Simulation analysis method for directional angle of W-band antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic simulation, in particular to a W-band antenna pointing angle simulation analysis method, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the size of a W-band antenna and the form of a radiation unit, extracting main lobe curvature and feed matching characteristics, identifying a main lobe edge interference path, and adjusting a reflection phase to form a dynamic reflectivity boundary. Dividing tetrahedron and hexahedron grids to evaluate polarization consistency, optimizing a field intensity relationship between a main lobe and a side lobe, screening an angle interval, and obtaining a directional angle correction parameter. According to the invention, the specific size and form of the antenna are acquired, the curvature distribution of the main lobe coverage area and the matching relation with the feed structure are deeply analyzed, and the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe path and the side lobe path is monitored, so that the pointing precision and the coverage efficiency of the antenna are effectively improved; according to the antenna design, the performance is ensured, the specific area can be optimized, and the predictability and the stability of the antenna performance are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic simulation technology, and in particular to a simulation analysis method for the pointing angle of a W-band antenna. Background Art

[0002] The field of electromagnetic simulation involves applying computational methods to simulate and analyze the behavior and effects of electromagnetic fields and waves in various environments. Core content within this area ranges from fundamental electromagnetic field theory to complex system-level simulations, including antenna design, electromagnetic compatibility testing, radar system simulation, and radio propagation analysis. Electromagnetic simulation allows designers to evaluate and optimize the performance of electromagnetic devices, such as antenna directivity, frequency response, and radiation patterns, before actual manufacturing and deployment.

[0003] The simulation analysis method for W-band antenna pointing angles uses specific numerical methods to simulate and analyze the performance of antennas at specific pointing angles at W-band frequencies. This technical topic focuses on determining the optimal antenna pointing angle by calculating the electromagnetic field distribution and the antenna's radiation pattern. The method involves setting initial parameters, such as the antenna design geometry and operating frequency, and optimizing the antenna's orientation through an iterative process to achieve the desired performance indicators, such as gain and beamwidth.

[0004] Existing electromagnetic simulation technologies focus on basic electromagnetic field theory and simple system-level simulations. However, they exhibit limitations when dealing with complex electromagnetic environments and high-frequency applications. Traditional methods cannot accurately simulate the directivity and frequency response of high-frequency W-band antennas, matching the complex electromagnetic interference and multipath effects found in real-world applications. This deficiency leads to inaccurate performance predictions in actual deployments, impacting the antenna's practical effectiveness, such as uneven signal coverage or excessive interference. Traditional electromagnetic simulation technologies require further technological development and innovation to address more advanced system-level integration and real-world application simulations, meeting the demands of modern electromagnetic applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the limitations of existing technologies in dealing with complex electromagnetic environments and high-frequency applications, traditional methods cannot accurately simulate the complex electromagnetic interference and multipath effects in actual application scenarios when dealing with the directivity and frequency response of high-frequency W-band antennas. This deficiency leads to inaccurate performance predictions in actual deployments, affecting the actual application effects of the antenna, such as uneven signal coverage or excessive interference. The present invention provides a simulation analysis method for the pointing angle of W-band antennas. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, a simulation analysis method for the pointing angle of a W-band antenna is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] S1: Obtain the geometric dimensions and radiating element morphology of the W-band antenna, extract the curvature distribution of the main lobe coverage area and the matching characteristics of the feed structure, establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic field calculation domain including the metal substrate and dielectric loading layer, evaluate the influence of structural components on the electromagnetic wave reflection phase, and obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics;

[0008] S2: calling the electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, identifying the reflected wave interference path at the interface between the edge of the main lobe coverage area and the reflecting surface, monitoring the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe propagation path and the side lobe reflection path, and obtaining a dynamic reflectivity boundary;

[0009] S3: Based on the phase jump range of the dynamic reflectivity boundary, the feeding structure and the support frame area are set as a hexahedral grid, the consistency of the electric field polarization direction within the grid unit is evaluated, the local grid is refined in the deviation area, and a grid division benchmark is generated;

[0010] S4: Call the cell density distribution of the grid division benchmark, analyze the propagation delay relationship between the ground reflection path and the metal structure scattering path, select paths with similar delays as interference coupling items, evaluate the crosstalk phase relationship between the feeding port and the adjacent cells, and obtain the multi-source coupling path feature set.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics include field intensity gradient, electric field standing wave ratio, and reflection phase response; the dynamic reflectivity boundary includes phase adjustment range, interference wave intensity difference, and polarization direction deviation; the grid division benchmark includes tetrahedral unit distribution density, hexahedral unit topological relationship, and local encrypted area boundary; the multi-source coupling path feature set includes coupling phase offset, path delay difference, and crosstalk intensity threshold.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of acquiring the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics is specifically as follows:

[0013] S101: Obtain the geometric dimensions and radiating element shape of the W-band antenna, extract the contour boundary parameters and element boundary line length corresponding to the structural surface coordinate points, combine the thickness change of the element edge structure and the boundary curvature change trend, identify the surface geometric curvature distribution at the edge of the radiating element, and generate the boundary curvature distribution;

[0014] S102: Obtaining the surface space coordinate difference distribution of the differentiated radial region based on the relationship between the boundary curvature distribution and the position of the feeding point of the central section of the radiating unit, extracting the spacing data between the distribution points of the feeding structure and the peak position of the boundary curvature, and comparing the overlap coefficient of the feeding point position with the local curvature extreme area to obtain the feeding structure matching result;

[0015] S103: Based on the matching result of the feeding structure and the three-dimensional boundary size value of the structure, a three-dimensional space calculation grid is constructed, the electromagnetic wavelength range corresponding to the band frequency is called as the boundary restriction condition, the angle range between the reflection direction vector of the dielectric interface and the metal interface and the incident angle is set, and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are obtained in combination with the change range of the wave propagation path length.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the dynamic reflectivity boundary is specifically as follows:

[0017] S201: Recalling the electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, obtaining a coordinate sequence of the reflected wave propagation trajectory in the edge direction of the main lobe coverage area, identifying a set of spatial contact points at the interface between the main lobe edge and the reflecting surface, detecting the distribution of the intersection angle formed by the reflected wave trajectory and the intersection point, and generating the interference path intersection distribution;

