Depth-adjustable earth surface matrix sampling device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of earth surface matrix sampling, in particular to a depth-adjustable earth surface matrix sampling device and method.The depth-adjustable earth surface matrix sampling device comprises a sampling frame which is of a rectangular frame structure, a concentric-square-shaped frame is slidably installed in the sampling frame, and a driving assembly for driving the concentric-square-shaped frame to move in the longitudinal direction of the sampling frame is arranged on the sampling frame; the sampling barrel is mounted at the bottom of the concentric-square-shaped frame, a sampling rotating shaft is rotationally arranged on the central axis of the sampling barrel, a spiral blade is arranged at the bottom of the sampling rotating shaft, an adjusting part is arranged at the top in the sampling barrel, and a rotating part for driving the sampling rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the concentric-square-shaped frame; the depth adjusting assembly is arranged in the concentric-square-shaped frame and is connected with the upper end of the sampling rotating shaft; the device has height adjustability and accuracy, the driving assembly and the depth adjusting assembly are matched with scale marks, the sampling depth and the sample thickness can be accurately controlled, negative pressure sampling and discharging are achieved through the adjusting piece, and it is ensured that the sample is pure and complete; the rotating piece drives the spiral blade to efficiently crush soil and remove impurities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surface matrix sampling, and in particular to a depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device and method. Background Art

[0002] Surface matrix sampling is a critical step in fields such as geological exploration, environmental monitoring, and engineering construction. Its core objective is to accurately collect samples at varying depths, providing reliable data for subsequent analysis. Currently, backpack drills are a common tool for shallow surface matrix sampling in the field due to their portability and flexibility. However, existing sampling devices have significant limitations in depth control, making them inadequate for high-precision exploration.

[0003] For example, existing surface matrix sampling devices (such as the surface matrix sampling auxiliary device suitable for backpack drilling, published as CN118728374A) primarily rely on a lifting screw and motor to achieve vertical movement of the drill rod to adjust the sampling depth. The operating principle is as follows: the motor drives the screw to rotate, driving the mounting plate and drill rod up and down. After drilling is completed, a vibrating block separates the sample. However, this type of device only provides rough position control, and depth adjustment relies on operator experience or simple mechanical limiters. It lacks a precise control mechanism directly linked to the sampling depth, as shown below: First, when the above-mentioned sampling device takes samples at a certain depth, it is necessary to first remove the matrix above the depth and then collect samples at the target depth. That is, two samplings are required to obtain samples at a certain depth, and the actual sampling depth cannot be grasped in real time during the process of going deep into the surface; secondly, the above-mentioned sampling device relies on the friction between the inner wall of the borehole and the sample to lift the sample. However, the friction is restricted by many conditions such as the formation material and humidity, and it is difficult to accurately control, which may cause the sample to slip during the drilling and lifting process; finally, the method of separating the sample with a vibrating block can easily destroy the integrity of the sample, making it impossible to ensure the structural integrity of the sample, affecting the accuracy of its subsequent analysis.

[0004] Based on this, this application makes further optimization and improvements on how to achieve precise adjustment and control of the surface matrix sampling depth, ensuring that under different terrain conditions, the sampling device can accurately control the drilling depth according to demand, and provide real-time feedback on the actual sampling depth, avoiding technical problems such as sampling errors or equipment damage caused by depth deviation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a surface matrix sampling device and method with adjustable depth.

