Automatic temperature control system for combined hydrogen and power supply

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen and electricity combined supply automatic temperature control system which comprises a fuel cell module, a first water supply pipeline and a first temperature control module, the first temperature control module comprises a first temperature control main body and a first valve clack, and a first cooling water flow channel, a second cooling water flow channel, a heat flow channel, a first moving channel and a first phase change cavity are arranged in the first temperature control main body; the first valve clack is driven by the phase change material to move in the first moving channel, the temperature change of the fuel cell module can be directly reflected to the volume change of the phase change material, and the first valve clack moves along with the volume change of the phase change material during expansion and contraction, so that the opening degree of the first cooling water runner and the opening degree of the second cooling water runner are changed; and the temperature control system does not need to introduce complex instruments, electronic components and the like, so that the structure of the whole system is simplified and is not influenced by external signal interference, and the stability and the reliability of the temperature control system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell temperature control, and in particular to an automatic temperature control system for hydrogen and electricity cogeneration. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange electrolysis (PEM) hydrogen production technology, with its advantages of excellent dynamic response and high electrolysis efficiency, has been widely adopted as one of the mainstream green hydrogen production technologies. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), with their high power density and rapid startup response, are widely used in hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen-powered ships, mobile emergency power supplies, and other scenarios. Hydrogen-electricity cogeneration systems based on PEM and PEMFC technologies enable flexible conversion between green hydrogen and green electricity, and have important practical applications in addressing power curtailment from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, addressing grid energy storage peak-shaving needs, and in the construction of micro-energy storage systems and microgrids.

[0003] Operating temperature is a key factor affecting the efficiency, service life, and safety of PEM and PEMFC. Temperature control requires real-time adjustment of the cooling device's cooling power. Traditionally, complex temperature sensors monitor the internal temperature of the battery stack in real time and provide feedback to the central processing unit, which then controls the cooling device's power based on the monitored values to achieve temperature control. However, this method requires the use of a complex instrumentation and control system, which is costly and easily affected by external signal interference. Consequently, temperature control stability and reliability are poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an automatic temperature control system for hydrogen and power cogeneration, which can simplify the temperature control system and has high temperature control stability and reliability.

[0005] The automatic temperature control system for hydrogen and power cogeneration according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: A fuel cell module having a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet; A first water supply pipeline is used to provide cooling water; A first temperature control module includes a first temperature control body and a first valve flap. The first temperature control body is provided with a first cooling water flow channel, a second cooling water flow channel, a hot flow channel, a first movable channel and a first phase change cavity. The inner diameter of a portion of the first cooling water flow channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water flow channel, and the first cooling water flow channel is located above the second cooling water flow channel. One end of the first cooling water flow channel and the second cooling water flow channel are both connected to the first water supply pipeline, and the other end is both connected to the cooling water inlet. The hot flow channel is connected to the cooling water outlet. The hot flow channel is arranged adjacent to the first phase change cavity. The first phase change cavity is filled with a phase change material. The first movable channel extends vertically and sequentially connects the first cooling water flow channel, the second cooling water flow channel and the first phase change cavity. The first valve flap is slidably arranged in the first movable channel. The first valve flap is configured to move in the first movable channel under the drive of the phase change material and change the opening of the first cooling water flow channel and the second cooling water flow channel.

