Simulation Method of Dynamic Arc of Disconnecting Switch Considering Contact Actuation and Related Systems

Abstract

This invention discloses a dynamic arc simulation method and related system for disconnecting switches considering contact movement, belonging to the field of high-voltage electrical equipment simulation technology. First, a three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch is constructed based on actual dimensional parameters. This model is then imported into simulation software to simulate the movement of the moving arc-initiating contact and obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve. Next, an electromagnetic simulation circuit considering arc reignition is constructed to simulate the dynamic arc-ignition process and obtain the voltage difference and current across the disconnecting switch. By combining the voltage difference, current, and dielectric strength recovery curve, the arc-extinguishing or arc-ignition state is determined, and the electromagnetic simulation circuit is controlled accordingly to achieve closed-loop simulation of the alternating arc-extinguishing state of the disconnecting switch. This invention innovatively couples the contact movement characteristics with the physical process of the arc, solving the simulation error problem caused by the simplified dielectric strength curve in traditional methods. It can accurately predict the transient overvoltage characteristics of disconnecting switch operation, providing a reliable analytical means for the insulation design of ultra-high voltage equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-voltage equipment simulation technology, specifically relating to a dynamic arc simulation method for disconnecting switches that considers contact action and its related system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of ultra-high voltage power grids, the problem of very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO) caused by dynamic arc reignition during disconnector operation has become increasingly prominent. Accidents causing circuit breaker failures during disconnector operation are frequent. For example, on May 8, 2020, after the initial inspection of the 750kV Chengqu Line 2 at a certain 750kV substation, power was restored. When the 75222 disconnector was closed, the 750kV II bus tripped. Inspection revealed abnormal SF6 composition in the C-phase arc-extinguishing chamber of the 7522 circuit breaker, initially indicating an internal fault in the circuit breaker and insulation corrosion. If the arc reignition process cannot be accurately simulated, VFTO levels cannot be effectively suppressed, which will damage the lifespan of electrical equipment, cause circuit breaker failures, and ultimately affect the stable operation of the power system.

[0003] Existing technologies have modeled and analyzed the arc generation process during the operation of disconnecting switches. In the invention patent with publication number CN114626321A, titled "A Simulation Model and Modeling Method for Dynamic Reignition Arc Resistance of AIS Disconnecting Switches," this method employs a modular design, including a series branch switch composed of a controlled switch and a controlled resistor. This enables the coordinated operation of the control module and the arc resistance control module, dynamically adjusting the switch state and resistance value to simulate the dynamic process of multiple reignitions and extinctions of the arc between the switches. However, this method fails to accurately establish a dynamic mapping relationship model between the break distance and the breakdown voltage. The linearization assumption of the dielectric strength recovery curve between contacts used in this method deviates significantly from reality. This idealized approach ignores the nonlinear characteristics of the dielectric recovery process, leading to significant errors in the arc reignition judgment stage. It is difficult to meet the accuracy requirements of practical engineering applications, and the reignition criterion used fails to fully reflect the nonlinear dielectric recovery characteristics under actual operating conditions.

[0004] In the invention patent with publication number CN108988330B, titled "A Power System Simulation Method Considering the Arc of a Disconnect Switch Break," this method establishes the correspondence between the break distance and breakdown voltage during the disconnect switch's opening / closing process through field tests. Combined with the disconnect switch's opening and closing action curves, it ultimately establishes the relationship curve between the breakdown voltage and time during the disconnect switch's opening / closing process. However, this method relies heavily on field test data. Due to the stringent test conditions, high cost, and applicability only to specific models, its engineering scalability and adaptability are significantly limited.

[0005] In summary, current arc simulation models for disconnecting switches fail to adequately consider the contact movement process, resulting in significant errors in predicting arc reignition characteristics and VFTO. Furthermore, establishing the correlation between the break distance and breakdown voltage during the disconnecting switch's opening / closing process through field experiments is technically challenging and costly. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a dynamic arc modeling method for disconnecting switches that considers the contact movement process, accurately simulating arc reignition and enabling overvoltage risk assessment during disconnecting switch operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a dynamic arc simulation method and related system for disconnecting switches that considers contact movement, in order to solve the technical problems of existing disconnecting switch arc simulation models, which have insufficient consideration of contact movement process, large prediction errors of arc reignition characteristics and VFTO, and high operational difficulty, high testing cost, and limited engineering promotion and adaptability when conducting field tests on disconnecting switches.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for simulating dynamic arcing in disconnecting switches considering contact action includes the following steps:

[0009] A three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch is established based on the actual size parameters of the disconnector switch.