[0006] In a first aspect, a depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device comprises: The sampling frame is a rectangular frame structure, in which a return frame is slidably installed. The sampling frame is provided with a driving assembly for driving the return frame to move along its longitudinal direction; The sampling tube is installed at the bottom of the circular frame. The bottom of the sampling frame has a notch for the sampling tube to penetrate into the surface matrix to sample. A sampling shaft is rotatably provided on the central axis of the sampling tube. A spiral blade is provided at the bottom of the sampling shaft for digging out excess soil matrix above the sample. An adjustment member is provided at the top of the sampling tube for adjusting the pressure inside the sampling tube when lifting the sample and for transporting excess soil matrix out of the sampling tube. A rotating member is provided on the circular frame for driving the sampling shaft to rotate. The depth adjustment component is arranged in the circular frame and connected to the upper end of the sampling shaft, and is used to adjust the depth of the geological matrix and the thickness of the sample.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting member includes a mounting plate assembled in the sampling cylinder, on which is mounted an electric push rod with two telescopic ends downwardly directed, a piston plate slidingly provided below the mounting plate in the sampling cylinder, the piston plate slidingly fitting against the inner side wall of the sampling cylinder, and an output end of the electric push rod being connected to the piston plate.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the sampling cylinder is circumferentially provided with a plurality of discharge openings, and the discharge openings are located below the piston plate. The inner wall of the sampling cylinder is slidingly provided with a closing ring for closing the discharge openings, and the closing ring is connected to the piston plate by a plurality of elastic connecting parts.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic connecting member includes an arc-shaped connecting plate, the lower end of the arc-shaped connecting plate is connected to the closed ring, the upper end is connected to an adapter rod, the upper end of the adapter rod slides through the piston plate and is provided with a protruding plate, and an adjusting spring is provided between the protruding plate and the piston plate.

[0010] Preferably, the depth adjustment assembly includes a mounting ring that is rotatably mounted after the upper end of the sampling shaft extends out of the sampling tube, and two extension rods are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the mounting ring. A snap-fitting recess is provided on the side of the extension rod facing away from the mounting ring, and a stop member is provided on the side wall of the return frame that cooperates with the snap-fitting recess to control the descending height of the sampling shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the stop member includes a strip hole opened on the side wall of the return frame, a longitudinal slide rail with a U-shaped cross-section is embedded in the strip hole, the engaging recess slides in the longitudinal slide rail, a plurality of snap-in holes are opened on the side wall of the longitudinal slide rail at equal intervals, a U-shaped plate is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal slide rail for sliding through a T-shaped slide groove, and the U-shaped plate slides longitudinally along the T-shaped slide groove between the plurality of snap-in holes.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding rod is provided on the U-shaped plate for sliding movement, a return spring is provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the longitudinal slide rail, and a snap-in protrusion adapted to the snap-in hole is installed at the other end of the sliding rod, the snap-in protrusion is plugged into the snap-in concave block, and the two are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0013] Preferably, the side wall of the sampling frame is provided with a second scale bar that cooperates with the return frame; the side wall of the longitudinal slide rail is provided with a first scale bar that cooperates with the engaging recessed block.

[0014] Preferably, a guide ring is detachably mounted at the notch at the bottom of the sampling frame, and the sampling tube is slidably arranged in the guide ring.

[0015] In a second aspect, a depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling method is provided, the sampling method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation: Install the guide ring, use the drive assembly to return the jig to its initial position, and adjust the position of the U-shaped plate according to the sample thickness so that the locking protrusions are out of the locking holes to avoid accidental locking. The second step is sampling: the driving assembly drives the sampling barrel to the predetermined depth, adjusts the U-shaped plate to lock the spiral blade's descending end point, and the rotating part drives the spiral blade to crush the soil and remove impurities, completing the sample collection; Step 3: Processing: The electric push rod contracts to form a negative pressure in the sampling tube to fix the sample, and the drive assembly runs in the reverse direction, driving the sampling tube to withdraw from the surface matrix; Step 4: Remove: As the electric push rod extends, the pressure balance is restored, the depth adjustment component is released, and the sampling shaft and spiral blade push out the sample by their own weight.

[0016] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects: First, the present invention utilizes the engagement recess of the depth adjustment assembly and the stopper to precisely set the spiral blade's descending height according to the first scale bar, thereby adjusting the sample thickness. Combined with the second scale bar on the sampling frame, the depth of the sampling barrel's penetration into the surface matrix can be precisely controlled. This combination enables precise adjustment of both sampling depth and sample thickness, ensuring consistent depth and thickness for each sampling, improving the accuracy and reliability of sample collection.

