humidity sensors, and the four humidity sensors are evenly spaced apart along the outer circumference of the stator of the rotating mechanism.

[0009] In a possible implementation, a stator-side annular rubber lagging is further provided on the inner periphery of the stator-side annular skeleton near the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a rotor-side annular rubber lagging is further provided on the outer periphery of the rotor-side annular skeleton near the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the expansion ring includes a first hydraulic oil cavity and a second hydraulic oil cavity that are symmetrically arranged, and a first expansion arc column and a second expansion arc column located between the first hydraulic oil cavity and the second hydraulic oil cavity; The first hydraulic oil chamber is provided with a first plunger and a second plunger at both ends, and the second hydraulic oil chamber is provided with a third plunger and a fourth plunger at both ends; The first end of the first plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the first hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the first plunger is connected to the first end of the first expansion arc column; The first end of the second plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the first hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the second plunger is connected to the first end of the second expansion arc column; The first end of the third plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the second hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the third plunger is connected to the second end of the first expansion arc column; The first end of the fourth plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the second hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the fourth plunger is connected to the second end of the second expansion arc column.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the first hydraulic oil chamber and the second hydraulic oil chamber are connected to an external hydraulic oil pump through pipelines.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the first lip, the second lip, and the third lip are made of elastic material.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic sealing method for a rotating mechanism with adjustable friction torque, the method being applied to the dynamic sealing device for a rotating mechanism with adjustable friction torque as described above, the method comprising: Define the first scale quantity and the second scale quantity, the first scale quantity < the second scale quantity, the first scale quantity and the second scale quantity indicate the humidity value; define the third scale quantity, the fourth scale quantity, and the fifth scale quantity, the third scale quantity < the fourth scale quantity < the fifth scale quantity, the third scale quantity, the fourth scale quantity, and the fifth scale quantity indicate the expansion value; When the measured values of the four humidity sensors are all less than or equal to the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are not expanded, the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is poor; In response to the second calibration value being ≥ the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic seal device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate; In response to the second calibration value being ≥ the measured values of at least two of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is good; In response to the measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the second calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a severely humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip expand, and the expansion value = the fifth calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor side annular frame is large, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is larger, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is better.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, the system being applied to the dynamic sealing method with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above, the system comprising: A definition module is used to define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity indicate humidity values; The definition module is further used to define a third calibration quantity, a fourth calibration quantity, and a fifth calibration quantity, wherein the third calibration quantity < the fourth calibration quantity < the fifth calibration quantity, and the third calibration quantity, the fourth calibration quantity, and the fifth calibration quantity indicate expansion values; a determination module configured to determine, in response to the measurement values of the four humidity sensors being less than or equal to a first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment, that the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, that the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are not expanded, that the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, that the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and that the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor; The determination module is further configured to determine, in response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors and greater than the first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate; The determination module is further configured to, in response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured values of at least two of the four humidity sensors and greater than the first calibration value, determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is good; The determination module is further configured to determine, in response to a measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than a second calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a severely humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to a fifth calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is relatively large, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is better.

[0016] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the present invention include at least: On the one hand, this technical solution can take into account both the sealing effect and the friction torque of the rotating parts. When the rotating mechanism operates in a dry environment, the dynamic sealing device can ensure the sealing effect while reducing the shaft holding force between the lip and the rotor side annular frame (the pressure of the lip pressed on the rotor side annular frame, the tighter the lip presses on the rotor side annular frame, the greater the pressure of the lip on the rotor side annular frame, that is, the greater the shaft holding force), and reducing the friction torque (the greater the shaft holding force, the tighter the lip presses on the rotor side annular frame, because the lips are made of elastic material, the greater the deformation, the greater the contact area with the rotor side annular frame, the greater the friction torque, and vice versa), thereby improving the efficiency of the rotating mechanism; on the other hand, this technical solution The solution can reduce the lip wear of the dynamic sealing device. Since the lip of the dynamic sealing device and the rotor side annular frame are in sliding friction, that is, the lip is always in contact with the rotor side annular frame, and there is relative motion between the lip and the rotor side annular frame. Long-term operation will cause friction on the lip. This application controls the shaft holding force between the lip and the rotor side annular frame in real time according to the different operating environments of the rotating mechanism. When the environment around the rotating mechanism is relatively dry, the shaft holding force between the lip and the rotor side annular frame is reduced. In a very dry environment, only one lip can be in contact with the rotor side annular frame, and the other lips do not contact the rotor side annular frame. While ensuring the sealing effect, the friction between the lip and the rotor side annular frame is reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the lip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the installation of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 Shown Figure 2 AA local schematic diagram.

