Waveform injection playback system and method based on COMTRADE

Abstract

The invention discloses a waveform injection playback system and method based on COMTRADE, and belongs to the technical field of power system relay protection, the waveform injection playback system adopts a hierarchical architecture, and the hierarchy sequentially comprises an original data processing interface layer, a data management layer, an interface display and analysis layer and an application layer from low to high; the original data processing interface layer is used for converting original data output by each manufacturer into a standard COMTRADE format; the data management layer is used for performing data management on the waveform based on COMTRADE, wherein the data management comprises importing, classifying and editing; the interface display and analysis layer is used for displaying and analyzing COMTRADE-based waveforms for a user; the application layer comprises a waveform editing module and a wave recording injection control module; and the wave recording injection control module is used for replaying the waveform edited by the waveform editing module to the embedded device through an internal interface. Wave recording is generated without starting a moving die environment; part of test functions of a relay protection tester are replaced, and the problem that the development and debugging efficiency is affected due to few testers is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power system relay protection, and more specifically, relates to a COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback system and method. Background Art

[0002] During on-site operation, relay protection devices may generate various faults. Fault data can be recorded by the relay protection device using the COMTRADE (Common Format for Transient Data Exchange) standard file format to facilitate subsequent fault analysis and power restoration.

[0003] Prior art document 1 (CN113609671A) discloses a method and device for generating fault recording files based on simulation software. Its shortcomings are the need to generate the fault recording files using computer simulation software and the reliance on a relay tester to playback the waveforms into the device. Compared to prior art document 1, the present invention significantly differs in that it allows direct editing of recording files collected on-site, or waveform generation from scratch, without the need for third-party simulation software, and playback into the device via an internal system interface. Based on this significant difference, the present invention achieves at least the following technical benefits: reduced reliance on external conditions, and a pure software implementation that allows for rapid deployment and large-scale reuse.

[0004] Prior Art Document 2 (CN101937032B) discloses a method for implementing fault playback of waveform recording files in a relay protection device. Its shortcoming is that it only defines the process of injecting the waveform recordings into the device, without considering the data source (waveform editing and management) and output results (post-injection result analysis) at the system level. Compared with Prior Art Document 2, the present invention significantly differs in that it organically combines waveform editing data management, waveform recording injection, and result analysis to achieve system-level integration. Based on this significant difference, the present invention achieves at least the following technical effects: partial automation control and a comprehensive waveform injection and playback system.

[0005] Prior art document 3 (CN104991981B) discloses a multi-file source fault recording and playback system and method based on a high-performance processor. Its shortcomings lie in its focus on multi-file waveform fusion and time-scale alignment, with little consideration given to the subsequent playback process. Furthermore, it places high demands on processor performance, requires specialized hardware, and has poor adaptability. Compared with prior art document 3, the present invention significantly differs in that it is based on a general-purpose computer hardware design and systematically considers waveform editing and fusion, recording injection and playback, and data result analysis. Based on this significant difference, the present invention achieves at least the following technical effects: reduced reliance on specialized hardware and a comprehensive waveform injection and playback system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a COMTRADE-based waveform injection method and system. This method provides common waveform editing and injection playback functions, enabling fault playback and device verification of COMTRADE waveform files.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a waveform injection and playback system based on COMTRADE, wherein the waveform injection and playback system adopts a hierarchical architecture, and the hierarchical layers include, from low to high, a raw data processing interface layer, a data management layer, an interface display and analysis layer, and an application layer; The raw data processing interface layer is used to convert the raw data output by each manufacturer into a standard COMTRADE format; The data management layer is used to manage data of COMTRADE-based waveforms, including importing, classifying and editing; The interface display and analysis layer is used to display and analyze COMTRADE-based waveforms for users; The application layer includes: a waveform editing module and a recording injection control module; the recording injection control module is used to play back the waveform edited by the waveform editing module to the embedded device through the internal interface.

[0008] Preferably, the waveform editing module generates a new recording file by using one or more of recording channel clipping, waveform fusion, analog and switch waveform modification, virtual channel generation and recording resampling.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides a COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method, which runs on the waveform injection and playback system as described in the first aspect, and includes the following steps: Importing engineering / model data, historical waveform data, and test cases / data into the waveform injection and playback system; Displaying COMTRADE-based waveforms on the interface display and analysis layer and editing them; Inject the edited waveform into the embedded device system program, and control the system program to play back the specified waveform in sequence; The embedded device outputs the injection results, parses the injection results, performs test analysis, and generates test results / reports.