[0018] S202: Based on the distribution of the intersection of the interference path and the positional relationship between the reflection direction change section in the main lobe path, the reflection intensity and the propagation direction offset amplitude of the reflection point of the path segment are extracted, the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe propagation path and the corresponding side lobe path is calculated, and the offset distribution between the reflection phase of the interference area and the initial offset angle is adjusted in the reflection intensity difference interval to obtain a dynamic reflectivity boundary.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula for calculating the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe propagation path and the corresponding side lobe path is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, ΔI represents the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe and side lobe paths, AI k Represents the reflection intensity of the kth reflection point in the main lobe propagation path, BI k represents the reflection intensity of the kth reflection point of the corresponding sidelobe path, N represents the total number of reflection points in the path segment, λ represents the dynamic phase adjustment factor, α k represents the initial offset angle mean of the kth reflection point on the main lobe path, β k represents the mean value of the propagation direction deviation amplitude of the kth reflection point in the sidelobe path, L p represents the main lobe propagation path length, and γ represents the path segment direction offset correction coefficient.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, the steps for obtaining the grid division benchmark are specifically as follows:

[0023] S301: extracting the multi-directional reflectivity change boundary of the main lobe coverage area based on the spatial distribution gradient corresponding to the phase jump range in the dynamic reflectivity boundary, dividing the main lobe coverage area into a plurality of phase continuous regions according to the reflectivity gradient continuity characteristics, and obtaining the main lobe region grid structure value based on the reflectivity directional change trend of the multiple regions and the boundary spatial morphology;

[0024] S302: Extracting the spatial position index of the feed structure and the support frame region based on the grid density distribution and structural boundary information in the grid structure value of the main lobe region, identifying the structural dimension and boundary direction distribution characteristics in the region, and defining the grid subdivision direction to obtain a hexahedral grid set;

[0025] S303: Calling the boundary intersection information of the tetrahedral unit in the hexahedral grid set and the main lobe area grid structure value, calculating the angle between the electric field vector direction in the grid unit and the regional main direction vector, analyzing the deviation trend under multi-directional distribution, and obtaining the electric field polarization consistency evaluation result;

[0026] S304: According to the grid unit identifier whose deviation degree exceeds the set judgment interval in the electric field polarization consistency evaluation result, extract the three-dimensional coordinate index value, perform local grid encryption processing along the three-axis directions around the deviation point as the center, and generate a grid division benchmark.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula for the distribution characteristics of the structural dimension and boundary direction within the identification area is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Among them, Q i Represents the quantization weight coefficient in the direction of the i-th structural dimension, Aγ i represents the modulus of the i-th boundary direction vector, ρ represents the standard deviation of the grid density distribution in the main lobe area, η represents the area ratio of the support frame area, and δ i represents the actual length measurement value of the i-th structural dimension, θ represents the structural dimension reference length, G o represents the dispersion correction coefficient of the oth boundary direction distribution, n represents the total number of structural dimension directions, and o represents the boundary direction distribution sequence index.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the multi-source coupling path feature set is specifically as follows:

[0031] S401: Calling the cell density distribution in the grid division benchmark, extracting the grid area index corresponding to the ground reflection path and the metal structure scattering path, obtaining the spatial span and boundary intersection position of the electromagnetic wave propagating between the differentiated grid cells in the path, combining the grid density change trend between the cells and the electric field direction change rate, calculating the time interval required for the overall propagation of the path, and obtaining the path propagation delay interval;

[0032] S402: Calculate the propagation delay differences between the path pairs based on the time intervals between the propagation paths in the path propagation delay interval, select path combinations whose time differences are within the offset range, and use the propagation direction angle distribution trend and the number of path boundary reflections as auxiliary conditions to jointly determine the interference coupling path set;

[0033] S403: Calling the path set determined by the interference coupling path set, locating the feeding port and adjacent grid unit area involved in the path, extracting the time series values of the electric field phase and the magnetic field vector direction in the corresponding unit, evaluating the relationship between the phase offset rate and the time difference change, and obtaining the multi-source coupling path feature set.

[0034] As a further solution of the present invention, the method further includes step S5:

[0035] S5: using the phase relationship of the multi-source coupling path feature set, identifying the field strength superposition information of the main lobe propagation path and the interference path within the azimuth range, comparing the main lobe gain change and the side lobe level change at adjacent angles, screening the angle interval that meets the set conditions, optimizing the field strength change for the interval angle, and obtaining the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter;

[0036] The W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameters include the main lobe azimuth angle optimization interval, the side lobe suppression angle range, and the field strength difference judgment threshold.

[0037] As a further solution of the present invention, the step of obtaining the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter is specifically as follows:

[0038] S501: Utilizing the phase relationship in the multi-source coupling path feature set, extracting the electric field superposition direction corresponding to the main lobe propagation path and the interference path within the azimuth scanning range, and obtaining the superposition field intensity offset by referring to the angle distribution between the path field intensity phase offset and the propagation direction under differentiated azimuth angles;

[0039] S502: extracting the main lobe gain variation amplitude and the side lobe level fluctuation interval in adjacent azimuth segments based on the superimposed field intensity offset and azimuth direction variation curve, comparing the gain variation trend and the variation amplitude, and generating an angle interval screening sequence;

[0040] S503: Call the field intensity change value of the angle interval segment in the angle interval screening sequence, construct a field intensity change trend curve under the angle interval, obtain the angle position of the extreme point in the curve, and combine the field intensity fluctuation amplitude before and after the extreme point to obtain the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter.

[0041] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0042] By obtaining the specific dimensions and shape of the antenna and conducting in-depth analysis of the curvature distribution of the mainlobe coverage area and its matching relationship with the feed structure, we can achieve a precise grasp of the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics. By monitoring the difference in reflection intensity between the mainlobe and sidelobe paths and dynamically adjusting the reflection phase in the interference area, we can effectively improve the antenna's pointing accuracy and coverage efficiency. By dividing the antenna into fine tetrahedral and hexahedral grids and evaluating the consistency of the electric field polarization direction, the antenna design can be optimized for specific areas while ensuring performance. In the multi-source coupling path analysis, the interaction between ground reflection and structural scattering is more accurately processed, enhancing overall electromagnetic compatibility. This meticulous analysis and adjustment significantly improves the predictability and stability of antenna performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as an "exemplary" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner. Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, "and / or" can mean both or either of the two.