[0010] The three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch was imported into simulation software to perform multiphysics simulation and electric field cycle simulation, thereby obtaining the breakdown voltage of the disconnecting switch under different movement distances of the moving arc-initiating contact. By measuring the movement speed of the arc-initiating contact, the voltage-distance function and distance-time function of the disconnecting switch are fitted. Based on the voltage-distance function and distance-time function of the disconnecting switch, the voltage-time function of the disconnecting switch is further fitted to obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch.

[0011] Construct an electromagnetic simulation circuit that considers the arc reignition process to simulate the dynamic arcing process of the disconnecting switch and obtain the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch. and the current of the disconnect switch Based on the voltage difference across the disconnector switch Current of the disconnect switch The dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch is used to determine the arc-extinguishing or arc-ignition state of the disconnecting switch. Based on the determination result, the electromagnetic simulation circuit is controlled to simulate the arc state of the disconnecting switch, thereby realizing closed-loop simulation of the alternating arc-extinguishing state of the disconnecting switch.

[0012] The process of establishing a simplified three-dimensional model of the disconnector based on the actual disconnector dimensions involves: establishing a 1:1 scale three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector based on the actual disconnector dimensions. The established three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector includes the following structural features: conductive knife switch assembly, stationary contact, equalizing ring device, and moving arc-inducing contact. The spatial relative positions and connection methods between the conductive knife switch assembly, stationary contact, equalizing ring device, and moving arc-inducing contact are consistent with those of the actual disconnector.

[0013] To perform multiphysics and electric field cycle simulations on the disconnector switch, the simulation software needs to define three media—copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and air—in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch. The spatial electric field formed by these three media in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch must satisfy the following conditions:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, Total current density includes conduction current density and displacement current density. The volume density of the current source. : Imaginary number, Angular frequency Electrical conductivity Electric displacement vector Electric field strength Electric potential.

[0016] The voltage difference across the disconnect switch The dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch can characterize the recovery process of the arc gap voltage. The breakdown voltage of the disconnecting switch under different movement distances of the moving arc contact can be represented by the dielectric strength recovery curve. With time t The function curve, at the same time t Under the given conditions, the formula is satisfied: At that time, the gap arc of the disconnecting switch enters the arcing state.

[0017] The voltage difference across the disconnect switch The calculation formula is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, This refers to the voltage on the power supply side of the isolating switch. This refers to the load-side voltage of the isolating switch.

[0020] Based on the current of the disconnect switch To determine the arc-extinguishing state of the disconnector switch, at time [time missing]. Disconnect switch current Compared to the past Current at any moment The product of the two products is less than 0, and the difference between them is less than a constant. Therefore, it can be determined that the gap arc of the disconnecting switch has entered the extinguishing stage.

[0021] A dynamic arc simulation system for disconnecting switches that considers contact action includes a data acquisition unit, a model building unit, a disconnecting switch motion simulation unit, and a dynamic arc state simulation unit.

[0022] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the actual size parameter data of the disconnecting switch;

[0023] The model building unit is used to build a three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector based on the actual disconnector size parameters;

[0024] The disconnector switch motion simulation unit is used to put the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch into the simulation software to simulate the motion process of the moving arc contact in the disconnector switch and obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector switch.

[0025] The dynamic arc simulation unit is used to construct an electromagnetic simulation circuit that considers the arc reignition process and to obtain the voltage difference across the disconnector switch. and the current of the disconnect switch Based on the voltage difference across the disconnector switch Current of the disconnect switch The arc extinction or arcing state of the disconnector switch is determined by the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector switch. The dynamic arc simulation unit is equipped with a control module, which outputs a control signal based on the judgment result. Control the arc state of the disconnecting switch to achieve closed-loop simulation of the alternating arc-ignition state of the disconnecting switch.

[0026] An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the computer program to implement the steps of a dynamic arc simulation method for a disconnecting switch that takes into account contact action.