[0017] 2. The electric push rod in the adjusting part of the present invention drives the piston plate to move, and a negative pressure state can be formed in the sampling tube after sampling is completed, preventing the sample from falling off during the lifting process, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sample; the discharge port on the outer wall of the sampling tube can discharge excess soil matrix when the spiral blade rotates, and the closing ring closes the discharge port after discharge to avoid sample accumulation and ensure the purity of the sample.

[0018] Third, the present invention incorporates a debris collection element, which, driven by a second electric push rod, allows the collection of fragments from a specified depth to continue after the complete sample is collected. The conical bottom of the collection tube facilitates fragment collection, and the removable guide ring facilitates easy removal of the collection tube. This allows for the diverse collection of samples (whole samples, fragments), expanding the device's application scenarios and enhancing its practicality and flexibility. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sampling tube and the adjusting member of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the depth adjustment component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This invention Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the stop member of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure among the adjusting member, the sampling shaft and the spiral blades of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the elastic connecting piece of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the debris collecting component of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, 1, sampling frame; 2, return frame; 3, drive assembly; 4, sampling tube; 41, sampling shaft; 42, spiral blade; 5, adjustment member; 6, rotating member; 7, depth adjustment assembly; 11, guide ring; 301, screw rod; 302, motor 1; 701, mounting ring; 702, extension rod; 703, engaging concave block; 704, stop member; 705, longitudinal slide rail; 706, snap-in hole; 707, U-shaped plate; 708, slide rod; 70 9. Return spring; 710. Engaging protrusion; 101. Second scale bar; 102. First scale bar; 601. Second motor; 602. Transmission rod; 501. Mounting plate; 502. Electric push rod one; 503. Piston plate; 504. Fixed sleeve; 505. Discharge port; 506. Closing ring; 507. Arc connecting plate; 508. Adapter rod; 509. Adjustment spring; 801. Collecting cylinder; 802. Capping ring cover; 803. Electric push rod two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following combination Figures 1-8 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0030] Example 1: Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device comprises: The sampling frame 1 is a rectangular frame structure, in which a roll frame 2 is slidably installed. The sampling frame 1 is provided with a driving component 3 for driving the roll frame 2 to move in its longitudinal direction.

[0031] The sampling tube 4 is installed at the bottom of the circular frame 2. The bottom of the sampling frame 1 has a notch for the sampling tube 4 to penetrate into the surface matrix for sampling. A sampling shaft 41 is rotatably provided on the central axis of the sampling tube 4. A spiral blade 42 is provided at the bottom of the sampling shaft 41 for digging out excess soil matrix above the sample. An adjusting member 5 is provided at the top of the sampling tube 4 for adjusting the pressure inside the sampling tube 4 when the sampling tube 4 lifts the sample and for transporting excess soil matrix to the outside of the sampling tube 4. A rotating member 6 for driving the sampling shaft 41 to rotate is provided on the circular frame 2.

[0032] The depth adjustment assembly 7 is disposed in the circular frame 2 and connected to the upper end of the sampling shaft 41 for adjusting the depth of the geological matrix and the thickness of the sample.

[0033] During implementation, the driving component 3 controls the movement of the roll frame 2 to drive the sampling tube 4 to penetrate into the surface matrix. When it penetrates to a predetermined depth, the depth adjustment component 7 is started, and the preset spiral blade 42 descends to a predetermined height, that is, the thickness of the sample obtained is adjusted. Then, the rotating part 6 drives the sampling shaft 41 to rotate, and the spiral blade 42 digs the soil from top to bottom until it reaches the preset height at which the spiral blade 42 descends. A sample of the required depth can be obtained, and in this process, the adjustment part 5 discharges excess soil to avoid sample accumulation in the sampling tube 4, ensuring the purity of the sample.