[0006] The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, the temperature change of the fuel cell module can directly reflect the volume change of the phase change material. The first valve flap moves following the volume change of the phase change material during expansion and contraction, thereby changing the opening of the first cooling water channel and the second cooling water channel to adjust the cooling power. The flow rate of cooling water is adapted to the current amount of cooling water required by the fuel cell module, so that the fuel cell module can operate stably. The temperature control system does not need to introduce complex instruments, electronic components, etc., so that the structure of the entire system is simplified and is not affected by external signal interference, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the temperature control system.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first cooling water flow channel includes a bypass branch, a water inlet branch and a cooling branch, the cooling branch is connected to the cooling water inlet, and one end of the bypass branch and the cooling branch are both connected to the first water supply pipeline through the water inlet branch.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the water inlet branch has the same inner diameter as the second cooling water flow channel, and the inner diameter of the cooling branch is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water flow channel; And / or, the inner diameters of the water inlet branch and the second cooling water flow channel are not smaller than the inner diameter of the hot flow channel.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first temperature control module also includes a second valve flap and a second push rod, the first temperature control body also has a second movable channel extending vertically, the second movable channel is connected to the cooling branch, the second valve flap is slidably arranged in the second movable channel, one end of the second push rod is connected to the second valve flap, and the other end is connected to the first valve flap, the second valve flap can move synchronously with the first valve flap and change the opening of the cooling branch.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first temperature control module has a first cooling state and a second cooling state, and the first temperature control module is configured as follows: when in the first cooling state, the first valve flap is away from the bottom end of the first movable channel, the second valve flap is located at the bottom end of the second movable channel, and the cooling branch and the second cooling water channel are both connected to the first water supply pipeline; when in the second cooling state, the first valve flap moves to the top of the first movable channel and closes the water inlet branch, and the second valve flap moves to the top of the second movable channel and closes the cooling branch.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first temperature control module also includes a first push rod, and the interior of the first temperature control body is also provided with a first push chamber extending vertically, the upper end of the first push chamber is connected to the first moving channel, and the lower end of the first push chamber is connected to the first phase change chamber, the first push rod is slidably connected in the first push chamber, and the upper end of the first push rod is connected to the first valve flap, and the inner diameter of the first push chamber is smaller than the inner diameter of the first moving channel.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a movable cavity is provided inside the first temperature control body, part of the second push rod is slidably connected to the movable cavity, and the first pushing cavity and the second movable channel are both connected to the movable cavity.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hot flow channel surrounds the circumference of the first phase change cavity; Alternatively, the first phase change cavity surrounds the circumference of the hot flow channel.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system also includes a hydrogen production module and a second water supply pipeline. The hydrogen production module has a hydrogen production raw water inlet. One end of the second water supply pipeline is connected to the hot flow channel, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen production raw water inlet.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the hydrogen production module also has a hydrogen outlet, and the hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system also includes a second temperature control module and a third water supply pipeline. The second temperature control module includes a second temperature control body and a third valve flap. The interior of the second temperature control body is provided with a third cooling water flow channel, a hot air flow channel, a second phase change cavity and a third movable channel. One end of the third water supply pipeline is connected to the second water supply pipeline, and the other end is connected to the third cooling water flow channel. The third movable channel connects the third cooling water flow channel and the second phase change cavity. The third valve flap is slidably arranged in the third movable channel. The second phase change cavity is filled with phase change material. The second phase change cavity is arranged adjacent to the hot air flow channel. The hot air flow channel is connected to the hydrogen outlet. The third valve flap is configured to: be driven by the phase change material in the second phase change cavity to move in the third movable channel and change the opening of the third cooling water flow channel.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the automatic temperature control system for hydrogen and power cogeneration of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a first temperature control module; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a first temperature control module; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first temperature control module in another direction; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the coordination between the first phase change chamber and the hot flow channel according to an embodiment; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the coordination between the first phase change chamber and the hot flow channel according to another embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the first push rod and the second push rod in the first temperature control body according to an embodiment; Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a second temperature control module.

[0018] Reference numerals: Fuel cell module 100, cooling water inlet 110, cooling water outlet 120; first water supply pipeline 200; first temperature control module 300, first temperature control body 310, first moving channel 311, first phase change chamber 312, first push chamber 313, second moving channel 314, moving chamber 315, vertical section 3151, horizontal section 3152, first valve flap 320, first cooling water flow channel 330, bypass branch 331, water inlet branch 332, cooling branch 333, second cooling water flow channel 340, hot flow channel 350, first push rod 360, second valve flap 370, first Second push rod 380, first section 381, second section 382; cooling water tank 400; water supply pump 510, filter 520, water quality detector 530; hydrogen production module 600, hydrogen production raw water inlet 610, hydrogen outlet 620; second water supply pipeline 700; supply pipeline 800; second temperature control module 900, second temperature control body 910, third cooling water flow channel 911, hot air flow channel 912, second phase change chamber 913, third moving channel 914, third pushing chamber 915, third valve disc 920, third push rod 930; third water supply pipeline 1000; check valve 1010. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "plurality" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the exemplary expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0024] Conventional technology controls the temperature of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) by adjusting the cooling power of the PEMFC's cooling device. This method requires the installation of complex temperature sensing elements to monitor the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack in real time and provide feedback to the central processing unit. The central processing unit then controls the power of the cooling device based on the monitored value to achieve temperature control. Due to the need for a complex instrumentation and control system, the cost is high and it is easily affected by external signals. As a result, the temperature control stability and reliability are poor.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 Embodiments of the present invention provide an automatic temperature control system for hydrogen-electricity cogeneration (hereinafter referred to as the temperature control system). The temperature control system includes a fuel cell module 100, a first water supply pipeline 200, and a first temperature control module 300. The fuel cell module 100 can be configured as a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), an alkaline fuel cell (AFC), or other fuel cell. PEMFCs and AFCs operate at temperatures between 60°C and 100°C, and their performance is significantly affected by high temperatures, requiring cooling measures to maintain the operating temperature within an appropriate range. The first water supply pipeline 200 provides cooling water. The first temperature control module 300 receives the cooling water from the first water supply pipeline 200 and introduces it into the fuel cell module 100 to regulate the temperature of the fuel cell module 100.