[0027] A storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a dynamic arc simulation method for a disconnecting switch that takes into account contact action.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention provides a dynamic arc simulation method for disconnecting switches that considers contact movement. It fully considers the interaction between mechanical motion and arc physics, and takes into account the relationship between contact velocity, gap distance, and breakdown field strength. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing methods that use linear dielectric strength curves, allowing for accurate characterization of the impact of the dynamic contact separation process on transient overvoltages. This method constructs a dynamic arc model considering contact motion characteristics and an arc reignition criterion system considering the nonlinear recovery of dielectric strength through multiphysics coupling modeling. Compared to traditional simulation methods, the method proposed in this invention fully preserves the coupling relationship of electric field distortion during contact separation, and the simulated arc reignition process is more consistent with engineering reality.

[0030] Furthermore, in the dynamic arc simulation method for disconnecting switches considering contact movement proposed in this invention, a 1:1 scale three-dimensional geometric model is established based on the actual disconnecting switch dimensions. This model includes the conductive switch assembly, stationary contact, equalizing ring device, and moving arc-initiating contact, with the spatial relative positions and connection methods of each component consistent with the actual model. This ensures a high degree of fit between the model and the actual disconnecting switch from the outset, providing an accurate platform for subsequent simulation of the moving arc-initiating contact movement and analysis of arc characteristics. It avoids simulation errors caused by model distortion and solves the problem of insufficient consideration of the actual structure of the disconnecting switch in existing models. The three-dimensional geometric model is placed in simulation software to simulate the movement process of the moving arc-initiating contact. Through multiphysics simulation and electric field cycle simulation, the breakdown voltage and movement speed at different movement distances are obtained, and the dielectric strength recovery curve is obtained by fitting the relevant function. This process fully considers the dynamic influence of contact movement on the arc, accurately captures changes in arc length, electric field distribution, etc., during contact movement, and enables the simulation to truly reflect the dielectric strength recovery of the disconnecting switch in actual operation. This effectively compensates for the shortcomings of existing technologies in insufficient consideration of the contact movement process and improves the accuracy of arc simulation.

[0031] Furthermore, an electromagnetic simulation circuit considering the arc reignition process is constructed to simulate the dynamic arcing process, obtain the voltage difference and current across the disconnector switch, and determine the arc extinction or arcing state by combining the dielectric strength recovery curve, thus achieving closed-loop simulation. By simulating arc reignition through the electromagnetic simulation circuit and combining real-time monitored voltage, current, and dielectric strength data, the arc state is accurately determined and feedback is used to adjust the simulation, effectively reducing the prediction error of arc reignition characteristics and VFTO. Compared with existing technologies, it can more accurately predict the dynamic changes of the disconnector switch arc.

[0032] Furthermore, the simulation software sets three media—copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and air—to meet specific spatial electric field conditions for multiphysics and electric field cycle simulations. The electrical characteristics of different media differ significantly; by comprehensively considering the influence of the media on the electric field distribution, parameters such as the breakdown voltage of the disconnecting switch are accurately calculated, thereby optimizing the dielectric strength recovery curve. This provides a reliable basis for judging the arc state and improves the overall accuracy and reliability of the simulation model.

[0033] This invention also proposes a dynamic arc simulation system for disconnecting switches that considers contact movement. A dedicated data acquisition unit is responsible for acquiring the actual dimensional parameters of the disconnecting switch, ensuring the data's authenticity and accuracy. This provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent model building, guaranteeing the reliability of the simulation system from the outset and preventing distortion of subsequent simulation results due to data errors. This aligns with the precise modeling in the simulation method, laying the foundation for the effective operation of the entire system. The model building unit establishes a three-dimensional geometric model based on the actual disconnecting switch dimensional parameters provided by the data acquisition unit. By accurately reproducing the actual structure of the disconnecting switch, consistent with the modeling techniques in the simulation method, an accurate model is provided for the motion simulation and arc state simulation of the disconnecting switch. This allows the entire system to operate based on a realistic and reliable model, improving the accuracy of the system's simulation results. The disconnecting switch motion simulation unit inputs the constructed three-dimensional geometric model into the simulation software to simulate the movement of the moving arc-initiating contact and obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve. This unit continues the core technology of dynamically simulating contact movement in the simulation method, ensuring that the system can reflect the impact of contact movement on the dielectric strength of the disconnecting switch in real time and accurately. This provides key data support for the dynamic arc state simulation unit, enhancing the system's ability to simulate the actual operating state of the disconnecting switch. The dynamic arc simulation unit constructs an electromagnetic simulation circuit that considers the arc reignition process. It determines the arc state based on voltage difference, current, and dielectric strength recovery curves, achieving closed-loop simulation. This unit fully utilizes closed-loop simulation technology in simulation methods, accurately simulating the alternating arc-extinguishing state of the disconnector switch through real-time monitoring and judgment. Compared to existing technologies, this system has significant advantages in arc state simulation, providing more reliable simulation results and decision-making basis for engineering applications. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 : Three-dimensional geometric model diagram of the disconnector switch;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of multiphysics simulation of disconnector switch;

