Phase change energy storage-refrigeration coupled transformer cooling device and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of transformer cooling, and discloses a coupling phase change energy storage-refrigeration transformer cooling device and a working method thereof. In the transformer cooling device, an inlet of a condenser is communicated with an outlet of a compressor; an outlet of the condenser is communicated with a first inlet of the evaporator; a first outlet of the evaporator is communicated with an inlet of the compressor; a first inlet of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with a second outlet of the evaporator; a first outlet of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with a first inlet of the phase change energy storage box, a first outlet of the phase change energy storage box is communicated with a second inlet of the plate heat exchanger, and a second outlet of the plate heat exchanger is communicated with a second inlet of the evaporator; the second outlet of the phase change energy storage box communicates with the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger communicates with the second inlet of the phase change energy storage box. According to the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the utilization efficiency of energy can be improved, and the power utilization balance in a high-load period can be relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transformer cooling, and in particular relates to a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, existing transformer cooling solutions still primarily rely on traditional heat dissipation methods, relying on the transformer's own cooling structures, such as fins on the oil tank surface, to dissipate heat into the surrounding environment through natural convection. These traditional cooling solutions are relatively inefficient, and over time, the performance of the heat sinks gradually degrades, making them incapable of meeting the excessive heat dissipation requirements. Therefore, the development of a new transformer cooling device is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a transformer cooling device and operating method coupled with phase-change energy storage and refrigeration to address one or more of the aforementioned technical issues. The disclosed technical solution addresses the low heat dissipation efficiency of conventional transformer cooling solutions. The coupled phase-change energy storage system improves energy efficiency and alleviates power consumption imbalances during periods of high load.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration, comprising: a condenser, a compressor, an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a phase change energy storage box and a plate heat exchanger; wherein, The inlet of the condenser is connected to the outlet of the compressor; the outlet of the condenser is connected to the first inlet of the evaporator, and a throttling and pressure reduction device is provided on the connecting pipe between the two; the first outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the compressor; The first inlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the second outlet of the evaporator, and a switch valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the two; the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet of the phase change energy storage box, the first outlet of the phase change energy storage box is connected to the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger, and the second outlet of the plate heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the evaporator; the second outlet of the phase change energy storage box is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the phase change energy storage box; The phase change energy storage box is used to fill circulating cooling water and place phase change cold storage materials in a packaged form.

[0005] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the throttling and pressure reduction device is a capillary tube; wherein, the capillary tube is arranged on one end of the connecting pipe between the outlet of the condenser and the first inlet of the evaporator close to the evaporator.

[0006] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a wet film is provided in both the condenser and the evaporator.

[0007] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a first fan is provided at the condenser, and a second fan is provided at the evaporator.