[0046] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] See also Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a simulation analysis method for the W-band antenna pointing angle. The processing flow of the method may include the following steps:

[0048] S1: Obtain the geometric dimensions and radiating element morphology of the W-band antenna, extract the curvature distribution of the main lobe coverage area and the matching characteristics of the feed structure, establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic field calculation domain including the metal substrate and dielectric loading layer, define the boundary conditions of the radiation area based on the band frequency characteristics, evaluate the influence of structural components on the electromagnetic wave reflection phase, and obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics;

[0049] S2: Calling the electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, identifying the reflected wave interference path at the interface between the edge of the main lobe coverage area and the reflecting surface, monitoring the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe propagation path and the side lobe reflection path, adjusting the reflection phase in the interference area, and obtaining the dynamic reflectivity boundary;

[0050] S3: Based on the phase jump range of the dynamic reflectivity boundary, the main lobe coverage area is divided into a tetrahedral grid, and the feed structure and support frame area is set as a hexahedral grid. The consistency of the electric field polarization direction within the grid unit is evaluated, and the local grid is refined in the deviation area to generate the grid division benchmark;

[0051] S4: Call the cell density distribution of the grid division benchmark, analyze the propagation delay relationship between the ground reflection path and the metal structure scattering path, select paths with similar delays as interference coupling terms, evaluate the crosstalk phase relationship between the feed port and adjacent cells, and obtain the multi-source coupling path feature set;

[0052] S5: Utilize the phase relationship of the multi-source coupling path feature set to identify the field strength superposition information of the main lobe propagation path and the interference path within the azimuth range, compare the main lobe gain changes and sidelobe level changes at adjacent angles, select the angle interval that meets the set conditions, optimize the field strength change of the interval angle, and obtain the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameters;

[0053] The electromagnetic field distribution characteristics include field intensity gradient, electric field standing wave ratio, and reflection phase response. The dynamic reflectivity boundary includes phase adjustment range, interference wave intensity difference, and polarization direction deviation. The grid division basis includes tetrahedral unit distribution density, hexahedral unit topological relationship, and local encryption area boundary. The multi-source coupling path feature set includes coupling phase offset, path delay difference, and crosstalk intensity threshold. The W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameters include main lobe azimuth angle optimization interval, side lobe suppression angle range, and field strength difference judgment threshold.

[0054] The specific steps for obtaining the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are as follows:

[0055] S101: Obtain the geometric dimensions and radiating element shape of the W-band antenna, extract the contour boundary parameters and element boundary line length corresponding to the structural surface coordinate points, combine the thickness change of the element edge structure and the boundary curvature change trend, identify the surface geometric curvature distribution at the edge of the radiating element, and generate the boundary curvature distribution;

[0056] The geometric dimensions of the W-band antenna can be obtained by reverse modeling the complete antenna structure through 3D modeling software, and the parameters such as array aperture diameter, unit arrangement radius, and structure thickness can be derived from the model. When building the model, it is necessary to calibrate the position of each radiation unit on the surface of the structure, use the surface mesh tool to divide the outer surface of the structure into several equally spaced nodes, and extract its boundary data according to the unit contour line. The coordinates of the discrete points on the edge of each unit are read one by one, and sequential connections are established to generate actual boundary segments. The boundary is then divided into several directional segments, and the geometric features of each segment are analyzed one by one. Combined with the antenna aperture set in the engineering case is 320mm, the radiation unit array is arranged as 32×32 units, and each unit The center spacing is about 10 mm. Each unit boundary can be located in sequence in the model. According to the angle change of the connection between discrete points, the angle range of the boundary continuity and the mutation point can be identified. The boundary shape is judged by the connection direction between the points, and then the corresponding structure thickness data is extracted according to the unit edge. The thickness data comes from the vertical direction model measurement of the structure. It can be exported using the built-in function of the 3D modeling software. The thickness of the edge points on the boundary is arranged in sequence, and the thickness changes of adjacent points are compared to identify the local thickness change trend. Then, it is compared with the contour boundary direction of each point position, and the thickness change trend is spatially mapped. The changes in different directions are classified and statistically analyzed to obtain the geometric curvature distribution at the edge of the radiation unit and generate the boundary curvature distribution.

[0057] S102: Based on the relationship between the boundary curvature distribution and the position of the feeding point in the central section of the radiating unit, the surface space coordinate difference distribution of the differentiated radial area is obtained, the distance data between the distribution points of the feeding structure and the peak position of the boundary curvature is extracted, and the overlap coefficient of the feeding point position and the local curvature extreme area is compared to obtain the feeding structure matching result;

[0058] In order to compare the matching relationship between the feeding point and the boundary curvature distribution, the feeding point position of the central segment of each radiating unit is extracted, and then this point is used as a reference point to measure its spatial relative position with the boundary area. In actual engineering examples, the feeding structure is mostly arranged at the center of the unit, and the boundary contour is a closed or approximately closed line. Its 360-degree angular direction can be discretely sampled, and a direction is divided every 5 degrees, resulting in 72 directions. In each direction, the boundary point closest to the center point in that direction is selected, and the boundary curvature value corresponding to the point is recorded. The proportion of the high curvature part in the boundary points is analyzed to determine whether it is concentrated in certain direction areas and set in the range of 180° to 240°. Large curvature boundary points appear concentratedly within the area, and at the same time, it is judged whether the area coincides with the direction pointed by the feeding point. If the direction difference is less than 15°, it is considered that the two are correlated in spatial angle. The spatial distance between the feeding point and the extreme point of curvature is compared. In the millimeter-level unit structure, it is generally considered that less than 1.5mm constitutes spatial proximity. The number of matching points that meet the proximity and direction consistency is summarized and then divided by the total number of directions to obtain the overall matching degree. When constructing the actual judgment model, the above two conditions must be met at the same time, that is, the spatial distance is small and the direction angle is small, so that the position of the feeding structure is considered to be correlated with the boundary structure, and based on this, the rationality of its spatial distribution is judged to obtain the feeding structure matching result.

[0059] S103: Based on the matching results of the feed structure and the three-dimensional boundary size of the structure, a three-dimensional space computational grid is constructed. The electromagnetic wavelength range corresponding to the band frequency is used as a boundary constraint condition. The angle range between the reflection direction vector of the dielectric interface and the metal interface and the incident angle is set. Combined with the change range of the wave propagation path length, the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are obtained.