[0036] Figure 3 : Fitted curve of medium strength recovery curve;

[0037] Figure 4 : External circuit control module for disconnecting switch;

[0038] Figure 5 Flowchart of the simulation method for dynamic arc state of disconnecting switches;

[0039] Figure 6 Diagram showing the dynamic arcing characteristic state transition relationship of disconnecting switches;

[0040] Figure 7 Voltage waveforms on both sides of the disconnector switch;

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the dynamic arc condition assessment system module for disconnecting switches;

[0042] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the storage medium structure of the electronic device for evaluating the dynamic arc state of the disconnector switch;

[0043] Figure 10 : A schematic diagram of an electromagnetic simulation circuit considering the arc reignition process. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment proposes a dynamic arc simulation method for disconnecting switches that considers the contact action process, including the following steps:

[0048] Based on the actual dimensions of the disconnector switch, a 1:1 scale three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch was established. During the modeling process, the structural components that play a decisive role in the electric field distribution of the disconnector switch were retained, specifically including the conductive blade, stationary contact, equalizing ring, and moving arc-inducing contact. The conductivity characteristics were further simulated by accurately simulating the geometry of the conductive blade. The surface roughness parameters of the stationary contact were optimized to accurately reflect the electrical contact behavior. The ring diameter and spatial installation position of the equalizing ring were further optimized, and the motion trajectory curve of the moving arc-inducing contact was fully preserved. The spatial relative positions and connection methods between the conductive blade assembly, stationary contact, equalizing ring device, and moving contact are consistent with the actual disconnector switch, ensuring a high degree of realism in the model. This model can accurately simulate the electric field distribution, electromagnetic force, and other physical phenomena of the actual disconnector switch, laying the foundation for accurately simulating the dynamic arcing process of the disconnector switch. Simultaneously, to improve computational efficiency, non-critical components affecting the disconnector switch, such as fastening bolts and support brackets, were eliminated, achieving the optimal balance between computational accuracy and efficiency.

[0049] By incorporating the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector into simulation software and simulating the movement of the moving arc-initiating contact, the key factor of contact action can be considered more accurately. Compared with existing models, this overcomes the problem of insufficient consideration of the contact movement process, thus laying the foundation for accurately simulating the arc reignition phenomenon.

[0050] By simulating the movement process of the moving arc-initiating contact in the disconnecting switch, the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch can be obtained, which can more realistically reflect the dielectric recovery characteristics of the disconnecting switch in actual operation. This provides a key basis for accurately judging the arc-extinguishing or arc-ignition state and helps to improve the accuracy of the simulation of arc reignition characteristics.

[0051] Constructing an electromagnetic simulation circuit that considers the arc reignition process to simulate the dynamic arcing process allows for a more comprehensive consideration of the electrical characteristics of the disconnector switch during operation. Through the simulation process of the electromagnetic simulation circuit, parameters such as the voltage difference and current across the disconnector switch are obtained. Combined with the dielectric strength recovery curve, the arc extinction or arcing state of the disconnector switch can be accurately determined, thus achieving simulation of the dynamic arc of the disconnector switch. Simulation of the dynamic arc of the disconnector switch reduces reliance on field tests, avoiding the problems of harsh field test conditions, high costs, and test results only applicable to specific models. It has high engineering scalability and adaptability, and can provide effective technical support for the design, operation, and maintenance of disconnectors in different scenarios.

[0052] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch specifically involves: placing the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch into COMSOL simulation software, performing multiphysics simulation and electric field cycle simulation on the disconnecting switch, and obtaining the breakdown voltage of the disconnecting switch under different movement distances of the moving arc-initiating contact. By fitting the movement speed of the arc-initiating contact, the voltage-distance function and distance-time function of the disconnecting switch are obtained. Based on these functions, the voltage-time function is further fitted to obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch. Through multiphysics simulation and electric field cycle simulation, the interaction of various physical factors and the dynamic changes of the electric field are considered, enabling a more comprehensive and accurate acquisition of the electrical characteristics of the disconnecting switch under different contact movement states. Furthermore, by fitting the voltage-distance function and distance-time function, the voltage-time function and dielectric strength recovery curve are obtained. This method can accurately describe the change law of the dielectric strength of the disconnecting switch over time, providing an accurate basis for judging the extinction or reignition of the arc.

