A design method for transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control

Abstract

The present invention proposes a transmission array antenna design method based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control. The present invention uses simulation software to perform full-wave simulation on the horn feed source to obtain the amplitude and phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate respectively. According to the amplitude of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate and the set amplitude of the outgoing electric field of the phase modulated plate, the G-S algorithm is substituted to obtain the phase of the outgoing electric field of the amplitude modulated plate and the phase of the incident electric field of the phase modulated plate. According to the phase difference of the outgoing and incident electric fields of the amplitude modulated plate and the phase modulated plate, the phases to be achieved by the metasurface units of the amplitude modulated plate and the phase modulated plate are calculated respectively. The metasurface unit is solved and simulated in the frequency domain using simulation software, and a structural phase model of the unit is established; the phases to be achieved by the metasurface units of the amplitude modulated plate and the phase modulated plate are passed through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the metasurface units of the amplitude modulated plate and the phase modulated plate respectively. The present invention adds an amplitude modulation function, which has a higher degree of design freedom under the conditions of low profile and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wireless communications, and in particular relates to a transmission array antenna design method based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control. Background Art

[0002] As a vital part of wireless communication systems, antennas can radiate modulated signals in circuits into space so that the signals can be transmitted wirelessly, and can also receive spatially radiated signals and convert them into circuit signals. Antenna performance directly affects the quality of wireless communication.

[0003] Different application scenarios require different beam shapes and radiation directions, and therefore different antenna design requirements. Array antennas achieve a specific beam shape and radiation direction by controlling the amplitude and phase of the excitation current for each element in the array, designing the amplitude and phase distribution of the electric field at the array's radiating aperture. Phased array antennas employ this principle, but their overall structure is extremely complex, and they are large in size and weight. This makes them unsuitable for miniaturized systems and hinders cost control and application in harsh environments.

[0004] Compared to phased array antennas, array antennas based on metasurface structures offer numerous advantages, such as low cost and low profile, and offer a wider range of applications. By designing the metasurface unit structure on the array surface, the aperture electric field radiated by the initial feed source is controlled to achieve various functions, such as beamforming and beam steering. However, currently, it is difficult for metasurface units to achieve precise control of both amplitude and phase simultaneously. Therefore, most existing array antennas based on metasurface structures utilize the phase control function of the metasurface structure to achieve functions such as beamforming, resulting in limitations in their beam shape design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a transmission array antenna design method based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a transmission array antenna design method based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0007] Step 1: Use simulation software to perform full-wave simulation on the primary feed of the horn to obtain the amplitude and phase of the incident electric field of the AM plate.

[0008] Step 2: Substitute the amplitude of the incident electric field of the AM plate and the set amplitude of the output electric field of the PM plate into the GS algorithm for phase recovery to obtain the phase of the output electric field of the AM plate and the phase of the incident electric field of the PM plate respectively;

[0009] Step 3: Calculate the phase to be achieved by the AM plate metasurface unit based on the incident electric field phase and the outgoing electric field phase of the AM plate. Calculate the phase to be achieved by the PM plate metasurface unit based on the set outgoing electric field phase of the phase modulating plate and the incident electric field phase of the phase modulating plate obtained in step 2.

[0010] Step 4: Use simulation software to perform frequency domain simulation on the metasurface unit to obtain the transmission coefficient phase of the metasurface unit with different structural parameters, and establish a structural phase model between the unit structural parameters and the transmission coefficient phase through smooth fitting;

[0011] Step 5: The phase to be achieved by the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit is passed through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit; the phase to be achieved by the phase modulated flat metasurface unit is passed through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the phase modulated flat metasurface unit;

[0012] Preferably, the amplitude of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulation plate in step 1 is specifically defined as follows:

[0013] The electric field amplitude of the primary radiation field of the horn primary feed incident on the AM plate is defined as the amplitude of the incident electric field on the AM plate:

[0014] The amplitude of the incident electric field of the AM plate is:

[0015] A1(u1,v1)

[0016] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0017] Wherein, L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and A1(u1,v1) is the electric field amplitude at the corresponding horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u1,v1);