[0008] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the switch valve is specifically a solenoid valve.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a circulating water pump is provided on the communicating pipe between the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger and the first inlet of the phase change energy storage tank; and a cooling water circulating pump is provided on the communicating pipe between the second outlet of the phase change energy storage tank and the first inlet of the heat exchanger.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a working method of a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration, which adopts a direct cooling mode, including: the switch valve is closed; the compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and transports it to the condenser for cooling; the condenser outputs the cooled medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which is throttled and reduced in pressure by a throttling and pressure-reducing device to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture; the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture is transported to the evaporator, absorbs heat from the air through the evaporator and becomes gaseous, and the gaseous refrigerant is returned to the compressor, and the air after releasing heat is used to cool the transformer.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that an energy storage mode is adopted, including: the switch valve is opened; the cold energy is discharged from the second outlet of the evaporator and transported to the plate heat exchanger through the first inlet of the plate heat exchanger; in the plate heat exchanger, the cold energy is transferred to the cooling water, and the cold air that completes the heat exchange is discharged from the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger and then returns to the evaporator through the second inlet of the evaporator; the cooling water in the phase change energy storage tank flows out from the first outlet of the phase change energy storage tank, enters the plate heat exchanger from the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger through the connecting pipe, flows out from the second outlet of the plate heat exchanger after completing the heat exchange, returns to the phase change energy storage tank from the first inlet of the phase change energy storage tank and transfers the cold energy to the phase change material, thereby completing energy storage.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a cooling mode of the phase change energy storage box is adopted, including: the switch valve is closed; the cooling water in the phase change energy storage box flows out from the second outlet of the phase change energy storage box, enters the heat exchanger through the first inlet of the heat exchanger, and exchanges heat with the air; the cold air after heat exchange is used to cool the transformer; the cooling water after heat exchange flows out from the first outlet of the heat exchanger, and then returns to the phase change energy storage box through the second inlet of the phase change energy storage box, completing cooling.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that, during the period of flat electricity and cooling consumption, a direct cooling mode is adopted; during the period of low electricity and cooling consumption, an energy storage mode is adopted; during the period of peak electricity and cooling consumption, a phase change energy storage box cooling mode is adopted; Among them, when all or part of the refrigeration equipment in the cooling area is turned on and the operating power meets the preset threshold range to meet the cooling load demand, it is in the stable period of electricity and cooling consumption; when all the refrigeration equipment in the cooling area stops running or the number of turned-on refrigeration equipment and the operating power are both below the preset threshold, it is in the low-peak period of electricity and cooling consumption; when all the refrigeration equipment in the cooling area is turned on and the operating power is at maximum power to meet the cooling load demand, it is in the peak period of electricity and cooling consumption.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In response to the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency in existing traditional transformer cooling devices, the present invention specifically discloses a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration, which successfully realizes the transfer of cold capacity by combining phase change cold storage with refrigeration technology. While enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the transformer, it alleviates the problem of excessive load on the power grid during peak hours of electricity consumption. To further explain specifically, in the process of combining cold storage and refrigeration, the technical solution of the present invention adopts a method of externally connecting a phase change energy storage box at the evaporator. On the one hand, the capacity of the energy storage box can be adjusted at will according to the application scenario. On the other hand, it shares the same air outlet with the refrigeration system, and can use the same air outlet for air supply and cooling in various operating modes, thereby simplifying the redundant components in the device. In summary, the technical solution of the present invention cools the transformer by outputting cold air through the evaporator, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency. In addition, the coupling with the phase change energy storage box enhances the flexibility of use and scene adaptability, and can alleviate the balance of electricity consumption during high-load periods. In the technical solution of the present invention, water is used as the medium for storing and releasing cold in the phase change energy storage box, and the energy storage material is directly encapsulated and placed in the water-storing phase change energy storage box. This design simplifies the internal structure of the energy storage box and the required amount of material in the energy storage box can be adjusted at any time according to needs.

