Hydro-fluctuation belt pollutant migration simulation test device based on vibration grid water tank

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt pollutant migration simulation test device based on a vibration grid water tank, the device comprises a water tank with an open upper end, a hydro-fluctuation belt and a plurality of vibration grids are correspondingly arranged in the water tank, the upper ends of the plurality of vibration grids are correspondingly connected with a transmission structure, the transmission structure is correspondingly connected with an output shaft of a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is connected with the water tank. The water tank is correspondingly communicated with a pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is correspondingly communicated with a water collecting tank, and a peristaltic pump is correspondingly arranged on the pipeline. The controlled turbulent flow is synchronously generated through the vibration grating to simulate hydraulic impact, the peristaltic pump is combined to precisely regulate and control the water level to achieve dry-wet alternation, the real dual environment of water-soil pollutant migration of the hydro-fluctuation belt is reproduced in a single device for the first time, and a reliable basis is provided for revealing the pollutant cross-phase distribution rule.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment engineering equipment, in particular to a drawdown zone pollutant migration simulation test device based on a vibration grid water tank. Background Art

[0002] As a unique ecological zone within reservoirs, the drawdown zone endures long-term hydraulic shocks and exhibits alternating periods of wetting and drying due to seasonal water level fluctuations. This dual dynamic makes the distribution and migration of pollutants between the water and soil phases in the drawdown zone complex and critical. Research on this process is of great significance for ecosystem protection and pollution control in the drawdown zone, and is a key research focus in environmental water science.

[0003] Currently, most devices used to simulate the alternating wet-dry process in the drawdown zone rely on manual irrigation and drainage. This is not only cumbersome and inaccurate, but also generally incapable of simultaneously simulating both realistic turbulent flow and the alternating wet-dry process in a controlled environment. This makes it difficult to fully and accurately reveal the distribution and migration patterns of pollutants in the drawdown zone under the dual influence of hydraulic shock and alternating wet-dry processes, greatly limiting the depth and practicality of related research. Therefore, the development of a test device that can both generate realistic turbulent flow conditions and accurately simulate the alternating wet-dry process in the drawdown zone has become an urgent need for research in this field.

[0004] In the existing technology, it is difficult to simultaneously simulate the actual turbulent fluid conditions (hydraulic shock) of the reservoir and the dry-wet alternation process in the drawdown zone, resulting in the inability to accurately study the distribution and migration process of pollutants between the water and soil phases in the drawdown zone under the dual influence of hydraulic shock and dry-wet alternation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a pollutant migration simulation test device in the drawdown zone based on a vibrating grid water trough. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, a pollutant migration simulation test device in a drawdown zone based on a vibrating grid water trough is provided.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

[0008] A pollutant migration simulation test device in a drawdown zone based on a vibrating grid water trough, the device comprises a water trough with an open upper end, in which a drawdown zone and a plurality of vibrating grids are correspondingly arranged, the upper ends of the plurality of vibrating grids are correspondingly connected to a transmission structure, the transmission structure is correspondingly connected to an output shaft of a motor, the water trough is correspondingly connected to a pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is correspondingly connected to a water collecting tank, and a peristaltic pump is correspondingly provided on the pipeline.

[0009] The motor drives the interconnected vibration grids through a transmission structure to form a rigid array, causing the rigid array to vibrate back and forth laterally.

[0010] The transmission structure includes a belt or a gear.

[0011] The rigid array includes three vibration grids arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0012] The horizontal spacing of the vibration grid is H, the aperture of the vibration grid is M, wherein 4≤H / M≤6, and the porosity of the vibration grid is 70%.

[0013] The horizontal spacing H of the vibration grid is 100 mm, and the aperture M of the vibration grid is 20 mm.

[0014] The distance between the vibration grid and the inner wall of the water tank is 10 mm.

[0015] The height of the water tank is 400 mm, the width of the water tank is 160 mm, and the length of the water tank is 700 mm.

[0016] The plurality of vibrating grids are located on one side of the water tank, and the drawdown zone is located on the other side of the water tank. The bottom width of the drawdown zone is 160 mm, and the bottom length of the drawdown zone is 300 mm.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] This invention presents a pollutant migration simulation test device for a drawdown zone based on a vibrating grid flume. A motor-driven lateral reciprocating vibration of the vibrating grid generates controlled, isotropic, and uniform turbulence within the closed flume, directly simulating the effects of reservoir hydraulic shock on the drawdown zone. Simultaneously, a peristaltic pump, linked to a water collection tank, controls the water level within the flume at a set rate, accurately simulating the alternating dry-wet cycle. The combination of these two systems addresses the existing challenge of balancing realistic turbulence with periodic water level fluctuations, enabling pollutant migration experiments to more closely resemble actual operating conditions.