[0053] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiphysics field simulation and electric field cycle simulation of the disconnecting switch are performed. This requires setting three media—copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and air—in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch in the simulation software for multiphysics field simulation and electric field cycle simulation. The spatial electric field formed by the three media—copper conductor, PTFE, and air—in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch must satisfy the following conditions:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, Total current density includes conduction current density and displacement current density. The volume density of the current source. : Imaginary number, Angular frequency Electrical conductivity Electric displacement vector Electric field strength Electric potential. By setting three media—copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and air—in the simulation software and ensuring that these three media meet specific spatial point conditions, the complex electromagnetic field distribution inside the disconnecting switch can be accurately simulated. The influence of different media on the electric field and current distribution is considered, making the simulation results more consistent with reality and improving the accuracy and reliability of the simulation.

[0056] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch... The dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector can characterize the recovery process of the arc gap voltage. With time t The function curve, under the same time t, satisfies the formula: At this time, the gap arc of the disconnecting switch enters the arcing state. In determining the arcing state of the disconnecting switch, the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch characterizes the arc gap voltage recovery process, and the arcing state is determined by comparing it with the dielectric strength recovery curve. This provides a clear and definite quantitative standard for judging whether the disconnecting switch is extinguished or arcing, and helps to accurately analyze the arcing state of the disconnecting switch under different operating conditions. Among these, the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch... The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, This refers to the voltage on the power supply side of the isolating switch. This refers to the load-side voltage of the isolating switch.

[0059] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the current of the disconnecting switch... To determine the arc-extinguishing state of the disconnector switch, at time [time missing]. Disconnect switch current Compared to the past Current at any moment The product of the two products is less than 0, and the difference between them is less than a constant. Therefore, it can be determined that the arc in the gap of the disconnecting switch has entered the extinguishing stage. By judging the arc-extinguishing state of the disconnecting switch through the product and difference of current at different times, a method based on current change characteristics is provided. Combined with a voltage-based method, this approach can more comprehensively and accurately grasp the arc-extinguishing process of the disconnecting switch, improving the accuracy of dynamic arc state assessment.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment is based on the GW7B-800 three-pole disconnector as the research object. The structure of the GW7B-800 three-pole disconnector is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, based on the actual size parameters of the GW7B-800 three-column disconnector, the symmetrical structural characteristics of the equipment are utilized to reduce modeling complexity. Key features affecting contact movement characteristics are preserved, and a 1:1 scale three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector is constructed, as shown. Figure 2 As shown, the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector significantly improves the computational efficiency of dynamic arc simulation while ensuring computational accuracy. It includes the following key structures: conductive switch assembly, stationary contact, equalizing ring device, and moving arc-initiating contact. The spatial relative positions and connection methods between these components maintain engineering consistency with the actual product.

[0062] Will Figure 1 The three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch shown was imported into the finite element simulation electric field analysis software COMSOL to perform multiphysics simulation and electric field cycle simulation of the disconnecting switch. In the COMSOL simulation software, three media were set for the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnecting switch: copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene and air. The material parameters of the above three media are set as shown in Table 1 below.

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] Boundary conditions are set for the three media—copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and air—in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch. These conditions ensure that the spatial electric field formed by these three media in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch meets certain conditions, thereby guaranteeing current conservation in the simulation region of the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch. The conditions that the spatial electric field must meet are as follows:

[0066]

[0067] In the formula, Total current density includes conduction current density and displacement current density. The volume density of the current source. : Imaginary number, Angular frequency Electrical conductivity Electric displacement vector Electric field strength Electric potential.