[0026] Specifically, the fuel cell module 100 has a cooling water inlet 110 and a cooling water outlet 120. The cooling water enters the fuel cell module 100 through the cooling water inlet 110, exchanges heat with the internal heat of the fuel cell module 100, and then flows out from the cooling water outlet 120 to cool the fuel cell module 100. Figure 2-Figure 5The first temperature control module 300 includes a first temperature control body 310 and a first valve flap 320. The interior of the first temperature control body 310 is provided with a first cooling water flow channel 330, a second cooling water flow channel 340, a hot flow channel 350, a first moving channel 311 and a first phase change chamber 312. The inner diameter of part of the first cooling water flow channel 330 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water flow channel 340. Therefore, a larger flow rate of cooling water can flow into the second cooling water flow channel 340 than the first cooling water flow channel 330. One end of the first cooling water flow channel 330 and the second cooling water flow channel 340 are both connected to the first water supply pipeline 200, and the other end is both connected to the cooling water inlet 110, so that the cooling water provided by the first water supply pipeline 200 can pass through the first cooling water flow channel 330 and the second cooling water flow channel 340 respectively, and enter the interior of the fuel cell module 100 through the cooling water inlet 110 for heat exchange. The hot flow channel 350 is connected to the cooling water outlet 120 . After the cooling water completes heat exchange inside the fuel cell module 100 , its temperature increases and it enters the hot flow channel 350 through the cooling water outlet 120 and is then discharged from the hot flow channel 350 .

[0027] The hot flow channel 350 is arranged adjacent to the first phase change cavity 312. The first phase change cavity 312 is filled with a phase change material. The cooling water in the hot flow channel 350 can transfer heat to the phase change material, causing the phase change material to undergo phase change and expansion. The phase change material can be set to RT60, RT70HC, RT82, RT100HC, etc. The phase change temperature of the above materials is between 60°C and 100°C, and has a volume expansion rate of 12.5%-15%. When the phase change material is heated and reaches the phase change temperature, the phase change material undergoes phase change and expands. The first cooling water channel 330 is located above the second cooling water channel 340, the first movable channel 311 extends vertically and connects the first cooling water channel 330, the second cooling water channel 340 and the first phase change chamber 312 in sequence, the first valve flap 320 is slidably set in the first movable channel 311, and the first valve flap 320 can enter the first cooling water channel 330 and the second cooling water channel 340 through the first movable channel 311, thereby adjusting the opening of the first cooling water channel 330 and the second cooling water channel 340.

[0028] During the initial startup phase of the fuel cell module 100, the temperature is slowly rising and the power is low. At this time, the fuel cell has a relatively small demand for cooling water. After the first temperature control module 300 is connected to the first water supply pipeline 200, the heat brought out by the cooling water is not enough to cause the phase change material to change. The first valve flap 320 is located at the lowest end of the first movable channel 311 under the action of gravity and closes the second cooling water flow channel 340. At this time, the cooling water enters the fuel cell module 100 through the cooling water inlet 110 along the first cooling water flow channel 330. After the cooling water exchanges heat inside the fuel cell module 100, it is discharged from the cooling water outlet 120 and flows into the hot flow channel 350. As the temperature of the fuel cell module 100 continues to rise, the cooling water flowing out of the cooling water outlet 120 The water temperature gradually rises. When the cooling water temperature is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, it means that the heat generated inside the fuel cell module 100 is large, and the cooling water flow rate needs to be increased for cooling. The phase change material in the first phase change cavity 312 changes phase and expands due to heat, pushing the first valve flap 320 to move upward, the opening of the second cooling water channel 340 gradually increases, and the opening of the first cooling water channel 330 gradually decreases. The cooling water enters the fuel cell module 100 along the second cooling water channel 340 for cooling. Since the inner diameter of the second cooling water channel 340 is larger than the inner diameter of part of the first cooling water channel 330, the upward movement of the first valve flap 320 increases the flow rate of cooling water and improves the cooling power to adapt to the high-power operating conditions of the fuel cell module 100. When the temperature of the fuel cell module 100 is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change material, the phase change material reverses phase change and contracts, the first valve flap 320 drops, and the opening of the second cooling water channel 340 decreases. The opening of the first cooling water channel 330 gradually increases to reduce the cooling water flow rate to adapt to the low power operating conditions of the fuel cell module 100.

[0029] Therefore, the temperature change of the fuel cell module 100 in the present invention can directly reflect the volume change of the phase change material. The first valve flap 320 moves following the volume change of the phase change material during expansion and contraction, thereby changing the opening of the first cooling water channel 330 and the second cooling water channel 340 to adjust the cooling power. The flow rate of cooling water is adapted to the current amount of cooling water required by the fuel cell module 100, so that the fuel cell module 100 can operate stably, and the temperature control system does not need to introduce complex instruments, electronic components, etc., so that the structure of the entire system is simplified and is not affected by external signal interference, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the temperature control system.

[0030] It should be noted that the comparison of the inner diameters between different flow channels in the present invention refers to the different amounts of cooling water that can flow into the two flow channels. Taking "the inner diameter of the first cooling water flow channel 330 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water flow channel 340" as an example, the cross-sectional area of the first cooling water flow channel 330 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second cooling water flow channel 340, and the amount of cooling water that can flow into the first cooling water flow channel 330 of the same length is smaller than the amount of cooling water that can flow into the second cooling water flow channel 340. On this basis, the present invention does not limit the cross-sectional shape and overall form of the first cooling water flow channel 330 and the second cooling water flow channel 340; for example, the cross-sections of the first cooling water flow channel 330 and the second cooling water flow channel 340 can be set to circular, rectangular, polygonal, etc., and the first cooling water flow channel 330 and the second cooling water flow channel 340 can extend along straight lines, curves, and broken lines.

