A real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of soil hole deformation monitoring, and discloses a real-time monitoring device for karst soil hole deformation, comprising a device housing and a deformation monitor disposed in the device housing. The device housing is provided with a cavity for accommodating the deformation monitor, the cavity is filled with water and is provided with a card slot, the deformation monitor is embedded in the card slot via support plates disposed on both sides, and the end of the deformation monitor extends out of the device housing. The water filled in the cavity provides a stable medium environment for the deformation monitor, and at the same time, a water immersion sensor can detect whether the deformation monitor is soaked, thereby determining whether it is tilted. The first and second ranging ports of the deformation monitor face the detection window and the lens, respectively. Through these two ranging ports, the device can measure distance changes in two directions in real time. When the soil hole deforms, the deformation monitor will sense the change in distance and transmit the data to the monitoring system for analysis and processing, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the soil hole deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of soil hole deformation monitoring, and in particular to a real-time monitoring device for karst soil hole deformation. Background Art

[0002] The current manual measurement methods mainly include three categories according to the different measuring equipment. The first is to use inclinometer measurement, that is, manually install inclinometers at different positions on the inner wall of the tunnel to obtain the inclination angle and change. This type of method includes monitoring methods such as the convergence ruler method and the Bassett convergence system; the second is to use level measurement, such as the precision level hanging steel ruler method. This method has high measurement accuracy, but high operating requirements, low measurement efficiency, large interference in measurement construction, and difficulty in hanging the ruler; the third is to use total station measurement. The total station trigonometric height method can measure accuracy up to millimeter level, but it needs to install reflectors or reflective prisms, otherwise the accuracy is poor, and the cost of the total station is too high. The laser rangefinder can only measure straight-line distance and cannot be used for the detection of soil hole deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation, which overcomes the shortcomings described in the background art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0005] A real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation includes a device housing and a deformation monitor disposed within the device housing. The device housing is provided with a cavity for accommodating the deformation monitor, the cavity is filled with water and has a slot. The deformation monitor is embedded in the slot via support plates disposed on both sides, and the distal end of the deformation monitor extends outside the device housing.

[0006] A lens is provided on the side of the device shell, and a detection window is provided on the upper end surface. The surface of the deformation monitor is provided with a first ranging port and a second ranging port. The first ranging port is arranged toward the detection window, and the second ranging port is arranged toward the lens, so that the distance in two directions can be measured through the first ranging port and the second ranging port. In addition, two water immersion sensors are symmetrically provided on both sides of the lower end of the deformation monitor to detect whether it is wetted by the two water immersion sensors, so as to determine whether the deformation monitor is tilted.

[0007] In a preferred technical solution, the deformation monitor includes a laser rangefinder, a hollow tube, and a pull-out rod. The pull-out rod is inserted into the hollow tube from the outside to the inside. The laser rangefinder is abutted against the end of the hollow tube via a connecting shaft provided on the side of the laser rangefinder. The hollow tube extends out of the side of the device housing.

[0008] The first distance measuring port and the second distance measuring port are respectively arranged on the side surface and the upper end surface of the laser rangefinder, and the support plates are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the laser rangefinder.

[0009] A preferred technical solution is that an annular cavity is provided in the housing of the device. The annular cavity is annular in structure and is connected to the container cavity through communication ports provided at its upper and lower ends. Water in the container cavity flows into the annular cavity through the communication ports.

[0010] A pressure regulating chamber is provided in the hollow tube, and a pull rod is inserted into the pressure regulating chamber to form a piston connection. An exhaust hole is provided on the surface of the hollow tube for connecting to the chamber, so that the pressure in the chamber can be controlled by pulling the pull rod, thereby controlling the water level in the chamber.

[0011] A preferred technical solution is that the upper and lower sides of the inner end of the pressure regulating chamber are provided with a slide groove extending along the length direction of the pressure regulating chamber, and the two ends of the pull rod are respectively provided with a plug and a handle, which are arranged at the end of the pull rod away from the laser rangefinder. The surface of the plug and the corresponding position of the slide groove are respectively provided with a clamping block. When the pull rod is inserted into the pressure regulating chamber, the clamping block is abutted against the surface of the slide groove;

[0012] The middle portion of the handle is bent toward a side away from the laser rangefinder.

