Display module and display device

Abstract

The invention provides a display module and a display device, and relates to the technical field of display, the display module comprises a backlight module, a light control liquid crystal box and a display liquid crystal box, the light control liquid crystal box and the display liquid crystal box are arranged on the light emitting side of the backlight module, and the light control liquid crystal box is located between the display liquid crystal box and the backlight module; the light control liquid crystal box is at least configured to control the transmission area and light intensity of light rays emitted by the backlight module to the display liquid crystal box; at least one of the display liquid crystal box and the light control liquid crystal box is in a normally white mode. Therefore, the overall transmittance of a display product can be improved, and power consumption can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have been increasingly used due to their advantages of low power consumption, soft images, and being gentle on the eyes.

[0003] With the rapid development of liquid crystal display technology, dual-cell (DualCell) LCDs are gradually entering the market. Dual-cell LCDs feature high contrast and precise local dimming. Their display contrast is comparable to that of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, making them the mainstream development trend in LCD displays.

[0004] However, current dual-cell LCDs generally have problems with low transmittance and high power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a display module and a display device, which are intended to improve the overall transmittance of the display product and help save power consumption.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a display module, comprising a backlight module and a light-controlling liquid crystal box and a display liquid crystal box arranged on the light-emitting side of the backlight module, wherein the light-controlling liquid crystal box is located between the display liquid crystal box and the backlight module; the light-controlling liquid crystal box is at least configured to control the area and light intensity of the light emitted by the backlight module transmitted to the display liquid crystal box; at least one of the display liquid crystal box and the light-controlling liquid crystal box is in a normally white mode.

[0007] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides a display device, comprising the display module provided in the first aspect.

[0008] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0009] In the display module and display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, when at least one of the display liquid crystal box and the light-control liquid crystal box is in the normally white mode, for the liquid crystal box in the normally white mode, when there is no voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged parallel to the substrate and are not twisted, and light can pass directly through, presenting a bright state, which is beneficial to improving the overall transmittance, and a voltage needs to be applied to display the dark state. When the normally white mode displays mostly white or high-brightness images, since the pixels are in a natural light-transmitting state, the electric field driving the liquid crystal can be reduced, thereby improving the overall light utilization rate and reducing power consumption to a certain extent. Moreover, display can be achieved without a high-power backlight module, which is beneficial to reducing costs and improving the heating problem caused by the introduction of a high-power backlight module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module in the related art;

[0013] Figure 2 FIG2 is a schematic plan view of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 3 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0015] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of first pixel openings in a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of second pixel openings in a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0017] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another film layer of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 7 FIG2 is another schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 8FIG2 is another schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 9 FIG2 is another corresponding schematic diagram of a first pixel opening and a second pixel opening in a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 10 FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing a connection between a first data line and a second sub-pixel in a light-control liquid crystal cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 11 FIG2 is another schematic diagram showing another connection between the first data line and the second sub-pixel in the light-control liquid crystal cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 12 FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing a connection between a first scan line, a first data line and a sub-pixel in a light-control liquid crystal cell provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 13 FIG2 is another schematic diagram showing another connection between the first scan line, the first data line and the sub-pixel in the light-control liquid crystal cell provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 14 Shown is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the first pixel electrode in a display liquid crystal cell;

[0026] Figure 15 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a single first pixel electrode;

[0027] Figure 16 Shown is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of the second pixel electrode in the light-control liquid crystal cell;

[0028] Figure 17 A schematic structural diagram of a single second pixel electrode is shown;

[0029] Figure 18 Shown is another structural schematic diagram of a single first pixel electrode;

[0030] Figure 19 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing another arrangement of the second pixel electrode in the light-control liquid crystal cell;

[0031] Figure 20 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing another arrangement of the second pixel electrode in the light-control liquid crystal cell;

[0032] Figure 21 Shown is a structural schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.

[0034] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 The figure shows a film layer schematic diagram of a display module in the related art, which includes a backlight module 13 and a first liquid crystal box 11 and a second liquid crystal box 12 arranged on the light-emitting surface of the backlight module 13. The display module also includes a first polarizer 21, a second polarizer 22 and a third polarizer 23, wherein the first polarizer 21 is located on the side of the second liquid crystal box 12 away from the first liquid crystal box 11, the second polarizer 22 is located between the first liquid crystal box 11 and the second liquid crystal box 12, and the third polarizer 23 is located between the first liquid crystal box 11 and the backlight module 13. The polarization directions of the first polarizer 21 and the second polarizer 22 are perpendicular, and the polarization directions of the second polarizer 22 and the third polarizer 23 are perpendicular. When no voltage is applied to the first liquid crystal cell 11 and the second liquid crystal cell 12, the first liquid crystal cell 11 and the second liquid crystal cell 12 are in a black state. Only when a voltage is applied to the first liquid crystal cell 11 and the second liquid crystal cell 12, the liquid crystal rotates under the action of the electric field, and the light from the backlight module 13 can pass through the first liquid crystal cell 11 and the second liquid crystal cell 12 to realize the display function. In this solution, the light utilization rate of the backlight module 13 is limited by the optical rotation efficiency of the liquid crystal under the action of the electric field, so the transmittance is low. Moreover, since voltage needs to be supplied to both the first liquid crystal cell 11 and the second liquid crystal cell 12 during display, there is also the problem of high power consumption. In order to improve the transmittance problem, it is necessary to use a backlight module 13 with higher brightness, which will lead to increased costs and further aggravate the problems of power consumption and heat generation.

[0036] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a display module. Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a planar schematic diagram of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The planar structure of the display module is illustrated by taking a rectangular structure as an example, but is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the display module may also be embodied in any other feasible shape, such as a rounded rectangle, a circle, etc. Figure 3The relative positional relationship among the backlight module 50 , the light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 and the display liquid crystal box 30 is merely illustrated, and the actual sizes and specific structures of the backlight module 50 , the light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 and the display liquid crystal box 30 are not limited.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display module, including a backlight module 50 and a light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 and a display liquid crystal box 30 arranged on the light-emitting side of the backlight module 50, wherein the light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 is located between the display liquid crystal box 30 and the backlight module 50; the light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 is at least configured to control the area and light intensity of the light emitted by the backlight module 50 transmitted to the display liquid crystal box 30; at least one of the display liquid crystal box 30 and the light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 is in a normally white mode.

[0038] In the display module provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 is located between the display liquid crystal cell 30 and the backlight module 50. The light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 does not directly form an image, but rather adjusts the overall light intensity and area reaching the display liquid crystal cell 30 above it by controlling the polarization state of the light passing through it. The light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 can be considered a polarization-controlled light valve capable of regional dimming. The display liquid crystal cell 30 is the component that actually forms the final displayed image. The display liquid crystal cell 30 receives polarized light modulated by the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 below it and further controls the transmittance of each pixel to produce different brightness levels.

[0039] Optionally, the liquid crystals in the light-control liquid crystal box 40 and the display liquid crystal box 30 in the embodiment of the present disclosure are IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode liquid crystals or FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode liquid crystals. In the IPS mode and FFS mode liquid crystal panels, the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes are on the same glass substrate. When a voltage is applied, an electric field mainly parallel to the surface of the glass substrate is generated between these staggered electrodes. The liquid crystal molecules are designed to be arranged parallel to the substrate surface in the initial state. Under the action of the electric field, the liquid crystal molecules will rotate within this plane instead of flipping perpendicular to the substrate. Since the liquid crystal molecules always rotate within the horizontal plane, even when viewed from a larger angle, the effect of the liquid crystal molecules on the polarization state of light is relatively consistent, thus providing a wider viewing angle.