[0031] The "opening" in the present invention refers to the flow area of the channel through which water can flow; taking the first cooling water channel 330 as an example, if the first valve flap 320 moves upward and enters the first cooling water channel 330, part of the cross-section of the first cooling water channel 330 is blocked by the first valve flap 320, and the water flow can only flow through the unblocked part, then the flow area through which the water flows is reduced, and the opening of the first cooling water channel 330 is reduced; conversely, if the first valve flap 320 moves downward and exits from the first cooling water channel 330, the flow area through which the water flows is increased, and the opening of the first cooling water channel 330 is increased.

[0032] It is understandable that the temperature control system also includes a cooling water tank 400, which is used to store cooling water. One end of the first water supply pipe 200 is connected to the cooling water tank 400, and the cooling water in the cooling water tank 400 is introduced into the first temperature control module 300 through the first water supply pipe 200. The temperature control system further includes a water supply pump 510, which is connected to the first water supply pipeline 200 and is used to provide power for the flow of cooling water. The temperature control system further includes a filter 520, which is connected to the first water supply pipeline 200 and is located upstream of the first temperature control module 300. The filter 520 is used to filter and intercept impurities in the cooling water. On the one hand, it prevents the cooling water from entering the fuel cell module 100 and causing corrosion and damage to the fuel cell module 100. On the other hand, it purifies the water used by equipment connected downstream of the first cooling water flow channel 330 to improve the purity of the water used by downstream equipment. In some embodiments, the temperature control system further includes a water quality detector 530, which is connected to the first water supply pipeline 200 and is located upstream of the first temperature control module 300 and downstream of the filter 520. The water quality detector 530 is used to detect the water quality of the cooling water, and in combination with the filter 520, improves the purity of the water entering the first temperature control module 300, the fuel cell module 100, and downstream equipment.

[0033] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 3 to 5 The first cooling water flow channel 330 includes a bypass branch 331, a water inlet branch 332 and a cooling branch 333, wherein one end of the bypass branch 331 and the cooling branch 333 are both connected to the first water supply pipeline 200 through the water inlet branch 332, and the cooling branch 333 is connected to the cooling water inlet 110, that is, the cooling water provided by the first water supply pipeline 200 can flow into the bypass branch 331 and the cooling branch 333 respectively through the water inlet branch 332, and the cooling water entering the cooling branch 333 further enters the fuel cell module 100 through the cooling water inlet 110, thereby cooling the fuel cell module 100. Temperature, the cooling water entering the bypass branch 331 can be introduced into the downstream equipment to provide working water for the downstream equipment, or returned to the cooling water tank 400 for recycling; in this way, the cooling water entering the water inlet branch 332 partially flows into the cooling branch 333, and partially flows into the bypass branch 331, realizing the diversion of the cooling water in the water inlet branch 332. On the one hand, a small flow water supply is realized in the cooling branch 333 to adapt to the low power working condition of the fuel cell module 100. On the other hand, the water diverted to the bypass branch 331 can be recycled again or applied to the downstream equipment, thereby improving the utilization rate of the cooling water.

[0034] It is understandable that the cooling water flowing out through the bypass branch 331 and the hot flow channel 350 can be introduced into the cooling water tank 400 for storage.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the bypass branch 331, the water inlet branch 332 and the cooling branch 333 are respectively arranged on different sides of the first temperature control body 310, that is, the bypass branch 331, the water inlet branch 332 and the cooling branch 333 are at a certain angle to each other; specifically, the water inlet branch 332 and the bypass branch 331 are arranged on opposite sides of the first temperature control body 310, and the extension direction of the cooling branch 333 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the water inlet branch 332, so that the cooling water in the water inlet branch 332 can enter the bypass branch 331 more conveniently, and a small flow of cooling water enters the cooling branch 333, which is adapted to the low power operating conditions of the fuel cell module 100.

[0036] In one embodiment, the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340 have the same inner diameter, and the inner diameter of the cooling branch 333 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water channel 340. On the one hand, the cooling water with a larger flow rate in the water inlet branch 332 is diverted through the bypass branch 331, and the inner diameter of the cooling branch 333 is smaller, so only a small flow rate of cooling water flows into the cooling branch 333, which can adapt to the low power operating conditions of the fuel cell module 100; on the other hand, the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340 can receive the same flow rate of cooling water and can adapt to the cooling water requirements of the fuel cell module 100 under different operating conditions. There is no need to set a flow control device on the first water supply pipeline 200, so that the temperature control system is structurally simplified.

[0037] Among them, the inner diameter size of the water inlet branch 332, the second cooling water channel 340 and the heat flow can be determined based on the cooling water flow required when the fuel cell module 100 operates at the highest power, and the inner diameter size of the cooling branch 333 can be determined based on the cooling water flow required by the fuel cell module 100 under idle conditions.

[0038] In addition, since the temperature of the cooling water entering the hot flow channel 350 is higher than that of the cooling water entering the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340, based on the principle of thermal expansion and contraction, and to improve the circulation efficiency of the cooling water, the inner diameters of the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340 can be set to be no less than the inner diameter of the hot flow channel 350, so that the cooling water that has undergone heat exchange in the fuel cell module 100 can quickly enter the hot flow channel 350 and be discharged.