[0018] The phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate in step 1 is specifically defined as follows:

[0019] The electric field phase of the primary radiation field of the horn's primary feed incident on the AM plate is defined as the incident electric field phase of the AM plate;

[0020] The phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate is:

[0021]

[0022] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0023] Wherein, L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u2, v2);

[0024] Preferably, the amplitude of the electric field emitted by the phase-modulated plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows:

[0025] The electric field amplitude of the radiation aperture of the entire transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control is defined as the phase-modulated plate output electric field amplitude:

[0026] The amplitude of the electric field emitted by the phase-modulated plate is set to:

[0027] A4(u2,v2)

[0028] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0029] Wherein, L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and A4(u2,v2) is the electric field amplitude at the corresponding horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2,v2);

[0030] The phase of the output electric field of the amplitude modulated plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows:

[0031] The phase of the output electric field of the AM plate after the incident electric field is modulated by the AM plate is defined as the phase of the output electric field of the AM plate;

[0032] The phase of the output electric field of the amplitude modulated plate is:

[0033]

[0034] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0035] Wherein, L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u1, v1);

[0036] The incident electric field phase of the phase-modulating plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows:

[0037] The electric field phase of the secondary radiation field incident on the phase modulation plate after being modulated by the amplitude modulation plate is defined as the incident electric field phase of the phase modulation plate;

[0038] The incident electric field phase of the phase-modulating plate is:

[0039]

[0040] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0041] Wherein, L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u2, v2);

[0042] Preferably, the phase to be achieved by the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit is calculated in step 3, and the specific process is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0045] Where L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, φ plane1 (u1, v1) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u1, v1);

[0046] The specific process of calculating the phase to be achieved by the phase-modulated metasurface unit in step 3 is as follows:

[0047]

[0048] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0049] Where L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, φ plane2 (u2, v2) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u2, v2);

[0050] Preferably, the structural phase model between the unit structure parameters and the transmission coefficient phase in step 4 is specifically defined as follows:

[0051] D=F[φ]

[0052] Where D is the unit structure parameter, φ is the unit transmission coefficient phase, and F is the established structural phase model function;

[0053] Preferably, the structural parameters of the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit are obtained in step 5, and the specific calculation process is as follows:

[0054] D plane1 (u1,v1)=F[φ plane1 (u1,v1)]

[0055] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0056] Where L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, φ plane1 (u1, v1) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u1, v1), D plane1 (u1, v1) is the structural parameter of the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate position corresponding to (u1, v1), and F is the established structural phase model function;

[0057] The structural parameters of the phase-modulated flat metasurface unit are obtained in step 5. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0058] D plane2 (u2,v2)=F[φ plane2 (u2,v2)]

[0059] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0060] Where L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, φ plane2 (u2, v2) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate position corresponding to (u2, v2), D plane2 (u2, v2) is the structural parameter of the metasurface unit corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2, v2), and F is the established structural phase model function.

[0061] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0062] This invention builds upon the existing design of a traditional metasurface-based transmission array antenna by incorporating an amplitude-modulated flat plate structure, adding an amplitude-modulation function. This amplitude-modulation function is achieved by redistributing energy through phase control, without energy loss. This essentially achieves the simultaneous amplitude and phase modulation capabilities of a phased array antenna at a low cost and low profile. Compared to traditional single-phase modulation array antennas, this design offers greater design freedom, facilitating the design of a wider range of beam shapes and radiation directions. The plane wave expansion algorithm employed in the design process utilizes a fast Fourier transform (FFT), which reduces computational time and ensures high accuracy. This allows the GS algorithm to quickly converge and recover phases during the iteration process to complete the design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the method flow of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 2 : Structural diagram of the transmission array antenna with amplitude and phase separation control according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 3 : GS algorithm flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 4 : Phase diagram of the output electric field of the AM slab restored by the GS algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 5 : Phase diagram of the incident electric field of the phase-modulated plate restored by the GS algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the super surface structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 7 : Side view of the super surface structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the structural phase model function of the metasurface unit of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0072] In specific implementation, the method proposed in the technical solution of the present invention can be automatically run by those skilled in the art using computer software technology. System devices that implement the method, such as computer-readable storage media that store the corresponding computer program of the technical solution of the present invention and computer equipment that runs the corresponding computer program, should also be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0073] The following combination Figures 1 to 8 The technical solution of the method of the embodiment of the present invention is a transmission array antenna design method based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control, which is specifically as follows:

