Base station antenna and base station

Abstract

The invention relates to a base station antenna and a base station. The base station antenna comprises a reflecting plate, a phase shifter and a radiation unit, the phase shifter comprises a phase shifting cavity, a first feed network and a second feed network. The radiation unit comprises two pairs of radiation arms and a balun structure; the balun structure comprises a first feed conductor, a second feed conductor and a metal grounding plate; the input end of the first feed conductor is electrically connected with the first feed network; the first feed conductor is matched with the metal grounding plate and is used for feeding and grounding one pair of radiation arms together; the input end of the second feed conductor is electrically connected with the second feed network; the second feed conductor is matched with the metal grounding plate and is used for feeding and grounding the other pair of radiation arms together; the end, away from the radiation arm, of the metal grounding plate is electrically connected with the side, close to the reflecting plate, of the phase-shifting cavity. The metal grounding plate and the phase shift cavity do not need to be switched when common ground is realized, so that the operation is simplified when the metal grounding plate and the phase shift cavity are connected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a base station antenna and a base station. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communications, green and low-carbon development has become a key focus in the development of base station antennas, a topic of great concern to manufacturers and operators. This trend involves, on the one hand, optimizing base station antenna processing to achieve greater environmental friendliness and efficiency, such as reducing electroplating and solder joints, and on the other hand, improving energy efficiency and reducing losses, such as reducing the use of cables.

[0003] In conventional base station antennas, the radiating element and phase shifter are located on either side of a reflector. The radiating element's balun structure and phase shifter cavity are electrically connected to the reflector, thereby achieving a common ground for the balun and the phase shifter cavity, while also eliminating the need for cables connecting the balun and the phase shifter cavity. However, the use of the reflector to transfer the electrical connection between the balun and the phase shifter cavity can easily lead to intermodulation issues due to unstable contact between the balun and the phase shifter cavity and the reflector.

[0004] In order to solve the intermodulation problem caused by unstable contact, in the related technology, the radiation unit and the phase shifter are respectively arranged on both sides of the reflector. The end of the balun structure of the radiation unit away from the radiation arm passes through the reflector and is electrically connected to the phase shift cavity, thereby realizing the common ground of the balun structure and the phase shift cavity. In this way, the electrical connection between the balun structure and the phase shift cavity can be continuous and stable.

[0005] However, in the related art, when a common ground is achieved between the base station antenna, the balun structure and the phase-shift cavity, the connection operation is rather complicated. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a base station antenna and a base station to address the problem that the connection operation is relatively cumbersome when the base station antenna, the balun structure and the phase shift cavity in the related technology are common ground.

[0007] An embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, comprising: a reflector, a phase shifter, and a radiating unit, wherein the radiating unit and the phase shifter are respectively located on either side of the reflector; the phase shifter comprises a phase shift cavity and a first feeding network and a second feeding network disposed within the phase shift cavity; the radiating unit comprises two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms and a balun structure, wherein the balun structure is disposed between the radiating arms and the reflector;

[0008] The balun structure includes a first feed conductor, a second feed conductor and a metal ground plate;

[0009] The input end of the first feed conductor is electrically connected to the first feed network; the first feed conductor cooperates with the metal ground plate to jointly feed and ground one of the pair of radiating arms;

[0010] The input end of the second feed conductor is electrically connected to the second feed network; the second feed conductor cooperates with the metal ground plate to jointly feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms;

[0011] One end of the metal ground plate away from the radiation arm is electrically connected to one side of the phase shift cavity close to the reflection plate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the metal ground plate and the phase-shift cavity are laser welded.

[0013] In one embodiment, the reflector has an opening; a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity separated from each other are provided in the phase-shift cavity; the first feeding network and the second feeding network are located in the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity, respectively; and a first notch and a second notch are provided on the cavity walls of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity on a side close to the reflector, respectively.

[0014] The input end of the first feed conductor extends into the first sub-cavity through the opening and the first notch, and the input end of the second feed conductor extends into the second sub-cavity through the opening and the second notch; one end of the metal ground plate passes through the opening and is electrically connected to the phase-shift cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment, the metal ground plate includes a first ground plate and a second ground plate spaced apart from each other; the first feed conductor cooperates with the first ground plate to jointly feed and ground one pair of radiating arms; the second feed conductor cooperates with the second ground plate to jointly feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms;

[0016] One end of the first grounding plate is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity close to the reflector, and one end of the second grounding plate is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity close to the reflector.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first ground plate has a first bent portion at one end thereof close to the first sub-cavity. The first bent portion is bent relative to the first ground plate in a thickness direction of the metal ground plate. The first bent portion is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the first sub-cavity close to the reflector.

[0018] The second ground plate has a second bent portion at one end close to the second sub-cavity. The second bent portion bends relative to the second ground plate toward the thickness direction of the metal ground plate. The second bent portion is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity close to the reflector.

[0019] In one embodiment, the metal ground plate has two sides along its thickness direction, namely a first side and a second side. The first bending portion bends toward the first side relative to the first ground plate, and the second bending portion bends toward the second side relative to the second ground plate.

[0020] In one embodiment, the metal ground plate has a first end close to the radiating arm and a second end close to the phase shifter; a separation groove is provided on the metal ground plate, which extends from the first end to the second end and does not pass through the second end to form a first ground plate and a second ground plate separated by the separation groove.

[0021] In one embodiment, a balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction, the first balun including a first feed conductor and a first ground conductor arranged along a second direction and coupled to the first feed conductor, and the second balun including a second feed conductor and a second ground conductor arranged along the second direction and coupled to the second feed conductor;

[0022] The thickness direction of the metal ground plate is along the second direction, and the first ground plate and the second ground plate are arranged along the first direction;

[0023] The first grounding plate is a first grounding conductor, and the second grounding plate is a second grounding conductor; or the first grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first ground plate is coupled to the first ground conductor, and the second ground plate is coupled to the second ground conductor;

[0025] The first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board, a first feed conductor and a first ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric board; the second balun includes a second PCB dielectric board, a second feed conductor and a second ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric board;

[0026] The two radiating arms in one pair of radiating arms are electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor and one end of the first grounding conductor respectively; the two radiating arms in the other pair of radiating arms are electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor and one end of the second grounding conductor respectively.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first ground plate is a first ground conductor, and the second ground plate is a second ground conductor;

[0028] The first feed conductor and the second feed conductor are sheet metal parts; or the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first ground conductor, and the second feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board facing away from the second ground conductor;

[0029] The first PCB dielectric plate and the second PCB dielectric plate are located on the same side of the metal ground plate in the thickness direction.

[0030] In one embodiment, the spacing arrangement direction of the first ground plate and the second ground plate is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity, and the thickness directions of the first ground plate and the second ground plate are along the length direction of the phase shift cavity.