[0040] In the display module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, when at least one of the display liquid crystal box 30 and the light-control liquid crystal box 40 is in the normally white mode, for the liquid crystal box in the normally white mode, when there is no voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged parallel to the substrate and are not twisted, and light can pass directly through, presenting a bright state, which is beneficial to improving the overall transmittance. A voltage needs to be applied to display the dark state. When the normally white mode displays a mostly white or high-brightness image, since the pixels are in a natural light-transmitting state, the electric field driving the liquid crystal can be reduced, thereby improving the overall light utilization rate and reducing power consumption to a certain extent. Moreover, the display can be achieved without a high-power backlight module 50, which is beneficial to reducing costs and improving the problems of increased power consumption and heat generation caused by the introduction of a high-power backlight module 50.

[0041] When the display module is a single-box display, for example, it only includes a backlight module 50 and a display liquid crystal box 30, if the display liquid crystal box 30 is in a normally white mode, when the display liquid crystal box 30 needs to display a black state locally, it is necessary to apply a voltage to rotate the liquid crystal molecules in the display liquid crystal box 30 to block the light. This method may cause a certain amount of light leakage, resulting in the problem that the black state is not black. Therefore, the embodiment of the present disclosure further introduces a light-control liquid crystal box 40 between the display liquid crystal box 30 and the backlight module 50. The introduction of the light-control liquid crystal box 40 realizes the function of local dimming. When the display liquid crystal box 30 needs to display black, the light-control liquid crystal box 40 can further block the backlight from passing through, thereby achieving a deeper black and improving the contrast. The light-control liquid crystal box 40 can realize global or regional dimming, and dynamically adjust the backlight brightness according to the content of the displayed image. Through the coordinated control of the two liquid crystal boxes, a higher dynamic contrast ratio can be achieved than that of a single-layer normally white mode liquid crystal box.

[0042] When the display liquid crystal cell 30 in the disclosed embodiment is in normally white mode and the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 is in normally black mode, the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 receives light from the backlight module 50 and controls its transmission to the display liquid crystal cell 30. The light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 can adjust the area and intensity of light transmission. The light modulated by the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 then passes through the display liquid crystal cell 30. Because the display liquid crystal cell 30 is in normally white mode, when no or only a low voltage is applied, the pixel will be bright. When a darker pixel is required, a voltage is applied to distort the liquid crystal and block light. The light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 implements local dimming (controlling light in specific areas). The normally white mode display liquid crystal cell 30 can finely adjust the light in these pre-dimmed areas, potentially achieving deeper blacks and higher contrast, especially in dark scenes. Because normally white mode inherently allows light to pass without voltage, turning pixels "on" (brightening) can be very fast, simply by reducing or removing voltage. This facilitates the display of bright images or fast-moving bright content and helps reduce power consumption.

[0043] When the display LC cell 30 is in normally black mode and the light-control LC cell 40 is in normally white mode, the light-control LC cell 40 allows backlight to pass through when no or only a low voltage is applied to it, resulting in a bright output. To dim or block light in specific areas, a voltage is applied to distort the liquid crystals and reduce light transmission. The display LC cell 30 receives pre-modulated light from the light-control LC cell 40 and forms the final image based on its own operating mode. Because the light-control LC cell 40 is transparent by default, dimming specific bright areas requires applying a voltage. This is effective for scenes dominated by bright colors, as the light-control LC cell 40 allows light to pass by default. By keeping the light-control LC cell 40 in normally white mode, any inherent non-uniformity in the backlight can be more easily compensated for, as the light-control LC cell 40 passes light uniformly by default and only actively dims specific areas. In this solution, the main function of the light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 is to enhance contrast through local dimming, and it is in normally white mode. The light-controlling liquid crystal box 40 can allow maximum light transmission when needed, thereby also helping to improve the overall brightness of the display product.

[0044] When both the display LC cell 30 and the light-control LC cell 40 are in normally white mode, the light-control LC cell 40 controls the light from the backlight. Its default state is transparent, allowing light to pass through. Applying voltage can dim or block light in specific areas, effectively achieving local dimming. The light pre-modulated by the light-control LC cell 40 then enters the display LC cell 30. The display LC cell 30, also in normally white mode, further modulates the light to form the final image. Pixels are bright (no voltage) by default and dimmed by applying voltage. Local dimming by the light-control LC cell 40 achieves very deep blacks by significantly reducing the light from dark areas. The display LC cell 30 then performs fine adjustments to ensure precise brightness control. This "dual-layer" light-control approach achieves contrast ratios far exceeding those of a single LC cell. When displaying a completely white or mostly white image, the light-control LC cell 40, in normally white mode, is transparent by default. Therefore, no or very low voltage is applied to these areas to allow light to pass, achieving high brightness and significantly reducing power consumption. The display liquid crystal cell 30 is also in normally white mode, requiring no or very low voltage when displaying bright colors. In this case, while full backlight operation is required to achieve high brightness, the high light transmission efficiency of both liquid crystal cells allows the entire display system to efficiently utilize backlight energy, reducing unnecessary losses and achieving high brightness while maintaining relatively reasonable power consumption.

[0045] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of the first pixel opening K1 in the display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of the second pixel openings K2 in the display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein: Figure 4 The same graphic filling represents a sub-pixel S1 with the same light-emitting color, and different graphic fillings represent a first sub-pixel with different light-emitting colors. The embodiment of the present disclosure is described by taking the liquid crystal box 30 as an example, wherein the three light-emitting colors can be red, green, and blue, respectively, but the present disclosure is not limited to this. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the display liquid crystal box 30 includes a plurality of first pixel rows H1 arranged along a first direction D1, the first pixel row H1 includes a plurality of first sub-pixels S1 arranged along a second direction D2, and the first sub-pixel S1 includes a first pixel opening K1; the light-control liquid crystal box 40 includes a plurality of second pixel rows H2 arranged along the first direction D1, the second pixel row H2 includes a plurality of second sub-pixels S2 arranged along the second direction D2, and the second sub-pixel S2 includes a second pixel opening K2, and the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 intersect; along the second direction D2, the width d1 of the first pixel opening K1 is the same as the width d2 of the second pixel opening K2; along a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display module, the first pixel opening K1 overlaps with the second pixel opening K2.

[0046] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the display liquid crystal cell 30 and the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the first pixel opening K1 in the display liquid crystal cell 30 and the second pixel opening K2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 have the same width and overlap in the vertical direction. By independently controlling the transmittance of each second pixel opening K2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, more precise control of the backlight can be achieved. When two adjacent first pixel openings K1 along the second direction D2 in the display liquid crystal cell 30 need to display a bright state and the other needs to display a black state, precise light control of the two first pixel openings K1 can be achieved by separately controlling the transmittance of the second pixel openings K2 corresponding to the two first pixel openings K1, thereby avoiding the problem of light leakage to the second pixel opening K2 that needs to display a black state. Therefore, the first pixel openings K1 and the second pixel openings K2 are configured with the same width, which facilitates more precise light control, reduces unnecessary light leakage, and improves the contrast of the display module.

[0047] Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 3 The difference is that the polarization directions of the three polarizers are different. In this disclosure, when the symbols on the side of the polarizer are the same, it means that the polarization directions of the two are the same. When the symbols on the side of the polarizer are different, it means that the polarization directions of the two are perpendicular. Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module includes a first polarizer P1, a second polarizer P2 and a third polarizer P3, the first polarizer P1 is located on a side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the light control liquid crystal box 40, the second polarizer P2 is located between the display liquid crystal box 30 and the light control liquid crystal box 40, and the third polarizer P3 is located on a side of the light control liquid crystal box 40 away from the display liquid crystal box 30, wherein the polarization directions of the first polarizer P1 and the second polarizer P2 are the same, and the polarization directions of the first polarizer P1 and the third polarizer P3 are perpendicular.