[0010] Preferably, the engineering / model data is used to describe the channel configuration of the embedded device to be tested (to be injected); The historical recorded data is used to define transient information of the fault; The test cases / data are used to drive the relevant configuration of the injection playback control and are used to be injected into the specified embedded device.

[0011] Preferably, editing the COMTRADE-based waveform includes: Establish a waveform editing buffer and implement the waveform editing algorithm based on the waveform editing buffer, including: constructing a memory block on the memory heap with channels as rows and total waveform points as columns to form a matrix of total number of channels * total number of waveform points, parsing the COMTRADE DAT file, and filling in values according to time.

[0012] Preferably, editing the COMTRADE-based waveform includes: A new recording file is generated by adopting one or more of recording channel clipping, waveform fusion, analog quantity and switch quantity waveform modification, virtual channel generation and recording resampling.

[0013] Preferably, injecting the edited waveform into the embedded device system program and controlling the system program to play back the specified waveform in sequence comprises: Upload the recorded wave file to the embedded device file system, and then send a command to notify the system program; After receiving the command, the system program on the embedded device parses the recording file sent to the embedded device; When the system program on the embedded device triggers the recording playback, a hook function will be hung. After the hook function is hung, the data filled into the sampling buffer in the sampling interrupt will no longer be the data sent from the physical FPGA board, but the data parsed from the recording file will be filled into the sampling buffer, thereby realizing the recording injection function.

[0014] Preferably, the file system space size available for waveform playback in the embedded device is 6M, and the size of the waveform file played back to the embedded device is limited to 512K; the system program reserves 1M space to cache the waveform file; Before playing back the recording file, check the size of the waveform file, sample and crop the large file into a waveform file smaller than 512K, and then play it back into the system program cache; after the recording file data playback is completed, the system program deletes the recording file.

[0015] Preferably, for the main redundant CPU configuration, the main redundant CPU is synchronized through the internal 10HZ of the device, so that CPU1 and CPU2 are triggered simultaneously when the recording playback is triggered; For the mother-difference master device, modify the hardware driver configuration, configure CPU1 and CPU2 into synchronization mode, and then trigger the recording and playback synchronously.

[0016] Preferably, the embedded device outputs the injection result including: The embedded device output injection results include: device alarm messages, action events with time stamps, and device operation status, which are stored in XML file format for analysis by the analysis module; The process of parsing the injection results, performing test analysis, and forming a test result / report test analysis includes: Open the injection results in XML format, as well as the original injected waveform, record the operation process and the test cases / data configured with the expected results, perform verification analysis based on the input values and expected values using the timing method, and draw a conclusion on whether the injection test has passed. Generate a result file in XML format, and package all input and output data for future reference for report generation.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Targeting the above application scenarios, the present invention has developed a COMTRADE-based waveform injection system. In addition to replaying fault recording files from the accident site, restoring the on-site test environment, and assisting in investigating on-site issues, the system also has the following features: It can replay waveform files provided by authoritative testing departments or verified fault recording files for testing and verifying device functions; edit and modify waveform files and inject them into the device for testing and verification without having to start a dynamic model environment to generate recordings; and it can replace some of the test functions of relay protection testers, thus avoiding the problem of insufficient testers affecting development and debugging efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG1 is a diagram showing the architecture of the wave recording and injection software system of the present invention; FIG2 is a system diagram of the present invention; FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the waveform editing buffer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] As shown in FIG1 , embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a waveform injection and playback system based on COMTRADE. The waveform injection and playback system adopts a hierarchical architecture, and the layers from low to high may include but are not limited to: a raw data processing interface layer, a data management layer, an interface display and analysis layer, and an application layer.

[0021] It can be understood that the COMTRADE (Common Format for Transient Data Exchange) format recording file is a standard format file defined by IEEE standard C37.111 for recording and exchanging transient data of power systems. It includes DAT files and CFG files. Among them, DAT files are data files used to store sampled data, including analog quantities (such as voltage and current) and digital quantities (such as switch status); CFG files are configuration files used to record data configuration information, including sampling rate, number of channels, channel type (analog or digital), and data format.