[0013] A preferred technical solution is that the pull-out rod is provided with a through hole extending to both left and right ends, and the through hole is connected to the pressure regulating chamber at the end close to the laser rangefinder. The air in the pressure regulating chamber can flow along the through hole. When the through hole is closed at the end away from the laser rangefinder and the pull-out rod is pressed inward, the air in the pressure regulating chamber is squeezed into the chamber along the exhaust hole, increasing the internal pressure of the chamber. As the internal pressure of the chamber increases, the water in the chamber flows into the annular chamber through the connecting port.

[0014] A preferred technical solution is that a closing mechanism is provided at the end of the through hole away from the laser rangefinder, a deformation chamber is provided in the closing mechanism, one end of the deformation chamber is connected to the through hole, and the other end extends to the surface of the closing mechanism through a second exhaust hole, a raised portion is provided in the middle of the deformation chamber, and a raised closing block with a conical protrusion is provided at the end of the deformation chamber away from the through hole, the outer diameter of the raised closing block gradually decreases from the end away from the raised portion to the end close to the raised portion, and the outer diameter of the raised closing block close to the raised portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the raised portion;

[0015] When the closing mechanism is pressed toward the laser rangefinder, the end of the raised closing block abuts against the raised portion to close the flow channel, preventing air from being discharged through the flow channel.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0017] The water in the cavity provides a stable medium environment for the deformation monitor. A water immersion sensor can detect whether the deformation monitor is wet, thereby determining whether it is tilting. The deformation monitor's ranging ports 1 and 2 face the detection window and lens, respectively. Through these two ranging ports, the device can measure distance changes in two directions in real time. When the soil hole deforms, the deformation monitor senses the change in distance and transmits the data to the monitoring system for analysis and processing, enabling real-time monitoring of the soil hole's deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the deformation monitor structure.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Half-section diagram.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded diagram.

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the equipment housing structure.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the deformation monitor.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a half-section schematic diagram of the hollow tube and the pull rod.

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Exploded diagram.

[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the closing mechanism structure.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the squeeze closing mechanism.

[0029] In the figure: equipment housing 1, deformation monitor 2;

[0030] The cavity 11, the card slot 111, the detection window 112, the annular cavity 113, the communication port 1131, and the lens 12;

[0031] Laser rangefinder 21, hollow tube 22, pull rod 23;

[0032] Distance measuring port 1 211, distance measuring port 212, water immersion sensor 213, support plate 214, connecting shaft 215;

[0033] Pressure regulating chamber 221, exhaust hole 1 222, slide groove 223;

[0034] Plug block 231 , clamping block 2311 , through hole 232 , handle 233 , closing mechanism 234 , deformation cavity 2341 , raised closing block 2342 , and second exhaust hole 2343 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention proposes a real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation, comprising a device housing 1 and a deformation monitor 2 disposed within the device housing 1. The device housing 1 is provided with a cavity 11 for accommodating the deformation monitor 2. The cavity 11 is filled with water and has a slot 111. The deformation monitor 2 is embedded in the slot 111 via support plates 214 disposed on both sides, and the distal end of the deformation monitor 2 extends outside the device housing 1.

[0036] A lens 12 is provided on the side of the device housing 1, and a detection window 112 is provided on the upper end surface. A first ranging port 211 and a second ranging port 212 are provided on the surface of the deformation monitor 2. The first ranging port 211 is arranged toward the detection window 112, while the second ranging port 212 is arranged toward the lens 12, so that distances in two directions can be measured through the first ranging port 211 and the second ranging port 212. In addition, two water immersion sensors 213 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the lower end of the deformation monitor 2 to detect whether it is wetted and determine whether the deformation monitor 2 is tilted.

[0037] As can be seen above, the water filling the cavity 11 provides a stable medium environment for the deformation monitor 2. At the same time, the water immersion sensor 213 can detect whether the deformation monitor 2 is wet, thereby determining whether it has tilted. The first and second ranging ports 211 and 212 of the deformation monitor 2 face the detection window 112 and lens 12, respectively. Through these two ranging ports, the device can measure distance changes in two directions in real time. When the soil hole deforms, the deformation monitor 2 senses the distance change and transmits the data to the monitoring system for analysis and processing, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the soil hole deformation.