[0068] Multiphysics simulation and electric field cycle simulation were performed on the disconnecting switch to obtain the breakdown voltage of the disconnecting switch under different movement distances of the moving arc-initiating contact. Based on the movement speed of the arc-initiating contact, the voltage-distance function and distance-time function of the disconnecting switch are fitted. Then, the voltage-time function of the disconnecting switch is further fitted using the voltage-distance function and distance-time function. The voltage-time function of the disconnecting switch is: The dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch is obtained based on the voltage-time function of the disconnecting switch, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0069] In PSCAD simulation software, an electromagnetic simulation circuit considering the arc reignition process is constructed, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the disconnector switch is precisely modeled within the dashed box. R(t) The arc resistance model uses the classic Mayr dynamic resistance model. L is the equivalent inductance of the disconnector gap, C1 is the disconnector gap capacitance, C2 is the capacitance to ground of the moving arc-initiating contact of the disconnector, C3 is the capacitance to ground of the stationary contact of the disconnector, and C4 is the equivalent capacitance of the circuit breaker in the open state. This electromagnetic simulation circuit simulates the dynamic arcing process of the disconnector, and during the simulation, the voltage difference across the disconnector is acquired in real time. and the current of the disconnect switch Based on the voltage difference across the disconnector switch Current of the disconnect switch The dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch is used to determine the arc-extinguishing or arc-ignition state of the disconnecting switch. The recovery process of the arc gap voltage and the recovery process of the gap dielectric strength together determine the breakdown state of the arc gap. The voltage difference across the disconnecting switch... The recovery process of the arc gap voltage of the disconnecting switch is characterized by the dielectric strength recovery curve function of the disconnecting switch, which shows the breakdown voltage of the disconnecting switch at different movement distances of the moving arc contact. Characterizing the recovery process of the interstitial medium strength. At time... t At that time, the voltage difference across the disconnect switch will be... The breakdown voltage of the disconnector at different travel distances of the moving arc-initiating contact, as shown in the dielectric strength recovery curve function of the disconnector. Comparison:

[0070]

[0071] When the voltage difference across the disconnector switch The breakdown voltage of the disconnector at different travel distances of the moving arc-initiating contact, as shown in the dielectric strength recovery curve function of the disconnector. When the above formula is satisfied, the dynamic arc of the disconnecting switch is in the arcing state, the gap breaks down, a transient process is generated, a high-frequency transient current is generated, the disconnecting switch is in the conducting state, the bus side is connected to the power supply side, and the energy of the bus and the power supply is redistributed.

[0072] During the arc extinction determination process of the disconnecting switch, at time... t At that time, the current passing through the disconnect switch is collected. At this time, if the disconnecting switch current Compared to the past Current at any moment The product of the two products is less than 0, and the difference between them is less than a constant. Therefore, it can be determined that the dynamic arc of the disconnecting switch has entered the arc-extinguishing stage. Based on the judgment result, the electromagnetic simulation circuit is controlled to simulate the arc state of the disconnecting switch, realizing a closed-loop simulation of the alternating arc-ignition state of the disconnecting switch. The arc state is updated in real time through the arc-extinguishing and arc-ignition criteria of the dynamic arc of the disconnecting switch. Arc ignition corresponds to a very fast transient process, and arc extinguishing corresponds to the gap insulation recovery process. The transient and steady-state processes cycle repeatedly.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment proposes a dynamic arc simulation system for disconnecting switches that considers contact action, including a data acquisition unit, a model building unit, a simulation unit, and a dynamic arc state evaluation unit.

[0075] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the actual size parameter data of the disconnecting switch;

[0076] The model building unit is used to establish a 1:1 scale three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector based on the actual disconnector size parameters. During the modeling process, non-critical components in the disconnector are eliminated, and the structural components that play a decisive role in the electric field distribution are retained, including the conductive knife switch, stationary contact, equalizing ring, and moving arc-inducing contact. The spatial relative positions and connection methods between the conductive knife switch assembly, stationary contact, equalizing ring device, and moving arc-inducing contact are consistent with the actual disconnector.

[0077] The simulation unit is used to input the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector into simulation software, simulate the movement process of the moving arc-initiating contact in the disconnector, and obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector; it also constructs an electromagnetic simulation circuit considering the arc reignition process to obtain the voltage difference across the disconnector. and the current of the disconnect switch ,

[0078] The dynamic arc simulation unit is used to construct an electromagnetic simulation circuit that considers the arc reignition process. The electromagnetic simulation circuit is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the dynamic arcing process of the disconnecting switch is simulated to obtain the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch. and the current of the disconnect switch Based on the voltage difference across the disconnector switch Current of the disconnect switch The module uses the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector to determine its arc-extinguishing or arc-ignition state. Based on the determination result, it controls the electromagnetic simulation circuit to simulate the arc state of the disconnector, achieving closed-loop simulation of the alternating arc-extinguishing state of the disconnector. This module can seamlessly integrate with the external circuit equivalent model of mainstream electromagnetic transient simulation software, fully reproducing the energy redistribution mechanism and high-frequency transient characteristics during the generation process of VFTO (Very Fast Transient Overvoltage).