[0034] After sampling is complete, the pressure within the sampling tube 4 is first adjusted using the adjustment member 5, resulting in a negative pressure within the sampling tube 4 above the sample being taken, preventing the sample from falling out during the lifting process. The drive assembly 3 then reverses, and the return frame 2 pulls the sampling tube 4 out of the surface matrix. This negative pressure ensures that the sample does not scatter during the lifting process, ensuring sample integrity. Finally, the adjustment member 5 is reset to restore the pressure balance within the sampling tube 4, releasing the depth adjustment member 7, allowing the sampling shaft 41 and spiral blade 42 to move downward under their own gravity, pushing the sample out of the sampling tube 4 smoothly, completing the sampling process.

[0035] See Figure 1 As shown, further, a guide ring 11 is detachably installed at the bottom notch of the sampling frame 1, and the sampling tube 4 is slidably arranged in the guide ring 11. The guide ring 11 ensures that the sampling tube 4 moves up and down stably to prevent deflection. In addition, the guide ring 11 is made of highly wear-resistant material to extend its service life.

[0036] The side wall of the sampling frame 1 is provided with a slide rail hole for the longitudinal movement of the return frame 2 to ensure the smooth sliding of the return frame 2. The slide rail hole is lined with anti-friction material to reduce friction resistance and improve movement accuracy.

[0037] Continue reading Figure 1 As shown, the driving assembly 3 includes two sets of screw rods 301, which are respectively rotatably arranged on both sides of the sampling frame 1, and the screw rods 301 are threaded through the return frame 2, and the longitudinal movement of the return frame 2 is controlled by the rotation of the screw rods 301; a motor 302 is installed on the top of the sampling frame 1 through a motor seat, and the output end of the motor 302 is connected to the two screw rods 301 through a belt drive.

[0038] When the motor 1 302 is started, the two sets of screw rods 301 are driven to rotate synchronously through the two sets of belt transmission, thereby accurately controlling the lifting and lowering of the return frame 2, ensuring that the sampling tube 4 steadily penetrates into or exits the surface matrix, and improving the sampling accuracy and efficiency.

[0039] See Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the depth adjustment assembly 7 includes a mounting ring 701 that is rotatably mounted after the upper end of the sampling shaft 41 extends out of the sampling tube 4, and two extension rods 702 are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the mounting ring 701. A snap-fitting recess 703 is provided on the side of the extension rod 702 facing away from the mounting ring 701, and a stopper 704 is provided on the side wall of the return frame 2 to cooperate with the snap-fitting recess 703 to control the descending height of the sampling shaft 41.

[0040] Initially, the spiral blade 42 is at the lowest point of the sampling tube 4. At this time, the mounting ring 701, the extension rod 702 and the engaging recess 703 are at the lowest point of the return frame 2, and are also at the lowest engaging position of the stopper 704. Figure 2 Status shown.

[0041] The stop member 704 includes a strip hole opened on the side wall of the return frame 2, and a longitudinal slide rail 705 with a U-shaped cross-section is embedded in the strip hole. The engaging recessed block 703 slides in the longitudinal slide rail 705, and a number of engaging holes 706 are opened at equal intervals on the side wall of the longitudinal slide rail 705. A U-shaped plate 707 is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal slide rail 705 for sliding through a T-shaped slide groove. The U-shaped plate 707 slides longitudinally along the T-shaped slide groove between the number of engaging holes 706. A slide rod 708 is provided on the U-shaped plate 707 for sliding. A return spring 709 is provided at one end of the slide rod 708 away from the longitudinal slide rail 705, and a engaging protrusion 710 adapted to the engaging hole 706 is installed at the other end of the slide rod 708. The engaging protrusion 710 is plugged into and matched with the engaging concave block 703, and the two are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0042] When the sampling depth needs to be adjusted, the operator only needs to pull the slide bar 708 to disengage the locking protrusion 710 from the locking hole 706, and the U-shaped plate 707 moves to a new position along the longitudinal slide rail 705 (this position is the height position displayed by the sample thickness required after the sampling tube 4 penetrates the specified depth of the surface matrix. Because the spiral blade 42 is initially located at the bottom of the sampling tube 4, the distance between the spiral blade 42 and the bottom of the sampling tube 4 is the obtained sample thickness, which is also the height difference between the U-shaped plate 707 and the new position from the bottom). Then, the slide bar 708 is reset, and the locking protrusion 710 is re-engaged. The sampling tube 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 706 at the new position. However, during actual sampling, the sampling tube 4 first penetrates the specified depth of the surface matrix, and then drives the spiral blade 42 to run. At this time, the spiral blade 42 is at the highest point in the sampling tube 4. As the spiral blade 42 begins to rotate and descend, the soil sample in the sampling tube 4 is gradually broken and discharged until the spiral blade 42 moves down to the corresponding height of the insertion hole 706 at the new position. At this time, under the magnetic attraction between the locking protrusion 710 and the locking concave block 703, the locking protrusion 710 is automatically locked into the locking concave block 703, achieving precise stopping and ensuring consistent sampling depth.