[0022] Preferably, but not limitingly, the raw data processing interface layer is an optional, expandable functional layer. The format conversion interface program is provided by the equipment manufacturer and, through software integration, is centrally called to convert the raw data output by each manufacturer into the standard COMTRADE format. It also supports the export of COMTRADE and CSV files. Preferably, but not limitingly, the raw data processing interface layer includes: a protection recording parsing module, a centralized recorder recording parsing module, a COMTRADE export module, and a CSV export module.

[0023] Preferably, but not limitingly, the data management layer serves as a link between the upper and lower layers, primarily responsible for data management. It facilitates multiple waveform playback modes at the upper layer and cleans and categorizes waveforms from various sources to facilitate subsequent editing and use. Preferably, but not limitingly, the data management layer includes a waveform management module, a waveform clipping module, and a waveform fusion module. It facilitates multiple waveform playback modes at the upper layer and cleans and categorizes waveforms from various sources to facilitate subsequent editing and use.

[0024] Furthermore, the waveform management module is used for waveform classification, one-click import, waveform folders, etc.; the waveform clipping is used for recording segment capture, loop playback, etc.; waveform fusion includes: based on the benchmark file, aligning the reference points of the recording file with the benchmark file and merging them into a new file.

[0025] Preferably, but not limited to, the interface display and analysis layer provides interface display and basic waveform analysis functions, and is a layer directly facing the user. Preferably, but not limited to, the interface display and analysis layer includes: a waveform display module, a virtual channel generation module, and a basic channel analysis module.

[0026] Preferably, but not limited to, the application layer includes the software's external interface, waveform editing, and waveform recording and injection control. Preferably, but not limited to, the application layer includes a waveform editing module and a waveform recording and injection control module. Furthermore, the waveform editing module is used for waveform fusion, waveform clipping, and virtual channel generation; the waveform recording and injection control module is used to replay the edited waveform to the embedded device via an internal interface.

[0027] As shown in FIG2 , embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method, which can be run on the COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback system described in embodiment 1, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Import project / model data, historical recording data, and test cases / data into the waveform injection and playback system.

[0028] As one of the outstanding essential features of the present invention, the engineering / model data, historical recording data, and test case / data, on the one hand, serve as the input data source of the system, providing the system with necessary channel parameters, original data source, and test data; on the other hand, as the result generating component of the system, can perform closed-loop analysis on the feedback results of the embedded device after waveform injection, and generate a report in a specified format to facilitate further fault diagnosis and location analysis.

[0029] Preferably but not restrictively, the engineering / model data is used to describe the capabilities of the embedded device to be tested (to be injected), including: AC channel definition and switch quantity definition, etc., which is the most important configuration item for recording / waveform injection and playback - channel configuration.

[0030] Preferably, but not restrictively, the historical recording data is in the COMTRADE standard format, which defines transient information of the fault and cannot add relevant configurations for injection playback control. Therefore, it is driven by test cases / data and injected into the specified device in an appropriate manner.

[0031] Preferably, but not limited to, the number of channels is selected (no need to replay all channels of historical recording data), the number of playback cycles, the description of expected values of output alarm events and other configuration information. These cannot be added to the historical recording data, or it is not appropriate to change the objectivity of the historical recording data, so they are stored separately to form test cases / data.

[0032] Step 2: Waveform display and editing. Its main functions include: waveform display and waveform editing, which are used to configure and edit channel parameters, display waveforms by channel, and generate waveforms in any form for injection and playback in the next link; preferably, but not limited to, a combination of one or more waveform operations such as waveform cropping, fusion, padding, virtual channel generation, and resampling, and any waveform that meets the requirements can be generated based on the original COMTRADE file.

[0033] Preferably, but not limitatively, the waveform display includes: executing one or more functions of waveform opening, cursor positioning, channel display value switching, channel parameter setting, and channel display / hiding.

[0034] Preferably, but not limitatively, the waveform editing includes: generating a new recording file by adopting one or more of recording channel clipping, waveform fusion, analog and switch waveform modification, virtual channel generation and recording resampling.

[0035] As shown in Figure 3, a waveform editing buffer is established and a waveform editing algorithm is implemented based on the waveform editing buffer, including: constructing a memory block on the memory heap with channels as rows and the total number of waveform points as columns to form a matrix of total number of channels * total number of waveform points; parsing the COMTRADE DAT file and filling in values according to time.

[0036] The waveform cutting includes: selecting a channel from an existing waveform in a waveform editing interface according to needs, specifying a start time / sampling point, extracting the recorded data, and saving it as a new waveform file in COMTRADE format.