[0039] Furthermore, the first movable channel 311 connects the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340. The first movable channel 311 is located at the intersection of the water inlet branch 332, the bypass branch 331 and the cooling branch 333. When the first valve flap 320 moves to the top of the first movable channel 311, the first valve flap 320 completely closes the water inlet branch 332. At this time, the cooling water cannot enter the bypass branch 331 and the cooling branch 333 through the water inlet branch 332, and can only enter the second cooling water channel 340 to adapt to the high-power operating conditions of the fuel cell module 100.

[0040] In one embodiment, the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340 have the same extension direction, and the inlets of the two are located on the same side of the first temperature control body 310, so as to facilitate the connection between the first water supply pipeline 200 and the first cooling water channel 330 and the second cooling water channel 340.

[0041] Furthermore, in order to achieve the opening adjustment or opening and closing of the water inlet branch 332 or the second cooling water channel 340 by the first valve flap 320, the projection formed by the first valve flap 320 along the extension direction of the water inlet branch 332 or the second cooling water channel 340 should be larger than the projection of the water inlet branch 332 and the second cooling water channel 340, and the projection ratio of the first movable channel 311 in the horizontal plane is smaller than the projection of the first valve flap 320 in the horizontal plane, that is, the first movable channel 311 has a larger cross-sectional area, and when the first valve flap 320 moves from the lower end to the upper end of the first movable channel 311, the phase change material needs to have sufficient expansion to achieve this. In order to improve the response speed of the first valve flap 320 driven by the phase change material to move, measures are taken in the embodiment of the present invention to amplify the moving stroke of the first valve flap 320, that is, the first temperature control module 300 also includes a first push rod 360, and the interior of the first temperature control body 310 is also provided with a first push chamber 313 extending vertically, the upper end of the first push chamber 313 is connected to the first moving channel 311, and the lower end of the first push chamber 313 is connected to the first phase change chamber 312, the first push rod 360 is slidably connected in the first push chamber 313, and the upper end of the first push rod 360 is connected to the first valve flap 320, and the inner diameter of the first push chamber 313 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first moving channel 311. Therefore, the first push rod 360 and the first valve flap 320 move synchronously in the vertical direction, and the movement amount of the first push rod 360 is the same as the movement amount of the first valve flap 320. When the phase change material in the first phase change chamber 312 undergoes phase change and expands, the phase change material expands into the first push chamber 313 and pushes the first push rod 360 to move upward. The first push rod 360 simultaneously drives the first valve flap 320 to move upward. Since the inner diameter of the first push chamber 313 is small, the phase change material with a smaller volume enters the first push chamber 313 and can push the first valve flap 320 upward through the first push rod 360, so that the first valve flap 320 responds to the temperature of the fuel cell module 100 more quickly and sensitively, thereby improving the temperature control efficiency of the fuel cell module 100.

[0042] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6 In order to further improve the response speed of the first valve flap 320, the present invention provides a hot flow channel 350 surrounding the circumference of the first phase change cavity 312 to increase the heat exchange area between the phase change material and the cooling water in the hot flow channel 350, so that the phase change material and the cooling water can exchange heat quickly. When the temperature inside the fuel cell module 100 is high and the cooling water flow rate is increased, the phase change material can quickly reach the phase change temperature and expand by quickly exchanging heat with the cooling water in the hot flow channel 350, thereby pushing the first valve flap 320 upward and increasing the opening of the second cooling water channel 340.

[0043] Or, in another embodiment, referring to Figure 7The first phase change chamber 312 surrounds the circumference of the hot flow channel 350. On the one hand, the volume of the first phase change chamber 312 is increased, and the capacity of the first phase change chamber 312 for the phase change material is increased, ensuring that the expansion of the phase change material can meet the movement distance requirement of the first valve disc 320. On the other hand, the heat exchange area between the phase change material in the first phase change chamber 312 and the cooling water in the hot flow channel 350 is increased, so that the phase change material and the cooling water can quickly exchange heat.

[0044] In one embodiment, the cooling branch 333 merges with the outlet end of the second cooling water channel 340 and is connected to the cooling water inlet 110 through the same pipeline. In this way, the fuel cell module 100 is provided with a cooling water inlet 110 to receive the cooling water introduced by the cooling branch 333 and the second cooling water channel 340. Since the cooling branch 333 is connected to the outlet of the second cooling water channel 340, when the fuel cell module 100 is in a high-power operating state and the second cooling water channel 340 provides cooling water to the cooling water inlet 110, there is a possibility that cooling water will flow into the cooling branch 333, affecting the cooling of the fuel cell module 100. Based on this, in one embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature control module 300 further includes a second valve flap 370 and a second push rod 380, and the first temperature control body 310 further includes a second movable channel 314 extending vertically, and the second movable channel 314 is connected to the cooling branch 333. The second valve flap 370 is slidably disposed within the second movable channel 314. One end of the second push rod 380 is connected to the second valve flap 370, and the other end is connected to the first valve flap 320. Thus, when the first valve flap 320 is driven to move by the phase change material within the first phase change chamber 312, it can drive the second valve flap 370 to move synchronously. Furthermore, when the first valve flap 320 completely closes the water inlet branch 332, the second valve flap 370 completely closes the cooling branch 333. At this time, the cooling water provided through the second cooling water flow channel 340 cannot enter the cooling branch 333, ensuring the stable operation of the temperature control system. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second valve flap 370 is configured to move synchronously with the first valve flap 320, simultaneously adjusting the opening and opening and closing control of the water inlet branch 332 and the cooling branch 333. The flow path is controlled solely by the phase change material's volume change in response to temperature, thereby driving the movement of the first valve flap 320. No other control valves are required within the temperature control system, further simplifying the structural configuration of the temperature control system.

