Test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium ion batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a test cabinet for a plurality of semi-open energy storage lithium ion batteries, each layer of square frame type accommodating bin forms a sealing cavity through a front sealing baffle and a rear sealing baffle, and an injection pipeline system of the test cabinet is connected with first ports of the semi-open batteries. When the battery breaks down in the formation test stage, the pressure in the battery reaches a preset value, so that the one-way pressure valve of the second port of the battery is opened, the fault detection sensor transmits a signal to the control device, and the control device opens the electromagnetic valve of the first port of the battery; a calcium hydroxide solution is injected into the battery through an injection pipeline system of the test cabinet. And the calcium hydroxide solution together with the gas and the electrolyte is discharged into the sealing cavity from the second port of the battery, the gas is discharged through the waste discharge pipeline, and the liquid is left in the sealing cavity until the battery is submerged and covered. The test cabinet can fundamentally and thoroughly prevent the possibility of combustion explosion of the thermal runaway battery in a mode of combining internal blocking and external blocking in the battery formation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lithium-ion batteries, and in particular to a test cabinet for a plurality of semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries present significant safety risks during the formation and testing phases, and are highly susceptible to combustion and explosion. Current safety and fire protection solutions for lithium-ion battery formation and testing equipment typically involve deploying fire sprinklers upon detection of complete thermal runaway to prevent the spread of combustion. However, once a battery experiences thermal runaway, there is a risk of combustion and explosion. The key to post-accident response measures, such as fire sprinklers, is to cool the battery and exhaust combustible fumes to prevent secondary hazards such as combustion and casualties. However, these measures cannot fundamentally and completely prevent the possibility of combustion and explosion in thermally runaway batteries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries. The test cabinet is equipped with multiple storage compartments, allowing simultaneous formation testing of multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries. Each U-shaped frame-type storage compartment on each floor of the test cabinet forms a sealed chamber for accommodating the batteries, with front and rear sealing baffles. The test cabinet's injection piping system is connected to the first port of the semi-open battery. When a battery fails during the formation test phase, a large amount of gas is rapidly generated within the battery. The internal pressure of the battery increases to a predetermined value, causing the one-way pressure valve at the second port of the battery to open. A fault detection sensor within the storage compartment transmits a fault signal to a control device, which opens the solenoid valve at the first port of the battery and injects calcium hydroxide solution into the battery through the test cabinet's injection piping system. The calcium hydroxide solution, along with gas and electrolyte, is discharged from the second port of the battery into the sealed chamber containing the battery. The gas is discharged through a waste pipe, while the liquid remains in the sealed chamber until it submerges and covers the battery. This test cabinet can fundamentally and completely prevent the possibility of thermal runaway battery combustion and explosion by combining internal and external blocking during the battery formation process.

[0004] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] According to the present invention, a test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries is provided. The semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries are equipped with a positive electrode column, a negative electrode column, a first port and a second port for fluid injection and discharge, a solenoid valve at the first port, and a one-way pressure valve at the second port. Specifically, a semi-open battery refers to a battery housing with first and second ports that can be used to inject or discharge fluid into or from the battery. Batteries with fluid injection and discharge ports are in a semi-open state, i.e., not completely sealed or open. When the port valves are open, the internal fluid of the battery can communicate with the fluid in the external pipe. When the port valves are closed, the internal fluid of the battery is disconnected from the fluid in the external pipe, achieving a sealed effect. The test cabinet includes a multi-layer frame-type storage compartment, a main waste discharge pipe, a main injection pipe, a front cabinet door, a rear cabinet door, a calcium hydroxide solution storage tank, a booster pump, and a control device. Each semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is placed in each compartment. Each compartment is equipped with a front sealing baffle, a rear sealing baffle, an injection branch pipe, a fault detection sensor, a positive electrode charge and discharge terminal, a negative electrode charge and discharge terminal, a liquid discharge branch pipe, and an exhaust valve. In the case of a semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery test, the front and rear sealing baffles are respectively closed with the storage compartment to form a sealed chamber within the compartment. One end of the injection branch pipe is connected to the injection main pipe, and the other end is connected to the first port of the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery. The positive and negative charging and discharging terminals are connected to the positive and negative electrode posts of the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery, respectively. Close the front and rear doors. When a semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery fails, a large amount of acidic gases, such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen fluoride, will initially be generated within the battery. The pressure within the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery increases, causing the one-way pressure valve to open. A fault detection sensor within the storage compartment transmits a battery fault signal to the control device, which then activates the solenoid valve and booster pump at the first port of the failed semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery. The booster pump pressurizes the calcium hydroxide solution in the calcium hydroxide solution storage tank and injects it into the failed semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery through the main injection pipe and injection branch pipe. Within the battery, the calcium hydroxide reacts with the lithium salt in the electrolyte, reducing the active lithium concentration and blocking electrochemical reactions. The control device also disconnects the charging and discharging equipment and simultaneously opens the exhaust valve to directly extract and treat the generated fumes before discharging them, preventing them from spreading into the interior of the test cabinet. The gas and liquid in the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery flow into the sealed cavity through the opened one-way pressure valve of the second port and completely immerse the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery in the liquid. The gas in the accommodating chamber enters the main exhaust pipe through the exhaust valve. The main exhaust pipe discharges the exhaust gas after harmless post-treatment through the smoking and dust removal device. After the faulty semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is no longer dangerous, the liquid in the sealed cavity can enter the main exhaust pipe through the drainage branch pipe, and the main exhaust pipe discharges the waste liquid out of the test cabinet.