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of an expansion ring of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a dynamic sealing method with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0024] In the picture: 1. Dynamic sealing device; 2. Rotating mechanism stator; 3. Rotating mechanism rotor; 4. Rotating mechanism central axis; 11. Stator side annular frame; 12. Rotor side annular frame; 13. First lip frame; 14. Second lip frame; 15. Third lip frame; 16. First lip; 17. Second lip; 18. Third lip; 19. Expansion ring; 110. Humidity sensor; 111. Stator side annular rubber lagging; 112. Rotor side annular rubber lagging; 191. First hydraulic oil chamber; 192. Second hydraulic oil chamber; 193. First expansion arc column; 194. Second expansion arc column; 195. First plunger; 196. Second plunger; 197. Third plunger; 198. Fourth plunger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Among them, the same parts are represented by the same figure marks. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to the directions in the drawings of the present invention specification, and the words "bottom" and "top", "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from specific parts, respectively. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention specification, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 FIG2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 The present invention shows an installation diagram of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The dynamic sealing device 1 with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism comprises: a stator-side annular skeleton 11, which is press-fitted on the outer periphery of the stator 2 of the rotating mechanism and remains stationary with the stator 2 of the rotating mechanism, and a first lip skeleton 13, a second lip skeleton 14, and a third lip skeleton 15 are sequentially arranged on its outer periphery along its axial direction, and a first lip 16, a second lip 17, and a third lip 18 are respectively installed on the first lip skeleton 13, the second lip skeleton 14, and the third lip skeleton 15; and a rotor-side annular skeleton 12, which is press-fitted on the rotor of the rotating mechanism. The inner periphery of the stator 3 and the rotating mechanism rotor 3 rotates with the rotating mechanism rotor 3. The rotating mechanism rotor 3 and the rotating mechanism stator 2 are both sleeved on the rotating mechanism central axis 4, and the rotating mechanism rotor 3 rotates around the rotating mechanism stator 2 and the rotating mechanism central axis 4; wherein, the second lip 17 and the third lip 18 are both installed with an expansion ring 19. When the expansion ring 19 is not expanded, the second lip 17 and the third lip 18 are not in contact with the rotor side annular frame 12; when the expansion ring 19 is expanded, the second lip 17 and the third lip 18 are in contact with the rotor side annular frame 12 and can adjust the axial holding force with the rotor side annular frame 12; the first lip 16 is always in contact with the rotor side annular frame 12.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the structural design of the dynamic sealing device provides a stable sealing foundation for the rotating mechanism through the cooperation of the stator side and the rotor side annular skeleton. The stator side annular skeleton is fixed to the stator of the rotating mechanism, and the three lip skeletons and lips arranged in sequence thereon construct a multi-stage sealing system. Among them, the first lip is always in contact with the rotor side annular skeleton and assumes the basic sealing function; the second and third lips have built-in expansion rings, which can adjust the contact state and shaft holding force with the rotor side annular skeleton according to environmental requirements. When the expansion ring expands, the second and third lips intervene in the seal to enhance the sealing effect; when it does not expand, they disengage to reduce friction torque. This structure realizes the dynamic adjustment of sealing performance and friction torque, is suitable for different humidity environments, and effectively balances the sealing and efficiency requirements of the rotating mechanism.

[0030] In detail, Figure 2 FIG2 shows an installation diagram of a dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Shown Figure 2 AA partial schematic diagram, multiple humidity sensors 110 are further provided on the outer periphery of the rotating mechanism stator 2 near the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor 3. These sensors are used to control the expansion value of the expansion ring 19 based on the humidity values detected by the multiple humidity sensors 110. In one example, there are four humidity sensors 110, which are evenly spaced along the outer periphery of the rotating mechanism stator 2.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present application, a plurality of evenly distributed humidity sensors are provided on the periphery of the stator of the rotating mechanism. The core function of these sensors is to establish all-round environmental perception and provide real-time humidity data support for the intelligent adjustment of the dynamic sealing device. The four sensors are evenly spaced, avoiding the limitations of single-point detection. The comprehensiveness and reliability of humidity detection are improved through data fusion, effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by local environmental interference. The humidity value detected by the sensor is directly used as a control signal to drive the expansion ring to dynamically adjust the clamping force of the second and third lips, providing a reliable environmental feedback basis for the adaptive adjustment of the multi-stage lips, ensuring that the sealing device continuously balances sealing performance and mechanical efficiency under complex working conditions.