[0048] This embodiment illustrates a solution in which the display liquid crystal cell 30 is in normally white mode and the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is in normally black mode. Assume that the polarization directions of the first polarizer P1, the second polarizer P2, and the third polarizer P3 are θ, θ, and θ+90°, respectively. Unpolarized light emitted by the backlight module 50 first passes through the third polarizer P3, where it is converted into polarized light with a specific polarization direction of θ+90°. When the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is in normally black mode, when power is off, the IPS or FFS liquid crystal molecules in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 are not deflected, and the polarization direction of light does not change after passing through the liquid crystals. In this case, the light cannot pass through the second polarizer P2. When power is applied to the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, the IPS or FFS liquid crystal molecules in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 rotate within the plane. Ideally, they rotate 90°, causing the polarization direction of light emitted from the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 to change to θ. Considering that the polarization direction of the second polarizer P2 is θ, ideally, light emitted from the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 can pass through the second polarizer P2 to the maximum extent possible, with the polarization direction of the emitted light being θ. It should be noted that the liquid crystal molecules in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 may not rotate 90° after being subjected to the electric field. However, as long as effective rotation occurs, light can pass through the second polarizer P2. After passing through the second polarizer P2, since the display liquid crystal cell 30 is in normally white mode (no power applied), the IPS or FFS liquid crystal molecules maintain the polarization direction of the incident light unchanged at θ. This allows the light to pass through the first polarizer P1 to the maximum extent possible.

[0049] In this embodiment, the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 acts as a light valve. When voltage is applied to it, light can reach the display liquid crystal cell 30; when no voltage is applied, the light is blocked. By controlling different regions of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, overall or regional control of the backlight can be achieved, thereby helping to improve overall dynamic contrast. Because the display liquid crystal cell 30 is in normally white mode, after receiving light, its bright state can still be achieved without applying voltage, which helps improve light utilization. When the display liquid crystal cell 30 needs to display black, it can block light by adjusting the electric field of the first subpixel. At the same time, it can further block the backlight by applying voltage to the corresponding region of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, thereby achieving a deeper black, thereby improving overall contrast.

[0050] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the polarization direction of the first polarizer P1 and the second polarizer P2 is 0 degrees, and the polarization direction of the third polarizer P3 is 90 degrees; or, the polarization direction of the first polarizer P1 and the second polarizer P2 is 90 degrees, and the polarization direction of the third polarizer P3 is 0 degrees.

[0051] When the polarization directions of the first polarizer P1 and the second polarizer P2 are both 0° or 90°, the display liquid crystal cell 30 does not change the polarization direction of light in the absence of voltage (default state), and light passes directly through the first and second polarizers P1 and P2. When the polarization direction of the third polarizer P3 is perpendicular to that of the second polarizer P2, the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 forms a normally black light valve. In the absence of voltage, the liquid crystals in the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 do not rotate, nor do they change the polarization direction of light. Polarized light incident on the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 is blocked by the second polarizer P2. When voltage is applied, the liquid crystals in the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 rotate, causing the polarization direction of light to rotate 90°, allowing light to pass through the second polarizer P2. In this embodiment, the light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 can serve as an independent brightness control layer to achieve local dimming, improve dynamic range, and reduce light leakage. Furthermore, the normally black mode light-controlling liquid crystal cell 40 can provide a deeper black for the display liquid crystal cell 30, thereby achieving higher contrast.

[0052] When the display liquid crystal box 30 is in the normally white mode and the light control liquid crystal box 40 is in the normally black mode, in an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical path difference of the display liquid crystal box 30 is greater than the optical path difference of the light control liquid crystal box 40. The optical path difference of the liquid crystal box determines the transmission characteristics of the display (bright state or dark state). In the normally white mode, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal box is designed to allow light to pass through to the greatest extent, presenting white. In order to achieve "pure" white, the liquid crystal layer needs to be able to effectively transmit polarized light throughout the entire visible spectrum. Therefore, when a larger optical path difference value is set for the display liquid crystal box 30 in the normally white mode, it can be ensured as much as possible that the phase delay of light is closer to the optimal value within the main wavelength range of visible light, thereby reducing the color cast caused by uneven transmission of light of different colors, so that the display can present a more uniform and purer white when displaying bright color content, reducing yellow or blue casts, and improving color accuracy.

[0053] In normally black mode, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal cell is designed to block light, appearing black. To achieve a "deep" black, the liquid crystal layer needs to not rotate polarized light as much as possible across the entire visible spectrum, thereby maximizing light blocking. Therefore, setting a smaller optical path difference for the normally black mode light-control liquid crystal cell 40 can minimize the polarization rotation effect of the liquid crystal layer on light in the undriven state, reducing light leakage. This allows the display to present a deeper, purer black when displaying dark content, significantly reducing light leakage and significantly improving contrast. By increasing the optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell 30 in normally white mode, a purer white can be achieved, and by reducing the optical path difference of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 in normally black mode, a deeper black can be achieved. The combination of the two can significantly improve contrast.

[0054] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell 30 is Δnd1, and the optical path difference of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is Δnd2, wherein 320 nm ≤ Δnd1 ≤ 450 nm, and 280 nm ≤ Δnd2 ≤ 380 nm.

[0055] When the optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell 30 in the normally white mode is set to 320nm≤△nd1≤450nm, this range is close to the half-wavelength or quarter-wavelength delay within the visible light wavelength range. For the normally white mode, this can ensure that the maximum amount of light passes through in the no-voltage state (bright state), providing a bright white display. At the same time, when voltage is applied (dark state), the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules changes, causing the polarization rotation of the light to change, which is effectively blocked by the polarizer to achieve a deep black. Therefore, the setting of the aforementioned optical path difference helps to achieve high contrast between the bright and dark states. The optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell 30 in the normally white mode is selected in the range of 320nm to 450nm. A compromise point can be found within the entire visible light band, so that the three primary colors of red, green, and blue can all obtain relatively good polarization control, thereby achieving more accurate color reproduction and reducing color shift. This range can generally effectively suppress light leakage and ensure brightness uniformity and color purity in the white state. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical path difference range of the display liquid crystal cell 30 in the normally white mode may be adjusted according to actual conditions, for example, 330 nm ≤ Δnd1 ≤ 420 nm, or 380 nm ≤ Δnd1 ≤ 430 nm.

[0056] When the optical path difference of the normally black mode light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is set to 280nm≤△nd2≤380nm, in the no-voltage state (dark state), the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 needs to maximally not change (or only slightly change) the polarization direction of the incident light, so that the light is completely blocked by the orthogonally placed polarizers (such as the combination of the second polarizer P2 and the third polarizer P3), ensuring the ultimate black field performance. When 280nm≤△nd2≤380nm, it is beneficial to optimize the light blocking efficiency in the normally black mode, minimize light leakage, and thus achieve higher contrast. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the optical path difference range of the normally black mode light-control liquid crystal cell 40 can also be adjusted according to actual conditions, for example, 290nm≤△nd2≤350nm, or 300nm≤△nd2≤340nm, etc.