[0060] It is necessary to establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation grid model, divide the overall structure into regions, define the metal region, dielectric region and free space region respectively, and perform spatial discretization. During the model construction process, the simulation boundary volume needs to be set according to the actual structural shape and a buffer space needs to be added. When the overall size of the antenna is set to 400mm×400mm×150mm, it is recommended to set the model boundary to 450mm×450mm×200mm. Through the grid division module in the simulation software, the volume grid is divided with a spacing less than 1 / 10 of the wavelength. The commonly used grid size is between 0.2mm and 0.5mm, and the area close to the metal or dielectric boundary is locally encrypted to ensure that the boundary effects such as reflection and transmission are accurately expressed. In the simulation setting, the angle range between the incident direction of the wave source and the normal of the reflecting surface is defined. In practical applications, the angle is set between 30 and 75 degrees as the main analysis range. When it exceeds this range, non-physical reflection interference is likely to occur. In the reflection direction vector analysis, the angle analysis is constructed by the antenna surface grid normal and the wave source incident vector direction, the reflection direction characteristics of the boundary points are identified, and their changing trends are recorded. The changes in the structural path propagation length are statistically analyzed, and the propagation path length ratio from the structure surface to the receiving point is normalized to form the electric field distribution characteristics. The electric field values of the reflection points in each direction in the simulation are normalized, and the equal-amplitude reflection distribution diagrams in each direction are drawn to identify the distribution state of electromagnetic energy inside the structure. The results of multiple schemes are compared to determine whether the field strength value is concentrated or directional offset occurs, so as to support further analysis of the rationality of the structural design and obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics.

[0061] The steps for obtaining the dynamic reflectivity boundary are as follows:

[0062] S201: Calling the electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, obtaining the coordinate sequence of the reflected wave propagation trajectory in the edge direction of the main lobe coverage area, identifying the set of spatial contact points at the interface between the main lobe edge and the reflecting surface, detecting the intersection angle direction distribution formed by the tangent point of the reflected wave trajectory and the interface, and generating the interference path intersection distribution;

[0063] The electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics can be obtained through the vector field data output from the electromagnetic simulation model. The simulation software will record the electric field direction and magnetic field direction at each grid node to determine the propagation direction and polarization characteristics of the wave. Within the main lobe coverage area, the edge area in the structure's emission direction is spatially scanned, divided every 2° angle, and the electromagnetic field energy distribution in each direction is obtained one by one, and the starting point of the reflected wave in each direction is identified. By tracking the power flow direction of the simulation output, the power drop node position is retrieved layer by layer along the propagation direction, which is the reflected propagation path. When identifying the reflected propagation path, it is necessary to construct a continuous propagation path based on the power vector direction in the simulation field diagram. Trajectory point sequence, the node set close to the structure boundary in each path is identified. If the propagation direction of two adjacent points changes by more than 10°, it is determined that spatial contact occurs with the interface of the reflecting surface. Among the contact points, the tangent point position is further extracted. By observing the contact trend between the path point and the boundary surface, the angle between the tangent direction and the normal of the boundary surface is determined. The contact points are classified according to the direction angle, and the contact frequency in each direction is counted to form a direction-frequency comparison table to identify in which directions the reflected wave forms a high-density intersection state with the structure boundary. The interference path distribution map of the main lobe edge area is constructed, and the intersection density distribution in each direction is marked in the map to establish the overall distribution of the interference path intersection.

[0064] S202: Based on the distribution of the interference path boundary and the positional relationship between the reflection direction change section in the main lobe path, the reflection intensity and propagation direction offset amplitude of the reflection point of the path segment are extracted, the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe propagation path and the corresponding side lobe path is calculated, and the offset distribution between the reflection phase of the interference area and the initial offset angle is adjusted within the reflection intensity difference range to obtain the dynamic reflectivity boundary;

[0065] The formula for calculating the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe propagation path and the corresponding side lobe path is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, ΔI represents the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe and side lobe paths, AI k Represents the reflection intensity of the kth reflection point in the main lobe propagation path, BI k represents the reflection intensity of the kth reflection point of the corresponding sidelobe path, N represents the total number of reflection points in the path segment, λ represents the dynamic phase adjustment factor, α k represents the initial offset angle mean of the kth reflection point on the main lobe path, β k represents the mean value of the propagation direction deviation amplitude of the kth reflection point in the sidelobe path, L p represents the main lobe propagation path length, and γ represents the path segment direction offset correction coefficient;

[0068] Parameter meaning and formula calculation derivation process:

[0069] AI k with BI k The reflection intensity values of the kth reflection point on the main lobe and side lobe paths are directly collected by millimeter-wave radar or sonar. In the measured data, the main lobe reflection intensity AI1 = 8.3 (unit: dB), the side lobe reflection intensity BI1 = 5.7, and the remaining reflection points k = 2, 3, and N data are assigned in sequence according to actual measurements, N = 10;

[0070] Basis: The reflection intensity is based on the logarithmic processing of the electromagnetic wave echo signal amplitude, with a dynamic range of 0-10dB, which meets the radar echo standard;

[0071] Dynamic phase adjustment factor:

[0072] λ = 0.5, extracted from experimental calibration data, and the sensitivity coefficient of the phase difference between the main lobe and side lobe paths changing with environmental disturbances measured by phase interferometer;

[0073] Basis: In the experimental data, the standard deviation of the phase difference fluctuation is 0.8, and λ is taken as the square root of the reciprocal of the standard deviation, that is,

[0074] Initial offset angle mean:

[0075] α k The average of 10 measurements of the initial offset angle of the kth reflection point on the main lobe path, α1 = 0.2 (radians), is obtained by converting the angle sequence of 2.1°, 1.9°, and 2.0° collected by the laser goniometer into radians and calculating the average value;

[0076] Mean propagation direction deviation amplitude:

[0077] β k is the mean absolute value of the angular difference between the propagation direction of the kth reflection point in the sidelobe path and the mainlobe path, β1 = 0.3 (radians), and the mean is calculated from the angle difference sequence 0.28, 0.31, 0.29;

[0078] Main lobe propagation path length:

[0079] L p =85 meters, obtained by Doppler frequency shift ranging method, with an error range of ±0.5 meters, which meets the sonar ranging specifications;

[0080] Direction deviation correction factor:

[0081] γ=3.2, set according to the statistical variance of the path segment direction offset, γ=2.5σ 2 , where σ 2 =1.28 is the offset variance;

[0082] Formula calculation derivation and examples:

[0083] Single reflection point difference term:

[0084] |AI1-BI1|=|8.3-5.7|=2.6;

[0085] Calculation of square root:

[0086]

[0087] Contribution value of a single reflection point:

[0088] 2.6·0.435=1.131;

[0089] Sum calculation:

[0090] The item sets the average contribution of the remaining reflection points to 1.0, and the total is:

[0091] 1.131+9·1.0=10.131;

[0092] Denominator calculation:

[0093]

[0094] Denominator as a whole:

[0095] L p ·1.32=85·1.32=112.2;

[0096] Substitute into the formula for calculation:

[0097]

[0098] After unit normalization, it is ΔI = 1.72 (normalization scale factor is 19.05);

[0099] The results show that the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe and side lobe paths is small, and the dynamic reflectivity boundary needs to be further optimized by adjusting the phase offset distribution in the interference area. ΔI = 1.72 is the normalized difference parameter, which is directly related to the quantitative evaluation of the reflection intensity difference in the step. Subsequently, ΔI is compared with the preset threshold to drive the dynamic adjustment of the phase offset.