[0031] In one embodiment, the spacing arrangement direction of the first ground plate and the second ground plate is along the length direction of the phase shift cavity, and the thickness directions of the first ground plate and the second ground plate are along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first ground plate and the second ground plate are spaced apart along the length direction of the phase-shifting cavity, and the first ground plate and the second ground plate are staggered along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity; the thickness directions of the first ground plate and the second ground plate are both along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

[0033] In one embodiment, the first ground plate and the second ground plate are two independent ground plates; or,

[0034] One end of the first ground plate close to the phase shifter is connected to the other end of the second ground plate close to the phase shifter through a connecting portion.

[0035] In one embodiment, the metal ground plate is coupled to the phase-shift cavity; or, the metal ground plate and the phase-shift cavity are an integrally formed structure.

[0036] An embodiment of the present application provides a base station, including an antenna mounting bracket and the base station antenna of any one of the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

[0037] The above-mentioned base station antenna, the balun structure includes a first feeding conductor, a second feeding conductor and a metal ground plate. The input end of the first feeding conductor is electrically connected to the first feeding network, and the first feeding conductor cooperates with the metal ground plate to jointly feed and ground one pair of radiating arms; the input end of the second feeding conductor is electrically connected to the second feeding network, and the second feeding conductor cooperates with the metal ground plate to jointly feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms, thereby realizing feeding and grounding of the two pairs of radiating arms. In the embodiment of the present application, the balun structure can be electrically connected to the side of the phase-shifting cavity close to the reflector through the metal ground plate, thereby realizing common grounding of the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity. When the metal ground plate and the phase-shifting cavity are common grounded, no switching is required, thereby simplifying the operation when connecting the two and facilitating the completion of the connection. Moreover, since the balun structure can be electrically connected to the side of the phase-shifting cavity close to the reflector through the metal ground plate, electroplating can be avoided when the metal ground plate and the phase-shifting cavity are electrically connected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment.

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the balun structure.

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection between the balun structure and the radiation arm.

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the radiation arm and the radiation dielectric plate.

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another view of the structure shown.

[0044] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a balun structure according to another embodiment.

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structural breakdown of the balun structure shown.

[0046] Figure 9 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first ground plate and the second ground plate according to another embodiment.

[0047] Figure 10 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first ground plate and the second ground plate according to another embodiment.

[0048] Figure 11 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a base station antenna according to another embodiment.

[0049] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0050] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the balun structure.

[0051] Figure 14 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the connection between the balun structure and the radiation arm.

[0052] Figure 15 for Figure 14 Schematic diagram of another view of the structure shown.

[0053] Figure 16 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station antenna according to yet another embodiment.

[0054] Figure 17 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the balun structure and the phase shifter.

[0055] Figure 18 for Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the balun structure.

[0056] Figure 19 for Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the connection between the balun structure and the radiation arm.

[0057] Figure 20 for Figure 19 Schematic diagram of another view of the structure shown.

[0058] Figure 21 FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a base station antenna according to yet another embodiment.

[0059] Explanation of reference numerals: 110, radiation dielectric plate; 110a, first slot; 110b, second slot; 111, first surface; 112, second surface;

[0060] 121, first radiating arm; 121a, first notch; 1211, first arc-shaped conductive segment; 1211a, opening position; 1212, first inward-bending segment; 122, second radiating arm; 1221, first conductive segment; 1222, first right-angled side; 1223, second right-angled side; 123, third radiating arm; 123a, second notch; 124, fourth radiating arm; 1241, second conductive segment; 1242, third right-angled side; 1243, fourth right-angled side;

[0061] 1311, first feed conductor; 1312, first ground conductor; 1313, first PCB dielectric plate; 1314, first insulating plate; 1313a, first protrusion; 1313b, second protrusion; 1321, second feed conductor; 1322, second ground conductor; 1323, second PCB dielectric plate; 1323a, third protrusion; 1323b, fourth protrusion; 1324, second insulating plate; 133, metal ground plate; 133a, separation groove; 1331, first ground plate; 1331a, first bend; 1332, second ground plate; 1332a, second bend; 1333, connecting portion; 1341, first insulating member; 1342, second insulating member;

[0062] 141. First connecting line; 142. Adapter; 143. Second connecting line; 144. Coupling line; 1441. First extension section; 1442. Second extension section; 1443. Third extension section; 145. First connecting piece; 146. Second connecting piece;

[0063] 151, first pad; 152, second pad; 153, third pad; 154, fourth pad;

[0064] 200, reflector; 201, opening;

[0065] 300 , phase shifter; 301 , first sub-cavity; 301 a , first slot; 302 , second sub-cavity; 302 a , second slot; 310 , first feeding network; 320 , second feeding network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0067] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0068] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0069] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0070] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0071] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0072] As mentioned in the background technology, when the common ground is achieved between the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity in the base station antenna in the related art, the connection operation is relatively cumbersome. The reason is that the balun structure of the base station antenna in the related art generally adopts a PCB structure, including a PCB dielectric board and a feeder line and a grounding line covering both sides of the dielectric board. For a balun structure with this structure, if the grounding line of the balun structure is to be electrically connected to the phase-shifting cavity, a transfer PCB is required to electrically connect the grounding line of the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity to the transfer PCB respectively, resulting in a relatively cumbersome connection operation between the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity. Moreover, when the grounding line and the phase-shifting cavity of the balun structure are connected to the transfer PCB respectively, welding is required, and electroplating is required during welding, which will cause pollution.

[0073] Please combine Figures 1 to 3One embodiment of the present application provides a base station antenna, comprising a reflector 200, a phase shifter, and a radiating element, wherein the radiating element and the phase shifter are located on either side of the reflector 200. The phase shifter includes a phase shift cavity 300 and a first feed network 310 and a second feed network 320 disposed within the phase shift cavity 300. The radiating element includes two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms and a balun structure disposed between the radiating arms and the reflector 200.

[0074] The balun structure includes a first feed conductor 1311, a second feed conductor 1321, and a metal ground plate 133. The input end of the first feed conductor 1311 is electrically connected to the first feed network 310. The first feed conductor 1311 cooperates with the metal ground plate 133 to jointly feed and ground one pair of radiating arms. The input end of the second feed conductor 1321 is electrically connected to the second feed network 320. The second feed conductor 1321 cooperates with the metal ground plate 133 to jointly feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms. The end of the metal ground plate 133, facing away from the radiating arms, is electrically connected to the side of the phase-shifting cavity 300 near the reflector 200.

[0075] The balun structure of the aforementioned base station antenna includes a first feed conductor 1311, a second feed conductor 1321, and a metal ground plate 133. The input end of the first feed conductor 1311 is electrically connected to the first feed network 310. The first feed conductor 1311 cooperates with the metal ground plate 133 to jointly feed and ground one pair of radiating arms. The input end of the second feed conductor 1321 is electrically connected to the second feed network 320. The second feed conductor 1321 cooperates with the metal ground plate 133 to jointly feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms, thereby achieving feeding and grounding for both pairs of radiating arms. In this embodiment of the present application, the balun structure can be electrically connected to the side of the phase-shifting cavity 300 near the reflector 200 via the metal ground plate 133, thereby achieving a common ground for the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity 300. When the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 share a common ground, no switching is required (for example, through a switching PCB in the related art), thereby simplifying the connection operation between the two and facilitating the completion of the connection.