[0038] Furthermore, the deformation monitor 2 includes a laser rangefinder 21, a hollow tube 22 and a pull rod 23. The pull rod 23 is inserted into the hollow tube 22 from the outside to the inside. The laser rangefinder 21 is abutted against the end of the hollow tube 22 through a connecting shaft 215 provided on its side. The hollow tube 22 extends out of the side of the equipment housing 1. The ranging port 1 211 and the ranging port 2 212 are respectively provided on the side and the upper end surface of the laser rangefinder 21, and the support plates 214 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the laser rangefinder 21.

[0039] In addition, an annular cavity 113 is provided in the device shell 1. The annular cavity 113 is an annular structure. The annular cavity 113 is connected to the cavity 11 through connecting ports 1131 provided at its upper and lower ends. The water in the cavity 11 flows into the annular cavity 113 through the connecting ports 1131. A pressure regulating cavity 221 is provided in the hollow tube 22. The pull-out rod 23 is inserted into the pressure regulating cavity 221 to form a piston connection. An exhaust hole 222 for connecting to the cavity 11 is provided on the surface of the hollow tube 22, so that the pressure in the cavity 11 can be controlled by pulling the pull-out rod 23, thereby controlling the water level in the cavity 11.

[0040] The chamber 11 within the device housing 1 is connected to the annular chamber 113 via the connecting port 1131, allowing water within the chamber 11 to flow into the annular chamber 113 through the connecting port 1131. A pressure regulating chamber 221 is provided within the hollow tube 22, and a pull rod 23 is inserted into the pressure regulating chamber 221 to form a piston connection. By pulling and pulling the pull rod 23, the pressure within the pressure regulating chamber 221 can be changed, thereby affecting the pressure within the chamber 11. Because the water within the chamber 11 is connected to the annular chamber 113, changes in pressure cause the water level to change. The water immersion sensor 213 of the deformation monitor 2 is used to detect whether the deformation monitor 2 is wetted by water, thereby determining whether the device is tilted. When the device tilts, the water level changes, and the relative relationship between the position of the water immersion sensor 213 and the water level also changes. By adjusting the water level, the range within which the water immersion sensor 213 detects water can be changed, thereby adjusting the detectable tilt angle range.

[0041] When a smaller tilt angle needs to be detected, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 221 can be reduced by pulling the pull rod 23 outward, thereby reducing the pressure in the chamber 11 and the annular chamber 113. As the pressure decreases, the water level will rise. At this time, the water immersion sensor 213 can detect water closer to the horizontal position, thereby detecting a smaller tilt angle. For example, when the water level rises, the water immersion sensor 213 will be soaked by water at a smaller tilt angle, thereby triggering a tilt alarm.

[0042] When a larger tilt angle needs to be detected, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 221 can be increased by pushing the pull rod 23 inward, thereby increasing the pressure in the chamber 11. Due to the increase in pressure, the water in the chamber 11 will flow into the annular cavity with the pressure, causing the water level in the chamber 11 to decrease. At this time, the water sensor 213 needs to be tilted to a larger angle in order to be soaked by water. For example, when the water level decreases, the device needs to be tilted to a larger angle in order for the water sensor 213 to be soaked by water, thereby triggering the tilt alarm.

[0043] In addition, the upper and lower sides of the inner end of the pressure regulating chamber 221 are provided with a slide groove 223 extending along the length direction of the pressure regulating chamber 221, and the two ends of the pulling rod 23 are respectively provided with a plug 231 and a handle 233, 233 is arranged at the end of the pulling rod 23 away from the laser rangefinder 21, and the surface of the plug 231 and the corresponding position of the slide groove 223 are respectively provided with a clamping block 2311. When the pulling rod 23 is inserted into the pressure regulating chamber 221, the clamping block 2311 is against the surface of the slide groove 223; the middle part of the handle 233 is bent toward the side away from the laser rangefinder 21.

[0044] Furthermore, the pulling rod 23 is provided with a through hole 232 extending to the left and right ends. The through hole 232 is connected to the pressure regulating chamber 221 at one end close to the laser rangefinder 21. The air in the pressure regulating chamber 221 can flow along the through hole 232. When the through hole 232 is closed and the end away from the laser rangefinder 21 is moved inward and the pulling rod 23 is pressed inward, the air in the pressure regulating chamber 221 is squeezed into the cavity 11 along the exhaust hole 222, thereby increasing the internal pressure of the cavity 11. As the internal pressure of the cavity 11 increases, the water in the cavity 11 flows into the annular cavity 113 through the connecting port 1131.