[0015] During the operation of the device of the present invention, it has multiple operating modes. It can cool the phase change material and store cold energy when the transformer is under low load, and release the cold energy to assist in heat dissipation when the heat is generated under high load, thereby realizing the temporal and spatial transfer and precise regulation of cold energy, improving the power grid's control ability over the load, improving energy utilization efficiency, and meeting the cooling needs of multiple scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below; obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of a first operating mode of a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 2 is a schematic diagram of a second operating mode of a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 2 is a schematic diagram of a third operating mode of a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration in an embodiment of the present invention; The explanations of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. First fan; 2. Condenser; 3. Second fan; 4. Compressor; 5. Evaporator; 6. Capillary tube; 7. Solenoid valve; 8. Heat exchanger; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Cooling water circulation pump; 11. Phase change energy storage tank; 12. Plate heat exchanger; 13. Circulating water pump; 14. Water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments and technical solutions are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0019] All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the technical solutions disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0020] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration, comprising: a condenser 2, a compressor 4, an evaporator 5, a heat exchanger 8, a phase change energy storage box 11 and a plate heat exchanger 12; wherein, The condenser 2, the compressor 4, the evaporator 5 and the capillary tube 6 constitute a refrigeration system; wherein, the outlet of the compressor 4 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 2 through a pipe, and the outlet of the condenser 2 is connected to the first inlet of the evaporator 5 through a pipe, and the end of the pipe close to the evaporator 5 is set as a capillary tube 6 (in the specific exemplary technical solution, a capillary tube of a preset length is set at a preset position as a throttling and pressure reduction device), and the first outlet of the evaporator 5 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 4 by a pipe, and together constitute a refrigeration system. In a further preferred technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, a wet film is further provided in the condenser 2 and the evaporator 5; in addition, the condenser 2 is equipped with a first fan 1. When the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, the first fan is used to perform air-cooling heat exchange with the outside air to accelerate the cooling of the refrigerant; in addition, the wet film is used for air humidification and preliminary cooling. The wet film in the condenser can perform preliminary cooling of the refrigerant through the water with lower temperature in the wet film when the condenser is air-cooled. The wet film in the evaporator can absorb water droplets formed on the surface of the evaporator when the water vapor is cooled, and moisten the air when the fan blows out cold air to complete air humidification. In an embodiment of the present invention, a refrigerant is provided in the refrigeration system. A compressor 4 is used to compress the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous state, providing power for the refrigerant circulation. A condenser 2 is used to cool and liquefy the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. A capillary tube 6 is used to throttle and reduce the pressure of the high-pressure liquid refrigerant. An evaporator 5 is used to rapidly vaporize the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant, absorbing heat from the surrounding air to achieve refrigeration. The heat-released air is used to exchange heat with the transformer to achieve transformer cooling and heat dissipation. In a further preferred technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, a second fan 3 is provided at the evaporator 5 to accelerate air circulation at the evaporator 5. When the refrigerant vaporizes at the evaporator 5, a large amount of cold air is generated around the evaporator 5. The second fan 3 can blow the cold air out for cooling.

[0021] The heat exchanger 8, the phase change energy storage tank 11 and the plate heat exchanger 12 constitute an energy storage system; wherein, the first inlet of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to the second outlet of the evaporator 5, and a valve is provided on the connecting pipe, which can be a solenoid valve 7; the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to the first inlet of the phase change energy storage tank 11 through the circulating water pump 13, and the first outlet of the phase change energy storage tank 11 is connected to the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger 12; the second outlet of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to the second inlet of the evaporator 5; the second outlet of the phase change energy storage tank 11 is connected to the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger 12 It is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchanger 8 through the cooling water circulation pump 10, and the first outlet of the heat exchanger 8 is connected to the second inlet of the phase change energy storage tank 11; in addition, the preferred technical solution is also provided with a water tank 14, which is connected to the third inlet of the phase change energy storage tank 11, and together constitutes the energy storage part; explanatoryally, the heat exchanger 8 and the plate heat exchanger 12 are used to realize the cold energy exchange between the evaporator 5 and the cooling water, the cooling water circulation pump 10 and the circulating water pump 13 drive the cooling water to flow, the phase change energy storage tank 11 stores and releases cold energy, and the water tank 14 replenishes the cooling water lost in the energy storage system.

[0022] In a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a wet film is added to both the condenser and the evaporator. When hot air passes through the wet film, water evaporates and absorbs heat, lowering the air temperature and increasing humidity. This accelerates the cooling and heat exchange rate of the condenser and improves the cooling efficiency of the evaporator. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an energy storage system is added to the refrigeration equipment, enabling real-time control and flexible allocation of cooling energy.