[0006] Specifically, when the battery is subjected to a formation test, the front and rear sealing baffles of the test cabinet are opened, and multiple batteries are placed in multiple U-shaped frame-type storage compartments, each storage compartment containing one battery or battery module, and multiple batteries or battery modules can be tested at the same time. Then, the injection branch of the test cabinet is connected to the first port of the battery, the positive charge and discharge end of the test cabinet is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and the negative charge and discharge end of the test cabinet is connected to the negative pole of the battery. Next, the front and rear sealing baffles of the test cabinet are closed, so that the front and rear sealing baffles and the frame-type storage compartment form a sealed cavity that can accommodate liquid, and the sealed cavity ensures that the liquid will not leak from the sealed cavity. Close the front and rear doors of the test cabinet, and perform a charge and discharge formation test on the battery. Each storage compartment can be provided with a separate front and rear doors, or the test cabinet can be provided with an overall front and rear doors. During the formation test, if a battery malfunctions, a large amount of acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen fluoride will be generated within the battery, and the battery temperature will rise. When the internal pressure of the battery increases to a predetermined value, the one-way pressure valve at the second port of the battery will open, and the gas inside the battery will be discharged into the storage compartment through the second port. This gas can be detected by a fault detection sensor, which can send a signal to the control device. The fault detection sensor can be one or more of a temperature sensor, a flue gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrogen sensor, and a carbon dioxide sensor. The control device then activates the solenoid valve and booster pump at the first port of the battery, allowing the calcium hydroxide solution in the calcium hydroxide storage tank to be directly injected into the malfunctioning battery through the main injection pipe and injection branch pipe. The mass concentration of the calcium hydroxide solution can be, for example, 0.1% to 0.185%. The calcium hydroxide solution directly enters the battery and reacts with lithium hexafluorophosphate and other electrolytes, reducing the active lithium concentration and blocking the electrochemical reaction. Furthermore, the temperature at the short-circuit point within the battery cell is the highest. The high temperature causes the calcium hydroxide in the saturated solution there to precipitate on the electrode layer or the diaphragm surface, separating the positive and negative electrodes. Thus, the calcium hydroxide solution can directly act on the interior of the battery, directly cooling it and blocking the reaction, thus preventing the battery from experiencing a more severe runaway. Gases and liquids within the battery are continuously discharged into the sealed chamber containing the battery via the one-way pressure valve at the battery's second port, while the calcium hydroxide solution continues to be continuously injected into the battery via the battery's first port. Gases entering the sealed chamber enter the main exhaust pipe via the vent valve in the storage compartment. The gases rise within the main exhaust pipe and can be treated before being discharged or stored in a storage tank. Preferably, a gas purification device is provided on the main exhaust pipe to purify the gases discharged from the storage compartment before discharge. The liquid, primarily composed of calcium hydroxide solution, entering the sealed chamber directly submerges the battery, allowing it to further come into contact with the exhaust and other acidic gases within the entire storage compartment. The Ca(OH)2 in the solution can in situ fix CO2 and HF, preventing their escape from causing environmental pollution or secondary reactions. Once the faulty battery reaches a safe state, the liquid within the sealed chamber can be drained to the main exhaust pipe via a drainage branch pipe provided in the storage compartment, and then discharged from the test cabinet.