[0037] The waveform fusion includes: specifying a reference file, selecting the channels to be merged into the new file, and specifying the time period to be merged into the new file; the sampling rate and time axis of the merged file are based on the reference file; selecting the recording file to be merged, selecting the channels to be merged, and specifying the alignment reference point between the recording file and the reference file; for example, but not limited to, using a second-order Lagrange interpolation algorithm to merge the recording files.

[0038] The waveform filling includes: first calculating the sampling interval using the sampling rate of the recording file; then identifying the missing points according to the sampling time offset; then using the Lagrange interpolation method to calculate and fill, and save to generate a new recording file; the interpolation method is, for example but not limited to, the Lagrange interpolation method.

[0039] The resampling includes: calculating the sampling interval using the new recording sampling rate in the waveform editing buffer, calculating the new sampling point time stamp based on the recording starting point and the new sampling interval; searching for adjacent sampling points and sampling values in the original recording data according to the new sampling time stamp; then calculating the new sampling value using the Lagrange interpolation method and writing it into the new recording data matrix; and finally saving the COMTRADE DAT file and CFG file generated with the new sampling rate.

[0040] The virtual channel generation process includes: using the channel as the basic unit, performing various mathematical or power fault analysis-specific transformations on waveform data to generate a new virtual channel. Preferably, but not limited to, virtual channel transformation methods include power calculation, frequency calculation, filtering, harmonic analysis, impedance calculation, discrete Fourier analysis, sequence quantity calculation, single channel analysis, wave generation, etc.

[0041] Step 3: Injection and Playback Control / Result Analysis: Inject and play back the edited waveform into the embedded device system program, controlling the system program to sequentially play back the specified waveforms. Multiple control modes are supported, including loop playback and sequential playback. Result Analysis monitors the execution of the system program waveform playback module via the internal bus and promptly provides the results to the upper-level module for analysis and report generation.

[0042] Preferably, but not limited to, playback injection includes injecting edited waveforms into a dedicated embedded device for playback. After downloading the waveform file to the embedded device via a file service, playback control is performed by calling a private interface function. This system supports waveform playback between redundant CPUs and multiple devices, and uses relative time relative to the system for time synchronization during playback.

[0043] Further preferably but not limiting, the injection playback process includes: Upload the recorded wave file to the embedded device file system, and then send a command to notify the system program; After receiving the command, the system program on the embedded device parses the recording file sent to the embedded device; When the system program on the embedded device triggers the recording playback, a hook function will be hung. After the hook function is hung, the data filled into the sampling buffer in the sampling interrupt will no longer be the data sent from the physical FPGA board, but the data parsed from the recording file will be filled into the sampling buffer, thereby realizing the recording injection function.

[0044] Furthermore, the specific implementation of waveform injection playback is as follows: The file system space available for waveform playback in embedded devices is 6M, and the design limits the size of the waveform files played back to the device to 512K; the system program reserves 1M space to cache the waveform files; Before playing back the recording file, check the size of the waveform file, sample and crop the large file into a waveform file smaller than 512K, and then play it back into the system program cache; after the recording file data playback is completed, the system program deletes the recording file.

[0045] For main-redundant CPU configurations such as lines and transformers, the main-redundant CPU uses a 10HZ synchronization device inside the device to trigger the recording playback, which can achieve simultaneous triggering of CPU1 and CPU2.

[0046] For the mother-difference master-slave device, it is necessary to modify the hardware driver configuration and configure CPU1 and CPU2 into synchronous mode, and then trigger the synchronous recording and playback.

[0047] For conventional and digital devices, the system program is implemented in the same way; the system program of the digital device also needs to specially handle the quality, packet discontinuity and other flag alarm issues.

[0048] Step 4: The embedded device outputs the injection result, parses the injection result, performs test analysis, and generates a test result / report.

[0049] Embedded device: The system program on the device provides a waveform playback module, which receives the waveform files downloaded from the system and receives control commands to perform various waveform playback controls. After execution, the playback test results are uploaded to the result analysis module through the internal bus.

[0050] The injection results include: device alarm messages, action events with time stamps, and device operation status, which are stored in XML file format for analysis by the analysis module; Test analysis process: Open the injection results in XML format, as well as the original injected waveform, record the operation process and the test cases / data configured with the expected results, perform verification analysis using the timing method based on the input values and expected values, and draw a conclusion on whether the injection test has passed. Generate a result file in XML format, and package all input and output data for future reference to facilitate later report generation.