[0032] For further information, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The inner periphery of the stator-side annular skeleton 11 is close to the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor 3 and is further provided with a stator-side annular rubber lagging 111. The outer periphery of the rotor-side annular skeleton 12 is close to the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor 3 and is further provided with a rotor-side annular rubber lagging 112.

[0033] In this embodiment, both the stator-side and rotor-side annular rubber lagging are installed near the opening of the rotating mechanism's rotor. Their elastic material not only aids sealing, filling gaps between components and preventing the intrusion of foreign matter such as liquids and dust, while also enhancing the sealing effect in conjunction with the lip; it also provides cushioning and protection, absorbing vibration and shock during operation and reducing wear caused by rigid contact between components. Furthermore, the rubber lagging transforms friction through elastic deformation, effectively reducing frictional resistance and torque, improving the mechanism's operating efficiency, while also adapting to installation deviations and enhancing the device's environmental adaptability and structural stability under complex operating conditions.

[0034] Furthermore, Figure 4 The expansion ring 19 comprises a first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and a second hydraulic oil chamber 192, which are symmetrically arranged, and a first expansion arc column 193 and a second expansion arc column 194 located between the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192; a first plunger 195 and a second plunger 196 are respectively provided at both ends of the first hydraulic oil chamber 191, and a third plunger 197 and a fourth plunger 198 are respectively provided at both ends of the second hydraulic oil chamber 192; a first end of the first plunger 195 is slidably connected to the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and ... Inside the hydraulic oil chamber 191, the second end of the first plunger 195 is connected to the first end of the first expansion arc column 193; the first end of the second plunger 196 is slidably connected to the inside of the first hydraulic oil chamber 191, and the second end of the second plunger 196 is connected to the first end of the second expansion arc column 194; the first end of the third plunger 197 is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil chamber 192, and the second end of the third plunger 197 is connected to the second end of the first expansion arc column 193; the first end of the fourth plunger 198 is slidably connected to the inside of the second hydraulic oil chamber 192, and the second end of the fourth plunger 198 is connected to the second end of the second expansion arc column 194.

[0035] It can be understood that the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 are connected to the external hydraulic oil pump through a pipeline; when the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 increases, as the pressure in the chamber increases, the first plunger 195 and the second plunger 196, as well as the third plunger 197 and the fourth plunger 198 extend to the two sides of the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 respectively, causing the first expansion arc column 193 and the second expansion arc column 194 to expand; when the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic oil chamber 191 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 192 decreases, as the pressure in the chamber decreases, the first plunger 195 and the second plunger 196, as well as the third plunger 197 and the fourth plunger 198 all retract, causing the first expansion arc column 193 and the second expansion arc column 194 to contract.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the unique structural design of the expansion ring provides the core drive for the dynamic sealing device to achieve dynamic adjustment of friction torque and sealing performance. Its symmetrically distributed dual hydraulic oil chambers and expansion arc columns, combined with the setting of the sliding plunger, construct a precise and controllable hydraulic drive system. This structural design realizes continuous adjustment of the lip contact state, allowing the dynamic sealing device to flexibly switch between efficient operation and reliable sealing according to changes in ambient humidity.

[0037] It is worth mentioning that the first lip 16, the second lip 17, and the third lip 18 are made of elastic material. In one example, the first lip 16, the second lip 17, and the third lip 18 are made of rubber.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the three lips, made of elastic materials such as rubber, are key to achieving a dynamic balance between sealing performance and friction torque. The elastic material's flexibility allows it to conform closely to the surface of the rotor-side annular frame. Even when the rotating component experiences slight eccentricity or vibration, it can adaptively deform to fill gaps, forming a reliable sealing barrier that effectively blocks the intrusion of impurities such as liquids and dust. Furthermore, the elastic recovery properties of the elastic material ensure that the lips can precisely adjust the shaft clamping force when driven by the expansion ring. The rubber material is chosen for its practicality and durability. Its oil and weather resistance make it suitable for complex operating conditions such as automobiles and industrial machinery, and it is not susceptible to failure due to long-term contact with lubricants or humid environments. The appropriate hardness and elastic modulus balance the required contact stiffness and friction control requirements for sealing. Combined with the multi-stage lip design (the first lip is in constant contact, and the second and third lip levels are adjustable), the device can achieve both improved efficiency in dry environments with a single lip under low load, and enhanced sealing in humid environments through the elastic compression of multiple lips.