[0079] In another preferred embodiment, a control module is provided in the dynamic arc simulation unit, such as... Figure 4 As shown in (a) and 4(b), Figure 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the control module in the electromagnetic simulation circuit. Figure 4 (b) is a schematic diagram of the control module, in which Figure 4 (a) It needs to be connected to the simulation main circuit to obtain the current and voltage values ​​required during the transient process of switching the disconnecting switch in real time. Figure 4 (b) is the custom control module in this embodiment, i.e. Figure 4 In (b), the chopping reignition sets the arc ignition and arc extinction criteria within each simulation step time. The control module then uses the acquired current passing through the isolating switch to determine these criteria. The voltage difference across the disconnector switch It determines whether the arc is ignited or extinguished, and outputs a control signal based on the determination result. Used to control the state of the disconnector switch DS in real time, control signal The value is 0 or 1, and the control signal is set to 1 when the reignition criterion is met. The output is 0, simulating the arc reignition process; when the arc extinction criterion is met, the control signal... The output is 1, simulating the arc extinction process.

[0080] By adjusting the subsequent simulation process based on the current state judgment results in real time, and by using a custom control module to derive output values ​​based on arc ignition and arc extinction criteria to control the state of the disconnector switch DS in real time, the simulation can be made closer to the actual working conditions of the disconnector switch. The simulation results can be continuously optimized and corrected, thereby more accurately simulating the dynamic process of arc ignition and arc extinction alternation of the disconnector switch, and improving the accuracy and reliability of the simulation.

[0081] like Figure 6 As shown in (a), the curves of the gap voltage and withstand voltage of the disconnecting switch are displayed. The intersection of the two curves represents the reignition point. Figure 6 (b) A schematic diagram of the real-time logic state of the disconnector switch within the study area, showing the control signals. When the output value is 1, it indicates that the arc of the disconnecting switch is in the extinguished state; control signal An output value of 0 indicates that the disconnector is in an arcing state. The voltage waveform on the power supply side of the disconnector is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (a). Before reignition, the disconnector is in the open state, and the voltage on the power supply side of the disconnector changes sinusoidally with the power supply. When reignition occurs, a VFTO pulse is generated, and the two are superimposed to form the waveform of the voltage on the power supply side of the disconnector. The voltage waveform on the load side of the disconnector is as follows. Figure 7 As shown in (b). Before the reignition occurred, the disconnector was in the open state, but there was residual voltage left over from the previous gap conduction on the load-side bus.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] Please see Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 100 for simulating the dynamic arc of a disconnecting switch considering the contact action process; the electronic device 100 includes a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.

[0084] The memory 101 can be used to store the computer program 103. The processor 102 implements the steps of the dynamic arc simulation of the isolating switch considering the contact action process described in Embodiment 1 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device 100 (such as audio data), etc. In addition, the memory 101 may include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.

[0085] The at least one processor 102 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100, connecting various parts of the electronic device 100 via various interfaces and lines.

[0086] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores multiple instructions to implement a dynamic arc simulation method for an isolating switch that considers the contact action process. The processor 102 can execute the multiple instructions to achieve the following:

[0087] A three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector switch is established based on the actual size parameters of the disconnector switch.

[0088] The three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector is put into the simulation software to simulate the movement process of the moving arc contact in the disconnector and obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector.

[0089] Construct an electromagnetic simulation circuit that considers the arc reignition process to simulate the dynamic arcing process of the disconnecting switch and obtain the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch. and the current of the disconnect switch Based on the voltage difference across the disconnector switch Current of the disconnect switch The dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch is used to determine the arc-extinguishing or arc-ignition state of the disconnecting switch. Based on the determination result, the arc state of the disconnecting switch is simulated to achieve closed-loop simulation of the alternating arc-extinguishing state of the disconnecting switch.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] If the modules / units integrated in the electronic device 100 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (ROM).