[0007] The sealing baffles provided in front and behind the U-shaped storage bin can completely seal the front and back of the storage bin, or the height of the front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle can be less than the height of the storage bin. In the case where the height of the front and rear sealing baffles is less than the height of the U-shaped storage bin, observation windows can be provided on the front and rear cabinet doors to conveniently observe the situation inside the storage bin. In addition, a liquid level sensor can be provided in the storage bin to detect the liquid level height in the sealed cavity, and when the liquid level height in the sealed cavity reaches a predetermined value, the injection of calcium hydroxide solution into the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is automatically stopped. Thus, when the immersed liquid reaches the specified liquid level, the injection is automatically stopped, and the liquid is automatically replenished after the liquid level drops, which can effectively save the amount of calcium hydroxide solution used and ensure that the scrapped battery cells are always immersed in liquid. In addition, each layer of the storage bin may also be provided with an overflow hole and an overflow pipe. The overflow hole is located between the front sealing baffle and the front cabinet door of the storage bin and between the rear sealing baffle and the rear cabinet door of the storage bin. One end of the overflow pipe is connected to the overflow hole and the other end is connected to the main waste pipe. The liquid overflowing from the front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle can be discharged from the test cabinet through the overflow hole, the overflow pipe and the main waste pipe.

[0008] The bottom edges of the front and rear sealing baffles can be sealed against the bottom edge of the storage compartment. The front and rear sealing baffles can be flipped along the bottom edges. When the front and rear sealing baffles are in an upright position, they are closed to the storage compartment by clamps, screws, or buckles, thereby forming a sealed cavity. When the front and rear sealing baffles are flipped to a horizontal position, the battery can be easily placed in the storage compartment. When the front and rear sealing baffles are flipped to a vertical position, they can form a sealed cavity with the storage compartment.

[0009] A temperature-controlled air inlet valve may be provided at the location of each storage compartment on the front or rear door of the battery cabinet, and a branched temperature-controlled exhaust duct may be provided on the main exhaust pipe. The heated or cooled air enters the storage compartment through the temperature-controlled air inlet valve and is discharged through the exhaust valve and the temperature-controlled exhaust duct of the main exhaust pipe, thereby controlling and adjusting the temperature in the test cabinet. In other words, the temperature inside the test cabinet can be effectively controlled during the battery formation test, for example, the test can be performed at high or low temperatures. In addition, in the event of a battery failure, cooled air can also be injected into the storage compartment through the temperature-controlled air inlet valve, thereby accelerating the gas replacement in the storage compartment and accelerating the cooling of the battery.

[0010] The semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery may also be provided with a coolant injection port and a coolant discharge port, as well as a cooling pipe located inside the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery, one end of the cooling pipe being connected to the coolant injection port and the other end being connected to the coolant discharge port. The test cabinet may also include a coolant storage tank, a coolant injection main pipe, a coolant injection branch pipe, a coolant discharge main pipe, and a coolant discharge branch pipe. The coolant in the coolant storage tank may be injected into the cooling pipe inside the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery via the coolant injection main pipe, the coolant injection branch pipe, and the coolant injection port, and discharged via the coolant discharge port, the coolant discharge branch pipe, and the coolant discharge main pipe. In this way, not only can the temperature of the battery be better controlled during the battery formation test, but the battery can also be effectively and quickly cooled from the inside of the battery in the event of a battery failure.

[0011] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right" and "top, bottom" are generally based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The advantages of the present invention are:

[0012] 1) During the battery formation test, a pressure-triggered alarm is used for faulty batteries, which provides a more timely and accurate signal. The safety agent is directly injected into the battery and then discharged from the battery outlet. The discharged liquid gradually accumulates and submerges the battery. The combination of internal and external blocking can quickly and effectively prevent more severe battery out-of-control.