[0045] Furthermore, the first temperature control module 300 has a first cooling state and a second cooling state. The first temperature control module 300 is configured as follows: when in the first cooling state, the fuel cell module 100 changes from low power to high power, the phase change material in the first phase change cavity 312 begins to expand in volume, and the first valve flap 320 is driven by the phase change material to move upward and away from the bottom end of the first movable channel 311. At this time, the second cooling water flow channel 340 is gradually opened, and the cooling water in the first water supply pipeline 200 can flow into the cooling water inlet 110 through the second cooling water flow channel 340. At the same time, since the inner diameter of the cooling branch 333 is larger than that of the water inlet branch 332, The inner diameter is small, and the upward movement of the first valve flap 320 is not enough to completely block the cooling water in the water inlet branch 332 from entering the cooling branch 333. Therefore, the cooling branch 333 can still supply cooling water to the fuel cell module 100; that is, when the first temperature control module 300 is in the first cooling state, the cooling branch 333 and the second cooling water flow channel 340 can both supply cooling water to the fuel cell module 100 through the cooling water inlet 110 to ensure that during the power increase process of the fuel cell module 100, the first temperature control module 300 can provide a sufficient flow of cooling water to the fuel cell module 100 to meet the cooling requirements of the fuel cell module 100.

[0046] In addition, when the first temperature control module 300 switches from the first cooling state to the second cooling state, the first valve flap 320 moves to the top of the first movable channel 311, and the second valve flap 370 follows the first valve flap 320 and moves synchronously to the top of the second movable channel 314. At this time, the first valve flap 320 closes the water inlet branch 332, and the second valve flap 370 closes the cooling branch 333. The second cooling water channel 340 is completely used to supply cooling water to the fuel cell module 100 to support the high-power operation of the fuel cell module 100, and the cooling water provided by the second cooling water channel 340 cannot flow into the cooling branch 333, ensuring that the temperature control system can operate stably.

[0047] In one embodiment, one end of the second push rod 380 is connected to the first push rod 360, and the second push rod 380 is indirectly connected to the first valve flap 320 through the first push rod 360, so that the second valve flap 370 moves synchronously with the first valve flap 320. Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, a movable cavity 315 is provided inside the first temperature control body 310, one end of the movable cavity 315 is connected to the first pushing cavity 313, and the second push rod 380 is L-shaped. The second push rod 380 includes a first section 381 extending vertically and a second section 382 extending horizontally. The upper end of the first section 381 is connected to the second valve flap 370, the lower end of the first section 381 is connected to the second section 382, and the end of the second section 382 away from the first section 381 is connected to the first push rod 360; wherein, the first section 381 and part of the second section 382 are located outside the first temperature control body 310, and a part of the second section 382 is inserted into the movable cavity 315 and can slide in the movable cavity 315. When the first push rod 360 moves vertically, the second section 382 moves synchronously in the movable cavity 315, thereby realizing the synchronous movement of the first valve flap 320 and the second valve flap 370.

[0048] like Figure 8 In the embodiment shown, the movable cavity 315 is arranged inside the first temperature control body 310, and the second push rod 380 is also L-shaped and has a first section 381 and a second section 382. The first section 381 and the second section 382 are both accommodated inside the first temperature control body 310. The movable cavity 315 is also arranged in an L-shape, that is, the movable cavity 315 has a vertical section 3151 extending vertically and a horizontal section 3152 extending horizontally. The first section 381 is slidably connected to the vertical section 3151, and the second section 382 is slidably connected to the horizontal section 3152. One side of the movable cavity 315 is One end is connected to the first push chamber 313, and the other end is connected to the second moving channel 314; when the first push rod 360 is driven by the phase change material in the first phase change chamber 312 to move, the second section 382 follows the first push rod 360 to move vertically, and at the same time, the movement of the first section 381 is guided by the vertical section 3151, so that the movement of the second valve flap 370 is smoother and more stable. In addition, the second push rod 380 is completely arranged inside the first temperature control body 310, and the first push rod 360 is not affected by the external environment, and can reduce the risk of fluid leakage inside the first temperature control body 310.

[0049] It is understandable that the distance between the lower end of the movable chamber 315 and the upper end of the first phase change chamber 312 should be less than the maximum stroke of the first valve flap 320 to ensure that when the first valve flap 320 moves to the upper end of the first movable channel 311, the phase change material entering the first push chamber 313 is below the movable chamber 315 and does not enter the movable chamber 315, thereby preventing the phase change material from escaping.