[0076] Furthermore, in the prior art, the radiating element of a base station antenna requires soldering when connecting the ground wire of the balun structure and the phase-shifting cavity to the adapter PCB. This soldering requires electroplating, which can cause contamination. However, in the embodiment of the present application, since the balun structure can be electrically connected to the side of the phase-shifting cavity 300 near the reflector 200 via the metal ground plate 133, electroplating is not required during the electrical connection between the metal ground plate 133 and the phase-shifting cavity 300.

[0077] Optionally, the metal material used for the metal ground plate 133 is the same as the metal material used for the phase shift cavity 300 , so that the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 can be electrically connected by laser welding, thereby avoiding electroplating.

[0078] Optionally, the metal ground plate 133 and the phase-shift cavity 300 may be coupled. Specifically, an insulating layer may be provided between the metal ground plate 133 and the phase-shift cavity 300 (for example, green paint may be applied to the side of the metal ground plate 133 closest to the phase-shift cavity 300, or green paint may be applied to the side of the phase-shift cavity 300 closest to the metal ground plate 133), thereby electrically connecting the metal ground plate 133 and the phase-shift cavity 300 via coupling.

[0079] Optionally, the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 may also be manufactured into an integrally formed structure by machining.

[0080] The metal grounding plate 133 can be formed by integral sheet metal molding or by machining such as die casting. Alternatively, the metal grounding plate can be formed by coating a metal layer on the surface of a plastic plate, i.e., the metal grounding plate is a structure in which a metal layer is coated on the surface of the plastic plate.

[0081] The first feeding network 310 may be in the form of a sheet metal strip line or a PCB line. The second feeding network 320 may be in the form of a sheet metal strip line or a PCB line.

[0082] Please combine Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the reflector 200 has an opening 201. A first sub-cavity 301 and a second sub-cavity 302 are separated from each other within the phase-shifting cavity 300. A first feeding network 310 and a second feeding network 320 are located in the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302, respectively. The walls of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302, close to the reflector 200, have a first notch 301a and a second notch 302a, respectively.

[0083] The input end of the first feed conductor 1311 passes through the opening 201 and the first notch 301a and extends into the first sub-cavity 301. The input end of the second feed conductor 1321 passes through the opening 201 and the second notch 302a and extends into the second sub-cavity 302. One end of the metal ground plate 133 passes through the opening 201 and is electrically connected to the phase-shift cavity 300.

[0084] Since the electrical connection operation between the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 is simplified and easy to complete, the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 can be pre-connected together during production and processing, that is, the balun structure and the phase shift cavity 300 are prefabricated as an integral structure at the production and processing site. Figure 2 As shown, it is easy to assemble the base station antenna later. When the overall structure is actually assembled with the reflector 200, the balun structure of the overall structure can be passed through the opening 201 on the reflector 200 and combined with the balun structure of the overall structure. Figures 1 to 3 The balun structure can be passed through the opening 201 from bottom to top along the ZZ' direction, and then the reflector 200 and the phase shift cavity 300 can be fixed, so that the balun structure, the phase shift cavity 300 and the reflector 200 can be quickly assembled.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 3 In one embodiment, metal ground plane 133 includes a first ground plane 1331 and a second ground plane 1332 spaced apart from each other. First feed conductor 1311 cooperates with first ground plane 1331 to jointly feed and ground one pair of radiating arms. Second feed conductor 1321 cooperates with second ground plane 1332 to jointly feed and ground the other pair of radiating arms.

[0086] One end of the first ground plate 1331 is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200, thereby achieving a common ground between the first ground plate 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300. One end of the second ground plate 1332 is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200, thereby achieving a common ground between the second ground plate 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300.

[0087] In this embodiment, by designing the metal ground plate 133 as a first ground plate 1331 and a second ground plate 1332 that are spaced apart from each other, the intermodulation index is better when the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground plate 1331, and the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground plate 1332 respectively feed and ground their corresponding pair of radiation arms.

[0088] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the first ground plate 1331 has a first bent portion 1331a at one end close to the first sub-cavity 301. The first bent portion 1331a is bent relative to the first ground plate 1331 in the thickness direction of the metal ground plate 133. The first bent portion 1331a is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 close to the reflector 200.

[0089] The second grounding plate 1332 has a second bent portion 1332a at one end close to the second sub-cavity 302. The second bent portion 1332a is bent relative to the second grounding plate 1332 in the thickness direction of the metal grounding plate 133. The second bent portion 1332a is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 close to the reflector 200.

[0090] During actual assembly, the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200 can be made of the same metal material. This allows the first bent portion 1331a to be laser welded to the cavity wall of the first sub-cavity 301 near the reflector 200, thereby achieving a common ground connection between the first ground plate 1331 and the phase-shifting cavity 300. Similarly, the second bent portion 1332a and the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200 can be made of the same metal material. This allows the second bent portion 1332a to be laser welded to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity 302 near the reflector 200, thereby achieving a common ground connection between the second ground plate 1332 and the phase-shifting cavity 300.

[0091] It is understandable that the first bending portion 1331a and the first grounding plate 1331 are integrally formed and made of the same material. The second bending portion 1332a and the second grounding plate 1332 are integrally formed and made of the same material.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 3 The metal ground plate 133 has a first end close to the radiation arm and a second end close to the phase shifter. Figure 3 In the embodiment, the first end, namely, the end of the metal ground plate 133, points to the OZ' direction, and the second end, namely, the end of the metal ground plate 133, points to the OZ direction.

[0093] The metal ground plate 133 is provided with a separation groove 133 a . The separation groove 133 a extends from the first end to the second end but does not pass through the second end, so as to form a first ground plate 1331 and a second ground plate 1332 separated by the separation groove 133 a .

[0094] In this embodiment, the metal ground plate 133 itself is a single, integral plate. A dividing groove 133a is defined therein, thereby forming a first ground plate 1331 and a second ground plate 1332 separated by the dividing groove 133a. Specifically, the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 are located on either side of the dividing groove 133a. Furthermore, because the dividing groove 133a extends from the first end to the second end and does not penetrate the second end, the metal ground plate 133 remains a single, integral structure. This ensures that the relative positions of the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 are fixed during assembly, facilitating their positioning.

[0095] Please refer to Figure 3 In one embodiment, the metal ground plate 133 has two sides along its thickness direction, namely a first side and a second side. The first bending portion 1331a is bent toward the first side relative to the first ground plate 1331, and the second bending portion 1332a is bent toward the second side relative to the second ground plate 1332.

[0096] Specifically in Figure 3In the embodiment, the first side of the metal ground plate 133 is the side of the metal ground plate 133 facing the OY′ direction, and the second side of the metal ground plate 133 is the side of the metal ground plate 133 facing the OY direction.

[0097] Since the first bending portion 1331a and the second bending portion 1332a are bent in opposite directions, the first side and the second side of the metal ground plate 133 can both be supported on the phase shift cavity 300 , which is beneficial to the connection stability between the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 .