[0092] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0093] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0094] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0095] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0096] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A method of dynamic arc simulation of a disconnector taking into account contact motion, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: a three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector is established based on actual disconnector size parameters; Put the isolating switch three-dimensional geometric model into the simulation software, carry out multi-physical field simulation and electric field cycle simulation on the isolating switch, and obtain the breakdown voltage of the isolating switch under different movement distances of the moving arc starting contact and the movement speed of the moving arc starting contact, fit the voltage-distance function and the distance-time function of the isolating switch, further fit the voltage-time function of the isolating switch according to the voltage-distance function and the distance-time function of the isolating switch, and obtain the dielectric strength recovery curve of the isolating switch; An electromagnetic simulation circuit considering arc reignition process is constructed to simulate the dynamic arc burning process of the disconnecting switch and obtain the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch and the current of the disconnecting switch , judge the arc extinguishing or arc burning state of the disconnecting switch according to the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch , the current of the disconnecting switch and the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch, control the electromagnetic simulation circuit to simulate the arc state of the disconnecting switch according to the judgment result, and realize the closed-loop simulation of the arc burning-arc extinguishing alternating state of the disconnecting switch.

2. The dynamic arc simulation method of a disconnect switch considering contact motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector is established based on actual disconnector size parameters, specifically: a three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector in a 1:1 scale is established according to the size parameters of the actual disconnector, and the established three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector comprises the following structural features: a conductive blade assembly, a static contact, a grading ring device, and a moving arc starting contact, and the relative positions and connection modes of the conductive blade assembly, the static contact, the grading ring device, and the moving arc starting contact in the space are consistent with those of the actual disconnector.

3. The dynamic arc simulation method of a disconnect switch considering contact motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-physical field simulation and the electric field cycle simulation of the disconnector need to set copper conductor, polytetrafluoroethylene, and air as three media in the simulation software to perform the multi-physical field simulation and the electric field cycle simulation, and the space electric field formed by the copper conductor, the polytetrafluoroethylene, and the air in the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector needs to meet the following conditions: wherein : total current density comprising conduction current density and displacement current density, : volumetric density of current source, : imaginary number, : angular frequency, : electrical conductivity, : electric displacement vector, : electric field strength, : electric potential.

4. The method for dynamic arc simulation of a disconnector taking into account the contact motion according to claim 1, characterized in that The voltage difference across the disconnector The recovery process of the disconnector arc gap voltage can be characterized by the dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector, which is the breakdown voltage of the disconnector at different movement distances of the moving arc initiation contact as a function of time t Under the same time t conditions, the formula is satisfied: When the disconnector gap arc enters the arcing state.

5. A method of dynamic arc simulation of a disconnector taking into account the motion of the contacts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage difference across the disconnector The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, is the isolating switch power supply side voltage, is the isolating switch load side voltage.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the dynamic arc simulation of a disconnect switch considering contact motion is characterized by, According to the current of the disconnector The arc extinguishing state of the disconnector is judged, at time The product of the disconnector current At the previous Time and the current at the previous time Is less than 0, and the difference between the two is less than a constant Then it can be determined that the gap arc of the disconnector has entered the extinguishing stage.

7. A dynamic arc simulation system of a disconnecting switch considering contact motion, based on the dynamic arc simulation method of a disconnecting switch considering contact motion according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises a data acquisition unit, a model construction unit, a disconnector motion simulation unit, and a dynamic arc state simulation unit. The data acquisition unit is used to acquire size parameter data of an actual disconnector. The model construction unit is used to establish a three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector based on actual disconnector size parameters. The disconnector motion simulation unit is used to place the three-dimensional geometric model of the disconnector into simulation software to simulate the motion process of a moving arc starting contact in the disconnector and obtain a dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnector. A dynamic arc simulation unit is configured to build an electromagnetic simulation circuit considering an arc reignition process, obtain a voltage difference across the disconnecting switch and a current of the disconnecting switch , determine an arc extinguishing or arc burning state of the disconnecting switch according to the voltage difference across the disconnecting switch , the current of the disconnecting switch and a dielectric strength recovery curve of the disconnecting switch, and the dynamic arc simulation unit is provided with a control module configured to output a control signal to control the arc state of the disconnecting switch, so as to realize closed-loop simulation on the arc burning-arc extinguishing alternating state of the disconnecting switch. 8.An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein, The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the disconnector dynamic arc simulation method considering contact action in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the disconnector dynamic arc simulation method considering contact action in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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