[0074] The method flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0075] Figure 2 This is the structural diagram of the amplitude-phase separation controlled transmission array antenna. An amplitude-phase controlled transmission array antenna based on a metasurface structure mainly consists of an initial feed source, an amplitude modulation plate and a phase modulation plate. The entire design is for the structure of the amplitude modulation plate and the phase modulation plate.

[0076] Step 1: Use simulation software to perform full-wave simulation on the primary feed of the horn to obtain the amplitude and phase of the incident electric field of the AM plate.

[0077] The simulation software used in the embodiment of the present invention is the three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation software CST;

[0078] The amplitude of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulation plate in step 1 is specifically defined as follows:

[0079] The electric field amplitude of the primary radiation field of the horn primary feed incident on the AM plate is defined as the amplitude of the incident electric field on the AM plate:

[0080] The amplitude of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulation plate is:

[0081] A1(u1,v1)

[0082] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0083] Wherein, L1=100 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and A1(u1,v1) is the electric field amplitude at the corresponding horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u1,v1);

[0084] The phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate in step 1 is specifically defined as follows:

[0085] The electric field phase of the primary radiation field of the horn's primary feed incident on the AM plate is defined as the incident electric field phase of the AM plate;

[0086] The phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate is:

[0087]

[0088] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0089] Wherein, L1=100 is the side length of the amplitude modulation plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulation plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulation plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u2, v2);

[0090] Step 2: According to the amplitude of the incident electric field of the AM plate and the amplitude of the output electric field of the PM plate, Figure 3 The GS algorithm process shown in the figure is used for phase recovery. First, the phase of the incident electric field of the phase-modulated plate is randomly initialized, and the phase of the incident electric field of the target design is combined with the electric field amplitude of the target design to form a complete electric field information. The output electric field of the amplitude-modulated plate is calculated by the plane wave expansion algorithm. The calculated phase information of the output electric field of the amplitude-modulated plate is extracted and combined with the known output electric field amplitude of the amplitude-modulated plate to form a complete electric field information. The incident electric field of the phase-modulated plate is then calculated by the plane wave expansion algorithm. At this time, the incident electric field phase of the phase-modulated plate is extracted and combined with the design target amplitude distribution to form a new electric field information. The above steps are then repeated until the error requirements are met. Finally, the output electric field phase of the amplitude-modulated plate and the incident electric field phase of the phase-modulated plate are obtained respectively as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 .

[0091] The amplitude of the electric field emitted by the phase-modulated plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows:

[0092] The electric field amplitude of the radiation aperture of the entire transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control is defined as the phase-modulated plate output electric field amplitude:

[0093] The amplitude of the electric field emitted by the phase-modulated plate is set to:

[0094] A4(u2,v2)

[0095] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0096] Wherein, L2=100 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and A4(u2,v2) is the electric field amplitude at the corresponding horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2,v2);

[0097] The phase of the output electric field of the amplitude modulated plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows:

[0098] The phase of the output electric field of the AM plate after the incident electric field is modulated by the AM plate is defined as the phase of the output electric field of the AM plate;

[0099] The phase of the output electric field of the amplitude modulated plate is:

[0100]

[0101] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0102] Wherein, L1=100 is the side length of the amplitude modulation plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulation plate, and v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulation plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u1, v1);

[0103] The incident electric field phase of the phase-modulating plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows:

[0104] The electric field phase of the secondary radiation field incident on the phase modulation plate after being modulated by the amplitude modulation plate is defined as the incident electric field phase of the phase modulation plate;

[0105] The incident electric field phase of the phase-modulating plate is:

[0106]

[0107] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0108] Wherein, L2=100 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u2, v2);