[0013] 2) Injecting calcium hydroxide solution into the faulty battery can reduce the concentration of active lithium, block the electrochemical reaction, and use the precipitated calcium hydroxide to separate the positive and negative electrodes at the battery short-circuit point. In addition, the Ca(OH)2 in the solution can in situ fix the large amount of CO2 and HF generated during thermal runaway of the battery, preventing their escape from causing environmental pollution or secondary reactions;

[0014] 3) When a battery test fails, the control system of the test cabinet automatically disconnects the charging and discharging equipment and simultaneously turns on the smoke exhaust and dust removal system to directly extract and treat the generated smoke before discharging it to prevent the smoke from spreading into the interior of the test cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a first schematic diagram of a test cabinet according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a second schematic diagram of a test cabinet according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of a test cabinet according to the present invention.

[0018] Reference Signs List

[0019] 1——Storage Warehouse

[0020] 2a——Front cabinet door

[0021] 2b——Rear cabinet door

[0022] 3 - Observation window

[0023] 4. Battery

[0024] 401 - First Port

[0025] 402——Positive column

[0026] 403——Coolant injection port

[0027] 404——Coolant discharge port

[0028] 5a——Front sealing baffle

[0029] 5b——Rear sealing baffle

[0030] 6——Liquid level sensor

[0031] 7——Overflow pipe

[0032] 8——Main waste pipe

[0033] 9——Main injection pipeline

[0034] 10——Injection branch

[0035] 11——Drainage branch

[0036] 12——Exhaust valve

[0037] 13——Temperature-controlled air inlet valve

[0038] 14——Temperature control exhaust duct

[0039] 15——Positive charging and discharging terminal

[0040] 16——Negative charging and discharging terminal

[0041] 17——Fault detection sensor DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below through examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to explain the relevant inventions and are not intended to limit the inventions. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the relevant inventions are shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0043] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of a test cabinet according to the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the test cabinet includes a multi-layer U-shaped frame-type storage compartment 1, each of which can be provided with a separate front cabinet door 2a and rear cabinet door 2b, and an observation window 3 is provided on the front cabinet door 2a and the rear cabinet door 2b. Each storage compartment 1 can accommodate a semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery 4. The semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery 4 is provided with a first port 401, a second port (not shown), a positive electrode column 402, a negative electrode column (not shown), a coolant injection port 403 and a coolant discharge port 404. The test cabinet can be used for formation testing of multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries 4 at the same time. Wheels can be installed at the bottom of the test cabinet to facilitate the movement of the test cabinet.

[0044] Figure 2 is a second schematic diagram of a test cabinet according to the present invention, Figure 3 FIG3 is a third schematic diagram of a test cabinet according to the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each frame-type storage bin 1 may be equipped with a front sealing baffle 5a and a rear sealing baffle 5b. The bottom plates of the front and rear sealing baffles 5a and 5b are rotatably mounted to the bottom surface of the storage bin 1. The front and rear sealing baffles 5a and 5b are shorter than the height of the storage bin 1. When the front and rear sealing baffles 5a and 5b are upright, they can be sealed to the storage bin 1 using, for example, a quick-action clamp, thereby forming a sealed chamber with an upward opening within the storage bin 1. A liquid level sensor 6 is provided on the side wall of the storage bin 1, below the front and rear sealing baffles 5a and 5b. When liquid is discharged into the sealed chamber, the liquid level sensor 6 automatically stops discharging liquid into the sealed chamber when it detects that the liquid level reaches a predetermined value. In addition, an overflow hole may be provided on the side wall or bottom surface of the storage bin 1, located between the sealing baffle and the cabinet door. The overflow hole is connected to an overflow pipe 7, which is in turn connected to a main waste pipe 8. Even if the liquid in the sealing chamber overflows the front and rear sealing baffles 5a, 5b, the liquid will be discharged into the main waste pipe 8 through the overflow hole and the overflow pipe 7.

[0045] The injection piping system of the test cabinet includes a main injection pipe 9 and an injection branch pipe 10 provided on the side wall of each storage bin 1. The main injection pipe 9 can be connected to the calcium hydroxide solution storage tank. A booster pump can be provided on the main injection pipe. One end of the injection branch pipe 10 is connected to the main injection pipe 9 and the other end can be connected or disconnected to the first port of the semi-open battery. The discharge piping system of the test cabinet includes a main waste discharge pipe 8, a drainage branch pipe 11 provided at the bottom of each storage bin 1, and an exhaust valve 12 provided on the side wall of each storage bin 1. The drainage branch pipe 11 is connected to the storage bin 1 and connected to the main waste discharge pipe 8. The exhaust valve 12 is connected to the storage bin 1 and leads to the main waste discharge pipe 8.