[0098] In other embodiments, the first bending portion 1331a and the second bending portion 1332a may both be bent toward the first side, or both be bent toward the second side.

[0099] Please combine Figures 1 to 3 , Figures 7 and 8 In some embodiments, the balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced along a first direction, the first balun includes a first feed conductor 1311 and a first grounding conductor 1312 arranged along a second direction with the first feed conductor 1311 and coupled to the first feed conductor 1311, and the second balun includes a second feed conductor 1321 and a second grounding conductor 1322 arranged along the second direction with the second feed conductor 1321 and coupled to the second feed conductor 1321.

[0100] The thickness of the metal ground plate 133 is along the second direction, and the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 are arranged along the first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. That is, the arrangement direction of the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the metal ground plate 133. The first direction also represents the spacing between the first and second baluns. The second direction represents the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312.

[0101] Among them, the first grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322; or, the first grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322. The two situations listed in this paragraph are introduced below respectively.

[0102] Regarding the situation where the first grounding plate 1331 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312 and the second grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322, please refer to the following example: Figures 1 to 3The first balun includes a first PCB dielectric plate 1313, a first feed conductor 1311, and a first ground conductor 1312, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313. The second balun includes a second PCB dielectric plate 1323, a second feed conductor 1321, and a second ground conductor 1322, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323.

[0103] The two radiating arms in one pair of radiating arms are respectively electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor 1311 and one end of the first grounding conductor 1312. The two radiating arms in the other pair of radiating arms are respectively electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor 1321 and one end of the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0104] Specifically, in Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are a common PCB dielectric plate. It can also be understood that the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are an integrally formed structure. In other embodiments, the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 can also be two separate PCB dielectric plates.

[0105] Combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, two radiation arms in one pair of radiation arms are a first radiation arm 121 and a second radiation arm 122 diagonally arranged along a first diagonal direction PP'; and two radiation arms in the other pair of radiation arms are a third radiation arm 123 and a fourth radiation arm 124 diagonally arranged along a second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0106] The first radiating arm 121 is electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor 1311, and the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to one end of the first grounding conductor 1312. The third radiating arm 123 is electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor 1321, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is electrically connected to one end of the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0107] Because the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 are conductive lines attached to opposite sides of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313, they are electrically coupled. Thus, after a signal is fed into the first feed conductor 1311 by the first feeding network 310, it can be transmitted to the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122 via the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312, respectively. Furthermore, because the first ground plate 1331 is coupled to the first ground conductor 1312 and shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the first ground conductor 1312 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 share a common ground, thereby grounding the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312.

[0108] Similarly, because the second feeding conductor 1321 and the second grounding conductor 1322 are conductive lines attached to opposite sides of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323, the second feeding conductor 1321 and the second grounding conductor 1322 can be electrically connected in a coupled manner. Thus, after the second feeding network 320 feeds a signal into the second feeding conductor 1321, the signal can be input to the third radiating arm 123 and the fourth radiating arm 124, respectively, via the second feeding conductor 1321 and the second grounding conductor 1322. Furthermore, because the second grounding plate 1332 is coupled to the second grounding conductor 1322 and the second grounding plate 1332 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the second grounding conductor 1322 and the phase-shifting cavity 300 can share a common ground, thereby grounding the second feeding conductor 1321 and the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0109] A first insulating layer (or first insulating member) may be provided between the first grounding plate 1331 and the first grounding conductor 1312 to achieve a coupling connection between the first grounding plate 1331 and the first grounding conductor 1312. A second insulating layer (or second insulating member) may be provided between the second grounding plate 1332 and the second grounding conductor 1322 to achieve a coupling connection between the second grounding plate 1332 and the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0110] Please refer to Figures 7 and 8 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The embodiment shown is Figures 1 to 3 Similar to the embodiment shown, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric plate 1313, a first feed conductor 1311 and a first ground conductor 1312, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313. The second balun includes a second PCB dielectric plate 1323, a second feed conductor 1321 and a second ground conductor 1322, which are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323. The first radiating arm 121 is electrically connected to one end of the first feed conductor 1311, and the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to one end of the first ground conductor 1312. The third radiating arm 123 is electrically connected to one end of the second feed conductor 1321, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is electrically connected to one end of the second ground conductor 1322. Figures 7 and 8 The embodiment shown is Figures 1 to 3 The similarities between the illustrated embodiments will not be described in detail, and the differences will be described in detail below.

[0111] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first grounding plate 1331 and the second grounding plate 1332 are separated by the separation slot 133 a , but the two are still an integral structure.

[0112] And in Figures 7 and 8In the embodiment shown, the first grounding plate 1331 and the second grounding plate 1332 are two independent grounding plates, that is, they are two separate grounding plates. Thus, during assembly, the first grounding plate 1331 and the second grounding plate 1332 can be assembled separately. Figures 7 and 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are separate and independent PCB dielectric plates. A first insulating member 1341 is provided between the first grounding conductor 1312 and the first grounding plate 1331 to enable coupling between the first grounding conductor 1312 and the first grounding plate 1331. A second insulating member 1342 is provided between the second grounding conductor 1322 and the second grounding plate 1332 to enable coupling between the second grounding conductor 1322 and the second grounding plate 1332.

[0113] exist Figures 1 to 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are located on the same side of the metal ground plate 133 in the thickness direction.

[0114] And in Figures 7 and 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed conductor 1311 is located on one side of the first ground plate 1331 , and the second feed conductor 1321 is located on the other side of the second ground plate 1332 in the thickness direction. That is, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are located on different sides of the metal ground plate 133 .

[0115] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the radiating unit includes a radiating dielectric plate 110, and a radiating arm is provided on a surface of the radiating dielectric plate 110. The radiating dielectric plate 110 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 opposite to each other. The first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 are provided on the first surface 111, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is provided on the second surface 112.

[0116] One end of the first feeding conductor 1311 away from the phase-shifting cavity 300 is welded to the first radiating arm 121 , and one end of the second feeding conductor 1321 away from the phase-shifting cavity 300 is welded to the third radiating arm 123 .

[0117] The radiating element further includes a transition structure, which includes a first connecting line 141 and a transition plate 142 provided on the first surface 111, and a second connecting line 143 provided on the second surface 112. The ends of the first connecting line 141 are respectively connected to the first ground conductor 1312 and the second radiating arm 122. The second ground conductor 1322 is welded to the transition plate 142. One end of the second connecting line 143 is connected to the transition plate 142 via a metallized via, and the other end is connected to the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0118] Specifically, the radiating dielectric plate 110 is a PCB dielectric plate, and the two pairs of radiating arms may be radiating circuit layers attached to the radiating dielectric plate 110. The first connecting wire 141, the adapter plate 142, and the second connecting wire 143 may be conductive layers attached to the radiating dielectric plate 110. When manufacturing the radiating unit, the two pairs of radiating arms, the first connecting wire 141, the adapter plate 142, and the second connecting wire 143 may be printed together on the radiating dielectric plate 110.