[0023] In the exemplary technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, temperature sensors 9 are provided at both the evaporator 5 and the phase change energy storage box 11 to monitor the output temperature and the temperature in the energy storage box during the storage of the phase change material at any time, and can be adjusted at any time according to the real-time temperature. To further illustrate the specific example, the temperature sensor at the evaporator can monitor the temperature at the evaporator in real time, that is, the outlet temperature can be accurately monitored. When the outlet temperature cannot meet the cooling demand of the transformer, the cooling temperature can be reduced by increasing the power of the refrigeration system to meet the cooling demand of the transformer. The temperature sensor in the phase change energy storage box can monitor the internal temperature of the energy storage box. The temperature monitored by the sensor can be used to roughly determine whether the phase change material is in a solidified or melted state. When the temperature in the energy storage box is higher than the phase change point of the phase change material, it is roughly in a melted state, and vice versa. In addition, when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change energy storage material, the cooling power of the refrigeration system can be increased in time to ensure that the energy storage process proceeds normally. Furthermore, by comparing the temperature changes detected by the two temperature sensors, the heat exchanger, plate heat exchanger, and intermediate pipelines in the energy storage system can be troubleshooted. If the temperature difference between the two temperature sensors is too large, a preliminary diagnosis of a fault in the energy storage system can be made. In another specific exemplary technical solution, the phase change energy storage tank is filled with water, and rod-shaped phase change cold storage materials are placed in the water. The cooling water circulates in the phase change energy storage tank, achieving cold energy circulation and ultimately the storage and release of cold energy.

[0024] Specifically, the transformer cooling device coupled with phase-change energy storage and refrigeration provided by the present invention incorporates a phase-change energy storage system into traditional refrigeration technology. A heat exchanger is added to the evaporator of the refrigeration system to transfer the cooling energy generated by the refrigeration system to cooling water. As the cooling water flows through the energy storage tank, the cooling energy is absorbed and stored by the cold storage material. This coupling of phase-change cold storage and refrigeration minimizes cooling energy loss and reduces energy loss efficiency. Furthermore, the structural design within the energy storage tank is relatively simple. The energy storage material, packaged in 200g packages, is placed directly into the water-filled energy storage tank. The required amount of material in the energy storage tank can be adjusted at any time based on demand, thereby improving the complex design and high manufacturing costs of traditional energy storage tanks. The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration provided by the present invention can cool the phase change material and store cold energy when the transformer is under low load, and release the cold energy to assist in heat dissipation when the heat is generated under high load. This solves the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of traditional transformers and realizes flexible conversion of energy during peak cooling periods, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency and providing strong support for building a greener and more efficient power system.

[0025] The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration provided in an embodiment of the present invention can also be equipped with movable rollers at the bottom of the device, making it a movable external cooling device. This allows for flexible adjustment at any time during use, enabling rapid adaptation to transformers in different locations. Compared to fixed cooling devices, this device is no longer restricted to a fixed installation location, significantly improving its practical utilization. It can fully utilize its cooling efficiency in complex and changing power operating environments, providing more efficient and flexible heat dissipation for the stable operation of the transformer.

[0026] In the preferred technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the refrigeration system includes a wet film, a condenser, a fan, a compressor, an evaporator and a capillary tube, etc.; wherein, the compressor compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and sends it to the condenser for cooling. After cooling, it becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which is throttled and reduced in pressure by the capillary tube to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. It absorbs heat from the air and vaporizes through the evaporator to become a gas. During the vaporization process, the refrigerant absorbs a large amount of heat, and the environment around the evaporator quickly becomes cold. The fan blows out the cold air to complete the refrigeration; then the refrigerant returns to the compressor to continue compression, and continues to circulate for refrigeration.

[0027] In the preferred technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage part includes a solenoid valve, a heat exchanger, a cooling water circulation pump, a phase change energy storage box, a plate heat exchanger, a circulating water pump and a water tank, etc.; wherein, during the cold storage process, the solenoid valve is opened, and the cold energy generated by the refrigeration system is replaced by the cooling water through the plate heat exchanger, and the cooling water is driven by the circulating water pump to flow to the phase change energy storage tank, and the cold energy is stored in the phase change cold storage material, and continuously circulated through the cooling chamber to complete the cold energy storage; in addition, during the cooling process, the cooling water circulation pump drives the cooling water in the phase change energy storage tank to flow, and the cold energy is replaced by the heat exchanger, and then the cold air is blown out by the fan to complete the cold energy release; the water tank is used to replenish the cooling water loss in the energy storage system.