[0043] In order to prevent the spiral blade 42 from moving upward relative to the sampling barrel 4 at the beginning, that is, when the sampling barrel 4 begins to penetrate the surface matrix, causing the engaging recess 703 to move upward and engage with the newly positioned engaging protrusion 710, resulting in the spiral blade 42 being unable to move to the highest point relative to the sampling barrel 4. Based on this, at the beginning, the engaging protrusion 710 is moved between two adjacent engaging holes 706 to prevent the engaging recess 703 from contacting the engaging protrusion 710 in advance, ensuring that the spiral blade 42 rises smoothly to the highest point, avoiding the phenomenon of accidental locking, and ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the sampling process, the operator needs to adjust the engaging protrusion 710 to the predetermined engaging hole 706 after the sampling barrel 4 penetrates the specified depth into the geological matrix, ensuring that the spiral blade 42 starts to descend from the highest point, accurately controlling the sampling thickness, and improving the reliability of sample collection.

[0044] In addition, a gap is left between the upper end of the longitudinal slide rail 705 and the top of the strip hole so that the U-shaped plate 707 can be removed from the longitudinal slide rail 705.

[0045] See Figure 1 As shown, the side wall of the sampling frame 1 is provided with a second scale bar 101 that cooperates with the roll frame 2. The roll frame 2 is driven by the driving component 3 to move along the second scale bar 101, thereby driving the sampling tube 4 to penetrate into the surface matrix. The roll frame 2 corresponds to the second scale bar 101. By observing the specific scale position of the roll frame 2 on the second scale bar 101, the penetration depth of the sampling tube 4 can be accurately grasped to ensure the consistency and accuracy of each sampling. At the same time, the mark on the second scale bar 101 corresponds to the depth of the sampling tube 4, which is convenient for the operator to quickly locate and adjust, further improving the sampling efficiency.

[0046] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the sidewall of the longitudinal slide rail 705 is provided with a first scale bar 102 that cooperates with the engaging recessed block 703. The scale on the first scale bar 102 corresponds to the position of the engaging recessed block 703. The operator can precisely adjust the position of the engaging protrusion 710 according to the scale on the first scale bar 102, ensuring consistent sample thickness each time and improving the accuracy of sample collection. At the same time, the design of the first scale bar 102 facilitates the operator to quickly identify and adjust. The precise position of the engaging protrusion 710 on the second scale bar 101 can be used to determine the current position of the spiral blade 42, thereby determining the thickness of the sample taken from the sampling barrel 4, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the sampling data each time.

[0047] See Figure 3 As shown, the rotating part 6 includes a second motor 601, which is installed on the top of the return frame 2. A sliding hole is provided on the axis of the upper end of the sampling shaft 41, and a transmission rod 602 is axially slidable in the sliding hole. The upper end of the transmission rod 602 is rotatably provided on the top of the return frame 2 and is connected to the output end of the second motor 601. An axial groove is provided on the side wall of the transmission rod 602, and an axial bar that slides with the axial groove is provided in the sliding hole.