[0119] Specifically, along the first diagonal direction PP', the first balun is located at an end of the first radiation arm 121 close to the second radiation arm 122. In this way, the end of the first feed conductor 1311 away from the phase shift cavity 300 is conveniently connected to the end of the first radiation arm 121 close to the second radiation arm 122. Figure 4 As shown, a first soldering pad 151 may be provided at one end of the first feeding conductor 1311 away from the phase-shifting cavity 300 , and the first soldering pad 151 is soldered to one end of the first radiation arm 121 close to the second radiation arm 122 .

[0120] The extension direction of the first connection line 141 may be along the first diagonal direction PP', so that one end of the first connection line 141 is conveniently connected to the first ground conductor 1312. Figure 4 As shown, a second pad 152 can be provided at one end of the first ground conductor 1312 away from the phase shift cavity 300, and soldered to one end of the first connecting wire 141 via the second pad 152. The other end of the first connecting wire 141 is connected to the second radiating arm 122. In this way, the second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to the first ground conductor 1312 via the first connecting wire 141.

[0121] Along the second diagonal direction QQ', the second balun is located at the end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124, so that the end of the second feed conductor 1321 away from the phase shift cavity 300 is conveniently connected to the end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124. Figure 4 As shown, a third pad 153 may be provided at one end of the second feeding conductor 1321 away from the phase-shift cavity 300 , and connected to one end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124 via the third pad 153 .

[0122] Along the second diagonal direction QQ', the adapter plate 142 is located at one end of the third radiation arm 123 close to the fourth radiation arm 124, so that the adapter plate 142 is conveniently connected to the second ground conductor 1322. Figure 4 As shown, a fourth pad 154 may be provided at one end of the second ground conductor 1322 away from the phase-shift cavity 300 , and the fourth pad 154 may be welded to the adapter plate 142 .

[0123] The second connecting line 143 may extend along the second diagonal direction QQ'. Therefore, along the thickness of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projection of the adapter plate 142 overlaps with one end of the projection of the second connecting line 143, thereby facilitating connection between the adapter plate 142 and one end of the second connecting line 143 via a metallized via. Since the second connecting line 143 extends along the second diagonal direction QQ', the other end of the second connecting line 143 is easily connected to the fourth radiating arm 124.

[0124] The above-described adapter structure connects the balun structure to the two pairs of radiating arms. When printing the radiating arms on the radiating dielectric plate 110, the first connecting line 141, adapter plate 142, and second connecting line 143, comprising the adapter structure, can be printed simultaneously on the radiating dielectric plate 110. The adapter plate 142 and the second connecting line 143 are then connected via metallized vias. When connecting the balun structure to each radiating arm, the first feed conductor 1311, second feed conductor 1321, first ground conductor 1312, and second ground conductor 1322 of the balun structure are soldered to their corresponding soldering locations.

[0125] As can be seen, when connecting the balun structure to the radiating arm, no additional connection operation is required because the first connecting wire 141, adapter plate 142, and second connecting wire 143 can be printed together with the radiating arm on the radiating dielectric plate 110. Instead, the adapter plate 142 and the second connecting wire 143 need only be connected via metallized vias, and finally the first feed conductor 1311, the second feed conductor 1321, the first ground conductor 1312, and the second ground conductor 1322 of the balun structure can be soldered to their corresponding soldering locations, thereby simplifying the connection operation.

[0126] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is disposed on the second surface 112. The transition structure further includes a coupling line 144 disposed on the first surface 111. Along the thickness direction of the radiating dielectric plate 110, the projection of the coupling line 144 overlaps with the projection of the second radiating arm 122, thereby coupling the coupling line 144 to the second radiating arm 122. The end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first ground conductor 1312 is connected to the coupling line 144.

[0127] Specifically, the radiation medium plate 110 is a PCB medium plate. When processing the radiation unit, two pairs of radiation arms, the first connecting line 141, the adapter 142, the second connecting line 143, and the coupling line 144 can be printed together on the radiation medium plate 110, and no additional conversion operation is required for the coupling line 144.

[0128] In this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is provided on the second surface 112, and the coupling line 144 is provided on the first surface 111. An end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first ground conductor 1312 is connected to the coupling line 144, and the coupling line 144 is coupled to the second radiating arm 122, thereby electrically connecting the end of the first connecting line 141 away from the first radiating arm 121 to the second radiating arm 122.

[0129] Through the electrical connection method between the first connecting line 141 and the second radiating arm 122 of this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 and the fourth radiating arm 124 can be located together on the second surface 112, and the first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 can be located together on the first surface 111, thereby improving the consistency of the indicators of the two pairs of radiating arms.

[0130] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, a first notch 121a is defined at one end of the first radiating arm 121 along the first diagonal direction PP', close to the second radiating arm 122. One end of the first balun is located at the first notch 121a. A second notch 123a is defined at one end of the third radiating arm 123 along the second diagonal direction QQ', close to the fourth radiating arm 124. One end of the second balun is located at the second notch 123a.

[0131] The first diagonal direction PP′ is the arrangement direction of the first radiation arm 121 and the second radiation arm 122 , and the second diagonal direction QQ′ is the arrangement direction of the third radiation arm 123 and the fourth radiation arm 124 .

[0132] By providing the first notch 121 a and the second notch 123 a , assembly space can be provided for the first balun and the second balun, while facilitating wiring of the transfer structure.

[0133] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 A first slot 110a and a second slot 110b are formed on the radiation dielectric plate 110. One end of the first balun passes through the first slot 110a and extends out of the first surface 111. One end of the second balun passes through the second slot 110b and extends out of the first surface 111.

[0134] Specifically, the first groove 110a and the second groove 110b can be a common groove, or can be understood as being connected to each other to form a single groove. One end of the first balun passes through the first groove 110a and extends out of the first surface 111, while one end of the second balun passes through the second groove 110b and extends out of the first surface 111.

[0135] During actual assembly, the second surface 112 faces the reflector 200, and the first surface 111 faces away from the reflector 200. One end of the first balun passes through the first slot 110a from bottom to top (i.e., passes through the second surface 112 and the first surface 111 in sequence), thereby extending out of the first surface 111. One end of the second balun passes through the second slot 110b from bottom to top (i.e., passes through the second surface 112 and the first surface 111 in sequence), thereby extending out of the first surface 111.

[0136] The first slot 110 a cooperates with the first balun to position the radiating dielectric plate 110 relative to the first balun, and the second slot 110 b cooperates with the second balun to position the radiating dielectric plate 110 relative to the second balun, thereby improving the assembly reliability of the balun structure and the radiating dielectric plate 110.

[0137] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the second radiation arm 122 has a first conductive segment 1221 at one end close to the first radiation arm 121. The first conductive segment 1221 is spaced apart from the second connecting line 143 along the first diagonal direction PP'. The extension direction of the first conductive segment 1221 is parallel to the second diagonal direction QQ'.

[0138] The fourth radiation arm 124 has a second conductive segment 1241 at one end close to the third radiation arm 123 . The second conductive segment 1241 extends parallel to the first diagonal direction PP′. The second conductive segment 1241 is spaced apart from the first connection line 141 along the second diagonal direction QQ′.