[0019] 2. The vibrating grid utilizes three rigid arrays in parallel, with horizontal spacing and aperture ratios within a specific range and porosity optimized to ensure high-intensity, uniform vortex formation as water flows through the grid. This structure is more efficient than traditional flow generation devices, avoids localized flow velocity distortion, and significantly improves the stability and repeatability of turbulence simulations.

[0020] 3. Water level regulation relies on the precise flow control of the peristaltic pump to eliminate flow errors and time delays caused by manual irrigation and drainage. The motor frequency and stroke are adjustable to enable customization of turbulence intensity. The entire test process is automatically executed through parameter presets, reducing data deviations introduced by human intervention and ensuring the scientific value of the migration process data.

[0021] 4. Simulated hydraulic shock accelerates the dissolution and diffusion of pollutants between soil particles, while alternating dry-wet cycles drive dynamic changes in soil adsorption / desorption. This coupled experiment quantifies the distribution of pollutants at the solid-liquid interface, providing key parameters for developing migration prediction models and supporting targeted ecological restoration strategies in the drawdown zone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a drawdown zone pollutant migration simulation test device based on a vibrating grid water trough in the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1 is the motor, 2 is the water collecting tank, 3 is the pipeline, 4 is the peristaltic pump, 5 is the water tank, 6 is the vibrating grid, 7 is the transmission structure, and 8 is the drawdown belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are further described below:

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a pollutant migration simulation test device in a drawdown zone based on a vibrating grid water trough comprises a water trough 5 with an open upper end, in which a drawdown zone 8 and a plurality of vibrating grids 6 are provided, the upper ends of the plurality of vibrating grids 6 are connected to a transmission structure 7, the transmission structure 7 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 1, the water trough 5 is connected to a pipe 3, the other end of the pipe 3 is connected to a water collecting tank 2, and a peristaltic pump 4 is provided on the pipe 3.

[0026] The motor 1 drives the interconnected vibrating grids 6, forming a rigid array, through a transmission structure 7, causing the rigid array to vibrate back and forth laterally. The transmission structure 7 comprises a belt or gears. The device operates by the motor driving the transmission structure (belt or gears), which drives the rigid array, consisting of three parallel, spaced vibrating grids, into reciprocating transverse motion. The periodic vibration of the grids disrupts the inertia of the water flow, generating evenly distributed turbulent vortices in a designated area of the flume. This turbulent flow condition is dynamically similar to that experienced by wave impacts in reservoirs.

[0027] The alternating wet-dry cycle is achieved by a peristaltic pump system. During the simulated flooding phase, the peristaltic pump pumps pre-treated simulated river water from the collection tank into the flume at a preset rate, gradually raising the water level to submerge the soil in the drawdown zone. During the simulated dry phase, the peristaltic pump reverses course, pumping water from the flume back into the collection tank, exposing the drawdown zone to air. The rate of water level rise and fall is precisely controlled by the peristaltic pump frequency, reproducing the seasonal wet-dry cycle characteristic of the drawdown zone.

[0028] The rigid array includes three parallel, spaced vibration grids 6. The horizontal spacing between the vibration grids 6 is H, the aperture of the vibration grids 6 is M, where 4≤H / M≤6, and the porosity of the vibration grids 6 is 70%. The horizontal spacing between the vibration grids 6 is H = 100 mm, and the aperture M of the vibration grids 6 is 20 mm. This proportional relationship ensures that when adjacent vibration grids vibrate:

[0029] Vortex scale optimization: The aperture size determines the minimum vortex size (20 mm) required to generate turbulence, while the grid spacing (100 mm) provides space for vortex development, preventing vortex clusters from squeezing each other and causing premature energy dissipation, thereby maintaining the spatial uniformity of the turbulent field.

[0030] Energy transfer efficiency: A porosity of 70% is the key design point, which ensures that the water flow fully passes through the grid to produce a shearing effect, while avoiding the vibration energy being absorbed by the water flow and attenuated due to excessive pores.

[0031] The vibrating grid 6 is 10 mm from the inner wall of the water tank 5. This minimal gap of just 10 mm significantly suppresses the wall boundary layer effect. Conventional grids placed close to the sidewalls can easily induce secondary backflow, disrupting the mainstream turbulent flow structure. The 10 mm gap cuts off the path for wall vortex generation, concentrating vibration energy in the center of the water tank and minimizing flow disturbances in the drawdown zone experimental area (on the other side). The narrow gap also limits the lateral displacement of the grid, preventing the array from colliding with the tank wall during vibration and extending the device's lifespan.