[0028] See also Figures 3 to 5 The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration provided in the embodiment of the present invention has three operating modes, including: The first is the direct cooling mode of the refrigeration system, which operates collaboratively with the wet film, condenser, fan, compressor, evaporator, and capillary tube. In direct cooling mode, the system focuses solely on the cooling process. The compressor compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which is then cooled and liquefied by the condenser. It then passes through the capillary tube to become a low-pressure liquid, ultimately absorbing heat in the evaporator, cooling the surrounding air and directly providing cooling to the space in need. At this point, the phase change energy storage tank, heat exchanger, and water pump in the energy storage component are in standby or low-power mode and do not participate in cooling. The system fully ensures that cooling needs are met immediately.

[0029] The second is the phase change energy storage system in storage mode. This system comprises a wet film, condenser, fan, compressor, evaporator, capillary tube, solenoid valve, temperature sensor, phase change energy storage tank, plate heat exchanger, circulating water pump, and water tank, all working in tandem. When the system switches to storage mode, excess cooling capacity is fully utilized. The low-temperature refrigerant produced by the evaporator exchanges heat with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage tank via the plate heat exchanger. The circulating water pump circulates the water in the water tank, accelerating the transfer of cooling capacity. As cooling capacity is continuously input, the phase change material cools, transforming from liquid to solid, storing the cooling capacity as latent heat for later use. During this time, the cooling capacity generated by the refrigeration system is not directly used for cooling.

[0030] The third mode is the phase-change energy storage tank cooling mode, which operates in tandem with the fan, heat exchanger, cooling water circulation pump, phase-change energy storage tank, and water tank. In the energy storage tank cooling mode, the cold energy previously stored in the phase-change energy storage tank is released. The cooling water circulation pump drives the stored cold water through the system. The cooling water exchanges heat with the area requiring cooling through the heat exchanger, transferring the cold energy to meet the cooling demand. At this point, the refrigeration system can be shut down or operated at low load, depending on the actual situation, fully utilizing the previously stored cold energy, improving energy efficiency, and reducing operating costs.

[0031] These three operating modes can adapt to the cooling demand in different scenarios and at different times. In the period when electricity and cooling consumption are relatively slow, the direct cooling mode can be used, the solenoid valve is closed, and the refrigeration system operates normally. The gaseous refrigerant enters the compressor through the compressor inlet and is compressed by the compressor into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. It enters the connected condenser inlet from the compressor outlet. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is cooled to a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid in the condenser, and then flows out from the condenser outlet into the capillary throttling and depressurization to a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. The refrigerant of the gas-liquid mixture enters the inside of the evaporator from the first inlet of the evaporator, absorbs heat from the air and vaporizes into a gas in the evaporator. The refrigerant absorbs a large amount of heat during the vaporization process, and the environment around the evaporator quickly cools down. The fan outputs the cold air directly for transformer cooling, completing the direct cooling process. The gaseous refrigerant in the evaporator is then The air from the first outlet of the evaporator enters the inlet of the compressor to continue the compression process, forming a refrigeration cycle; during the low-peak period of electricity and cooling consumption, the energy storage mode is used, and the cold energy can be stored through the energy storage box. The solenoid valve is opened, and the circulating water pump is turned on. The cold energy generated by the refrigeration system is discharged from the second outlet of the evaporator and transported to the plate heat exchanger through the first inlet of the plate heat exchanger. In the plate heat exchanger, the cold energy is transferred to the cooling water. The cold air that has completed the heat exchange is discharged from the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger and then returns to the evaporator through the second inlet of the evaporator; the cooling water in the phase change energy storage box flows out from the first outlet of the energy storage box, enters the plate heat exchanger from the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger through the connected pipe, and flows out from the second outlet of the plate heat exchanger after the heat exchange is completed. The circulating water pump drives the cooling water to circulate, and the cooling water returns to the energy storage box from the first inlet of the phase change energy storage box to transfer the cold energy to the phase change material for energy storage. During peak electricity and cooling periods, the phase-change energy storage tank uses the cooling mode to release the stored cold. The solenoid valve closes, shutting off the circulating water pump and turning on the cooling water circulation pump. The refrigeration system is not turned on and is in standby mode. Cooling water in the phase-change energy storage tank flows out of the second outlet of the energy storage tank. The cooling water circulation pump drives this water through the first inlet of the heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with the air. The fan blows out the cold air, completing the cooling process of the cold storage tank. After the heat exchange, the cooling water temperature rises, flows out of the first outlet of the heat exchanger, and then returns to the energy storage tank through the pipeline at the second inlet, completing the cooling cycle. By switching between these three modes, the transfer of electrical energy to cooling energy can be achieved, balancing peak and valley loads and alleviating the contradiction between electricity supply and demand.