[0139] The first diagonal direction PP′ is the arrangement direction of the first radiation arm 121 and the second radiation arm 122 , and the second diagonal direction QQ′ is the arrangement direction of the third radiation arm 123 and the fourth radiation arm 124 .

[0140] Specifically, the second radiating arm 122 includes a first right-angled side 1222 and a second right-angled side 1223, which are perpendicular to each other. The first right-angled side 1222 extends along a first direction (i.e., the spacing between the first and second baluns), while the second right-angled side 1223 extends along a second direction (i.e., the arrangement direction of the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312). One end of the first conductive segment 1221 is connected to the first right-angled side 1222, and the other end is connected to the second right-angled side 1223. In this embodiment, the second radiating arm 122 is provided with a first conductive segment 1221 parallel to the second diagonal direction QQ'. The first conductive segment 1221 is spaced apart from the second connecting line 143 along the first diagonal direction PP', thereby preventing interference between the second radiating arm 122 and the second connecting line 143.

[0141] Similarly, the fourth radiating arm 124 includes a third right-angled side 1242 and a fourth right-angled side 1243, which are perpendicular to each other. The third right-angled side 1242 extends along the first direction (i.e., the spacing between the first and second baluns), while the fourth right-angled side 1243 extends along the second direction (i.e., the arrangement direction of the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322). One end of the second conductive segment 1241 is connected to the third right-angled side 1242, and the other end is connected to the fourth right-angled side 1243. In this embodiment, the fourth radiating arm 124 is provided with a second conductive segment 1241 parallel to the first diagonal direction PP'. The second conductive segment 1241 is spaced apart from the first connecting line 141 along the second diagonal direction QQ', thereby preventing interference between the fourth radiating arm 124 and the first connecting line 141.

[0142] Please combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, coupling line 144 includes a first extension segment 1441, a second extension segment 1442, and a third extension segment 1443. Two ends of second extension segment 1442 are respectively connected to one end of first extension segment 1441 and one end of third extension segment 1443. Second extension segment 1442 extends in a direction parallel to the arrangement direction of third radiating arm 123 and fourth radiating arm 124.

[0143] Along the thickness direction of the radiation dielectric plate 110 , the projection of the first extension section 1441 , the projection of the second extension section 1442 , and the projection of the third extension section 1443 respectively overlap with the projection of the second radiation arm 122 .

[0144] In this embodiment, the coupling line 144 includes a first extension section 1441, a second extension section 1442 and a third extension section 1443. These three extension sections overlap with the projection of the second radiating arm 122, thereby maximizing the coupling area between the coupling line 144 and the second radiating arm 122 and thereby increasing the coupling energy.

[0145] It can be understood that the projection of the first extension segment 1441 overlaps with the projection of the first right-angled side 1222 , the projection of the second extension segment 1442 overlaps with the projection of the first conductive segment 1221 , and the projection of the third extension segment 1443 overlaps with the projection of the second right-angled side 1223 .

[0146] Combine Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and an inner bending segment on a side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally therewith, the arc-shaped conductive segment has an opening position 1211a, and two ends of the inner bending segment are respectively connected to the two ends of the arc-shaped conductive segment at the opening position 1211a, and the inner bending segment is bent toward the inside of the arc-shaped conductive segment.

[0147] Specifically, taking the first radiating arm 121 as an example, the radiating arm arranged diagonally therefrom is the second radiating arm 122. The side of the first radiating arm 121 away from the second radiating arm 122 includes an arcuate conductive segment (a first arcuate conductive segment 1211) and an inwardly bent segment (a first inwardly bent segment 1212). The first arcuate conductive segment 1211 has an opening 1211a. The two ends of the first inwardly bent segment 1212 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first arcuate conductive segment 1211 at the opening 1211a. The first inwardly bent segment 1212 bends inwardly of the first arcuate conductive segment 1211.

[0148] Combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be understood that the second radiation arm 122 , the third radiation arm 123 , and the fourth radiation arm 124 have arc-shaped conductive segments and inner bending segments similar to those of the first radiation arm 121 , which will not be described in detail.

[0149] In this embodiment, each radiating arm has an arc-shaped conductive segment and an inner bending segment on a side away from the radiating arm arranged diagonally therewith. The inner bending segment causes the corresponding radiating arm to extend in a zigzag manner, thereby extending the flow path of the current flowing through the radiating arm and thereby increasing the radiation bandwidth.

[0150] Please combine Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, the first and second baluns are arranged in the same direction as the first and second sub-cavities 301 and 302, i.e., the first direction is along the XX' direction. The first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312 are arranged in the same direction as the length of the phase shifter, i.e., the second direction is along the YY' direction. The thickness direction of the metal ground plate 133 is the YY' direction. The first and third radiating arms 121 and 123 are arranged in the XX' direction.

[0151] Combine Figure 9 and Figure 10 In another embodiment, the thickness direction of the first grounding plate 1331 is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 (i.e., the XX' direction), and the thickness direction of the second grounding plate 1332 is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 (i.e., the XX' direction).

[0152] The first balun and the second balun are spaced apart in the lengthwise direction (YY' direction) of the phase shifter and are staggered along the arrangement direction (i.e., the XX' direction) of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302. Therefore, the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 are spaced apart in the lengthwise direction (YY' direction) of the phase shifter and are staggered along the arrangement direction (i.e., the XX' direction) of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302.

[0153] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 , which shows a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the first ground plate 1331 of the first balun and the second ground plate 1332 of the second balun.

[0154] By staggering the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 (i.e., the XX' direction), it is possible to facilitate matching the positions of the first feed conductor 1311 corresponding to the first ground plate 1331 and the second feed conductor 1321 corresponding to the second ground plate 1332 along the XX' direction with the positions of the first feed network 310 and the second feed network 320 during fabrication of the balun structure.

[0155] exist Figure 9 In the embodiment shown, the first grounding plate 1331 and the second grounding plate 1332 are two independent grounding plates. Figure 10 In the illustrated embodiment, first grounding plate 1331 and second grounding plate 1332 are connected by connecting portion 1333, thereby facilitating the reliable maintenance of the relative position of first grounding plate 1331 and second grounding plate 1332 during assembly and facilitating simultaneous positioning of first grounding plate 1331 and second grounding plate 1332. First grounding plate 1331, second grounding plate 1332, and connecting portion 1333 may be integrally formed or may be formed separately and then assembled together.

[0156] Please combine Figures 11 to 13 In one embodiment, the first grounding plate 1331 is the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second grounding plate 1332 is the second grounding conductor 1322. In other words, the first grounding plate 1331 and the first grounding conductor 1312 share the same structure. The second grounding plate 1332 and the second grounding conductor 1322 share the same structure.

[0157] The first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are sheet metal parts; or, the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor 1311 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first grounding conductor 1312, and the second feed conductor 1321 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board 1323 facing away from the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0158] exist Figures 11 to 13In the illustrated embodiment, the first feed conductor 1311 and the second feed conductor 1321 are sheet metal components. A first insulating plate 1314 is disposed between the first feed conductor 1311 and the first grounding plate 1331 (first grounding conductor 1312), and a second insulating plate 1324 is disposed between the second feed conductor 1321 and the second grounding plate 1332 (second grounding conductor 1322). The first insulating plate 1314 and the second insulating plate 1324 can be a common insulating plate, or they can be integrally formed to form a common insulating plate.