[0050] Furthermore, in order to prevent the movement of various fluids in the first temperature control body 310, such as cooling water entering the area where the phase change material is located, or the phase change material escaping into the flow path, in the present invention, seals are provided between the first valve flap 320 and the inner wall of the first movable channel 311, between the first push rod 360 and the inner wall of the first push cavity 313, between the second push rod 380 and the inner wall of the vertical section 3151, and between the second valve flap 370 and the inner wall of the second movable channel 314.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control system also includes a hydrogen production module 600 and a second water supply pipeline 700. The hydrogen production module 600 has a hydrogen production raw water inlet 610. One end of the second water supply pipeline 700 is connected to the hot flow channel 350, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen production raw water inlet 610. That is, the cooling water discharged after heat exchange in the first temperature control module 300 enters the hydrogen production module 600 through the hydrogen production raw water inlet 610 and is directly used as the electrolysis water raw material of the hydrogen production module 600, which can reduce the energy consumption required for heating the raw water in the hydrogen production module 600.

[0052] In addition, deionized water can be stored in the cooling water tank 400. The first temperature control module 300 uses deionized water as a cooling water source. After the deionized water completes heat exchange inside the fuel cell module 100, it is used as raw water in the hydrogen production module 600.

[0053] It should be noted that, in one embodiment of the present invention, the bypass branch 331 is connected to the second water supply pipeline 700 through the supply pipeline 800, so that the cooling water flowing out of the bypass branch 331 can also provide electrolytic water raw materials to the hydrogen production module 600.

[0054] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9The hydrogen production module 600 also has a hydrogen outlet 620, and the hydrogen generated by the electrolysis reaction of the hydrogen production module 600 is discharged from the hydrogen outlet 620. The temperature control system also includes a second temperature control module 900 and a third water supply pipeline 1000. The second temperature control module 900 includes a second temperature control body 910 and a third valve disc 920. The interior of the second temperature control body 910 is provided with a third cooling water flow channel 911, a hot air flow channel 912, a second phase change cavity 913 and a third moving channel 914. One end of the third water supply pipeline 1000 is connected to the second water supply pipeline 700, and the other end is connected to the third cooling water flow channel 911. That is, the cooling water drawn out from the first temperature control module 300 can enter the third water supply pipeline 1000 through the second water supply pipeline 700, and then enter the second temperature control body 910 through the third cooling water flow channel 911. The third movable channel 914 connects the third cooling water flow channel 911 and the second phase change chamber 913, and the third valve flap 920 is slidably arranged in the third movable channel 914. The second phase change chamber 913 is filled with phase change material. The second phase change chamber 913 is arranged adjacent to the hot air flow channel 912. The hot air flow channel 912 is connected to the hydrogen outlet 620. The hydrogen generated by the hydrogen production module 600 can enter the hot air flow channel 912, and the hydrogen can exchange heat with the phase change material in the second phase change chamber 903. When the hydrogen temperature in the hot air flow channel 912 reaches the phase change temperature of the phase change material in the second phase change chamber 913, the phase change material undergoes a phase change and expands, thereby driving the third valve flap 920 to move in the third movable channel 914, thereby changing the opening of the third cooling water flow channel 911 in turn, thereby realizing automatic temperature control of the hydrogen production module 600.

[0055] Specifically, the cooling water entering the hydrogen production module 600 through the second water supply pipeline 700 can be used as raw water for cooling and hydrogen production of the hydrogen production module 600, and the cooling water entering the second temperature control module 900 through the third water supply pipeline 1000 can be used as cooling water for the second temperature control module 900. When the hydrogen production module 600 is operating normally, a portion of the cooling water supplied through the second water supply pipeline 700 enters the interior of the hydrogen production module 600 as cooling and raw water, and the other portion enters the third cooling water channel 911. A portion of the cooling water flowing out of the third cooling water channel 911 returns to the cooling water tank 400 for storage; when the temperature of the hydrogen in the hot air flow channel 912 is higher than the temperature of the phase change material in the second phase change cavity 913, the phase change material undergoes phase change and vaporizes and expands due to the heat, thereby pushing the third valve flap 920 upward. At this time, the opening of the third cooling water channel 911 becomes smaller, and the cooling water flow entering the third cooling water channel 911 decreases, while the cooling water flow entering the hydrogen production module 600 increases, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the hydrogen production module 600 and realizing automatic temperature control.

[0056] In this way, both bypass branch 331 and hot flow channel 350 can supply cooling water to hydrogen production module 600 and second temperature control module 900 via second water supply pipeline 700. The cooling water at a certain temperature drawn from first temperature control module 300 is directly used as feed water and cooling source for hydrogen production module 600, fully utilizing the cooling water source and heat exchange heat. In addition, the fuel cell module 100 and hydrogen production module 600 in the system can operate synchronously, achieving hydrogen and electricity cogeneration.