[0032] In the technical solutions of the specific examples of the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 3In the first operating mode, compressor 4 compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas and sends it to condenser 2 for cooling. After cooling, it becomes a medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. This liquid is then throttled and reduced in pressure by capillary tube 6 to form a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid mixture. This mixture then passes through evaporator 5, absorbing heat from the air and vaporizing into a gaseous state. The refrigerant absorbs a large amount of heat during this vaporization process, rapidly cooling the environment around evaporator 5. The fan then outputs the cold air directly to cool the transformer, completing the refrigeration process. The refrigerant then returns to compressor 4 for further compression, continuing the cooling cycle.

[0033] In the technical solutions of the specific examples of the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4 In the second operating mode, the cold energy generated by the first operating mode of the above embodiment is not directly output through the fan, but the solenoid valve 7 is opened, and the cold energy is replaced into the cooling water through the plate heat exchanger 12. The cooling water is driven by the circulating water pump 13 to flow to the phase change energy storage tank 11, and the cold energy is stored in the phase change cold storage material. It is continuously circulated through the cooling chamber to complete the cold energy storage.

[0034] In the technical solutions of the specific examples of the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 5 In the third operating mode, the cold energy stored in the second operating mode of the above embodiment begins to release cold energy when it reaches the phase change temperature of the cold storage material. At this time, the refrigeration system is turned off, and the chilled water in the phase change energy storage tank 11 is cooled. The chilled water is driven by the chilled water circulation pump to circulate to the heat exchanger 8, and the cold energy is exchanged with the air around the fan. The fan outputs cold air for cooling the transformer.

[0035] In summary, in the technical solution disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, the refrigeration system is mainly composed of a compressor, a condenser, a capillary tube, an evaporator, etc., which provide the refrigeration function of the entire device; the energy storage part is mainly composed of a phase change energy storage tank, a cooling water pump, a plate heat exchanger, etc., which can store or release cold energy as needed. The cooling device design of the present invention is coupled with phase change energy storage, which can store the prepared cold energy in the device and release it when needed, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency. It has a wide range of applications in the field of cooling medium-sized equipment such as transformers and industrial boilers.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration, characterized in that: include: Condenser (2), compressor (4), evaporator (5), heat exchanger (8), phase change energy storage tank (11) and plate heat exchanger (12); wherein, The inlet of the condenser (2) is connected to the outlet of the compressor (4); the outlet of the condenser (2) is connected to the first inlet of the evaporator (5), and a throttling and pressure-reducing device is provided on the connecting pipe between the two; the first outlet of the evaporator (5) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (4); The first inlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) is connected to the second outlet of the evaporator (5), and a switch valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the two; the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) is connected to the first inlet of the phase change energy storage box (11), the first outlet of the phase change energy storage box (11) is connected to the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger (12), and the second outlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) is connected to the second inlet of the evaporator (5); the second outlet of the phase change energy storage box (11) is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchanger (8), and the first outlet of the heat exchanger (8) is connected to the second inlet of the phase change energy storage box (11); The phase change energy storage box (11) is used to be filled with circulating cooling water and to place the phase change cold storage material in a packaged form.