[0057] Figure 7 and Figure 8 For another schematic diagram of a film layer of a display module provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module includes a first polarizer P1, a second polarizer P2 and a third polarizer P3, the first polarizer P1 is located on a side of the display liquid crystal box 30 away from the light-control liquid crystal box 40, the second polarizer P2 is located between the display liquid crystal box 30 and the light-control liquid crystal box 40, and the third polarizer P3 is located on a side of the light-control liquid crystal box 40 away from the display liquid crystal box 30, wherein the polarization directions of the first polarizer P1, the second polarizer P2 and the third polarizer P3 are the same.

[0058] This embodiment illustrates a solution in which both the display liquid crystal box 30 and the light-control liquid crystal box 40 are in normally white mode. Assume that the polarization directions of the first polarizer P1, the second polarizer P2, and the third polarizer P3 are all θ. The backlight module 50 emits unpolarized light, which first passes through the third polarizer P3 and becomes polarized light with a polarization direction of θ. The light-control liquid crystal box 40 is in normally white mode. When there is no voltage, the IPS liquid crystal or FFS liquid crystal maintains the polarization direction of the incident light unchanged, and the polarization direction of the outgoing light remains θ. If the light-control liquid crystal box 40 is in a light-blocking state (for example, when sufficient voltage is applied to the light-control liquid crystal box 40 in normally white mode), ideally, the IPS liquid crystal or FFS liquid crystal rotates the polarization direction of the incident light by 90° to θ+90°.

[0059] The polarization direction of the second polarizer P2 is the same as that of the third polarizer P3. When no voltage is applied to the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, the polarization direction of light emitted from the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is θ, parallel to the polarization direction of the second polarizer P2, allowing the light to pass through the second polarizer P2 to the greatest extent possible. When a voltage is applied to the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, the polarization direction of light emitted from the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is θ+90°, perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarizer P2, preventing the light from passing through the second polarizer P2. The light emitted from the second polarizer P2 to the display liquid crystal cell 30 is linearly polarized light with a polarization direction of θ. When no voltage is applied to the display liquid crystal cell 30, the polarization direction of the incident light is not changed. When a voltage is applied, the polarization direction of the incident light is rotated. Only when the polarization direction of light emitted from the liquid crystal cell is θ can the light pass through the first polarizer P1.

[0060] In this configuration, light can only pass through the second polarizer P2 and reach the upper display liquid crystal cell 30 when there is no voltage applied to the light-control liquid crystal cell 40. When voltage is applied to the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, light is blocked, and the screen appears dark. Upon receiving light, the upper display liquid crystal cell 30 (in normally white mode) generates grayscale by controlling the liquid crystal state of its own pixels. Its normally white mode characteristic means that areas where no voltage is applied are bright. The brightness of the entire display module depends on the state of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40. The display liquid crystal cell 30 can only display an image when the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 allows light to pass through.

[0061] When the polarization directions of the three polarizers in the display module are set to parallel, both the display liquid crystal cell 30 and the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 operate in normally white mode. Light loss primarily stems from absorption by the polarizers themselves and the transmittance of the liquid crystal cell. Therefore, the parallel polarizers have a higher theoretical transmittance when fully lit, potentially providing higher brightness in the fully lit state and maintaining the lit state in the absence of an electric field. This significantly reduces power consumption and eliminates the need for a high-power backlight module 50, thus improving issues such as high power consumption and heat generation.

[0062] When the display liquid crystal box 30 and the light control liquid crystal box 40 are both in the normally white mode, in an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the optical path difference of the display liquid crystal box 30 is △nd1, and the optical path difference of the light control liquid crystal box 40 is △nd2, wherein 320nm≤△nd1≤450nm, 320nm≤△nd2≤450nm.

[0063] In the case where both the display LC cell 30 and the light-control LC cell 40 are in normally white mode, the optical path difference between the display LC cell 30 and the light-control LC cell 40 is set to the same range in the disclosed embodiment. The display LC cell 30 is responsible for pixel-level image content and color display. Its Δnd1 setting ensures precise brightness (grayscale) control of each pixel from bright to dark, and achieves high-quality blacks at full dark. The light-control LC cell 40 is responsible for global or regional brightness control. Because Δnd2 and Δnd1 have the same range, the light-control LC cell 40 also has the potential to achieve precise brightness modulation from full bright to full dark, making it ideal for use as a local dimming layer, independently controlling backlight brightness, significantly improving contrast, dynamic range, and energy efficiency. The collaborative operation of the two LC cells enables fine image control and deeper blacks that are unattainable with traditional single-layer LC. Furthermore, using the same Δnd range for the display LC cell 30 and the light-control LC cell 40 allows both LC cells to use the same or similar liquid crystal materials and manufacturing processes, which simplifies the design and production process and reduces complexity and cost.

[0064] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 Shown is another schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second pixel opening K2 in the display module provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, along a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display module, one second pixel opening K2 overlaps with n first pixel openings K1 arranged along the first direction D1, where 1≤n≤4.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when one second pixel opening K2 overlaps with n first pixel openings K1, it means that one second sub-pixel S2 can control the brightness of n first sub-pixels S1. When n=1, please combine Figure 4 and Figure 9 , the second sub-pixel S2 has a 1:1 correspondence with the first sub-pixel S1. At this time, the brightness of each first sub-pixel S1 can be precisely controlled individually, and the backlight can be precisely adjusted according to the brightness and darkness requirements of each first sub-pixel S1, thereby achieving the most refined local dimming and bringing the ultimate contrast. When n = 2, 3, or 4, for example, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5, the second sub-pixel S2 and the first sub-pixel S1 have a 1:n correspondence. One second sub-pixel S2 controls the brightness of n first sub-pixels S1. Although not as fine as 1:1, it is still much finer than traditional global backlight control (backlight overall brightness adjustment), and can still effectively reduce halo while maintaining high contrast. Halo is a common defect of local dimming liquid crystal display products, which refers to a circle of halo around bright objects. The present disclosure sets the second sub-pixel S2 and the first sub-pixel S1 in a 1:n ratio, and when n≤4, the smaller n (the closer to 1:1), the finer the light control ability, and the less obvious the halo phenomenon. Selecting a ratio of 1≤n≤4 can achieve a balance between fineness, cost and technical implementation difficulty to provide an acceptable halo suppression effect. For example, when displaying a picture of a bright object on a dark background, the light-control liquid crystal box 40 can only light up the area corresponding to the bright object, while keeping the surrounding area dark, thereby presenting a very high contrast.

[0066] It should be noted that Figure 4 Only n=2 is used as an example for illustration, that is, one second pixel opening K2 corresponds to two first pixel openings K1, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the value of n can be flexibly adjusted according to dimming requirements. For example, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 In order to achieve the most refined dimming, n can also be set to 1, so that the first pixel opening K1 and the second pixel opening K2 are set in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0067] Figure 10 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a connection between the first data line DA and the second sub-pixel S2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 and Figure 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-control liquid crystal box 40 includes a plurality of first data lines DA arranged along the second direction D2 and extending along the first direction D1; the light-control liquid crystal box 40 includes a plurality of second pixel columns L2 arranged along the second direction D2, and the second pixel column L2 includes a plurality of second sub-pixels S2 arranged along the first direction D1; the second sub-pixels S2 located in the same second pixel column L2 are connected to the same first data line DA and correspond to the first sub-pixels S1 of the same color; the second sub-pixels S2 in different second pixel columns L2 are connected to different first data lines DA. Figure 3 The first sub-pixels S1 in the same column have the same luminous color, and different images are filled with first sub-pixels representing different luminous colors.