[0100] The specific steps for obtaining the grid division benchmark are:

[0101] S301: Based on the spatial distribution gradient corresponding to the phase jump range in the dynamic reflectivity boundary, the multi-directional reflectivity change boundary of the main lobe coverage area is extracted. The main lobe coverage area is divided into several phase-continuous regions according to the continuity characteristics of the reflectivity gradient. The grid structure value of the main lobe region is obtained based on the directional change trend of the reflectivity of the multiple regions and the spatial morphology of the boundary.

[0102] According to the spatial distribution gradient reflected by the phase jump range, the trend of change in different directions can be extracted. The phase distribution diagram output by simulation can be used for angle division, and the main lobe coverage area can be evenly divided into several areas in the 360-degree direction. If a unit is divided every 10 degrees, there are a total of 36 directional channels. Continuous path points are selected in each direction, the reflectivity data on the path is read, and the adjacent point pairs with larger changes are identified, that is, the point group with reflectivity changes exceeding the set range is judged to form a phase jump boundary. In engineering applications, if the reflectivity change of adjacent points is greater than 15%, it can be considered that there is an obvious reflectivity gradient. In the directional channel, record them separately. The spatial position of the boundary points and the degree of phase jump are used to construct the spatial phase distribution map inside the main lobe area, and further classification is performed according to whether the gradient changes between the points are continuous. The continuity of the directional changes of adjacent boundary points is analyzed. If the change direction is consistent within 10 degrees, it is regarded as the same gradient trend area, thereby dividing the main lobe area into several phase continuous areas. In the divided areas, the directionality of the reflectivity direction change is combined to extract the boundary space morphological characteristics, such as the arrangement direction of the boundary points and whether the distribution boundary presents a regular direction. Combined with the reflectivity change and boundary shape of the above continuous areas, the grid structure value of the main lobe area is obtained.

[0103] S302: Extracting the spatial position index of the feed structure and the support frame region based on the grid density distribution and structural boundary information in the grid structure value of the main lobe region, identifying the structural dimension and boundary direction distribution characteristics within the region, and defining the grid subdivision direction to obtain a hexahedral grid set;

[0104] The formula for identifying the distribution characteristics of structural dimensions and boundary directions within a region is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Among them, Q i Represents the quantization weight coefficient in the direction of the i-th structural dimension, Aγ i represents the modulus of the i-th boundary direction vector, ρ represents the standard deviation of the grid density distribution in the main lobe area, η represents the area ratio of the support frame area, and δ i represents the actual length measurement value of the i-th structural dimension, θ represents the structural dimension reference length, G o represents the dispersion correction coefficient of the oth boundary direction distribution, n represents the total number of structural dimension directions, and o represents the boundary direction distribution sequence index;

[0107] Parameter meaning and formula calculation derivation process:

[0108] The standard deviation ρ of the grid density distribution in the main lobe area is calculated using the grid density data, and the actual monitoring value is taken as 1.2;

[0109] The area ratio of the support frame region η is calculated by the ratio of the region area to the total area of the main lobe and is 0.1;

[0110] The structural dimension base reference length θ is set to 10.0 according to the design specifications;

[0111] Boundary direction distribution dispersion correction coefficient G o The boundary direction angle dispersion analysis calculated it to be 0.3;

[0112] The total number of structural dimension directions n is determined according to the regional division, n=3, and the actual length of the i-th structural dimension direction δ i The three-dimensional measuring instrument measured δ1 = 12.3, δ2 = 9.8, and δ3 = 10.5 respectively;

[0113] The modulus of the i-th boundary direction vector Aγ i Calculated as Aγ by projection in the boundary direction i =8.5, Aγ2=7.2, Aγ3=9.0;

[0114] Quantization weight coefficient Q of the i-th structural dimension direction i According to the structural dimension importance score quantification, the scoring standard is: high importance Q i =1.2, medium importance Q i =1.0, low importance Q i =0.8, where Q1=1.2, Q2=1.0, Q3=0.8;

[0115] Substitute the formula into the calculation process:

[0116] Calculate the denominator:

[0117]

[0118] Calculate the numerator γ of the i-th term i / 1.245:

[0119] When i=1: 8.5 / 1.245=6.827, the absolute value is 6.827;

[0120] When i=2: 7.2 / 1.245=5.783, the absolute value is 5.783;

[0121] When i=3: 9.0 / 1.245=7.229, the absolute value is 7.229;

[0122] Calculate the weight adjustment term Q i ·|γ i / 1.245|:

[0123] i=1:1.2×6.827=8.192;

[0124] i=2:1.0×5.783=5.783;

[0125] i=3:0.8×7.229=5.783;

[0126] Calculate the dimension deviation term |δ i -θ| / (1+G o ):

[0127] i=1:|12.3-10.0| / (1+0.3)=2.3 / 1.3=1.769;

[0128] i=2: |9.8-10.0| / 1.3=0.2 / 1.3=0.154;

[0129] i=3: |10.5-10.0| / 1.3=0.5 / 1.3=0.385;

[0130] Multiply and sum term by term:

[0131] i=1:8.192×1.769=14.514;

[0132] i=2: 5.783×0.154=0.891;

[0133] i=3: 5.783×0.385=2.226;

[0134] Substitute into the formula for calculation:

[0135] AH=14.514+0.891+2.226=17.631;

[0136] The results show that the subdivision direction trend parameter is 17.631, and its value reflects the comprehensive effect of the structural dimension direction weight, boundary vector modulus and density distribution. When AH>15, it is determined that the grid subdivision direction needs to be expanded along the high-weight dimension first, and the demarcation direction is matched with the design specification threshold, and the hexahedral grid set is output.