[0048] When the spiral blade 42 is at the highest point of the sampling tube 4, the motor 2 601 is started, and the transmission rod 602 drives the sampling shaft 41 to rotate through the cooperation of the axial groove and the axial bar, and the spiral blade 42 rotates accordingly. At the same time, under the action of the extension rod 702 with a counterweight function and the mounting ring 701, the spiral blade 42 gradually descends during the rotation process until the engaging concave block 703 is plugged into the engaging protrusion 710 at the new position. At this time, the sampling shaft 41 stops rotating, and the sample at the bottom of the spiral blade 42 in the sampling tube 4 is the sample of the collected thickness.

[0049] See Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the adjusting member 5 includes a mounting plate 501 assembled in the sampling tube 4, and an electric push rod 502 with two telescopic ends facing downward is installed on the mounting plate 501. A piston plate 503 is slidingly provided below the mounting plate 501 in the sampling tube 4. The piston plate 503 slides in contact with the inner wall of the sampling tube 4, and the output end of the electric push rod 502 is connected to the piston plate 503. A fixed sleeve 504 is jointly installed on the central axis between the top of the sampling tube 4 and the mounting plate 501, and the sampling shaft 41 is slidably provided in the fixed sleeve 504.

[0050] After sampling is completed, the electric push rod 502 contracts, the piston plate 503 rises, and the space below the piston plate 503 of the sampling tube 4 is expanded, which is in a negative pressure state. Therefore, the sample in the sampling tube 4 is tightly attached to the piston plate 503 under the action of negative pressure, preventing the sample from slipping out of the sampling tube 4.

[0051] The outer wall of the sampling cylinder 4 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of discharge openings 505, and the discharge openings 505 are located below the piston plate 503. The inner wall of the sampling cylinder 4 is slidingly provided with a closing ring 506 for closing the discharge openings 505, and the closing ring 506 is connected to the piston plate 503 by a plurality of elastic connecting parts.

[0052] The elastic connecting part includes an arc-shaped connecting plate 507, the lower end of which is connected to the closed ring 506, and the upper end is connected to the adapter rod 508. The upper end of the adapter rod 508 slides through the piston plate 503 and is provided with a protruding plate. An adjustment spring 509 is provided between the protruding plate and the piston plate 503.

[0053] When the rotating part 6 starts, the spiral blade 42 is driven to rotate and descend. The spiral blade 42 breaks the sample in the sampling tube 4 from top to bottom, and the broken sample is discharged from the sampling tube 4 through the discharge port 505. When the discharge is completed, the electric push rod 1 502 starts again, pulling the piston plate 503 up. At the same time, the piston plate 503 drives the closing ring 506 to move up under the action of the arc-shaped connecting plate 507 of the adapter rod 508 and the adjusting spring 509, closing the discharge port 505 to ensure that a closed space is formed in the sampling tube 4. Then the piston plate 503 continues to move up, and the adapter rod 508 will press against the bottom of the mounting plate 501 to keep the closing ring 506 stationary. At this time, the adjusting spring 509 is compressed, and the piston plate 503 slides on the adapter rod 508 until the piston plate 503 moves to the highest point. At this time, negative pressure is formed in the sampling tube 4, ensuring that the sample is close to the piston plate 503 to prevent slipping.

[0054] It should be noted that the adaptor rod 508 and the piston plate 503 are slidably engaged via a sealing ring to prevent air leakage and ensure a negative pressure effect. The upper end of the arc-shaped connecting plate 507 limits the shortest distance between the piston plate 503 and the closed ring 506.

[0055] Example 2: See Figure 8 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, the outer wall of the sampling tube 4 is provided with a debris collecting piece, and the debris collecting piece includes a collecting tube 801 which is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the sampling tube 4, and the bottom of the collecting tube 801 is a conical structure. A capping ring cover 802 is detachably installed on the top of the collecting tube 801, and an auxiliary support plate is symmetrically provided in the middle of the bottom side of the roll frame 2, and an electric push rod 2 803 with the output shaft downward is installed on the auxiliary support plate, and the output end of the electric push rod 2 803 is detachably connected to the capping ring cover 802.