[0068] In this embodiment, because a single first data line DA controls an entire column of second subpixels S2, the brightness of each column of second subpixels S2 can be independently adjusted. When the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is stacked with the display liquid crystal cell 30, this column-by-column control capability enables precise local dimming in the vertical direction. For example, if a vertical bright line is to be displayed on the screen, the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 can precisely illuminate the light-control pixel column (second pixel column L2) corresponding to that line, while keeping the light-control pixel columns on either side dark, significantly improving contrast and suppressing haloing. Furthermore, each column of second subpixels S2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is designed to align with a column of subpixels of a specific color in the display liquid crystal cell 30. For example, one column of second subpixels S2 corresponds to a column of red subpixels in the display liquid crystal cell 30, while another column of second subpixels S2 corresponds to a column of green subpixels in the display liquid crystal cell 30. This enables color-domain local dimming by the light-control liquid crystal cell 40. For example, when the display module is displaying a deep red area, the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 can precisely brighten the second sub-pixel column S2 corresponding to the red sub-pixel while dimming the second sub-pixel columns S2 corresponding to other colors (green and blue). By precisely controlling the backlighting of specific color areas, interference from stray light is reduced, resulting in purer displayed colors.

[0069] All second sub-pixels S2 in the same second pixel column L2 are connected to the same first data line DA. This allows for relatively few first data lines DA to drive the entire light-control liquid crystal cell 40, simplifying the manufacturing complexity of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 and reducing the cost of the drive circuit. Sharing data lines by column optimizes wiring density while achieving precise control.

[0070] Please continue to refer to Figure 10 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module includes a binding region Q0 and a plurality of conductive pads P01 disposed in the binding region Q0. In different second pixel columns L2 corresponding to first sub-pixels S1 of the same color, the first data lines DA are connected to different conductive pads P01. Optionally, the conductive pads P01 are configured to electrically connect to a driver chip.

[0071] In this embodiment, the second pixel columns L2 corresponding to different colors are connected to different conductive pads P01 through different first data lines DA. In this way, the driver chip of the display module can independently control the backlight brightness of different color areas to achieve local dimming of the color domain. For example, when a high-brightness pure red object needs to be displayed on the screen, the driver chip can only brighten the light control column corresponding to the red sub-pixel, while keeping the light control columns corresponding to the green and blue sub-pixels in a dark state. Since the second pixel column L2 corresponding to each color has an independent conductive pad P01 and first data line DA, the driver chip can distribute the voltage and current more finely, reducing the brightness inconsistency caused by driving non-uniformity or crosstalk. Independent data lines and conductive pads may allow faster voltage switching, thereby accelerating the response of the light control pixels and reducing smearing. In addition, if there is a problem with the dimming of a certain color area, it can be diagnosed directly through the corresponding pads and data lines, which helps to narrow the scope of the fault and simplify troubleshooting.

[0072] Figure 11 FIG. 4 is another connection diagram of the first data line DA and the sub-pixel in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 and Figure 11 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, a display module includes a binding area Q0 and a plurality of conductive pads P01 disposed in the binding area Q0. The light-control liquid crystal cell 40 includes a plurality of pixel column groups LZ arranged along a second direction D2. Each pixel column group LZ includes at least two second pixel columns L2. Different second pixel columns L2 in the same pixel column group LZ correspond to first pixel openings K1 of different light-emitting colors. In the N pixel column groups LZ, in the N second pixel columns L2 corresponding to the first pixel openings K1 of the same light-emitting color, N first data lines DA are connected to the same conductive pad P01, where N ≥ 2 and is an integer. This embodiment is described using an example in which a pixel column group LZ includes three second pixel columns L2. The three second pixel columns L2 correspond to three columns of first sub-pixels in the display liquid crystal cell, and the three columns of first sub-pixels have different colors, for example, red, green, and blue.

[0073] This embodiment illustrates three pixel column groups LZ. The first data lines corresponding to first subpixels of the same color in the three pixel column groups LZ are connected to the same conductive pad P01. For example, in the three pixel column groups LZ, the three first data lines DA of the second subpixel S2 corresponding to the red first subpixel are connected to the same conductive pad P01, the three first data lines DA of the second subpixel S2 corresponding to the green first subpixel are connected to another conductive pad P01, and the three first data lines DA of the second subpixel S2 corresponding to the blue first subpixel are connected to yet another conductive pad P01. When at least N data lines of the same light-emitting color are connected to the same conductive pad P01, the driver chip only needs to control the signal on one pad to simultaneously drive N light-controlled pixel columns. This significantly reduces the number of driver IC pins and wiring density required. Reducing the number of driver IC pins directly reduces the cost of the driver chip, simplifies the module manufacturing process, and reduces material and assembly costs, achieving a balance between achieving a certain degree of local dimming effect and controlling manufacturing costs.

[0074] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, N≤8. Compared with the solution of N=1 (extremely fine, high cost), or N may be very large (poor fineness), N≤8 is set in the embodiment of the present disclosure, which can significantly reduce the number of driver IC pins and wiring costs while still achieving a relatively good local dimming effect. For example, if the display screen width is 1920 pixels, when N=8, only about 1920 / 8=240 independently controlled light control columns are required, which helps to greatly reduce the number of required drive channels. When N is too large, a conductive pad P01 will control a large area of pixels, which will cause the local dimming effect to become very rough and prone to obvious halo effects, thereby seriously affecting the picture quality. Limiting N to 8 means that the size of the light control area is controlled within a relatively small range, which helps to suppress the halo effect and visually maintain an acceptable dimming granularity. Users will not feel obvious brightness jumps or unevenness due to the large light control area. In addition, the size and cost of the driver IC are closely related to the number of its pins. The setting of N≤8 ensures that the size of the required driver IC is within a controllable and economical range, thus facilitating the design of more compact and cost-effective display modules.

[0075] Figure 12 and Figure 13 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams respectively showing a connection between the first scan line SC and the first data line DA and the sub-pixel in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 12 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 includes a plurality of first scan lines SC arranged along the first direction D1 and extending along the second direction D2; the second sub-pixels S2 located in the same second pixel row H2 are connected to the same first scan line SC, please refer to Figure 12 , the second sub-pixels S2 located in different second pixel rows H2 are connected to different first scan lines SC; different first scan lines SC are connected to different scan signal terminals P02, or, please refer to Figure 13 , the same scan signal terminal P02 is connected to M first scan lines SC, where M≥2 and is an integer.

[0076] This embodiment describes two connection situations of the first scan line SC in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, wherein: Figure 12 The scheme of connecting different first scan lines SC to different scan signal terminals P02 is illustrated. Figure 13 The scheme of connecting at least two first scan lines SC to the same scan signal terminal P02 is illustrated. Figure 12 When different first scan lines SC are connected to different scan signal terminals P02, since each first scan line SC controls an entire row of second sub-pixels S2 (light-control pixels), the brightness of each row of light-control pixels can be independently adjusted. Combined with the previously described column-by-column control of the first data lines DA, this solution enables two-dimensional (row and column) independent addressing of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40. Each light-control pixel can be precisely and individually controlled, achieving the finest local dimming. This allows the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 to perform pixel-level brightness modulation based entirely on the brightness requirements of the display pixels, accurately simulating the brightness distribution of the content, making bright areas brighter and dark areas darker, resulting in a more superior visual effect.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 13 , when the same scan signal terminal P02 is connected to M first scan lines SC (M≥2), the number of pins of the driver IC can be greatly reduced. For example, if the display screen has 1080 lines, when M=2, the number of scan signal terminals P02 required is halved. The cost of the driver IC is proportional to the number of pins, and reducing the pins can significantly reduce the cost of the IC. At the same time, the wiring on the module will also be simplified, reducing the PCB cost and manufacturing difficulty. Therefore, this embodiment can strictly control the manufacturing cost while achieving a certain degree of local dimming effect. The setting of M≥2 in this embodiment reduces the number of scan line drive pins, and the driver IC can be smaller, which helps to design a more compact and cost-effective display module.