[0046] A temperature-controlled air inlet valve 13 may be provided on the front cabinet door 2a of each storage bin 1, and a branched temperature-controlled exhaust duct 14 may be provided on the main exhaust duct 8. The heated or cooled air enters the storage bin 1 through the temperature-controlled air inlet valve 13, and then enters the main exhaust duct 8 and the temperature-controlled exhaust duct 14 branched from the main exhaust duct through the exhaust valve 12, so as to adjust the temperature in the storage bin 1 as needed.

[0047] Each storage compartment 1 also has a positive charging and discharging terminal 15 and a negative charging and discharging terminal 16 on its sidewall. The positive charging and discharging terminal 15 can be electrically connected to the positive terminal of the battery, and the negative charging and discharging terminal 16 can be electrically connected to the negative terminal of the battery. There can be multiple positive charging and discharging terminals 15 and negative charging and discharging terminals 16 to achieve series and parallel connection of battery modules.

[0048] When the battery is subjected to a formation test, the front and rear cabinet doors and the front and rear sealing baffles are opened, and multiple batteries are placed in the multiple storage compartments 1 of the test cabinet respectively. In each storage compartment 1, the positive pole of the battery is electrically connected to the positive charge and discharge terminal 15, the negative pole of the battery is electrically connected to the negative charge and discharge terminal 16, the first port of the battery is connected to the injection branch 10, and then the front and rear sealing baffles and the front and rear cabinet doors are closed. During the battery formation test, if a battery fails and causes thermal runaway, the air pressure in the faulty battery increases rapidly. When the pressure value reaches a predetermined pressure value, the one-way pressure valve at the second port of the battery opens, and the gas in the battery is quickly discharged into the storage compartment. The fault detection sensor 17 in the storage compartment 1 where the battery is located transmits the detected fault signal such as atmosphere or temperature to the control device, and the control device automatically opens the solenoid valve at the first port of the battery. After the solution in the calcium hydroxide solution storage tank is pressurized, it is injected into the faulty battery via the main injection pipe 9 and the injection branch 10. The calcium hydroxide solution comes into contact with the carbon dioxide and hydrogen fluoride gases produced by the thermal runaway battery and is fixed in situ. The calcium hydroxide solution directly reacts with lithium hexafluorophosphate and other substances in the electrolyte, reducing the concentration of active lithium and blocking the electrochemical reaction. The temperature at the short-circuit point inside the battery cell is the highest. The high temperature will cause the calcium hydroxide in the saturated solution here to precipitate on the electrode layer or the surface of the diaphragm, separating the positive and negative electrodes. This allows direct cooling from within the battery and blocking the reaction. In addition, the gas and liquid inside the battery are discharged into the sealed cavity through the second port that remains open. The gas enters the main exhaust pipe 8 through the exhaust valve 12. The gas can be purified and discharged through the gas purification equipment provided in the exhaust pipe. The liquid discharged into the sealed cavity is mainly composed of the calcium hydroxide solution continuously injected into the battery. The liquid level in the sealed cavity continuously rises until the liquid level sensor 6 detects that the liquid level reaches a predetermined value. The liquid level is greater than the height of the battery, and the battery can be completely immersed in the liquid. Then, the injection of calcium hydroxide solution into the battery is automatically stopped. This effectively saves the amount of safety agent used and ensures that the scrapped battery cell is always immersed in liquid. In addition, the liquid in the sealed cavity can further come into contact with acidic gases such as exhaust gas in the entire storage space. The Ca(OH)2 in the solution can fix CO2 and HF in situ to prevent their escape from causing environmental pollution or secondary reactions.

[0049] The test cabinet may also include a coolant storage tank, a coolant injection main pipe, a coolant injection branch pipe, a coolant discharge main pipe, and a coolant discharge branch pipe. The coolant in the coolant storage tank is injected into the cooling pipe inside the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery via the coolant injection main pipe, the coolant injection branch pipe, and the coolant injection port, and is discharged via the coolant discharge port, the coolant discharge branch pipe, and the coolant discharge main pipe. This can further effectively cool the interior of the battery during battery formation testing and battery failure.