2. A transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The throttling and pressure-reducing device is a capillary tube (6); wherein the capillary tube (6) is arranged on one end of the communication pipe between the outlet of the condenser (2) and the first inlet of the evaporator (5) close to the evaporator (5).

3. The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wet film is provided in both the condenser (2) and the evaporator (5).

4. The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condenser (2) is provided with a first fan (1), and the evaporator (5) is provided with a second fan (3).

5. The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch valve is specifically a solenoid valve (7).

6. The transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circulating water pump (13) is provided on the communicating pipe between the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) and the first inlet of the phase change energy storage tank (11); and a cooling water circulating pump (10) is provided on the communicating pipe between the second outlet of the phase change energy storage tank (11) and the first inlet of the heat exchanger (8).

7. A method for operating the transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A direct cooling mode is adopted, including: the switch valve is closed; the compressor (4) compresses the gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state, and transports it to the condenser (2) for cooling; the condenser (2) outputs the cooled medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which is throttled and depressurized by a throttling and depressurizing device to obtain a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture; the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture is transported to the evaporator (5), absorbs heat from the air through the evaporator (5) and becomes gaseous; the gaseous refrigerant is returned to the compressor (4), and the air after releasing heat is used to cool the transformer.

8. The operating method of the transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy storage mode is adopted, including: the switch valve is opened; cold energy is discharged from the second outlet of the evaporator (5) and transported to the plate heat exchanger (12) through the first inlet of the plate heat exchanger (12); in the plate heat exchanger (12), the cold energy is transferred to the cooling water, and the cold air that completes the heat exchange is discharged from the first outlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) and then returns to the evaporator (5) through the second inlet of the evaporator (5); the cooling water in the phase change energy storage tank (11) flows out from the first outlet of the phase change energy storage tank (11), enters the plate heat exchanger (12) from the second inlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) through the connecting pipe, flows out from the second outlet of the plate heat exchanger (12) after completing the heat exchange, returns to the phase change energy storage tank (11) from the first inlet and transfers the cold energy to the phase change material, completing the energy storage.

9. The operating method of the transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The phase change energy storage box cooling mode is adopted, comprising: the switch valve is closed; the cooling water in the phase change energy storage box (11) flows out from the second outlet of the phase change energy storage box (11), enters the heat exchanger (8) through the first inlet of the heat exchanger (8), and exchanges heat with the air; the cold air after heat exchange is used to cool the transformer; the cooling water after heat exchange flows out from the first outlet of the heat exchanger (8), and then returns to the phase change energy storage box (11) through the second inlet of the phase change energy storage box (11), completing cooling.

10. The operating method of the transformer cooling device coupled with phase change energy storage and refrigeration according to claim 9, characterized in that: During the period of stable electricity and cooling consumption, direct cooling mode is adopted; during the period of low electricity and cooling consumption, energy storage mode is adopted; during the period of peak electricity and cooling consumption, phase change energy storage box cooling mode is adopted; Among them, when all or part of the refrigeration equipment in the cooling area is turned on and the operating power meets the preset threshold range to meet the cooling load demand, it is in the stable period of electricity and cooling consumption; when all the refrigeration equipment in the cooling area stops running or the number of turned-on refrigeration equipment and the operating power are both below the preset threshold, it is in the low-peak period of electricity and cooling consumption; when all the refrigeration equipment in the cooling area is turned on and the operating power is at maximum power to meet the cooling load demand, it is in the peak period of electricity and cooling consumption.

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