[0109] Step 3: Calculate the phase to be achieved by the AM plate metasurface unit based on the incident electric field phase of the AM plate obtained in step 1 and the outgoing electric field phase of the AM plate obtained in step 2; calculate the phase to be achieved by the phase modulated plate metasurface unit based on the set outgoing electric field phase of the phase modulated plate and the incident electric field phase of the phase modulated plate obtained in step 2;

[0110] The specific process of calculating the phase to be achieved by the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit in step 3 is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0113] Where L1=100 is the side length of the AM plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the AM plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the AM plate, φ plane1 (u1, v1) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u1, v1);

[0114] The specific process of calculating the phase to be achieved by the phase-modulated metasurface unit in step 3 is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0117] Where L2=100 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, φ plane2 (u2, v2) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u2, v2);

[0118] Step 4: Use simulation software to perform frequency domain simulation on the metasurface unit to obtain the transmission coefficient phase of the metasurface unit with different structural parameters. The metasurface structure is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 , which consists of a 4-layer metal patch structure and a 3-layer dielectric structure. The relative dielectric constants of the 3 dielectric layers are also completely consistent. The 1st layer of metal patch and the 4th layer of metal patch structure are completely consistent, and the 2nd layer and the 3rd layer of metal patch structure are completely consistent. The square structure at the center of the 4-layer metal patch structure is also completely consistent. This metasurface structure controls the phase of its transmission coefficient by changing the square structure parameters at the center of the 4-layer metal patch. Finally, a structural phase model function between the unit structure parameters and the transmission coefficient phase is established through smooth fitting, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 As shown;

[0119] The structural phase model function between the unit structure parameters and the transmission coefficient phase in step 4 is specifically defined as follows:

[0120] D=F[φ]

[0121] Where D is the unit structure parameter, φ is the unit transmission coefficient phase, and F is the established structural phase model function;

[0122] Step 5: The phase to be achieved by the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit is passed through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit; the phase to be achieved by the phase modulated flat metasurface unit is passed through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the phase modulated flat metasurface unit;

[0123] The structural parameters of the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit are obtained in step 5. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0124] D plane1 (u1,v1)=F[φ plane1 (u1,v1)]

[0125] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2]

[0126] Wherein, L1=100 mm is the side length of the amplitude modulation plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulation plate, and v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulation plate.

[0127] φ plane1 (u1, v1) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u1, v1),

[0128] D plane1 (u1, v1) is the structural parameter of the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate position corresponding to (u1, v1), and F is the established structural phase model function;

[0129] The structural parameters of the phase-modulated flat metasurface unit are obtained in step 5. The specific calculation process is as follows:

[0130] D plane2 (u2,v2)=F[φ plane2 (u2,v2)]

[0131] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2]

[0132] Among them, L2=100 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, and u2 is the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate.

[0133] The horizontal coordinate value on the scale, v2 is the vertical coordinate value on the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, φ plane2 (u2, v2) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u2, v2),

[0134] D plane2 (u2, v2) is the structural parameter of the metasurface unit corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2, v2), and F is the established structural phase model function.

[0135] It should be understood that parts not elaborated in detail in this specification belong to the prior art.

[0136] It should be understood that the above description of the preferred embodiment is relatively detailed and cannot be regarded as limiting the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make substitutions or modifications without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection requested by the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A design method for a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Use simulation software to perform full-wave simulation on the primary feed of the horn to obtain the amplitude and phase of the incident electric field of the AM plate. Step 2: Perform phase recovery based on the amplitude of the incident electric field of the AM plate and the set amplitude of the output electric field of the PM plate in combination with the GS algorithm to obtain the phase of the output electric field of the AM plate and the phase of the incident electric field of the PM plate respectively; Step 3: Calculate the phase to be achieved by the AM metasurface unit based on the incident electric field phase and the outgoing electric field phase of the AM plate, and calculate the phase to be achieved by the PM metasurface unit based on the set outgoing electric field phase and the incident electric field phase of the PM plate; Step 4: Use simulation software to perform frequency domain simulation on the metasurface unit to obtain the transmission coefficient phase of the metasurface unit with different structural parameters, and establish a structural phase model between the unit structural parameters and the transmission coefficient phase through smooth fitting; Step 5: The phase to be achieved by the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit is obtained through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit, and the phase to be achieved by the phase modulated flat metasurface unit is obtained through the structural phase model to obtain the structural parameters of the phase modulated flat metasurface unit.

2. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulation plate in step 1 is specifically defined as follows: The electric field amplitude of the primary radiation field of the horn primary feed incident on the AM plate is defined as the incident electric field amplitude of the AM plate; The phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate in step 1 is specifically defined as follows: The electric field phase of the primary radiation field of the horn's primary feed source incident on the AM plate is defined as the incident electric field phase of the AM plate.

3. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amplitude of the incident electric field of the AM plate is: A1(u1,v1) u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2] Wherein, L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value in the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value in the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and A1(u1,v1) is the electric field amplitude at the corresponding horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u1,v1).

4. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The phase of the incident electric field of the amplitude modulated plate is: u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2] Wherein, L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2, v2).

5. The design method of a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude of the electric field emitted by the phase-modulated plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows: The electric field amplitude of the radiation aperture of the entire transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control is defined as the phase-modulated plate output electric field amplitude: The amplitude of the electric field emitted by the phase-modulated plate is set to: A4(u2,v2) u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2] Wherein, L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and A4(u2,v2) is the electric field amplitude at the corresponding horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2,v2); The phase of the output electric field of the amplitude modulated plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows: The phase of the output electric field of the AM plate after the incident electric field is modulated by the AM plate is defined as the phase of the output electric field of the AM plate; The phase of the output electric field of the amplitude modulated plate is: u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2] Wherein, L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, and v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate position (u1, v1); The incident electric field phase of the phase-modulating plate in step 2 is specifically defined as follows: The electric field phase of the secondary radiation field incident on the phase modulation plate after being modulated by the amplitude modulation plate is defined as the incident electric field phase of the phase modulation plate; The incident electric field phase of the phase-modulating plate is: u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2] Wherein, L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate. is the electric field phase corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2, v2).

6. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of calculating the phase to be achieved by the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit in step 3 is as follows: u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2] Where L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, φ plane1 (u1, v1) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u1, v1).

7. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of calculating the phase to be achieved by the phase-modulated metasurface unit in step 3 is as follows: u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2] Where L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, and v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate. plane2 (u2, v2) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u2, v2).

8. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural phase model between the unit structure parameters and the transmission coefficient phase described in step 4 is specifically defined as follows: D=F[φ] Where D is the unit structure parameter, φ is the unit transmission coefficient phase, and F is the established structural phase model function.

9. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural parameters of the amplitude modulated flat metasurface unit are obtained in step 5. The specific calculation process is as follows: D plane1 (u1,v1)=F[φ plane1 (u1,v1)] u1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2], v1∈[-L1 / 2,L1 / 2] Where L1 is the side length of the amplitude modulated plate, u1 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, v1 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the amplitude modulated plate, φ plane1 (u1, v1) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions corresponding to (u1, v1), D plane1 (u1, v1) are the structural parameters of the metasurface unit corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u1, v1), and F is the established structural phase model function.

10. The method for designing a transmission array antenna based on metasurface amplitude-phase separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural parameters of the phase-modulated flat metasurface unit are obtained in step 5. The specific calculation process is as follows: <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr">D<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> plane2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (u2,v2)=F[φ<h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> plane2 <h2 style=";text-align:left;direction:ltr"> (u2,v2)] u2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2], v2∈[-L2 / 2,L2 / 2] Where L2 is the side length of the phase-modulating plate, u2 is the horizontal coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, v2 is the vertical coordinate value of the two-dimensional coordinate system established with the center of the phase-modulating plate, φ plane2 (u2, v2) is the phase to be achieved by the metasurface unit at the horizontal and vertical coordinate position corresponding to (u2, v2), D plane2 (u2, v2) is the structural parameter of the metasurface unit corresponding to the horizontal and vertical coordinate positions (u2, v2), and F is the established structural phase model function.

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