[0032] The water trough 5 is 400 mm high, 160 mm wide, and 700 mm long. Multiple vibrating grilles 6 are located on one side of the water trough 5, and the drawdown zone 8 is located on the other side of the water trough 5. The bottom width of the drawdown zone 8 is 160 mm, and the bottom length of the drawdown zone 8 is 300 mm.

[0033] The vibrating screens are concentrated on the left side of the flume (accounting for ≈43% of the length), the drawdown zone occupies 300 mm of the right side (accounting for ≈43%), and the remaining 14% of the length serves as a stable flow transition zone. The flume width of 160 mm is exactly the same as the bottom width of the drawdown zone, so that the lateral turbulence generated by the vibrating screens can be transmitted to the entire cross-section of the drawdown zone without loss. The 400 mm height provides sufficient operating space for alternating dry and wet conditions - the highest water level can submerge the drawdown zone to simulate a completely flooded state, and the lowest water level can drop below the soil to simulate a dry state.

[0034] When H / M = 5, the vortex diameter generated by the vibrating grid is approximately 20-50 mm (corresponding to 1-2.5 times the aperture). This scale of vortex can both disturb the microenvironment on the surface of soil particles and not damage the soil structure due to its large size. With a porosity of 70%, the grid's actual obstruction area is only 30%, ensuring efficient transmission of vibration energy to the water body (high permeability) while providing sufficient physical area to shear the water flow (high perturbation). This balance achieves the core goal of "high intensity and low attenuation" of turbulence. These parameters together form a sophisticated environmental simulation system, designed to directly address the two key pain points mentioned in the background technology: "real turbulence generation" and "dry-wet alternation accuracy." This provides a quantifiable and reproducible physical basis for studying the cross-media migration of pollutants in the drawdown zone.

[0035] Throughout the experiment, the soil in the flume, placed in the flume, was subjected to continuous hydraulic shear and periodic immersion / exposure generated by the vibrating grid. Contaminants, carried by the water flow, penetrated deeper into the soil and, during the drying phase, accumulated in the surface layer as water evaporated. By monitoring the changes in contaminant concentrations at different depths in the soil, the migration paths and distribution patterns under this dual driving mechanism can be analyzed.

[0036] The device's design parameters, such as the horizontal spacing of the vibrating grids and the ratio of their apertures, are set within a specific range to balance vortex generation scale and energy dissipation rate. The porosity ratio ensures both adequate turbulence development and effective flow capacity. These synergistic mechanisms make the device an effective tool for revealing the cross-media transport mechanisms of pollutants in the drawdown zone.

[0037] The present invention realizes the synchronous simulation of controlled turbulent conditions and dry-wet alternating processes through specific structural design, providing an accurate and reliable test device for related research.

[0038] Although the technical solutions of the present invention have been described and listed in detail, it should be understood that it is obvious to those skilled in the art to make modifications to the above embodiments or adopt equivalent alternatives. These modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A pollutant migration simulation test device based on a vibrating grid water tank in a drawdown zone, characterized by: The device comprises a water trough (5) with an open upper end, a drawdown belt (8) and a plurality of vibration grilles (6) correspondingly provided therein, the upper ends of the plurality of vibration grilles (6) correspondingly connected to a transmission structure (7), the transmission structure (7) correspondingly connected to an output shaft of a motor (1), the water trough (5) correspondingly connected to a pipe (3), the other end of the pipe (3) correspondingly connected to a water collecting tank (2), and a peristaltic pump (4) correspondingly provided on the pipe (3).

2. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motor (1) drives the interconnected vibration grids (6) through the transmission structure (7) to form a rigid array, causing the rigid array to vibrate laterally and reciprocatingly.

3. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission structure (7) includes a belt or a gear.

4. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rigid array comprises three parallel and spaced vibration grids (6).

5. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The horizontal spacing of the vibration grid (6) is H, the aperture of the vibration grid (6) is M, wherein 4≤H / M≤6, and the porosity of the vibration grid (6) is 70%.

6. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The horizontal spacing H of the vibration grid (6) is 100 mm, and the aperture M of the vibration grid (6) is 20 mm.

7. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vibration grid (6) is 10 mm away from the inner wall of the water tank (5).

8. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the water trough (5) is 400 mm, the width of the water trough (5) is 160 mm, and the length of the water trough (5) is 700 mm.

9. The pollutant migration simulation test device based on the vibration grid water tank in the drawdown zone according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of vibration grids (6) are located on one side of the water trough (5), and the drawdown zone (8) is located on the other side of the water trough (5). The bottom width of the drawdown zone (8) is 160 mm, and the bottom length of the drawdown zone (8) is 300 mm.

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