[0137] S303: Calling the hexahedral division result in the hexahedral grid set and the boundary intersection information of the tetrahedral unit in the main lobe area grid structure value, calculating the angle between the electric field vector direction in the grid unit and the regional main direction vector, analyzing the deviation trend under multi-directional distribution, and obtaining the electric field polarization consistency evaluation result;

[0138] Each grid cell contains six faces, and the face normal vector is determined by the boundary formed by the node coordinates. At the same time, the original grid structure in the main lobe area also contains some tetrahedral unit boundary information. In order to achieve consistency judgment, it is necessary to perform spatial docking analysis on the boundary intersection surfaces of two different types of grids to identify whether there is a problem of inconsistent direction of the connection surface. In each unit grid, read the electric field vector direction data in the simulation field result and compare it with the main direction vector defined in this area. The main direction vector is generally defined according to the main propagation direction of the main lobe in the simulation, such as the upward propagation direction along the Z axis. The direction of the electric field vector in the grid is compared with the main direction vector. Angle comparison is performed, and the distribution of angles is recorded. The angles are classified into four categories: 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 20 to 30 degrees, and greater than 30 degrees. The number of grids and the average deviation trend are counted in each category. The analysis results use the deviation interval as an index to determine whether there is a direction with a concentrated deviation trend in the multi-directional cross layout. If most of the deviations are concentrated at the edges of certain structural mutations, it means that there is a structural design inconsistency problem in that area. A deviation trend diagram of the electric field polarization direction of the entire main lobe area is established and used as the basis for polarization consistency evaluation to identify which grid areas have potential propagation direction instability problems and obtain the electric field polarization consistency evaluation results.

[0139] S304: Based on the grid cell identifiers whose deviation exceeds the set judgment interval in the electric field polarization consistency assessment results, extract the three-dimensional coordinate index values of the grid cells, perform local grid refinement along the three axes around the deviation points, and generate a grid division benchmark;

[0140] Cells with angle deviations greater than 30 degrees are identified as exceeding the set judgment interval. The coordinates of their three-dimensional center points are extracted from the cells and recorded as an outlier point set. Each outlier point is used as a central reference point, and local searches are performed in the X, Y, and Z directions to determine the layout structure and field direction of adjacent cells. A local sub-region is constructed around the point, generally set as a cube range centered on the point and extending by 1 to 2 grid cell lengths. The grid division density is increased in this region by reducing the cell volume, increasing the cell resolution, or inserting new auxiliary nodes. Encryption processing is performed in the deviation direction according to the set directional priority. If the deviation is concentrated in the Y direction, the cell spacing in the Y direction is reduced first, and the original division scale in the X and Z directions is maintained. After local encryption, the simulation module is called again to verify whether the polarization consistency has been improved, laying the foundation for subsequent global optimization, forming a multi-level grid division specification with spatial coordinates as indexes and local directions as dimensions, and generating a grid division benchmark.

[0141] The specific steps for obtaining the multi-source coupling path feature set are as follows:

[0142] S401: Calling the cell density distribution in the grid division benchmark, extracting the grid area index corresponding to the ground reflection path and the metal structure scattering path, obtaining the spatial span and boundary intersection position of the electromagnetic wave propagating between the differentiated grid cells in the path, combining the grid density change trend between cells and the electric field direction change rate, calculating the time interval required for the overall propagation of the path, and obtaining the path propagation delay interval;

[0143] When calling the cell density distribution data in the grid division benchmark, it is necessary to call the completed local encrypted area grid parameters, including the number, volume, spatial position, and connection boundary information of each cell with the adjacent cells. According to the antenna radiation direction set in the simulation scene, the ground reflection path and the scattering path generated by the metal structure are identified. The path can be exported through the power tracking module during the simulation process. Each path contains the starting point, end point, path boundary, reflection point and path direction. After the path is numbered, it is projected into the grid structure and indexed by the cell number traversed by the path to obtain the coordinate index set of the corresponding grid area. On this basis, the different paths that each path travels through in the grid are further recorded. The density unit type is used, and the three-dimensional position of each intersection boundary point is recorded. The path propagation characteristics between differentiated density units vary due to refraction and scattering between grid boundaries. The electric field direction change trends of each path segment can be compared. If the rate of change of the electric field direction in adjacent units exceeds the set threshold, it is identified as a high-variability area. Combined with the time parameters of the path start and end, the propagation time of each segment is accumulated according to the path segment sequence to obtain the propagation time interval of the entire path. In a practical example, if the path consists of 9 grids, the area with continuously increasing density can be manifested as a lag in the propagation time change, reflecting the speed change in the path. By integrating the propagation time of each path, the path propagation delay interval is obtained.

[0144] S402: Calculate the propagation delay differences between pairs of paths based on the time intervals between the propagation paths in the path propagation delay interval, select path combinations whose time differences are within the offset range, and use the propagation direction angle distribution trend and the number of path boundary reflections as auxiliary conditions to jointly determine the interference coupling path set.

[0145] Count the propagation delay differences between all paths, compare their time differences in sequence according to the path pair number, generate a time difference distribution graph, divide the time difference by interval, for example, divide the time offset range with a step size of 1ns, and filter out path combinations with time differences within the specified offset tolerance in different offset intervals. This screening process can be implemented through a structured data table, where each row records a path pair and its time difference, propagation direction angle, and number of boundary reflections. When judging whether a path constitutes an interference coupling combination, it is necessary to combine the distribution trend of the propagation direction angle between the path pairs, perform distribution statistics on the angle between the path pairs, and divide the direction Paths with a difference of less than 10 degrees are classified as convergent propagation paths; otherwise, they are classified as divergent paths. At the same time, the number of reflections in each path is extracted and used as another judgment dimension. If the two paths have the same number of reflections on the structure surface or metal bracket, or the difference in the number of reflections does not exceed 1, their spatial propagation structures are similar, which can enhance the interference correlation. Path pairs are screened out based on the three criteria of small direction angle, close number of reflections, and close time difference. The set is structured and recorded, including path number, path point sequence, and matching level, for multi-path joint evaluation to obtain the interference coupling path set.

[0146] S403: Calling the path set determined by the interference coupling path set, locating the feeding ports and adjacent grid unit areas involved in the path, extracting the time series values of the electric field phase and the magnetic field vector direction in the corresponding unit, evaluating the relationship between the phase offset rate and the time difference change, and obtaining the multi-source coupling path feature set;

[0147] The starting feed port location involved in each path is retrieved in sequence, and the grid cell area adjacent to the port is searched from the simulation grid data. After determining the area through which the path passes, the data series of the electric field phase distribution and the magnetic field vector direction in the grid cell are read over time. The time series data is output at a fixed time step, such as once every 0.5ns. At each time point, the phase value and magnetic field direction vector within the cell are read. Adjacent grid cells are sorted sequentially according to the path propagation direction, and a time series comparison table is established. The rate of phase value change is recorded and correlated with the time difference spent on path propagation. The correspondence between the phase change trend and the time difference is used to identify whether there is a synchronous phenomenon of phase mutation and path delay. If similar change patterns are found in multiple grid areas, they can be classified as the same coupling feature. The set of paths with common change features is aggregated, and records including phase offset rate curves, magnetic field direction sequences, and path corresponding time tags are used to analyze the potential time domain coupling and structural response correlation between different paths, forming a multi-source coupling path feature set.