[0050] The specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, use the methods and technical contents disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries, characterized in that: The semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is provided with a positive pole, a negative pole, a first port and a second port for fluid injection and discharge, a solenoid valve is provided at the first port, and a one-way pressure valve is provided at the second port. The test cabinet includes a multi-layer frame-type storage bin, a total waste discharge pipe, a total injection pipe, a front cabinet door, a rear cabinet door, a calcium hydroxide solution storage tank, a booster pump and a control device. Each semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is placed in each of the storage bins, and each of the storage bins is provided with a front sealing baffle, a rear sealing baffle, an injection branch pipe, a fault detection sensor , positive electrode charge and discharge terminal, negative electrode charge and discharge terminal, drainage branch pipe and exhaust valve. In the case of the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery test, the front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle are respectively closed with the accommodating chamber to form a sealed cavity in the accommodating chamber. One end of the injection branch pipe is connected to the injection main pipe and the other end is connected to the first port of the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery. The positive electrode charge and discharge terminal and the negative electrode charge and discharge terminal are respectively connected to the positive column and negative column of the semi-open lithium-ion battery. The front cabinet door and the rear cabinet door are closed. When the When a semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery fails, the pressure within the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery increases, causing the one-way pressure valve to open. The fault detection sensor in the accommodating chamber transmits a battery fault signal to the control device. The control device activates the solenoid valve and the booster pump at the first port of the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery that has failed. The calcium hydroxide solution in the calcium hydroxide solution storage tank is pressurized by the booster pump and injected into the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery that has failed through the main injection pipe and the injection branch pipe. The calcium hydroxide reacts with the lithium salt in the electrolyte to reduce the active lithium concentration and block the electrochemical reaction. The gas and liquid in the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery flow into the sealed cavity through the one-way pressure valve at the second port, completely immersing the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery in the liquid. The gas in the accommodating chamber enters the main exhaust pipe through the exhaust valve, and the liquid in the sealed cavity can enter the main exhaust pipe through the drainage branch pipe. The main exhaust pipe discharges the waste gas and liquid respectively from the test cabinet.

2. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heights of the front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle are smaller than the height of the accommodating chamber. Observation windows are provided on the front cabinet door and the rear cabinet door for observing the situation in the accommodating chamber. A liquid level sensor is provided in the accommodating chamber for detecting the liquid level height in the sealed cavity. When the liquid level height in the sealed cavity reaches a predetermined value, the injection of calcium hydroxide solution into the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is automatically stopped.

3. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each layer of the accommodating bin is also provided with an overflow hole and an overflow pipe. The overflow hole is located at a position of the accommodating bin between the front sealing baffle and the front cabinet door, and at a position of the accommodating bin between the rear sealing baffle and the rear cabinet door. One end of the overflow pipe is connected to the overflow hole and the other end is connected to the main waste pipe. The liquid overflowing from the front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle can be discharged from the test cabinet via the overflow hole, the overflow pipe and the main waste pipe.

4. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle can be turned over along the bottom edge. When the front sealing baffle and the rear sealing baffle are in the upright position, they are closed with the accommodating bin by clamps, screws or buckles to form the sealed cavity.

5. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature-controlled air inlet valve is provided at the position of the storage bin on each layer of the front cabinet door or the rear cabinet door, and a branched temperature-controlled exhaust duct is provided on the main exhaust duct. The heated or cooled air enters the storage bin through the temperature-controlled air inlet valve and is discharged through the exhaust valve and the temperature-controlled exhaust duct of the main exhaust duct, thereby controlling and adjusting the temperature in the test cabinet.

6. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas purification device is provided on the main waste discharge pipeline, which is used to purify the gas discharged from the storage bin and then discharge it.

7. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault detection sensor is one or more of a temperature sensor, a flue gas sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrogen sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

8. The test cabinet for multiple semi-open energy storage lithium-ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery is provided with a coolant injection port and a coolant discharge port, and a cooling pipe located inside the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery, one end of the cooling pipe is connected to the coolant injection port and the other end is connected to the coolant discharge port. The test cabinet also includes a coolant storage tank, a coolant injection main pipe, a coolant injection branch pipe, a coolant discharge main pipe and a coolant discharge branch pipe. The coolant in the coolant storage tank is injected into the cooling pipe inside the semi-open energy storage lithium-ion battery via the coolant injection main pipe, the coolant injection branch pipe and the coolant injection port, and is discharged via the coolant discharge port, the coolant discharge branch pipe and the coolant discharge main pipe.

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