[0078] Please continue to refer to Figure 13In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, when the same scan signal terminal P02 is connected to M first scan lines SC, M≤4. Optionally, 2≤M≤4. Each scan signal terminal P02 will drive 2 to 4 rows of light-controlled pixels at the same time. Compared with the case where the M value may be very large (for example, M=10 or greater), limiting M to 4 means that the number of pins and wiring complexity of the driver chip can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing production costs at the expense of a small amount of vertical dimming fineness. M is grouped in 2 to 4 rows, so that the vertical size of the light-controlled area will not be too large, thereby effectively suppressing the halo effect and visually maintaining a relatively fine dimming granularity. For example, for a display with 2160 rows of pixels, when M=4, the number of scan signal terminals P02 is 2160 / 4=540, which is much lower than the 2160 independently controlled per row, but can still provide a much better effect than global dimming.

[0079] Figure 14 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of the first pixel electrode PI-1 in the display liquid crystal cell 30. Figure 15 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single first pixel electrode PI-1. Figure 16 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of the second pixel electrode PI-2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40. Figure 17 A schematic structural diagram of a single second pixel electrode PI-2 is shown. Figure 14 Take the first sub-pixel S1 with two rows and three columns as an example for explanation. Figure 16 The following description is also made by taking the second sub-pixel S2 with two rows and three columns as an example. Figures 14 to 17In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sub-pixel S1 includes a first pixel electrode PI-1, and the second sub-pixel S2 includes a second pixel electrode PI-2, the first pixel electrode PI-1 is a dual-domain structure, and the second pixel electrode PI-2 is a single-domain structure. The dual-domain structure means that within a sub-pixel unit, the liquid crystal molecules form at least two regions (i.e., "domains") with different tilt or rotation directions under the action of an electric field. For example, this can be achieved by designing special slits, protrusions or patterns on the pixel electrode so that the direction of the electric field changes at multiple angles within the pixel. The dual-domain structure creates multiple domains with symmetrical optical responses within a pixel, so that when viewed from different viewing angles, the optical properties of each domain can compensate for each other, thereby greatly widening the viewing angle of the display and reducing the color and brightness distortion caused by the viewing angle. The single-domain structure means that within a sub-pixel unit, the liquid crystal molecules tilt or rotate in a single direction or in a single mode under the action of an electric field. In a single-domain structure, when the display is observed from an oblique angle, due to the consistent overall deflection direction of the liquid crystal molecules, a significant shift in brightness and color (color cast or grayscale inversion) may occur. The pixel electrode structure in a single-domain structure is relatively simple, resulting in a higher aperture ratio and higher light transmission efficiency for the corresponding pixel. In a single-domain structure, since the liquid crystal molecules tend to deflect uniformly within the pixel, the additional light loss caused by domain walls in a multi-domain structure is avoided.

[0080] In this embodiment, the display liquid crystal cell 30 is designed with a dual-domain structure, while the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is designed with a single-domain structure. For the display liquid crystal cell 30, wide viewing angle performance and color uniformity are prioritized to provide an optimal visual experience. Therefore, setting the pixel electrodes in the display liquid crystal cell 30 to a dual-domain structure meets this requirement, ensuring consistent image color and brightness regardless of viewing angle. The light-control liquid crystal cell 40 primarily faces the backlight, and its primary function is to modulate backlight intensity. As a brightness modulator, the core responsibility of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 is to efficiently control the on and off of light to achieve extreme brightness and pure blacks. Therefore, when the pixel electrodes in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 are set to a single-domain structure, the high transmittance and high switching efficiency of the single-domain structure can be effectively utilized to achieve precise local dimming and high contrast.

[0081] Please continue to refer to Figure 15 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pixel electrode PI-1 includes at least two first electrode strips T1, the first electrode strip T1 includes a first domain portion B1 and a second domain portion B2 connected to each other, and a first bending portion W1 connected to the first domain portion B1, and a second bending portion W2 connected to the second domain portion B2, the first bending portion W1 is located on a side of the first domain portion B1 away from the second domain portion B2, and the second bending portion W2 is located on a side of the second domain portion B2 away from the first domain portion B1.

[0082] This embodiment illustrates the specific structure of the first pixel electrode PI-1 in the display liquid crystal cell 30. The first domain B1 and the second domain B2 are the main components of the first pixel electrode PI-1 and can be strip-shaped, representing the two main driving regions within the pixel. They are interconnected to form a continuous electrode. Furthermore, a first bend W1 is introduced on the side of the first domain B1 facing away from the second domain B2, and a second bend W2 is introduced on the side of the second domain B2 facing away from the first domain B1. This bend creates an irregular, non-linear shape on the pixel electrode. When voltage is applied to this electrode, the electric field formed between it and the common electrode above or below is no longer unidirectional. Instead, the bend distorts and disperses the electric field lines, generating electric field components in more than one direction within the pixel. Through the ingenious design of the first bend W1 and the second bend W2, at least two regions with different electric field directions are induced within the pixel. This causes the liquid crystal molecules within these regions to deflect or tilt along different directions (e.g., symmetrical directions), forming a dual-domain (or multi-domain) structure. The dual-domain structure creates two or more regions with symmetrical optical responses within a single pixel. Viewed from a certain tilt angle, the brightness of one domain may decrease, while the brightness of the other domain may increase, or the colors may shift in opposite directions, with the two compensating for each other. This optical compensation mechanism enables the display module to maintain more consistent brightness, more stable colors, and higher contrast across a wider viewing angle, greatly enhancing the user's viewing experience. The dual-domain structure, through its symmetrical deflection pattern, makes the brightness changes of each grayscale smoother and more consistent at different viewing angles, thereby improving grayscale uniformity at wide viewing angles. At the same time, it reduces color distortion caused by viewing angle, making colors more accurate at different angles.

[0083] It should be noted that Figure 14 and Figure 15 The embodiment is described by taking an example in which a first pixel electrode PI-1 includes three first electrode strips T1. Figure 16 and Figure 17 The embodiment is described by taking the example of a second pixel electrode PI-2 including three second electrode strips T2, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of electrode strips actually included in the first pixel electrode PI-1 and the second pixel electrode PI-2 may also be other. It should also be noted that, Figure 14 and Figure 15 The embodiment is described by taking as an example the solution that both ends of the three first electrode strips T1 in the first pixel electrode PI-1 are electrically connected, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, only one end of the first electrode strip in the first pixel electrode PI-1 may be electrically connected. For example, please refer to Figure 18 , Figure 18FIG. 1 is another structural schematic diagram of a single first pixel electrode PI- 1 .

[0084] Figure 16 and Figure 17 Only one structure of the second pixel electrode PI-2 is illustrated. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, when the second pixel electrode PI-2 adopts a single-domain structure, the extension direction of the second electrode strip T2 can also be embodied in other ways. For example, please refer to Figure 19 , Figure 19 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another arrangement of the second pixel electrode PI- 2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 . Figure 16 and Figure 17 In the second pixel electrode PI-2 shown in FIG. 1 , the extending direction of the second electrode strip T2 is the same as the length direction of the second pixel opening. Figure 19 In the illustrated embodiment, the extension direction of the second electrode strips T2 intersects with the length direction of the second pixel opening.