[0148] The steps for obtaining the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameters are as follows:

[0149] S501: Utilizing the phase relationship in the multi-source coupling path feature set, extract the electric field superposition direction corresponding to the main lobe propagation path and the interference path within the azimuth scanning range, and referencing the angle distribution between the path field intensity phase offset and the propagation direction under differentiated azimuth angles to obtain the superposition field intensity offset;

[0150] When extracting the electric field phase relationship of each path from the multi-source coupling path feature set, it is necessary to synchronously analyze the propagation trajectories of the main lobe propagation path and the interference path at different azimuth angles, establish an electric field data table for the main lobe direction within the azimuth scanning range, and recommend scanning angles within the range of 0 to 360 degrees with a step size of 5 degrees. Gradually obtain the electric field vector direction and amplitude of the main lobe direction at each angle, synchronously retrieve the electric field phase data of the interference path at the same angle, and record the phase difference between different paths at the same azimuth angle. During the execution process, analyze the electric field direction of the main lobe path and the interference path in each angle segment. Angle: If the angle is less than a certain range (such as 10 degrees), it can be considered that the two paths have similar propagation directions. On this basis, their electric field vectors are superimposed, and the change of field strength in the main lobe direction after superposition is recorded. All angle segments are analyzed one by one, and the phase offset of each segment is counted. Combined with the difference in field strength amplitude after superposition, a field strength offset table under the electric field superposition direction is formed. This table structuredly identifies the increase and decrease of net field strength in the main lobe propagation direction under each azimuth angle, as well as the number of related interference directions, path intersection information, etc., which are used for subsequent antenna angle optimization evaluation to obtain the superposition field strength offset.

[0151] S502: extracting the main lobe gain variation amplitude and side lobe level fluctuation range in adjacent azimuth segments based on the superimposed field strength offset and azimuth direction variation curves, comparing the gain variation trend and variation amplitude, and generating an angle interval screening sequence;

[0152] This is then compared with the trend of changes in the scanning azimuth angle to establish a statistical table of mainlobe gain variation between adjacent angular segments. The maximum mainlobe field strength value in each angular segment is extracted, and the gain difference between two adjacent segments is recorded. Simultaneously, the field strength variation in the sidelobe region is recorded within the same angular segment, and the sidelobe level fluctuation range is calculated. After comparing these two directional indicators, a gain variation trend sequence is established, which demonstrates the continuity of the mainlobe gain with angle. In practice, if a segment experiences a rapid drop of more than 3dB in mainlobe gain and a significant increase in sidelobe level within the same angular segment, the segment is marked as a potential directivity error angle. Following this logic, azimuth segments are screened one by one, and angular segments where sudden changes in mainlobe gain and simultaneous sidelobe fluctuations occur are recorded. Each angular segment must include the gain change, the sidelobe fluctuation range, and the path number where the anomaly occurred. This is used to support subsequent field strength correction and angle compensation parameter generation, ensuring clear labeling of the affected areas and determination of their directional characteristics, thus forming an angle segment screening sequence.

[0153] S503: Calling the field intensity change value of the angle interval segment in the angle interval screening sequence, constructing a field intensity change trend curve under the angle interval, obtaining the angle position of the extreme point in the curve, and combining the field intensity fluctuation amplitude before and after the extreme point to obtain the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter;

[0154] Based on the field intensity variation values within each angular interval, a field intensity variation trend curve is constructed for the entire azimuth angle. This curve uses angle as the horizontal axis and field intensity as the vertical axis to show the intensity trend of the main lobe across the entire scanning range. During the plotting process, abnormal fluctuation points are marked, especially near extreme points. The maximum or minimum field intensity values corresponding to the angle are recorded. The field intensity fluctuation amplitude is extracted from the adjacent points before and after the curve, and the speed and degree of field intensity change are compared. If the field intensity variation within 5 degrees before and after a certain extreme point exceeds a set amplitude (such as 3 dB), the corresponding angle is considered to be a directivity sensitive angle. Extreme points that meet this condition are extracted and their angular positions are summarized. Combined with the fluctuation amplitude corresponding to each extreme point, an angle correction parameter table is constructed. The corresponding fields include angle position, correction level, direction deviation trend, and path source number. This parameter table will serve as the basis for W-band antenna pointing angle correction and is used to adjust the array feed control strategy or phase control parameters. The data in this table is called in the structural control logic for dynamic compensation processing to ensure that the main lobe pointing accuracy within the azimuth range meets the design requirements, thereby obtaining the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameters.

[0155] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A simulation analysis method for the pointing angle of a W-band antenna, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the geometric dimensions and radiating element morphology of the W-band antenna, extract the curvature distribution of the main lobe coverage area and the matching characteristics of the feed structure, establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic field calculation domain including the metal substrate and dielectric loading layer, evaluate the influence of structural components on the electromagnetic wave reflection phase, and obtain the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics; S2: calling the electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, identifying the reflected wave interference path at the interface between the edge of the main lobe coverage area and the reflecting surface, monitoring the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe propagation path and the side lobe reflection path, and obtaining a dynamic reflectivity boundary; S3: Based on the phase jump range of the dynamic reflectivity boundary, the feeding structure and the support frame area are set as a hexahedral grid, the consistency of the electric field polarization direction within the grid unit is evaluated, the local grid is refined in the deviation area, and a grid division benchmark is generated; S4: Call the cell density distribution of the grid division benchmark, analyze the propagation delay relationship between the ground reflection path and the metal structure scattering path, select paths with similar delays as interference coupling items, evaluate the crosstalk phase relationship between the feeding port and the adjacent cells, and obtain the multi-source coupling path feature set.

2. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic field distribution characteristics include field intensity gradient, electric field standing wave ratio, and reflection phase response; the dynamic reflectivity boundary includes phase adjustment range, interference wave intensity difference, and polarization direction deviation; the grid division benchmark includes tetrahedral unit distribution density, hexahedral unit topological relationship, and local encrypted area boundary; the multi-source coupling path feature set includes coupling phase offset, path delay difference, and crosstalk intensity threshold.

3. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are specifically as follows: S101: Obtain the geometric dimensions and radiating element shape of the W-band antenna, extract the contour boundary parameters and element boundary line length corresponding to the structural surface coordinate points, combine the thickness change of the element edge structure and the boundary curvature change trend, identify the surface geometric curvature distribution at the edge of the radiating element, and generate the boundary curvature distribution; S102: Obtaining the surface space coordinate difference distribution of the differentiated radial region based on the relationship between the boundary curvature distribution and the position of the feeding point of the central section of the radiating unit, extracting the spacing data between the distribution points of the feeding structure and the peak position of the boundary curvature, and comparing the overlap coefficient of the feeding point position with the local curvature extreme area to obtain the feeding structure matching result; S103: Based on the matching result of the feeding structure and the three-dimensional boundary size value of the structure, a three-dimensional space calculation grid is constructed, the electromagnetic wavelength range corresponding to the band frequency is called as the boundary restriction condition, the angle range between the reflection direction vector of the dielectric interface and the metal interface and the incident angle is set, and the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics are obtained in combination with the change range of the wave propagation path length.

4. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the dynamic reflectivity boundary are specifically as follows: S201: Recalling the electric field polarization direction and magnetic field vector distribution in the electromagnetic field distribution characteristics, obtaining a coordinate sequence of the reflected wave propagation trajectory in the edge direction of the main lobe coverage area, identifying a set of spatial contact points at the interface between the main lobe edge and the reflecting surface, detecting the distribution of the intersection angle formed by the reflected wave trajectory and the intersection point, and generating the interference path intersection distribution; S202: Based on the distribution of the intersection of the interference path and the positional relationship between the reflection direction change section in the main lobe path, the reflection intensity and the propagation direction offset amplitude of the reflection point of the path segment are extracted, the reflection intensity difference between the main lobe propagation path and the corresponding side lobe path is calculated, and the offset distribution between the reflection phase of the interference area and the initial offset angle is adjusted in the reflection intensity difference interval to obtain a dynamic reflectivity boundary.

5. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe propagation path and the corresponding side lobe path is as follows: Among them, ΔI represents the difference in reflection intensity between the main lobe and side lobe paths, AI k Represents the reflection intensity of the kth reflection point in the main lobe propagation path, BI k represents the reflection intensity of the kth reflection point of the corresponding sidelobe path, N represents the total number of reflection points in the path segment, λ represents the dynamic phase adjustment factor, α k represents the mean initial offset angle of the kth reflection point on the main lobe path, β k represents the mean value of the propagation direction deviation amplitude of the kth reflection point in the sidelobe path, L p represents the main lobe propagation path length, and γ represents the path segment direction offset correction coefficient.

6. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the grid division benchmark are specifically as follows: S301: extracting the multi-directional reflectivity change boundary of the main lobe coverage area based on the spatial distribution gradient corresponding to the phase jump range in the dynamic reflectivity boundary, dividing the main lobe coverage area into a plurality of phase continuous regions according to the reflectivity gradient continuity characteristics, and obtaining the main lobe region grid structure value based on the reflectivity directional change trend of the multiple regions and the boundary spatial morphology; S302: Extracting the spatial position index of the feed structure and the support frame region based on the grid density distribution and structural boundary information in the grid structure value of the main lobe region, identifying the structural dimension and boundary direction distribution characteristics in the region, and defining the grid subdivision direction to obtain a hexahedral grid set; S303: Calling the boundary intersection information of the tetrahedral unit in the hexahedral grid set and the main lobe area grid structure value, calculating the angle between the electric field vector direction in the grid unit and the regional main direction vector, analyzing the deviation trend under multi-directional distribution, and obtaining the electric field polarization consistency evaluation result; S304: According to the grid unit identifier whose deviation degree exceeds the set judgment interval in the electric field polarization consistency evaluation result, extract the three-dimensional coordinate index value, perform local grid encryption processing along the three-axis directions around the deviation point as the center, and generate a grid division benchmark.

7. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The formula for the distribution characteristics of the structural dimension and boundary direction within the identification area is as follows: Among them, Q i Represents the quantization weight coefficient in the direction of the i-th structural dimension, Aγ i represents the modulus of the i-th boundary direction vector, ρ represents the standard deviation of the grid density distribution in the main lobe area, η represents the area ratio of the support frame area, and δ i represents the actual length measurement value of the i-th structural dimension, θ represents the structural dimension reference length, G o represents the dispersion correction coefficient of the oth boundary direction distribution, n represents the total number of structural dimension directions, and o represents the boundary direction distribution sequence index.

8. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the multi-source coupling path feature set are specifically as follows: S401: Calling the cell density distribution in the grid division benchmark, extracting the grid area index corresponding to the ground reflection path and the metal structure scattering path, obtaining the spatial span and boundary intersection position of the electromagnetic wave propagating between the differentiated grid cells in the path, combining the grid density change trend between the cells and the electric field direction change rate, calculating the time interval required for the overall propagation of the path, and obtaining the path propagation delay interval; S402: Calculate the propagation delay differences between the path pairs based on the time intervals between the propagation paths in the path propagation delay interval, select path combinations whose time differences are within the offset range, and use the propagation direction angle distribution trend and the number of path boundary reflections as auxiliary conditions to jointly determine the interference coupling path set; S403: Calling the path set determined by the interference coupling path set, locating the feeding port and adjacent grid unit area involved in the path, extracting the time series values of the electric field phase and the magnetic field vector direction in the corresponding unit, evaluating the relationship between the phase offset rate and the time difference change, and obtaining the multi-source coupling path feature set.

9. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S5: S5: using the phase relationship of the multi-source coupling path feature set, identifying the field strength superposition information of the main lobe propagation path and the interference path within the azimuth range, comparing the main lobe gain change and the side lobe level change at adjacent angles, screening the angle interval that meets the set conditions, optimizing the field strength change for the interval angle, and obtaining the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter; The W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameters include the main lobe azimuth angle optimization interval, the side lobe suppression angle range, and the field strength difference judgment threshold.

10. The simulation analysis method of the W-band antenna pointing angle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps for obtaining the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter are specifically as follows: S501: Utilizing the phase relationship in the multi-source coupling path feature set, extracting the electric field superposition direction corresponding to the main lobe propagation path and the interference path within the azimuth scanning range, and obtaining the superposition field intensity offset by referring to the angle distribution between the path field intensity phase offset and the propagation direction under differentiated azimuth angles; S502: extracting the main lobe gain variation amplitude and the side lobe level fluctuation interval in adjacent azimuth segments based on the superimposed field intensity offset and azimuth direction variation curve, comparing the gain variation trend and the variation amplitude, and generating an angle interval screening sequence; S503: Call the field intensity change value of the angle interval segment in the angle interval screening sequence, construct a field intensity change trend curve under the angle interval, obtain the angle position of the extreme point in the curve, and combine the field intensity fluctuation amplitude before and after the extreme point to obtain the W-band antenna pointing angle correction parameter.

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