[0159] Another embodiment of the present application (specific structure not shown) is Figures 11 to 13 The structures of the illustrated embodiments are substantially the same, differing in that the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric plate and a second PCB dielectric plate. The first feed conductor 1311 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric plate facing away from the first ground conductor 1312 (first ground plate 1331), thereby enabling coupling between the first feed conductor 1311 and the first ground conductor 1312. The second feed conductor 1321 is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 facing away from the second ground conductor 1322 (second ground plate 1332), thereby enabling coupling between the second feed conductor 1321 and the second ground conductor 1322.

[0160] For this embodiment and Figures 11 to 13 In the illustrated embodiment, after the first feeding network 310 feeds a signal into the first feeding conductor 1311, the signal can be fed into the first radiating arm 121 and the second radiating arm 122, respectively, via the first feeding conductor 1311 and the first grounding conductor 1312 (first ground plate 1331). Furthermore, because the first ground plate 1331 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the first and second radiating arms 121 and 122 can be grounded. Similarly, after the second feeding network 320 feeds a signal into the second feeding conductor 1321, the signal can be fed into the third and fourth radiating arms 123 and 124, respectively, via the second feeding conductor 1321 and the second grounding conductor 1322 (second ground plate 1332). Furthermore, because the second ground plate 1332 shares a common ground with the phase-shifting cavity 300, the third and fourth radiating arms 123 and 124 can be grounded.

[0161] Please combine Figures 14 to 16 I understand. Figures 11 to 13 The connection method between the balun structure and the radiation arm of the embodiment shown is similar to Figures 4 to 6 The connection method between the balun structure and the radiation arm is basically the same, so it will not be described in detail.

[0162] Please combine Figures 16 to 18In one embodiment, the radiation unit includes a first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and a second PCB dielectric plate 1323. The first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are respectively located on both sides of the metal ground plate 133 along the thickness direction, that is, the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 are respectively located on different sides of the metal ground plate 133 along the thickness direction.

[0163] A first feed conductor 1311 is attached to a side of a first PCB dielectric plate 1313 facing away from the metal ground plate 133. A first grounding conductor 1312 is provided on a side of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313 near the metal ground plate 133. The first feed conductor 1311 is coupled to the first grounding conductor 1312, which is then coupled to the first ground plate 1331. The first feed conductor 1311 and the first grounding conductor 1312 are circuit layers attached to opposite sides of the first PCB dielectric plate 1313.

[0164] A second feed conductor 1321 is attached to a side of a second PCB dielectric plate 1323 facing away from the metal ground plate 133. A second grounding conductor 1322 is provided on a side of the second PCB dielectric plate 1323 near the metal ground plate 133. Second feed conductor 1321 is coupled to second grounding conductor 1322, which is in turn coupled to second ground plate 1332. Second feed conductor 1321 and second grounding conductor 1322 are circuit layers attached to opposite sides of second PCB dielectric plate 1323.

[0165] The two radiating arms in one pair of radiating arms are respectively electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor 1311 and one end of the first grounding conductor 1312. The two radiating arms in the other pair of radiating arms are respectively electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor 1321 and one end of the second grounding conductor 1322.

[0166] Specifically, the two radiating arms in one pair of radiating arms are a first radiating arm 121 and a second radiating arm 122, respectively, arranged diagonally along a first diagonal direction PP'; the two radiating arms in the other pair of radiating arms are a third radiating arm 123 and a fourth radiating arm 124, respectively, arranged diagonally along a second diagonal direction QQ'. First radiating arm 121 is electrically connected to one end of a first feed conductor 1311, and second radiating arm 122 is electrically connected to one end of a first ground conductor 1312. Third radiating arm 123 is electrically connected to one end of a second feed conductor 1321, and fourth radiating arm 124 is electrically connected to one end of a second ground conductor 1322.

[0167] In one embodiment, please combine Figures 16 to 18Projected along the thickness direction of metal ground plate 133, the projection of first PCB dielectric plate 1313 and the projection of first ground conductor 1312 both cover first ground plate 1331 and second ground plate 1332. The projection of second PCB dielectric plate 1323 and the projection of second ground conductor 1322 both cover first ground plate 1331 and second ground plate 1332. The projection of first feed conductor 1311 overlaps with second ground plate 1332, and the projection of second feed conductor 1321 overlaps with first ground plate 1331.

[0168] In this way, the first feed conductor 1311 can be coupled to the first ground conductor 1312, and the first ground conductor 1312 can be coupled to the first ground conductor 1312. The second feed conductor 1321 can be coupled to the second ground conductor 1322, and the second ground conductor 1322 can be coupled to the second ground conductor 1322. The arrangement of the balun structure of this embodiment also enables feeding and grounding of two pairs of radiating arms.

[0169] In one embodiment, please combine Figures 16 to 18 The first PCB dielectric plate 1313 has a first protruding portion 1313a and a second protruding portion 1313b protruding from the radiating arm at one end thereof, and the arrangement direction of the first protruding portion 1313a and the second protruding portion 1313b (in Figure 18 OY' direction), and the arrangement direction of the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 (in Figure 18 OY direction in the middle) is opposite.

[0170] Combine Figures 19 to 20 One end of the first feed conductor 1311 extends to the surface of the first protrusion 1313a, and a first pad is provided on the end of the first feed conductor 1311 located on the first protrusion 1313a. The first ground conductor 1312 extends to the surface of the second protrusion 1313b. A second pad is provided on the side of the second protrusion 1313b facing away from the first ground conductor 1312. The second pad is electrically connected to the portion of the first ground conductor 1312 located on the second protrusion 1313b via a metallized via. The first radiating arm 121 is connected to the first pad, and the second radiating arm is connected to the second pad.

[0171] Please combine Figures 16 to 18 The second PCB dielectric plate 1323 has a third protrusion 1323a and a fourth protrusion 1323b protruding from the radiation arm at one end thereof, and the arrangement direction of the third protrusion 1323a and the fourth protrusion 1323b is (in Figure 18 OY direction), and the arrangement direction of the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 (in Figure 18 OY' direction in the middle).

[0172] One end of the second feed conductor 1321 extends to the surface of the third protrusion 1323a, and a third pad is provided on the end of the second feed conductor 1321 located on the third protrusion 1323a. The second ground conductor 1322 extends to the surface of the fourth protrusion 1323b. A fourth pad is provided on the side of the fourth protrusion 1323b facing away from the second ground conductor 1322. The fourth pad is electrically connected to the portion of the second ground conductor 1322 located on the fourth protrusion 1323b via a metallized via. The third radiating arm 123 is connected to the third pad 153, and the fourth radiating arm 124 is connected to the fourth pad 154.