[0085] Please continue to refer to Figure 14 and Figure 15 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the display liquid crystal cell 30 includes a first light shielding portion BM1, which includes a plurality of first sub-light shielding portions BM11 and a second sub-light shielding portion BM12. The first sub-light shielding portion BM11 is arranged corresponding to the first pixel opening K1 and surrounds the first pixel opening K1; along a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the display module, the second sub-light shielding portion BM12 overlaps with the area between the first domain portion B1 and the second domain portion B2. Please combine Figure 3 The extension direction of the second light shielding portion BM12 is the same as the arrangement direction of the first sub-pixels S1 of different colors. Figure 14 In the figure, it is shown as extending along the second direction D2.

[0086] In this embodiment, the first sub-shielding portion BM11 is positioned corresponding to and surrounds the first pixel opening K1. This ensures that each pixel area (first pixel opening K1) that is actually light-transmitting is precisely framed by the first sub-shielding portion BM11, preventing light from leaking from areas that should not be light-transmitting (such as inter-pixel circuit traces and TFT components). This directly improves the contrast of the display and creates purer blacks. In a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display module, the second sub-shielding portion BM12 overlaps the area between the first domain B1 and the second domain B2 (e.g., the center area of the sub-pixel) and extends in the same direction as the arrangement of the first sub-pixels S1 of different colors. In a dual-domain structure, the area between the first domain B1 and the second domain B2 is where the liquid crystal molecules have complex rotation and irregular arrangement, known as the domain wall region. The liquid crystal molecules in this area may not fully rotate as expected when a voltage is applied, resulting in light leakage in the black state (pixel off). By precisely shielding these domain wall regions, the second sub-shielding portion BM12 effectively blocks any light leakage that may occur at these domain walls. This greatly improves the display's black field performance, making blacks deeper and more uniform, significantly enhancing overall contrast, especially in dark images and wide viewing angles. The second sub-shading portion BM12 eliminates domain wall leakage, allowing the pixel's "dark" state to maintain a higher degree of uniformity at all viewing angles. This further enhances the wide viewing angle advantage brought by the dual-domain structure and ensures that the image remains stable and accurate at different viewing angles. Shielding these irregular areas with the second sub-shading portion BM12 helps to make the brightness output of each pixel more uniform, reducing local brightness inconsistencies caused by the domain wall effect and improving the overall appearance of the picture.

[0087] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to Figure 16 In the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 , along a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display module, a second pixel electrode PI- 2 overlaps with a second pixel opening K2 .

[0088] When a second pixel electrode PI-2 overlaps with a second pixel opening K2, each independent second pixel electrode PI-2 precisely controls an independent second pixel opening K2, so that the second pixel electrode PI-2 achieves the highest precision brightness modulation. Each second pixel opening K2 can be accurately "opened" or "closed", thereby maximally matching the brightness requirements of the display liquid crystal box 30. When black needs to be displayed, the second pixel electrode PI-2 can most thoroughly block the corresponding second pixel opening K2, minimize light leakage, and achieve the deepest black. The second pixel electrode PI-2 and the second pixel electrode PI-2 adopt a 1:1 overlapping relationship, providing the most fine-grained light control capability. The second pixel electrode PI-2 can most accurately limit light to appear only in the area that needs to be bright, thereby suppressing the halo effect to the greatest extent, making bright objects appear clearer and sharper on a dark background, effectively improving the contrast of the display product.

[0089] In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the second pixel electrode PI-2 may also be embodied as a dual-domain structure. For example, please refer to Figure 20 , Figure 20 FIG. 4 shows another schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second pixel electrode PI-2 in the light-control liquid crystal cell 40. In this case, the second electrode strip T2 of the dual-domain second pixel electrode PI-2 includes two domains B21 and B22, each overlapping a different second pixel opening K2. This correspondence between the second pixel electrode PI-2 and the second pixel opening K2 means that for each second pixel opening K2, only one domain corresponds to the second pixel opening. This effectively utilizes the light-transmitting area of the second pixel opening K2, increasing overall light transmittance and thereby boosting the amount of light provided by the light-control liquid crystal cell to the actual liquid crystal cell, improving light utilization.

[0090] Furthermore, when one second pixel electrode PI-2 overlaps two second pixel openings K2, the number of second pixel electrodes PI-2 required in the light-control liquid crystal cell, as well as the drive circuits and connection points associated with the second pixel electrodes PI-2, is effectively reduced. This significantly simplifies the manufacturing process of the light-control liquid crystal cell 40 and reduces the cost of materials and drive circuits. This design achieves a practical balance between pursuing higher display performance and controlling manufacturing costs.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 16 、 Figure 19 and Figure 20 In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the light-control liquid crystal box 40 includes a plurality of second pixel columns L2 arranged along the second direction D2; the light-control liquid crystal box 40 includes a second light-shielding portion BM2, the second light-shielding portion BM2 includes a plurality of third sub-light-shielding portions BM23, and the third sub-light-shielding portions BM23 are located between adjacent second pixel columns L2.

[0092] In a liquid crystal display, even when a pixel is in the "off" (black) state, a small amount of light will still leak out from the edge of the pixel or the gap between the pixels because the liquid crystal molecules are not fully aligned or the drive is not perfect. This is called "light leakage". In the light-control liquid crystal box 40, the third sub-light-shielding portion BM23 is precisely placed between adjacent second pixel columns L2. This means that they shield the gaps and drive lines between the light-control pixel columns (i.e., the second pixel columns L2). These gaps and lines are common paths for light leakage, and are also areas where liquid crystal molecules may produce irregular arrangements when the electric field is switched. By shielding these areas, the third sub-light-shielding portion BM23 can effectively block the light leaking from these non-effective light-transmitting areas, thereby making the light-control layer purer when displaying "black", greatly improving the native contrast of the light-control liquid crystal box 40. When a screen displays an image with alternating bright and dark areas, light from bright areas may "spill over" into adjacent dark areas, creating a halo effect. The third sub-light shielding portion BM23 in this embodiment physically isolates adjacent light-control pixel columns. Therefore, when one light-control pixel column is illuminated and its adjacent column is deactivated, the shielding portion effectively prevents light from the bright column from leaking into the dark column, thereby reducing crosstalk between columns. This helps more precisely control the boundaries between bright and dark areas, significantly reducing haloing and resulting in clearer and sharper transitions between bright and dark areas. Furthermore, the presence of the third sub-light shielding portion BM23 ensures that light only passes through the intended pixel opening areas, thereby improving the uniformity of the brightness output across the entire light-control liquid crystal cell 40. This results in a purer display image, free of stray light interference. Furthermore, the third sub-light shielding portion BM23, typically made of an opaque material, not only performs an optical function but also protects sensitive components within the light-control liquid crystal cell 40, such as the drive wiring and thin-film transistors, from interference from stray light.

[0093] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides a display device, Figure 21 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display device 200 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, please refer to FIG2 Figure 21 , the display device 200 includes the display panel 100 of any of the above-mentioned embodiments. The display device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be any electronic device with a display function, such as a touch screen display, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an e-book, or a television. Of course, the display device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be a car-mounted liquid crystal display. The display device 200 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has the beneficial effects of the display panel provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For details, please refer to the specific description of the display panel in the above-mentioned embodiments, and this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0094] It is understandable that Figure 21Only a rectangular structure is used as an example to illustrate one shape of the display device 200. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device 200 may also be circular, elliptical or any other feasible shape, and the present disclosure does not specifically limit this.