[0057] As will be understood, the second temperature control module 900 also includes a third push rod 930. The second temperature control body 910 is also provided with a third push chamber 915. The third push rod 930 is vertically slidably connected within the third push chamber 915. The upper end of the third push rod 930 is connected to the third valve flap 920, and the lower end extends to the second phase change chamber 913. The inner diameter of the third push chamber 915 is smaller than the inner diameter of the third movable channel 914 to improve the response sensitivity of the third valve flap 920. Check valves 1010 can be provided on both the supply line 800 and the second water supply line 700 to prevent cooling water backflow. One end of the third cooling water flow channel 911 can be connected to the cooling water tank 400 via a pipeline, so that the cooling water flowing out of the third cooling water flow channel 911 can be returned to the cooling water tank 400 for storage and further recycling. One end of the hot air flow channel 912 can be connected to a purification device, drying device, etc. to further purify and dry the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production module 600.

[0058] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications may be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with one another unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. The automatic temperature control system for hydrogen and power cogeneration is characterized by: include: A fuel cell module having a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet; A first water supply pipeline is used to provide cooling water; A first temperature control module includes a first temperature control body and a first valve flap. The first temperature control body is provided with a first cooling water flow channel, a second cooling water flow channel, a hot flow channel, a first movable channel and a first phase change cavity. The inner diameter of a portion of the first cooling water flow channel is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water flow channel, and the first cooling water flow channel is located above the second cooling water flow channel. One end of the first cooling water flow channel and the second cooling water flow channel are both connected to the first water supply pipeline, and the other end is both connected to the cooling water inlet. The hot flow channel is connected to the cooling water outlet. The hot flow channel is arranged adjacent to the first phase change cavity. The first phase change cavity is filled with a phase change material. The first movable channel extends vertically and sequentially connects the first cooling water flow channel, the second cooling water flow channel and the first phase change cavity. The first valve flap is slidably disposed in the first movable channel. The first valve flap is configured to move in the first movable channel under the drive of the phase change material and change the opening of the first cooling water flow channel and the second cooling water flow channel.

2. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling water flow channel includes a bypass branch, a water inlet branch and a cooling branch. The cooling branch is connected to the cooling water inlet. One end of the bypass branch and the cooling branch are both connected to the first water supply pipeline through the water inlet branch.

3. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the water inlet branch is the same as that of the second cooling water flow channel, and the inner diameter of the cooling branch is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cooling water flow channel; And / or, the inner diameters of the water inlet branch and the second cooling water flow channel are not smaller than the inner diameter of the hot flow channel.

4. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first temperature control module also includes a second valve flap and a second push rod. The first temperature control body also has a second movable channel extending vertically. The second movable channel is connected to the cooling branch. The second valve flap is slidably arranged in the second movable channel. One end of the second push rod is connected to the second valve flap, and the other end is connected to the first valve flap. The second valve flap can move synchronously with the first valve flap and change the opening of the cooling branch.

5. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first temperature control module has a first cooling state and a second cooling state. The first temperature control module is configured as follows: when in the first cooling state, the first valve flap is away from the bottom end of the first movable channel, the second valve flap is located at the bottom end of the second movable channel, and the cooling branch and the second cooling water channel are both connected to the first water supply pipeline; when in the second cooling state, the first valve flap moves to the top of the first movable channel and closes the water inlet branch, and the second valve flap moves to the top of the second movable channel and closes the cooling branch.

6. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first temperature control module also includes a first push rod, and the interior of the first temperature control body is also provided with a first push chamber extending vertically, the upper end of the first push chamber is connected to the first moving channel, and the lower end of the first push chamber is connected to the first phase change chamber, the first push rod is slidably connected in the first push chamber, and the upper end of the first push rod is connected to the first valve flap, and the inner diameter of the first push chamber is smaller than the inner diameter of the first moving channel.

7. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A moving cavity is provided inside the first temperature control body, a portion of the second push rod is slidably connected to the moving cavity, and the first pushing cavity and the second moving channel are both communicated with the moving cavity.

8. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot flow channel surrounds the circumference of the first phase change cavity; Alternatively, the first phase change cavity surrounds the circumference of the hot flow channel.

9. The automatic temperature control system for hydrogen and power cogeneration according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system also includes a hydrogen production module and a second water supply pipeline. The hydrogen production module has a hydrogen production raw water inlet. One end of the second water supply pipeline is connected to the hot flow channel, and the other end is connected to the hydrogen production raw water inlet.

10. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hydrogen production module also has a hydrogen outlet. The hydrogen-power cogeneration automatic temperature control system also includes a second temperature control module and a third water supply pipeline. The second temperature control module includes a second temperature control body and a third valve flap. The interior of the second temperature control body is provided with a third cooling water flow channel, a hot air flow channel, a second phase change cavity and a third movable channel. One end of the third water supply pipeline is connected to the second water supply pipeline, and the other end is connected to the third cooling water flow channel. The third movable channel connects the third cooling water flow channel and the second phase change cavity. The third valve flap is slidably arranged in the third movable channel. The second phase change cavity is filled with phase change material. The second phase change cavity is arranged adjacent to the hot air flow channel. The hot air flow channel is connected to the hydrogen outlet. The third valve flap is configured to: be driven by the phase change material in the second phase change cavity to move in the third movable channel and change the opening of the third cooling water flow channel.

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