[0045] The presence of the through hole 232 allows air to flow freely in the pressure regulating chamber 221, so that when the pulling rod 23 moves, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 221 can be quickly balanced. If there is no through hole 232, the movement of the pulling rod 23 may be hindered by air resistance, resulting in difficulty in operation. The design of the through hole 232 ensures that the pulling rod 23 can be smoothly pulled and drawn in the pressure regulating chamber 221, improving the operational convenience and reliability of the device. In the process of pushing and pulling the pulling rod 23, the through hole 232 allows the air in the pressure regulating chamber 221 to flow quickly, thereby achieving rapid pressure changes. When the pulling rod 23 is pushed quickly, the air in the pressure regulating chamber 221 is quickly compressed through the through hole 232 and enters the chamber 11 through the exhaust hole 222, causing the pressure in the chamber 11 to increase rapidly. This rapid response mechanism is crucial for real-time adjustment of the water level and can ensure that the equipment can adapt to different monitoring needs in a short time.

[0046] In addition, a closing mechanism 234 is provided at the end of the through hole 232 away from the laser rangefinder 21, and a deformation cavity 2341 is provided in the closing mechanism 234. One end of the deformation cavity 2341 is communicated with the through hole 232, and the other end extends to the surface of the closing mechanism 234 through an exhaust hole 2343. A raised portion is provided in the middle of the deformation cavity 2341, and a raised closing block 2342 with a conical protrusion is provided at the end of the deformation cavity 2341 away from the through hole 232. The outer diameter of the raised closing block 2342 gradually decreases from the end away from the raised portion to the end close to the raised portion, and the outer diameter of the raised closing block 2342 close to the raised portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the raised portion. When the closing mechanism 234 is squeezed toward the laser rangefinder 21, the end of the raised closing block 2342 abuts against the raised portion to close the flow channel, so that air cannot be discharged through the flow channel.

[0047] When the closing mechanism 234 is not closed, the through hole 232 remains open, and air can flow freely through the through hole 232. When the pull-out rod 23 is pulled outward, the air in the pressure-regulating chamber 221 flows outward through the through hole 232, and the pressure in the pressure-regulating chamber 221 decreases. At this time, the pressure in the chamber 11 is relatively high, and the water level height will not change significantly, or will only change slightly. In this state, the pressure regulation function of the device is suppressed, and it mainly plays a role in the smooth movement of the pull-out rod 23 without significantly affecting the pressure in the chamber 11. The through hole 232 remains open, and air can flow freely through the through hole 232. When the pull-out rod 23 is pushed inward, the air in the pressure-regulating chamber 221 is compressed, but since the through hole 232 is open, the compressed air can be discharged through the through hole 232, and will not significantly increase the pressure in the pressure-regulating chamber 221. In this state, pushing the pull-out rod 23 will not have a significant effect on the pressure in the chamber 11. The pressure regulation function of the device is suppressed, and it mainly plays a role in the smooth movement of the pull-out rod 23.

[0048] When the closing mechanism 234 is squeezed closed, the end of the raised closing block 2342 abuts against the raised portion to close the flow channel, the through hole 232 is closed, and air cannot flow through the through hole 232. When the pull rod 23 is pulled outward, the air in the pressure regulating chamber 221 cannot be discharged through the through hole 232, resulting in a decrease in the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 221. Since the through hole 232 is closed, the pressure in the chamber 11 is relatively high, and the water level will increase significantly. In this state, the pressure regulation function of the device is activated, and by reducing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 221, the water in the chamber 11 is "sucked" into the annular chamber 113, thereby changing the water level and achieving adjustment of the tilt angle range. In addition, the closing mechanism 234 is squeezed closed, the through hole 232 is closed, and air cannot flow through the through hole 232. When the pull rod 23 is pushed inward, the air in the pressure-regulating chamber 221 is compressed. However, because the through hole 232 is closed, the compressed air cannot be discharged through the through hole 232, causing the pressure in the pressure-regulating chamber 221 to increase significantly. This pressure increase is transmitted to the chamber 11 through the exhaust hole 222, causing the pressure in the chamber 11 to increase and the water level to decrease significantly. In this state, the pressure regulation function of the device is activated. By increasing the pressure in the pressure-regulating chamber 221, the water in the chamber 11 is "squeezed" into the annular cavity 113, thereby changing the water level and adjusting the tilt angle range.