[0056] When it is necessary to collect sample fragments at a specified depth, after the sampling operation in Example 1, the thickness of the sample at the specified depth is complete. In order to collect sample fragments at this depth, the spiral blade 42 continues to rotate, while driving the sampling barrel 4 to continue to move downward. The spiral blade 42 will move upward relative to the sampling barrel 4 until all the sample fragments above the depth are discharged, and then the collection of sample fragments at this depth will begin.

[0057] During specific operation, the electric push rod 2 803 is started, pushing the capping ring cover 802 and the collecting tube 801 downward until the discharge port 505 is located in the collecting tube 801. At this time, the spiral blade 42 continues to rotate, crushing the sample at a specified depth and transporting it upward to the discharge port 505, and then collecting it in the collecting tube 801. The sample fragments in the collecting tube 801 gradually accumulate.

[0058] After completion, the electric push rod 2 803 is driven in the reverse direction, and the capping ring cover 802 and the collecting tube 801 are moved upward and reset. In order to smoothly remove the sample fragments from the collecting tube 801 later, the guide ring 11 at the notch at the bottom of the sampling frame 1 is removed, so that the collecting tube 801 can slide out smoothly through the notch, making it easier to remove the sample fragments.

[0059] In addition, the present application also provides a depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling method, the sampling method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation: Install the guide ring 11, use the drive assembly 3 to return the jig 2 to its initial position, adjust the position of the U-shaped plate 707 according to the sample thickness, and disengage the locking protrusion 710 from the locking hole 706 to avoid accidental locking.

[0060] The second step is sampling: the driving component 3 drives the sampling tube 4 to the predetermined depth, adjusts the U-shaped plate 707 to lock the spiral blade 42 at the lowering end point, and the rotating part 6 drives the spiral blade 42 to crush the soil and remove impurities, completing the sample collection.

[0061] Step 3: Processing: The electric push rod 502 contracts to form a negative pressure in the sampling tube 4 to fix the sample, and the driving component 3 runs in the reverse direction to drive the sampling tube 4 to withdraw from the surface matrix.

[0062] Step 4: Remove: The electric push rod 502 extends to restore the pressure balance, the depth adjustment component 7 is released, and the sampling shaft 41 and the spiral blade 42 push the sample out by their own weight.

[0063] Step 5, finishing: clean the device and reset each component; if crushing is required, the electric push rod 803 cooperates with the collection tube 801 to complete the collection and removal of the crushed materials.

[0064] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-restrictive. In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device, characterized in that: include: The sampling frame (1) is provided with a rectangular frame structure, in which a return frame (2) is slidably mounted, and a driving component (3) is provided on the sampling frame (1) for driving the return frame (2) to move in its longitudinal direction; A sampling tube (4) is mounted on the bottom of the roll frame (2). The bottom of the sampling frame (1) has a notch for the sampling tube (4) to penetrate into the surface matrix for sampling. A sampling shaft (41) is provided on the central axis of the sampling tube (4). A spiral blade (42) is provided at the bottom of the sampling shaft (41) for digging out excess soil matrix above the sample. An adjusting member (5) is provided at the top of the sampling tube (4) for adjusting the pressure inside the sampling tube (4) when the sampling tube (4) lifts the sample and for transporting excess soil matrix to the outside of the sampling tube (4). A rotating member (6) for driving the sampling shaft (41) to rotate is provided on the roll frame (2). The depth adjustment component (7) is arranged in the circular frame (2) and connected to the upper end of the sampling shaft (41), and is used to adjust the depth of the geological matrix and the thickness of the sample.