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a method for dynamic sealing with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. The method for dynamic sealing with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism is applied to the dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above. The method comprises: Step 501, define the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity, the first calibration quantity < the second calibration quantity, the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity indicate the humidity value; define the third calibration quantity, the fourth calibration quantity, and the fifth calibration quantity, the third calibration quantity < the fourth calibration quantity < the fifth calibration quantity, the third calibration quantity, the fourth calibration quantity, and the fifth calibration quantity indicate the expansion value.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, by defining the calibration quantities of humidity and expansion values, a quantitative benchmark for environmental determination and sealing adjustment is established. The first and second calibration quantities divide the humidity into gradients such as dry, slightly humid, and heavily humid, providing a threshold standard for subsequent environmental identification; the third to fifth calibration quantities correspond to different expansion states of the expansion ring, and are directly related to the contact tightness between the lip and the rotor side annular skeleton. This hierarchical calibration mechanism can accurately match the mechanical response parameters of the expansion ring according to the real-time environmental humidity, and establish a mapping relationship between the environmental signal and the sealing structure adjustment. It is the core prerequisite for realizing dynamic adaptive sealing, ensuring that the logical judgment and execution operations of the subsequent steps have a clear quantitative basis.

[0041] In step 502, in response to the measurement values of the four humidity sensors being ≤ the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are not expanded, the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is poor.

[0042] In an embodiment of the present application, when it is detected that the entire environment is dry, this step minimizes the friction torque by retaining only the first lip in contact with the rotor-side annular skeleton and cutting off the contact of the other lips. The risk of liquid infiltration in a dry environment is low, and there is no need for multi-stage sealing. Therefore, by reducing the contact area (only a single lip works), the sliding friction loss between the elastic material and the rotor-side annular skeleton is significantly reduced. This design maximizes the efficiency of the rotating mechanism while ensuring basic dustproof capabilities, avoids the redundant friction loss of traditional sealing devices in non-harsh environments, and balances energy-saving needs with basic sealing requirements. It is particularly suitable for energy-saving operation of equipment in intermittent water-related or dusty environments.

[0043] Step 503: In response to the second calibration quantity being ≥ the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being > the first calibration quantity, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration quantity, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is moderate.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, in the presence of mild humidity, this step establishes a graded sealing mechanism by activating a slight expansion (third calibration value) of the second and third lips. The slight expansion of the expansion ring causes the second and third lips to lightly contact the rotor-side annular frame, creating a moderate shaft-holding force. This not only improves liquid penetration resistance by increasing the number of contact layers (full contact of all three lips), but also maintains a small contact area due to the low expansion value, preventing excessive increases in friction torque. This "mild activation" strategy strikes a balance between sealing performance and mechanical efficiency in scenarios with trace amounts of water vapor or intermittent humidity, preventing frequent and drastic adjustments caused by fluctuations in ambient humidity. It is suitable for industrial machinery operating in humid air or occasional splashing water.

[0045] Step 504, in response to the second calibration quantity ≥ the measurement value of at least two of the four humidity sensors > the first calibration quantity, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value = the fourth calibration quantity, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is good.

[0046] In this embodiment of the present application, when a moderately humid environment is identified, the expansion ring undergoes moderate expansion (the fourth calibration value), causing the second and third lips to contact the rotor-side annular frame with moderate shaft holding force. This design is based on the linear increase in the risk of liquid infiltration with rising humidity. By increasing the lip deformation and contact area, a multi-level sealing barrier is constructed. The first lip maintains the basic seal, while the second and third lips form a buffer seal layer through moderate pressure, effectively blocking the intrusion of liquid water or high-concentration dust. Furthermore, the friction torque corresponding to the moderate expansion value is within a reasonable range, avoiding energy waste caused by excessive sealing. This design is suitable for rotating components in automotive chassis exposed to long-term humid air or light water wading, achieving an optimal match between sealing performance and mechanical losses.