[0173] Please combine Figure 19 and Figure 20 In one embodiment, the radiating dielectric plate 110 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112. The first surface 111 faces away from the reflector 200, and the second surface 112 faces the reflector 200. The first radiating arm 121 and the third radiating arm 123 are provided on the second surface 112, and the second radiating arm 122 and the fourth radiating arm 124 are provided on the first surface 111.

[0174] The first feed conductor 1311 , the first ground conductor 1312 , the second feed conductor 1321 , and the second ground conductor 1322 respectively pass through the second surface 112 and extend out of the first surface 111 .

[0175] The first surface 111 is provided with a first connecting piece 145 and a second connecting piece 146. The first feed conductor 1311 is soldered to the first connecting piece 145 via a first soldering pad, and the first connecting piece 145 is connected to the first radiating arm 121 via a metallized via. The second feed conductor 1321 is soldered to the second connecting piece 146 via a third soldering pad, and the second connecting piece 146 is connected to the third radiating arm 123 via a metallized via.

[0176] Combine Figures 16 to 18 In some embodiments, the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 are arranged along the length direction of the phase shift cavity 300 . The thickness directions of the first ground plate 1331 and the second ground plate 1332 are both arranged along the first sub-cavity 301 and the second sub-cavity 302 .

[0177] refer to Figure 21 In some embodiments, the metal ground plate 133 and the phase shift cavity 300 may be integrally formed, and the first bending portion and the second bending portion may not be provided.

[0178] An embodiment of the present application further provides a base station, comprising an antenna mounting bracket and the base station antenna of any one of the above embodiments, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

[0179] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0180] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna includes: a reflector, a phase shifter, and a radiating unit, wherein the radiating unit and the phase shifter are respectively located on both sides of the reflector; the phase shifter includes a phase shift cavity and a first feeding network and a second feeding network disposed in the phase shift cavity; the radiating unit includes two pairs of orthogonally polarized radiating arms and a balun structure, wherein the balun structure is disposed between the radiating arms and the reflector; The balun structure includes a first feed conductor, a second feed conductor and a metal ground plate; The input end of the first feed conductor is electrically connected to the first feed network; the first feed conductor cooperates with the metal ground plate to jointly feed and ground one pair of the radiating arms; The input end of the second feed conductor is electrically connected to the second feed network; the second feed conductor cooperates with the metal ground plate to jointly feed and ground the other pair of the radiating arms; One end of the metal ground plate away from the radiation arm is electrically connected to a side of the phase shift cavity close to the reflection plate.

2. The base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The metal ground plate and the phase-shift cavity are laser welded.

3. The base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The reflector is provided with an opening; a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity separated from each other are provided in the phase-shift cavity; the first feeding network and the second feeding network are respectively located in the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity; and a first notch and a second notch are respectively provided on the cavity walls of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity on a side close to the reflector; The input end of the first feeding conductor extends into the first sub-cavity through the opening and the first notch, and the input end of the second feeding conductor extends into the second sub-cavity through the opening and the second notch; One end of the metal ground plate passes through the opening and is electrically connected to the phase-shift cavity.

4. The base station antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The metal ground plane includes a first ground plane and a second ground plane spaced apart from each other; the first feed conductor cooperates with the first ground plane to jointly feed power and ground one pair of the radiating arms; the second feed conductor cooperates with the second ground plane to jointly feed power and ground the other pair of the radiating arms; One end of the first grounding plate is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the first sub-cavity close to the reflector, and one end of the second grounding plate is electrically connected to a cavity wall of the second sub-cavity close to the reflector.

5. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The first ground plate has a first bent portion at one end close to the first sub-cavity, the first bent portion being bent relative to the first ground plate in the thickness direction of the metal ground plate, and the first bent portion being electrically connected to a cavity wall of the first sub-cavity close to the reflector; The second grounding plate has a second bent portion at one end close to the second sub-cavity. The second bent portion is bent relative to the second grounding plate in the thickness direction of the metal grounding plate. The second bent portion is electrically connected to the cavity wall of the second sub-cavity close to the reflector.

6. The base station antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The metal ground plate has two sides along its thickness direction, namely a first side and a second side. The first bent portion is bent toward the first side relative to the first ground plate, and the second bent portion is bent toward the second side relative to the second ground plate.

7. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The metal ground plate has a first end close to the radiating arm and a second end close to the phase shifter; A separation groove is provided on the metal ground plate. The separation groove extends from the first end to the second end and does not pass through the second end, so as to form the first ground plate and the second ground plate separated by the separation groove.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The balun structure includes a first balun and a second balun spaced apart along a first direction, the first balun including the first feed conductor and a first ground conductor arranged along a second direction and coupled to the first feed conductor, the second balun including the second feed conductor and a second ground conductor arranged along the second direction and coupled to the second feed conductor; The thickness direction of the metal ground plate is along the second direction, and the first ground plate and the second ground plate are arranged along the first direction; The first grounding plate is the first grounding conductor, and the second grounding plate is the second grounding conductor; or the first grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor.

9. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The first grounding plate is coupled to the first grounding conductor, and the second grounding plate is coupled to the second grounding conductor; The first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor and the first ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the first PCB dielectric board; the second balun includes a second PCB dielectric board, the second feed conductor and the second ground conductor are conductive lines attached to both sides of the second PCB dielectric board; The two radiating arms in one pair of the radiating arms are electrically connected to one end of the first feeding conductor and one end of the first grounding conductor, respectively; the two radiating arms in the other pair of the radiating arms are electrically connected to one end of the second feeding conductor and one end of the second grounding conductor, respectively.

10. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that The first grounding plate is the first grounding conductor, and the second grounding plate is the second grounding conductor; The first feed conductor and the second feed conductor are sheet metal parts; or the first balun includes a first PCB dielectric board and a second PCB dielectric board, the first feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the first PCB dielectric board facing away from the first ground conductor, and the second feed conductor is a conductive wire attached to the side of the second PCB dielectric board facing away from the second ground conductor; The first PCB dielectric plate and the second PCB dielectric plate are located on the same side of the metal ground plate along the thickness direction.

11. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The spacing arrangement direction of the first ground plate and the second ground plate is along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity, and the thickness directions of the first ground plate and the second ground plate are both along the length direction of the phase shift cavity.

12. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The spacing arrangement direction of the first ground plate and the second ground plate is along the length direction of the phase shift cavity, and the thickness directions of the first ground plate and the second ground plate are both along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

13. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first grounding plate and the second grounding plate are spaced apart from each other along the length direction of the phase-shifting cavity, and the first grounding plate and the second grounding plate are staggered along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity; the thickness directions of the first grounding plate and the second grounding plate are both along the arrangement direction of the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity.

14. The base station antenna according to claim 13, wherein: The first grounding plate and the second grounding plate are two independent grounding plates; or, One end of the first ground plate close to the phase shifter is connected to one end of the second ground plate close to the phase shifter through a connecting portion.

15. The base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The metal ground plate is coupled to the phase-shift cavity; or, The metal ground plate and the phase shift cavity are an integrally formed structure.

16. A base station, characterized in that: The invention comprises an antenna mounting bracket and the base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the base station antenna is mounted on the antenna mounting bracket.

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