2. A depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating member (5) includes a mounting plate (501) assembled in the sampling tube (4), and an electric push rod (502) with two telescopic ends facing downward is mounted on the mounting plate (501). A piston plate (503) is slidably provided below the mounting plate (501) in the sampling tube (4), and the piston plate (503) is slidably fitted with the inner wall of the sampling tube (4), and the output end of the electric push rod (502) is connected to the piston plate (503).

3. A depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sampling cylinder (4) is provided with a plurality of discharge openings (505) in a circumferential direction, and the discharge openings (505) are located below the piston plate (503). The inner wall of the sampling cylinder (4) is provided with a slidable closed ring (506) for closing the discharge openings (505), and the closed ring (506) is connected to the piston plate (503) via a plurality of elastic connecting members.

4. The depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic connecting member comprises an arc-shaped connecting plate (507), the lower end of the arc-shaped connecting plate (507) is connected to the closed ring (506), and the upper end is connected to an adaptor rod (508). The upper end of the adaptor rod (508) slides through the piston plate (503) and is provided with a protruding plate. An adjusting spring (509) is provided between the protruding plate and the piston plate (503).

5. The depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth adjustment assembly (7) includes a mounting ring (701) which is rotatably mounted after the upper end of the sampling shaft (41) extends out of the sampling tube (4), two extension rods (702) are symmetrically provided on the side wall of the mounting ring (701), and a locking recess (703) is provided on the side of the extension rod (702) facing away from the mounting ring (701), and a stopper (704) is provided on the side wall of the return frame (2) to cooperate with the locking recess (703) to control the descending height of the sampling shaft (41).

6. The depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stop member (704) includes a strip hole opened on the side wall of the return frame (2), a longitudinal slide rail (705) with a U-shaped cross section is embedded and installed in the strip hole, the engaging recess (703) slides in the longitudinal slide rail (705), a plurality of snap-in holes (706) are opened on the side wall of the longitudinal slide rail (705) at equal intervals, a U-shaped plate (707) is provided on the outer side of the longitudinal slide rail (705) through a T-shaped slide groove, and the U-shaped plate (707) slides longitudinally along the T-shaped slide groove between the plurality of snap-in holes (706).

7. The depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sliding rod (708) is provided on the U-shaped plate (707) for sliding movement. A return spring (709) is provided at one end of the sliding rod (708) away from the longitudinal slide rail (705). A snap-fitting protrusion (710) adapted to the snap-fitting hole (706) is installed at the other end of the sliding rod (708). The snap-fitting protrusion (710) is plugged into the snap-fitting recess (703) and the two are magnetically connected.

8. The depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side wall of the sampling frame (1) is provided with a second scale bar (101) that matches the return frame (2); the side wall of the longitudinal slide rail (705) is provided with a first scale bar (102) that matches the engaging recessed block (703).

9. The depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide ring (11) is detachably mounted at the notch at the bottom of the sampling frame (1), and the sampling tube (4) is slidably arranged in the guide ring (11).

10. A depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling method, using the depth-adjustable surface matrix sampling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Sampling method The following steps are involved: Step 1: Preparation: Install the guide ring (11), use the drive assembly (3) to return the jig (2) to the initial position, adjust the position of the U-shaped plate (707) according to the thickness of the sample, and make the locking protrusion (710) disengage from the locking hole (706) to avoid accidental locking; The second step is sampling: the driving component (3) drives the sampling tube (4) to a predetermined depth, the U-shaped plate (707) is adjusted to lock the spiral blade (42) at the lowering end point, and the rotating member (6) drives the spiral blade (42) to crush the soil and remove impurities, thereby completing the sample collection; Step 3: Processing: The electric push rod 1 (502) contracts to form a negative pressure in the sampling tube (4) to fix the sample, and the driving component (3) runs in the reverse direction to drive the sampling tube (4) to withdraw from the surface matrix; Step 4: Remove: The electric push rod 1 (502) extends to restore the pressure balance, the depth adjustment component (7) is released, and the sampling shaft (41) and the spiral blade (42) push the sample out by their own weight.

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