[0047] Step 505, in response to the measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the second calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a severely humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value = the fifth calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor side annular frame is large, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is larger, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is better.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present application, in a severely humid environment, the expansion ring drives the second and third lips to fit tightly against the rotor-side annular skeleton at the maximum expansion value (fifth calibration quantity), forming a high-strength sealing structure. At this time, the shaft holding force reaches its peak, and the contact area between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular skeleton is maximized. The liquid penetration path is blocked by multi-stage elastic extrusion, and the cleanliness of the interior of the rotating mechanism can be guaranteed even under continuous wading or high-pressure water spraying conditions. Although the friction torque increases due to the increase in contact pressure, the sealing reliability takes precedence over efficiency requirements in extreme environments. This setting sacrifices some mechanical efficiency in exchange for long-term stable operation of the equipment under harsh working conditions, reflecting the protection priority strategy for high-risk environments. It is suitable for water-related operation scenarios such as engineering machinery and agricultural machinery.

[0049] Figure 6 A structural block diagram of a dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. The dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism is applied to the dynamic sealing method with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism as described above. The system includes: A definition module 601 is used to define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, wherein the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity indicate humidity values; The definition module 601 is further used to define a third calibration quantity, a fourth calibration quantity, and a fifth calibration quantity, wherein the third calibration quantity < the fourth calibration quantity < the fifth calibration quantity, and the third calibration quantity, the fourth calibration quantity, and the fifth calibration quantity indicate expansion values; Determination module 602 is configured to determine, in response to the measurement values of the four humidity sensors being less than or equal to a first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are not expanded, the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is low, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor; The determination module 602 is further configured to determine, in response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors and greater than the first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic seal device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate; The determination module 602 is further configured to determine, in response to the second calibration value being ≥ the measured values of at least two of the four humidity sensors being > the first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic seal device is large, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is good; The judgment module 602 is also used to judge that the rotating mechanism is operating in a severely humid environment in response to the measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the second calibration value, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fifth calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is large, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is better.

[0050] In summary, on the one hand, the present technical solution can take into account both the sealing effect and the friction torque of the rotating parts. When the rotating mechanism operates in a dry environment, the dynamic sealing device can ensure the sealing effect while reducing the shaft holding force between the lip and the rotor side annular frame (the pressure of the lip pressed on the rotor side annular frame, the tighter the lip presses on the rotor side annular frame, the greater the pressure of the lip on the rotor side annular frame, that is, the greater the shaft holding force), and reducing the friction torque (the greater the shaft holding force, the tighter the lip presses on the rotor side annular frame, because the lips are made of elastic material, the greater the deformation, the greater the contact area with the rotor side annular frame, the greater the friction torque, and vice versa), thereby improving the efficiency of the rotating mechanism; on the other hand, the present technical solution can also ensure the sealing effect and improve the sealing effect. The technical solution can reduce the lip wear of the dynamic sealing device. Since the lip of the dynamic sealing device and the rotor side annular frame are in sliding friction, that is, the lip is always in contact with the rotor side annular frame, and there is relative motion between the lip and the rotor side annular frame. Long-term operation will cause friction on the lip. This application controls the shaft holding force between the lip and the rotor side annular frame in real time according to the different operating environments of the rotating mechanism. When the environment around the rotating mechanism is relatively dry, the shaft holding force between the lip and the rotor side annular frame is reduced. In a very dry environment, only one lip can be in contact with the rotor side annular frame, and the other lips do not contact the rotor side annular frame. While ensuring the sealing effect, the friction between the lip and the rotor side annular frame is reduced, thereby reducing the wear of the lip.

[0051] In the embodiments disclosed herein, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood broadly. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; and "connected" may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments disclosed herein based on specific circumstances.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, characterized in that: The dynamic sealing device 1 comprises: A stator-side annular frame, which is press-fitted onto the outer periphery of the rotating mechanism stator and remains stationary along the rotating mechanism stator, and a first lip frame, a second lip frame, and a third lip frame are sequentially provided on the outer periphery along its axial direction, wherein the first lip frame, the second lip frame, and the third lip frame are respectively provided with a first lip, a second lip, and a third lip; and a rotor-side annular frame, which is press-fitted onto the inner circumference of the rotating mechanism rotor and rotates along with the rotating mechanism rotor; the rotating mechanism rotor and the rotating mechanism stator are both sleeved on the rotating mechanism central axis; the rotating mechanism rotor rotates around the rotating mechanism stator and the rotating mechanism central axis; Among them, the second lip and the third lip are both installed with expansion rings. When the expansion ring is not expanded, the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor side annular frame; when the expansion ring is expanded, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor side annular frame and can adjust the axial holding force with the rotor side annular frame; the first lip is always in contact with the rotor side annular frame.

2. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of humidity sensors are further provided at the outer periphery of the rotating mechanism stator close to the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor, for controlling the expansion value of the expansion ring according to the humidity values detected by the plurality of humidity sensors.

3. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the humidity sensors is four, and the four humidity sensors are evenly spaced along the outer circumference of the stator of the rotating mechanism.

4. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stator side annular rubber bag is further provided on the inner periphery of the stator side annular skeleton close to the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor.

5. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotor side annular rubber bag is further provided on the outer periphery of the rotor side annular skeleton close to the opening side of the rotating mechanism rotor.

6. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion ring includes a first hydraulic oil cavity and a second hydraulic oil cavity that are symmetrically arranged, and a first expansion arc column and a second expansion arc column located between the first hydraulic oil cavity and the second hydraulic oil cavity; The first hydraulic oil chamber is provided with a first plunger and a second plunger at both ends, and the second hydraulic oil chamber is provided with a third plunger and a fourth plunger at both ends; The first end of the first plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the first hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the first plunger is connected to the first end of the first expansion arc column; The first end of the second plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the first hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the second plunger is connected to the first end of the second expansion arc column; The first end of the third plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the second hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the third plunger is connected to the second end of the first expansion arc column; The first end of the fourth plunger is slidably connected to the interior of the second hydraulic oil chamber, and the second end of the fourth plunger is connected to the second end of the second expansion arc column.

7. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first hydraulic oil chamber and the second hydraulic oil chamber are connected to an external hydraulic oil pump through pipelines.

8. The dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first lip, the second lip, and the third lip are made of elastic material.

9. A dynamic sealing method with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, characterized in that: The method is applied to the dynamic sealing device with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the method comprises: Define the first scale quantity and the second scale quantity, the first scale quantity < the second scale quantity, the first scale quantity and the second scale quantity indicate the humidity value; define the third scale quantity, the fourth scale quantity, and the fifth scale quantity, the third scale quantity < the fourth scale quantity < the fifth scale quantity, the third scale quantity, the fourth scale quantity, and the fifth scale quantity indicate the expansion value; When the measured values of the four humidity sensors are all less than or equal to the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are not expanded, the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is poor; In response to the second calibration value being ≥ the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic seal device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate; In response to the second calibration value being ≥ the measured values of at least two of the four humidity sensors being greater than the first calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is good; In response to the measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than the second calibration value, it is determined that the rotating mechanism is operating in a severely humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip expand, and the expansion value = the fifth calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor side annular frame is large, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is larger, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is better.

10. A dynamic sealing system with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism, the system being applied to the dynamic sealing method with adjustable friction torque for a rotating mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system comprises: A definition module is used to define a first calibration quantity and a second calibration quantity, the first calibration quantity is less than the second calibration quantity, and the first calibration quantity and the second calibration quantity indicate humidity values; The definition module is further used to define a third calibration quantity, a fourth calibration quantity, and a fifth calibration quantity, wherein the third calibration quantity < the fourth calibration quantity < the fifth calibration quantity, and the third calibration quantity, the fourth calibration quantity, and the fifth calibration quantity indicate expansion values; a determination module configured to determine, in response to the measurement values of the four humidity sensors being less than or equal to a first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a dry environment, that the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, that the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are not expanded, that the second lip and the third lip are not in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, that the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is small, and that the liquid infiltration prevention effect is poor; The determination module is further configured to determine, in response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured value of at least one of the four humidity sensors and greater than the first calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a slightly humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the third calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is small, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is moderate, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is moderate; The determination module is further configured to, in response to the second calibration value being greater than or equal to the measured values of at least two of the four humidity sensors and greater than the first calibration value, determine that the rotating mechanism is operating in a moderately humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second and third lips are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to the fourth calibration value, the second and third lips are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second and third lips and the rotor-side annular frame is moderate, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is large, and the liquid infiltration prevention effect is good; The determination module is further configured to determine, in response to a measurement value of at least one of the four humidity sensors being greater than a second calibration value, that the rotating mechanism is operating in a severely humid environment, the first lip is in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the expansion rings of the second lip and the third lip are expanded, and the expansion value is equal to a fifth calibration value, the second lip and the third lip are in contact with the rotor-side annular frame, the shaft holding force between the second lip and the third lip and the rotor-side annular frame is relatively large, the friction torque of the dynamic sealing device is greater, and the anti-liquid penetration effect is better.

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