[0051] Test results / reports: Generate test results / reports in WORD / PDF format using the user-specified report template based on the XML format result files output by the test analysis process and the input and output data summary.

[0052] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the computer program is loaded into the processor, the COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to embodiment 2 is implemented.

[0053] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to embodiment 2 is implemented.

[0054] The present disclosure may be a system, method and / or computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback system, characterized by: The waveform injection and playback system adopts a hierarchical architecture, which includes, from low to high, the following layers: raw data processing interface layer, data management layer, interface display and analysis layer, and application layer; The raw data processing interface layer is used to convert the raw data output by each manufacturer into a standard COMTRADE format; The data management layer is used to manage data of COMTRADE-based waveforms, including importing, classifying and editing; The interface display and analysis layer is used to display and analyze COMTRADE-based waveforms for users; The application layer includes: a waveform editing module and a recording injection control module; the recording injection control module is used to play back the waveform edited by the waveform editing module to the embedded device through the internal interface.

2. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveform editing module generates a new recording file by using one or more of recording channel clipping, waveform fusion, analog and switch waveform modification, virtual channel generation and recording resampling.

3. A waveform injection and playback method based on COMTRADE, running on the waveform injection and playback system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Importing engineering / model data, historical waveform data, and test cases / data into the waveform injection and playback system; Displaying COMTRADE-based waveforms on the interface display and analysis layer and editing them; Inject the edited waveform into the embedded device system program, and control the system program to play back the specified waveform in sequence; The embedded device outputs the injection results, parses the injection results, performs test analysis, and generates test results / reports.

4. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The engineering / model data is used to describe the channel configuration of the embedded device to be tested (to be injected); The historical recorded data is used to define transient information of the fault; The test cases / data are used to drive the relevant configuration of the injection playback control and are used to be injected into the specified embedded device.

5. The COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Editing of COMTRADE-based waveforms includes: Establish a waveform editing buffer and implement the waveform editing algorithm based on the waveform editing buffer, including: constructing a memory block on the memory heap with channels as rows and total waveform points as columns to form a matrix of total number of channels * total number of waveform points, parsing the COMTRADE DAT file, and filling in values according to time.

6. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: Editing of COMTRADE-based waveforms includes: A new recording file is generated by adopting one or more of recording channel clipping, waveform fusion, analog quantity and switch quantity waveform modification, virtual channel generation and recording resampling.

7. The COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of injecting the edited waveform into the embedded device system program and controlling the system program to sequentially play back the specified waveforms includes: Upload the recorded wave file to the embedded device file system, and then send a command to notify the system program; After receiving the command, the system program on the embedded device parses the recording file sent to the embedded device; When the system program on the embedded device triggers the recording playback, a hook function will be hung. After the hook function is hung, the data filled into the sampling buffer in the sampling interrupt will no longer be the data sent from the physical FPGA board, but the data parsed from the recording file will be filled into the sampling buffer, thereby realizing the recording injection function.

8. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The file system space available for waveform playback on embedded devices is 6M, and the size of recorded files played back to embedded devices is limited to 512K; the system program reserves 1M space to cache recorded files; Before playing back the recording file, check the size of the waveform file, sample and crop the large file into a waveform file smaller than 512K, and then play it back into the system program cache; after the recording file data playback is completed, the system program deletes the recording file.

9. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: For the main redundant CPU configuration, the main redundant CPU is synchronized through the internal 10HZ of the device, and CPU1 and CPU2 are triggered simultaneously when the recording playback is triggered; For the mother-difference master device, modify the hardware driver configuration, configure CPU1 and CPU2 into synchronization mode, and then trigger the recording and playback synchronously.

10. A COMTRADE-based waveform injection and playback method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The embedded device outputs the injection result including: The embedded device output injection results include: device alarm messages, action events with time stamps, and device operation status, which are stored in XML file format for analysis by the analysis module; The process of parsing the injection results, performing test analysis, and forming a test result / report test analysis includes: Open the injection results in XML format, as well as the original injected waveform, record the operation process and the test cases / data configured with the expected results, perform verification analysis based on the input values and expected values using the timing method, and draw a conclusion on whether the injection test has passed. Generate a result file in XML format, and package all input and output data for future reference for report generation.

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