[0049] As can be seen from the above, the design of the closing mechanism 234 provides the device with a flexible pressure adjustment function. When the closing mechanism 234 is not closed, the through hole 232 remains open, and the movement of the pull rod 23 will not have a significant impact on the pressure in the cavity 11, and it mainly plays a role in smooth movement. When the closing mechanism 234 is squeezed closed, the through hole 232 is closed, and the movement of the pull rod 23 can significantly change the pressure in the pressure regulating cavity 221, and then change the water level in the cavity 11 through the pressure conduction mechanism, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tilt angle range. This design enables the equipment to flexibly adjust its working state according to different monitoring needs, thereby improving the applicability and reliability of the equipment.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and therefore cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the present invention and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation, characterized in that: The device comprises a housing and a deformation monitor disposed in the housing. The housing is provided with a cavity for accommodating the deformation monitor. The cavity is filled with water and has a card slot. The deformation monitor is embedded in the card slot via support plates disposed on both sides, and the end of the deformation monitor extends out of the housing. A lens is provided on the side of the device housing, and a detection window is provided on the upper end surface. A first distance measuring port and a second distance measuring port are provided on the surface of the deformation monitor. The first distance measuring port is arranged toward the detection window, and the second distance measuring port is arranged toward the lens, so that distances in two directions can be measured through the first and second distance measuring ports. Two water immersion sensors are also symmetrically provided on both sides of the lower end of the deformation monitor to detect whether it is wetted and determine whether the deformation monitor is tilted. The deformation monitor includes a laser rangefinder, a hollow tube, and a pull rod. The pull rod is inserted into the hollow tube from the outside to the inside. The laser rangefinder is abutted against the end of the hollow tube through a connecting shaft provided on the side of the hollow tube. The hollow tube extends out of the side of the device housing. The first and second ranging ports are respectively arranged on the side and upper end surface of the laser rangefinder, and the support plates are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the laser rangefinder; The device housing is provided with an annular cavity, which is an annular structure. The annular cavity is connected to the container through the communication ports provided at the upper and lower ends thereof. The water in the container flows into the annular cavity through the communication ports. A pressure regulating chamber is provided in the hollow tube, and a pull rod is inserted into the pressure regulating chamber to form a piston connection. An exhaust hole is provided on the surface of the hollow tube for connecting to the chamber, so that the pressure in the chamber can be controlled by pulling the pull rod, thereby controlling the water level in the chamber.

2. The real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A slide groove extending along the length of the pressure regulating chamber is provided on the upper and lower sides of the inner end of the pressure regulating chamber. A plug and a handle are respectively provided at both ends of the pull rod, which are arranged at the end of the pull rod away from the laser rangefinder. A clamping block is respectively provided at the corresponding position of the plug surface and the slide groove. When the pull rod is inserted into the pressure regulating chamber, the clamping block abuts against the surface of the slide groove. The middle portion of the handle is bent toward a side away from the laser rangefinder.

3. The real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pull rod is provided with a through hole extending to the left and right ends. The end of the through hole close to the laser rangefinder is connected to the pressure regulating chamber. The air in the pressure regulating chamber can flow along the through hole. When the through hole is closed at the end away from the laser rangefinder and the pull rod is pressed inward, the air in the pressure regulating chamber is squeezed into the chamber along the exhaust hole, increasing the internal pressure of the chamber. As the internal pressure of the chamber increases, the water in the chamber flows into the annular chamber through the connecting port.

4. The real-time monitoring device for karst soil cave deformation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A closing mechanism is provided at the end of the through hole away from the laser rangefinder, and a deformation cavity is provided in the closing mechanism. One end of the deformation cavity is connected to the through hole, and the other end extends to the surface of the closing mechanism through a second exhaust hole. A raised portion is provided in the middle of the deformation cavity, and a raised closing block with a conical protrusion is provided at the end of the deformation cavity away from the through hole. The outer diameter of the raised closing block gradually decreases from the end away from the raised portion to the end close to the raised portion, and the outer diameter of the raised closing block close to the raised portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the raised portion. When the closing mechanism is pressed toward the laser rangefinder, the end of the raised closing block abuts against the raised portion to close the flow channel, preventing air from being discharged through the flow channel.

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