[0095] In summary, the technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0096] In the display module and display device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, when at least one of the display liquid crystal box and the light-control liquid crystal box is in a normally white mode, for the liquid crystal box in the normally white mode, when there is no voltage, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged parallel to the substrate and are not twisted, and light can pass directly through, presenting a bright state, which is beneficial to improving the overall transmittance. A voltage needs to be applied to display a dark state. When the normally white mode displays a mostly white or high-brightness image, since the pixels are in a naturally light-transmitting state, the electric field driving the liquid crystal can be reduced, thereby improving the overall light utilization rate and reducing power consumption to a certain extent. Moreover, display can be achieved without a high-power backlight module, which is beneficial to reducing costs and improving the heating problem caused by the introduction of a high-power backlight module. In addition, the first pixel opening in the display liquid crystal box and the second pixel opening in the light-control liquid crystal box have the same width and overlap in the vertical direction. By independently controlling the transmittance of each second pixel opening in the light-control liquid crystal box, more precise control of the backlight can be achieved. When one of the two first pixel openings adjacent to each other along the second direction in the display liquid crystal box needs to display a bright state and the other needs to display a black state, precise light control of the two first pixel openings can be achieved by respectively controlling the transmittance of the second pixel openings corresponding to the two first pixel openings, thereby avoiding the problem of light leakage to the second pixel opening that needs to display a black state. Therefore, the first pixel opening and the second pixel opening are set with the same width, which is conducive to more precise control of light, reducing unnecessary light leakage, and improving the contrast of the display module.

[0097] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0098] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present disclosure, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather to be construed in the broadest manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: It includes a backlight module and a light-controlling liquid crystal box and a display liquid crystal box arranged on the light-emitting side of the backlight module, wherein the light-controlling liquid crystal box is located between the display liquid crystal box and the backlight module; the light-controlling liquid crystal box is at least configured to control the area and light intensity of the light emitted by the backlight module transmitted to the display liquid crystal box; at least one of the display liquid crystal box and the light-controlling liquid crystal box is in a normally white mode.

2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The display liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of first pixel rows arranged along a first direction, the first pixel rows including a plurality of first sub-pixels arranged along a second direction, the first sub-pixels including a first pixel opening; the light control liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of second pixel rows arranged along the first direction, the second pixel rows including a plurality of second sub-pixels arranged along the second direction, the second sub-pixels including a second pixel opening, and the first direction and the second direction intersect; Along the second direction, the width of the first pixel opening is the same as the width of the second pixel opening; along the direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the display module, the first pixel opening and the second pixel opening overlap.

3. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The display module includes a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a third polarizer, the first polarizer is located on the side of the display liquid crystal box away from the light-control liquid crystal box, the second polarizer is located between the display liquid crystal box and the light-control liquid crystal box, and the third polarizer is located on the side of the light-control liquid crystal box away from the display liquid crystal box, wherein the polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are the same, and the polarization directions of the first polarizer and the third polarizer are perpendicular.

4. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are 0 degrees, and the polarization direction of the third polarizer is 90 degrees; or the polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are 90 degrees, and the polarization direction of the third polarizer is 0 degrees.

5. The display module according to claim 3, wherein: The optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell is greater than the optical path difference of the light-controlling liquid crystal cell.

6. The display module according to claim 5, wherein: The optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell is Δnd1, and the optical path difference of the light-control liquid crystal cell is Δnd2, wherein 320 nm ≤ Δnd1 ≤ 450 nm, and 280 nm ≤ Δnd2 ≤ 380 nm.

7. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The display module includes a first polarizer, a second polarizer and a third polarizer, the first polarizer is located on the side of the display liquid crystal box away from the light-control liquid crystal box, the second polarizer is located between the display liquid crystal box and the light-control liquid crystal box, and the third polarizer is located on the side of the light-control liquid crystal box away from the display liquid crystal box, wherein the polarization directions of the first polarizer, the second polarizer and the third polarizer are the same.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: The optical path difference of the display liquid crystal cell is Δnd1, and the optical path difference of the light-control liquid crystal cell is Δnd2, wherein 320 nm ≤ Δnd1 ≤ 450 nm, and 320 nm ≤ Δnd2 ≤ 450 nm.

9. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: Along a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the display module, one second pixel opening overlaps with n first pixel openings arranged along the first direction, where 1≤n≤4.

10. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The light-control liquid crystal box includes a plurality of first data lines arranged along the second direction and extending along the first direction; the light-control liquid crystal box includes a plurality of second pixel columns arranged along the second direction, and the second pixel columns include a plurality of second sub-pixels arranged along the first direction; The second sub-pixels in the same second pixel column are connected to the same first data line and correspond to the first sub-pixels of the same color; the second sub-pixels in different second pixel columns are connected to different first data lines.

11. The display module according to claim 10, wherein: The display module includes a binding area and a plurality of conductive pads arranged in the binding area; in different second pixel columns corresponding to the first sub-pixels of the same color, the first data lines are respectively connected to different conductive pads.

12. The display module according to claim 10, wherein: The display module includes a binding area and a plurality of conductive pads arranged in the binding area; The light-control liquid crystal box includes a plurality of pixel column groups arranged along the second direction, each pixel column group includes at least two second pixel columns, and different second pixel columns in the same pixel column group correspond to first pixel openings of different light-emitting colors; In N pixel column groups, in N second pixel columns corresponding to the first pixel openings of the same light emitting color, N first data lines are connected to the same conductive pad, where N is an integer and is greater than or equal to 2.

13. The display module according to claim 12, wherein: N≤8。 14. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The light-control liquid crystal cell comprises a plurality of first scanning lines arranged along the first direction and extending along the second direction; The second sub-pixels located in the same second pixel row are connected to the same first scan line, and the second sub-pixels located in different second pixel rows are connected to different first scan lines; Different first scan lines are connected to different scan signal terminals, or the same scan signal terminal is connected to M first scan lines, where M is greater than or equal to 2 and is an integer.

15. The display module according to claim 14, wherein: When the same scanning signal terminal is connected to M first scanning lines, M≤4.

16. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The first sub-pixel includes a first pixel electrode, the second sub-pixel includes a second pixel electrode, the first pixel electrode has a dual-domain structure, and the second pixel electrode has a single-domain structure.

17. The display module according to claim 16, wherein: The first pixel electrode includes at least two first electrode strips, the first electrode strips include a first domain portion and a second domain portion connected to each other, a first bending portion connected to the first domain portion, and a second bending portion connected to the second domain portion, the first bending portion is located on a side of the first domain portion away from the second domain portion, and the second bending portion is located on a side of the second domain portion away from the first domain portion.

18. The display module according to claim 17, wherein: The display liquid crystal cell includes a first light shielding portion, the first light shielding portion includes a plurality of first sub-light shielding portions and a second sub-light shielding portion, the first sub-light shielding portion is arranged corresponding to the first pixel opening and surrounds the first pixel opening; Along a direction perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the display module, the second sub-light shielding portion overlaps with the area between the first domain portion and the second domain portion, and an extension direction of the second sub-light shielding portion is the same as an arrangement direction of the first sub-pixels of different colors.

19. The display module according to claim 16, wherein: In the light-control liquid crystal cell, along a direction perpendicular to the light-emitting surface of the display module, one second pixel electrode overlaps with one second pixel opening.

20. The display module according to claim 19, wherein: The light-control liquid crystal cell includes a plurality of second pixel columns arranged along the second direction; The light-control liquid crystal cell includes a second light-shielding portion, the second light-shielding portion includes a plurality of third sub-light-shielding portions, and the third sub-light-shielding portions are located between adjacent second pixel columns.

21. A display device, characterized in that: A display module comprising any one of claims 1-20.

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